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________________ vizva - dharma ke rUpa meM jaina dharma-darzana kI prAsaMgikatA Aja ke vizva ko eka aise dharma-darzana kI AvazyakatA hai jo usakI vartamAna samasyAoM kA samAdhAna kara sake / Aja bhautika vijJAnoM ne bahuta vikAsa kiyA hai| unakI upalabdhiyoM evaM anusaMdhAnoM ne manuSya ko camatkRta kara diyA hai| jJAna kA vikAsa itanI tIvra gati se ho rahA hai ki prabuddha pAThaka bhI usa jJAna se paricaya prApta karane meM asamartha evaM vivaza hai| jJAna kI zAkhA prazAkhA meM vizeSajJatA kA dAyarA bar3hatA jA rahA hai| eka viSaya kA vidvAn dUsare viSaya kI tathyAtmakatA evaM adhyayana paddhati se apane ko anabhijJa pA rahA hai| hara jagaha, hara dizA meM nayI khoja, nayA anveSaNa ho rahA hai / pratikSaNa anusaMdhAna ho rahe haiN| jo Aja taka nahIM khojA jA sakA, usakI khoja meM vyakti saMlagna hai| jo Aja taka nahIM socA gayA use socane meM vyakti vyasta hai| jina ghaTanAoM ko na samajha pAne ke kAraNa unheM parAtparabrahma ke dharAtala para agamya rahasya mAnakara una para cintana karanA banda kara diyA gayA thA, ve Aja anusaMdheya ho gaI haiM / sRSTi kI bahuta sI gutthiyoM kI vyAkhyA hamAre dArzanikoM ne paramAtmA evaM mAyA kI sRSTi ke AdhAra para kI thii| una vyAkhyAoM ke kAraNa ve 'paraloka' kI bAteM ho gayI thiiN| Aja unake bAre meM bhI vyakti jAnanA cAhatA hai / anveSaNa kI pipAsA bar3hatI jA rahI hai| AviSkAra kA dharAtala aba bhautika padArthoM taka hI sImita hokara nahIM raha gayA hai / antarmukhI cetanA kA adhyayana evaM pahacAna bhI usakI sImA meM A rahI hai / pahale ke vyakti ne isa saMsAra meM kaSTa adhika bhoge the| bhautika upakaraNoM kA abhAva thA / usane svarga kI kalpanA kI / bhautika icchAoM kI sahaja tRpti kI kalpanA hI usa loka kI parikalpanA kA AdhAra thii| Aja ko pragati unhIM divyatAoM ko dharatI ke adhika nikaTa lAne ke prayAsa meM rata hai| pRthvI ko hI svarga banA dene ke lie betAba hai| T itanA hone para bhI manuSya sukhI nahIM hai / yaha asaMgati kyoM hai ? vaha sukha kI talAza meM bhaTaka rahA hai| dhana baTora rahA hai, bhautika upakaraNa jor3a rahA hai| vaha apanA makAna banAtA hai / AlIzAna imArata banAne ke svapna ko mUrtimAna karatA hai / phira makAna sajAtA hai / sophA seTa, kAlIna, vAtAnukUlita vyavasthA, mahaMge parde, prakAza dhvani ke Adhunikatama upakaraNa evaM unake dvArA racita mohaka prabhAva sava kucha acchA lagatA hai / magara parivAra ke sadasyoM ke bIca jo pyAra, vizvAsa panapanA cAhie usakI kamI hotI jA rahI hai / pahile pati-patnI bhAvanA kI DorI se AjIvana baMdhane ke lie pratibaddha rahate the| donoM ko vizvAsa rahatA thA ki ve isI ghara meM AjIvana sAtha-sAtha raheMge / donoM kA sukha-duHkha eka hotA thaa| unakI icchAoM kI dhurI 'sva' na hokara 'parivAra' thii| ve apanI vyaktigata icchAoM ko pUrA karane ke badale apane baccoM evaM parivAra ke anya sadasyoM kI icchAoM kI pUrti meM sahAyaka bananA adhika acchA samajhate the / Aja kI cetanA kSaNika, saMzayapUrNa evaM tAtkAlikatA meM kendrita hokara raha gayI hai| isa kAraNa vyakti apane meM hI simaTatA