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________________ sa . 148 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : navama khaNDa BINIBAR yoga-sAdhanA : eka paryavekSaNa RPOOmkacc0000cocon upAdhyAya pravartaka zrI phUlacandajI ma0 'zramaNa' yaha virATa vizva calacitra kI taraha parivartanazIla hai| pratipala pratikSaNa parivartana hotA rahatA hai / jIvana meM kabhI utthAna hotA hai to kabhI patana, kabhI vikAsa hotA hai to kabhI hrAsa / AdhyAtmika dRSTi se vikAsa hone kA artha hai mohanIya karma kI prakRtiyoM ko kramazaH naSTa karanA / jaba mohanIya karma kI prakRtiyA~ pUrNa rUpa se naSTa ho jAtI haiM taba AtmA kA punaH patana nahIM hotaa| vaha uttarottara vikAsa karatA jAtA hai aura eka dina apane aMtima lakSya mokSa ko prApta kara letA hai| mAnava-jIvana kI saphalatA dharma sAdhanA meM hai| sAdhanA ke aneka aMga haiN| sarvaprathama mAnava meM mAnavatA kA honA Avazyaka hai| mAnava jAti, dhana, vaibhava aura vidyA se zreSTha aura jyeSTha nahIM mAnA gayA hai, apitu mAnavatA kA vikAsa hI zreSThatA kA prathama sopAna hai| mAnavatA ke binA mAnava nirgandha puSpa ke samAna hai jo dekhane meM sundara hone para bhI apanI madhura saurabha ke abhAva meM jana-jana ke mana ko AkarSita nahIM kara sktaa| binA mAnavatA ke dharma vikasita nahIM ho sktaa| mAnavatA kI sudRr3ha nIMva para dharma ke bhavya bhavana kA nirmANa hotA hai| jaise zreSTha phala ke lie mAlI kI dekharekha Avazyaka hai vaise hI mAnavatA ke vikAsa ke lie, sarvAMgINa paripUrNatA ke lie dhArmika saMskAra evaM sAdhanA apekSita hai / mAnava apane puruSArtha se hI sAdhanA ke pavitra patha para bar3ha sakatA hai| sAdhanA kA mArga sarala nahIM apitu kaThina hai| sabhI usa mahAmArga para nahIM bar3ha sakate aura na sabhI kI ruci usa ora bar3hane kI ho sakatI hai| prAcIna manISiyoM ne sAdhaka ke vikAsa ke lie kucha lakSaNa nirdhArita kiye haiN| zatAbdiyA~ vyatIta ho jAne para bhI unakA mahattva kisI bhI dRSTi se kama nahIM hai| yaha eka jvalanta satya hai ki prAcIna manISiyoM ne mAnava aura mAnavatA kI spaSTa anubhati ke sAtha jIvana aura samAja ke sambandha meM bhI bahata spaSTa cintana kiyA hai| unakA mantavya hai, vahI sAdhaka sAdhanA ke patha para nizcita rUpa se agrasara ho sakatA hai jisakI mAtA pUrNa rUpa se sadAcAriNI ho, jisake pitA kA jIvana nirmala ho, jo zArIrika dRSTi se pUrNa svastha ho, jisake vicAra nirmala hoM aura jo pavitra AtmAoM kI saMgati karatA ho| . pratyeka mAnava meM dharma ke prati ruci nahIM hotii| manovijJAna kI dRSTi se isake aneka kAraNa ho sakate haiN| prAcIna AcAryoM ne aneka kAraNoM kA ullekha karate hue batAyA hai ki Alasya, moha, dharmakathAzravaNa ke prati aruci, jAti, kula, bala, dhana, rUpa, tapa, jJAna, prabhRti kA ahaMkAra, pramAda, kRpaNatA, bhaya, zoka, ajJAna, vikSepa, kutUhala, krIr3Ae~, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha Adi kAraNoM se mAnava sAdhanA nahIM kara sktaa| dhArmika sAdhanA ke lie prAkRtika saMvegoM para niyantraNa Avazyaka hai| binA saMyama ke jIvana kA koI bhI vyApAra saMbhava nahIM hai| zArIrika aura mAnasika vyAdhiyoM ke sambandha meM bahuta hI spaSTa kalpanA AcAryoM ne sAdhakoM ke samakSa rakhI hai aura sAdhaka ko rAga, dveSa, hiMsA, moha Adi durguNoM se bhI bacane kI preraNA dI hai| ___ sAdhaka ko jahA~ durguNoM se bacane kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai, vahA~ dharma ke prati zraddhA bhI Avazyaka mAnI hai| binA zraddhA ke vikAsa saMbhava nahIM hai| zraddhAvAn vyakti hI jJAna ko upalabdha karatA hai| sAdhanA ke lie samyakzraddhA Avazyaka hI nahIM, anivArya hai| mithyAdRSTi vyakti ke antarmAnasa meM na tattvoM para zraddhA hotI hai aura na svayaM para hii| vaha karma-phala ke prati bhI saMdehazIla hotA hai| zraddhA meM jIvana prasthApita karane ke lie virodhI tattvoM se bacanA Avazyaka hai| kuzAgra-buddhi sAdhaka haMsa kI taraha isakA nirNaya karatA hai| zraddhA kA pUrNa vikAsa hI sAdhaka meM
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________________ yoga-sAdhanA : eka paryavekSaNa samyakcAritra va samyakRtapa ke rUpa meM phalita hotA hai| usameM vinaya, viveka, dhairya, saralatA, Adi sadguNoM kA sahaja vikAsa hotA hai / etadartha hI bhagavAna mahAvIra ne zraddhA ko parama durlabha kahA hai / zarIra, indriyA~, mana Adi ke nigraha kA nAma saMyama hai| saMyama eka dRSTi se uddezya prApti kI bhAvanA hai| jaina Agama sAhitya meM saMyama ke satraha prakAra batAye haiM / unameM sAdhaka ko adhika se adhika niyantraNa karane ke lie kartavya kI pavitra preraNA dene ke lie jIvana ke prati bahuta hI sulajhA huA dRSTikoNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| mana, vacana, kAyA, upekSA, prekSA Adi saMyama svayaM ke jIvana para niyantraNa prasthApita karane ke lie upayogI haiN| Adhunika manovijJAna kI bhASA meM hama aisA kaha sakate haiM ki prAcIna yuga meM saMyama ke sambandha meM jo cintana thA vaha yojanAbaddha jIvana kA svarUpa hai jisameM jIvana kI pratyeka gatividhi kA sAdhaka bar3I hI sUkSma dRSTi se avalokana karatA hai evaM sAdhanAmArga ko prazasta karatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne saMyamI sAdhakoM ke lie vizeSa kartavyoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai jinameM nivRtti aura pravRtti donoM kA sUkSma vizleSaNa hai, jisa para sAdhaka ko manana karanA bahuta hI Avazyaka hai / bIsavIM zatAbdI meM vijJAna se prabhAvita jIvana aura naye mUlyoM ko saMlakSya meM rakhate hue ina kartavyoM kA patha-pradarzaka ke rUpa meM utanA hI mahattva hai jitanA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke yuga meM thA / vastutaH una prAcIna AcAryoM ke ina vimala vicAroM ko deza, kAla, jAti Adi se maryAdita karanA bilakula hI saMbhava nahIM hai / saMkSepa meM unakA varNana isa prakAra hai 146 1. anidAnatA Ayurveda cikitsA paddhati meM 'nidAna' zabda kA artha roga ke svarUpa ko nizcita karanA hai| jainadarzana kI dRSTi se nidAna kA artha hai saMyama, tapa Adi zubha pravRttiyoM ko bhautika sukha kI upalabdhi kI AkAMkSA ke lie karanA / nidAna AdhyAtmika unnati ke lie bAdhaka hai| ataH saMyama, tapa, brahmacarya Adi kA niSThApUrvaka pAlana karate samaya kiMcit mAtra bhI phala prApti kI AkAMkSA nahIM rakhanI caahie| yaha satya hai ki mAnava ke antarmAnasa meM phala prApta karane kI AkAMkSA svAbhAvika rUpa se hotI hai, tathApi jahA~ taka usake antarmAnasa meM anidAnatA kI bhAvanA vikasita na hogI vahA~ taka sAdhanA ke mArga meM Ane vAlI bAdhAe~ sAdhaka ko saccI pragati nahIM karane deNgii| prAcIna AcAryoM ne bhautika sukhoM kI tulanA ghAsa-phUsa ke sAtha kI hai jo anna aura phaloM ke sAtha icchA na hone para bhI vikasita ho jAtA anidAnatA hai| jainAcAryoM ne nidAna ke nau saMbhAvanAoM kI unheM bahuta spaSTa kalpanA thI hai / isa anAvazyaka padArtha se mukti prApta karane kI bauddhika pAtratA ho bheda kiye haiM jo isa bAta kI ora saMketa karate haiM ki sabhI prakAra kI jinase sAdhaka ko bacanA Avazyaka hai / 2. dRSTi sampannatA sAdhanA ke lie sabase mahattvapUrNa aMga samyaka darzana hai| dUsare zabdoM meM use samyaka dRSTi bhI kahate haiN| vastu yA padArtha kA jo svarUpa hai usako usI rUpa meM dekhanA, apanI sad-asad bhAvanA kA usameM Aropa na karanA samyak dRSTi hai / vyAvahArika jIvana meM hama pratyeka tathya ko apanI suvidhA aura icchA ke anusAra dekhane kA prayAsa karate haiM / yadi hamArI bhAvanAoM ke viparIta koI bhI vicAra hue to hama udvigna ho jAte haiM / yaha satya hai ki prakRti ke niyamoM ke anusAra saMsAra kI nizcita gati hai / usa gati aura krama ke anusAra saMsAra calatA hai / dRSTisampanna sAdhaka una ghaTanAoM meM samabhAva rakhatA hai, cAhe ve ghaTanAe~ anukUla ho cAhe pratikUla hoM / Agama sAhitya meM samyaSTi sAmaka ke lie (1) nisargaruci, (2) adhigamaruci (3) AzAraci (4) sUtraruci ( 5 ) bIjaruci ( 6 ) abhigamaruci ( 7 ) vistAra ruci (8) kriyAruci ( 6 ) saMkSeparuci (10) dharmaruci kA varNana aura vizleSaNa kiyA hai / samyakdRSTi sAdhaka meM hI dharma zraddhA kA vikAsa svAbhAvika rUpa se hotA hai / usake vicAra karane kI vRtti antarmukhI ho jAtI hai aura usakA prabhAva AcaraNa para hotA hai| vaicArika durbalatA se hI AcAra meM bhI durbalatA AtI hai| vicAra jJAna kA eka rUpa hai aura samyakdarzana vicAroM ko nirmala aura pavitra banAne kI sAdhanA hai / AcAra kI pavitratA se AtmA pUrNatA kI ora gati karatA hai| ataH samyakdarzana sAdhanA kA mahattvapUrNa AyAma hai | 3. yogavAhitA mana aura indriyoM kI gatividhiyoM para niyantraNa prApta karane ke lie eka nizcita sAdhanA paddhati kA vikAsa kiyA gayA hai, vaha yoga ke nAma se pracalita hai| yoga meM zAstrajJAna kI ArAdhanA aura zAstrokta tapasyA kA madhura
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________________ 150 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana prantha : navama khaNDa CE samanvaya hai| jJAna kA anubhava tapa se hotA hai aura tapa kI sAdhanA pratyeka sAdhaka ko apane Apa karanI par3atI hai| sAdhanA meM jJAna ke dvArA zakti kA saMcAra hotA hai tathA tapa kI ora usakI pravRtti hotI hai / pAramparika yoga meM yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhirUpa aSTAMga yoga kA vistRta vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai jisameM anubhUtiyoM kI pradhAnatA hai / anubhavoM ke dvArA hI sAdhaka ke jIvana meM saMyama va sAdhanA ke prati niSThA jAgRta hotI hai| 4. kSAnti-kSamaNatA jaina sAdhanA paddhati ke anusAra ahiMsA kI utkRSTa sAdhanA ke pariNAmasvarUpa niSpanna hone vAlI kSAnti aura kSamaNatA hai| sAdhaka ko koI bhI anabhijJa vyakti kisI bhI prakAra kA kaSTa de, usakA apamAna kare, taba bhI usake antarmAnasa meM zAnti banI rahe, badalA lene kI bhAvanA udbuddha na ho aura na mana meM kiMcit mAtra bhI krodha hI utpanna ho / mAna-apamAna, sukha-duHkha kI laukika mAnyatAoM aura kalpanAoM se mukta hokara vaha yaha cintana karatA hai ki merA koI bhI apamAna nahIM kara sakatA aura na mujhe koI kisI bhI prakAra kA kaSTa pahu~cA sakatA hai| jo use bAdhAe~ pahu~cAte haiM usake mana meM unake prati bhI sneha-sadbhAvanAeM hotI haiN| yaha kSamA karane kI bhAvanA sAdhanA kA mahattvapUrNa aMga hai| manovaijJAnika dRSTi se isa prakAra kA jIvana pUrNa svatantra jIvana hai aura yahI jIvana AdhyAtmika dRSTi se pragati kara sakatA hai| samAja aura paristhitiyoM ko apane manonukUla badalanA asambhava hai; para svayaM para niyantraNa karanA isakI apekSA bahuta hI sarala hai| sAdhaka ko paristhitiyA~ badalane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI aura na dUsaroM ke prati vivekahIna asad-vicAra karane kI hI AvazyakatA hotI hai| vaha sadA kSAnti kI sura-saritA meM avagAhana karatA hai aura mAraNAMtika kaSTa hone para bhI vaha kisI ke prati dveSa nahIM karatA, apitu sahiSNutA se usa kaSTa ko sahana karatA hai| ise hI AcAryoM ne kSAnti-kSamaNatA kahA hai| 5. jitendriyatA saMyamI sAdhaka kA jitendriya honA Avazyaka hai| sukha-duHkha, svAda-asvAda. sugandha-durgandha Adi ke sambandha meM samAja meM nizcita mUlya prasthApita nahIM haiN| sAdhaka kA lakSya indriyoM se sambandhita padArthoM kI ora nahIM hotaa| ekAgratA kI dRSTi se indriya-nigraha bahuta hI Avazyaka hai| saMsAra kI sabhI sAdhanA paddhatiyA~ indriya-nigraha para bala detI rahI haiN| ucchRkhala vyakti sAdhanA kA adhikArI nahIM hai| sAdhanA to kyA, vaha kisI bhI kSetra meM saphalatA prApta nahIM kara sakatA / ataH jitendriya honA sAdhanA meM pragati ke lie Avazyaka hai| 6 amAyAvitA vidvattA se ahaMkAra bar3hane kI sambhAvanA hai| saMyama aura ahaMkAra ye eka-dUsare ke virodhI tattva haiN| saMyamI sAdhaka ko apane guNa aura doSoM kA spaSTa parijJAna honA cAhie aura sAtha hI una doSoM ko svIkAra karane kI kSamatA bhI honI caahie| doSoM ko kapaTa ke dvArA chipAnA ucita nahIM hai| kapaTa va mAyA se sugati kA pratighAta hotA hai| mAyA se kI gayI utkRSTa sAdhanA bhI ArAdhanA na hokara virAdhanA bana jAtI hai| mAyA duHkha kA mUla kAraNa hai| ataH sAdhaka ko sarala hone ke lie zAstrakAroM ne saMketa kiyA hai| amAyAvitA sAdhaka ke lie Avazyaka hI nahIM anivArya hai| 7. apArzvasthatA laukika bhASA meM pAza kA artha bandhana hai| sAdhaka ko saMsAra ke AkarSaNa aura unake pralobhanoM se apane mana ko vicalita na hone denA hai| prastuta avasthA ko prApta karane hetu guru ke sAnnidhya meM kalyANakArI svarUpa meM jIvana kI gati nirdhArita karanA hai / jJAna, darzana aura cAritra zramaNa jIvana ke lie atyanta Avazyaka aMga haiN| jina zramaNoM meM ina sadguNoM kA abhAva ho, AcAryoM ne unakI saMgati karane kA bhI niSedha kiyA hai| ku-saMgati se guNoM kI hAni aura doSoM kI vRddhi hotI hai| ataH sAdhaka ko ku-saMgati se bacane kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai / jo cAritravAn hai aura jJAna va darzana se sampanna hai aise guru ke sAnnidhya meM hI sAdhaka kA jIvana vikasita ho sakatA hai| sAdhaka ko zArIrika sukhoM ke prati ruci nahIM honI caahie| AhAra, veSa, sukhazayyA, prabhRti ke prati AkarSaNa nahIM honA caahie| saMkSepa meM apArzvasthatA kA artha hama aisI mAnasika avasthA se anulakSita kara sakate haiM jisameM zArIrika sukhoM se mana pUrNatayA virakta ho cukA hai aura tathAkathita zArIrika sukhoM kI carcA yA kalpanA bhI nahIM karatA hai / santoSI jIvana kA yaha jItA-jAgatA svarUpa hai / pAzatthA ke dezapAzatthA aura sarvapAzatthA ye do bheda kiye gaye haiN| 00
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________________ yoga-sAdhanA : eka paryavekSaNa 151 8. suzrAmaNyatA zAstroM meM ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ko saMyama ke nAma se sambodhita kiyA gayA hai| sAdhaka ko jina virodhI avasthAoM meM prastuta saMyama pAlana karane meM kaThinAiyA~ samutpanna hoM unase bacane kA saMketa kiyA hai / AcAryoM ne sAdhaka ko preraNA dete hue kahA hai--tumheM prANoM se bhI adhika saMyama priya honA cAhie / pratipala sAdhanoM meM sAvadhAnI rakhanA Avazyaka hai| vinamratA, niSkapaTatA, santoSa, Adi samyakdarzana ke mUla guNa haiM / tapa se saMyama kI vRddhi hotI hai tathA nirdoSa jIvana kA vikAsa hotA hai| azubha karmoM kI nirjarA hone se AdhyAtmika pragati hotI hai| saMyama aura tapa kI ArAdhanA karate samaya yadi zArIrika kaSTa bhI hote haiM to bhI vaha vicalita nahIM hotaa| cAhe kaSTa ho, cAhe Ananda ho usake lie vyartha hai| vaha to donoM hI sthitiyoM meM sama rahatA hai| suzrAmaNyatA kA artha hama jIvana kI nirmalatA se le sakate haiM jisameM pavitra jIvana va ekAgra mana se saMyama kI ora pragati kI jAtI hai| 6. pravacanavatsalatA jinavANI aura saMgha ke prati vAtsalya aura prIti vikasita karane kA prayAsa karanA caahie| Adhunika vyasta jIvana kI dRSTi se pravacanavatsalatA kA artha hai vItarAgavANI tathA sadsAhitya kI sAtvika gaurava ke sAtha vikasita karane kI vRtti; dharma se sambandhita sAhitya kA vividha svarUpoM meM adhyayana-manana karanA; deza, samAja meM jo anya pravAha pracalita haiM unase bhI apane Apako avagata karAte hue apane dharma ke sambandha meM AsthA evaM bhakti ko bar3hAne hetu mAnasika va bauddhika vAtAvaraNa taiyAra karanA; sad-sAhitya kA apane matAvalambiyoM aura anya logoM ko bhI samyakapa se paricaya karAnA / isase vizvAsa meM abhivRddhi hotI hai tathA cintana karane kI kSamatA bar3hatI hai| 10. pravacana udbhAvanA jaina vaha hai jisake antarmAnasa meM jinavANI ke prati gaharI niSThA-bhakti ho aura mana meM jinavANI ke prati kiMcit mAtra bhI zaMkA na ho / jaina sambodhana ko sunakara svayaM gaurava kA anubhava kre| svayaM ke dvArA aisA koI kArya na ho jisase vAtAvaraNa dUSita ho-isa dRSTi se bahuta hI sAvadhAnIpUrvaka aura yojanAnusAra jIvana yApana kare / isa prakAra jIvana jIne se saMgha kI vRddhi hotI hai aura samAna rUpa se cintana karane vAle vyaktiyoM kA samUha eka-dUsare ko preraNA detA huA vyakti aura samAja kA vikAsa karatA hai| pravacana prabhAvanA ke dvArA hama eka-dUsare kA utsAha bar3hAte haiN| saMkSepa meM, hama kaha sakate haiM ki jaina manISiyoM ne zramaNa-zramaNI, zrAvaka-zrAvikA evaM samyakdRSTi sAdhaka ke sarvAMgINa vikAsa ke lie jo siddhAnta prasthApita kiye haiM, unase jIvana kA uttarottara vikAsa hotA hai / unhoMne phUla, svarNa, anna, prabhRti vividha upamAe~ dekara jIvana kI upayogitA ko samajhAne kA sundara prayAsa kiyA hai| vikasita jIvana kI preraNA hI hai| yaha siddhAnta hajAroM-lAkhoM varSa purAne hone para bhI Aja bhI unameM vahI camaka aura damaka hai / jIvana ke lie upayogI haiN| Adhunika yuga meM parivartana hote hue bhautika vAtAvaraNa meM prakAzastambha ke samAna mArgadarzaka haiN| * * *