jA rahA hai / sampUrNa bhautika sukhoM ko akelA bhogane kI dizA meM vyagra manuSya antataH atRpti kA anubhava kara rahA hai| bhautika vijJAnoM ke camatkAroM se bhayAkula cetanA ko hameM AsthA pradAna karanI hai| nirAza evaM saMtrasta manuSya ko AzA evaM vizvAsa kI mazAla thamAnI hai| jina paramparAgata mUlyoM ko tor3a diyA gayA hai una para dubArA vizvAsa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA kyoMki ve avizvasanIya evaM aprAsaMgika ho gaye haiN| paramparAgata mUlyoM kI vikRtiyoM ko naSTa kara denA hI acchA hai| hameM naye yuga 'ko naye jIvana mUlya pradAna karane haiM / isa yuga meM jo bauddhika saMkaTa evaM ulajhaneM paidA huI haiM, hameM samAdhAna kA rAstA DhUMDhanA hai / Aja vijJAna ne hameM gati dI hai, zakti dI hai| lakSya hameM dharma evaM darzana se prApta karane haiN| lakSya vihIna hokara daur3ane se jindagI ko maMjila nahIM milatI / DaoN0 mahAvIra sarana jaina vaijJAnika upalabdhiyoM ke kAraNa jisa zakti kA hamane saMgraha kiyA hai usakA upayoga kisaprakAra ho; gati kA niyojana kisa prakAra ho - yaha Aja ke yuga kI jaTila samasyA hai| isake samAdhAna ke lie hameM dharma evaM darzana kI ora dekhanA hogA / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki dharma hI aisA tattva hai jo mAnava hRdaya kI asIma kAmanAoM ko sImita karane kI kSamatA rakhatA hai, usakI AcArya ratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha 58
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________________ dRSTi ko vyApaka banAtA hai, mana meM udAratA, sahiSNutA evaM prema kI bhAvanA kA vikAsa karatA hai| koI bhI samAja dharmahIna hokara sthita nahIM raha sakatA / samAja kI vyavasthA, zAnti tathA samAja ke sadasyoM meM paraspara prema evaM vizvAsa kA bhAva jagAne ke lie dharma kA pAlana Avazyaka hai| dharma koI sampradAya nahIM hai| dharma kA artha hai-'dhaJ dhAraNe-dhAraNa krnaa| jindagI meM jo hameM dhAraNa karanA cAhie-vahI dharma hai| hameM jina naitika mUlyoM ko jindagI meM utAranA cAhie bahI dharma hai| mana kI kAmanAoM ko niyaMtrita kie binA samAja racanA sambhava nahIM hai / jindagI meM saMyama kI lagAma Avazyaka hai| kAmanAoM ke niyaMtraNa kI zakti yA to dharma meM hai yA zAsana kI kaThora vyavasthA meN| dharma kA anuzAsana 'AtmAnuzAsana' hotA hai| vyakti apane para svayaM niyaMtraNa karatA hai| zAsana kA niyaMtraNa hamAre Upara 'para' kA anuzAsana hotA hai| dUsaroM ke dvArA anuzAsita hone meM hama vivazatA kA anubhava karate haiM, parataMtratA kA bodha karate haiM, ghuTana kI pratIti karate haiM / mArksa ne dharma kI avahelanA kI hai| vAstava meM mArksa ne madhyayugIna dharma ke bAhya ADambaroM kA virodha kiyA hai| jisa samaya mArksa ne dharma ke bAre meM cintana kiyA usa samaya usake cAroM ora dharma kA pAkhaMDa bharA rUpa thaa| mArksa ne isI ko dharma kA paryAya mAna liyaa| vAstava meM dharma to vaha pavitra anuSThAna hai jisase cetanA kA zuddhIkaraNa hotA hai| dharma vaha tattva hai jisase vyakti apane jIvana ko caritArtha kara pAtA hai| dharma dikhAvA nahIM, pradarzana nahIM, rUr3hiyAM nahIM, kisI ke prati ghRNA nahIM, manuSya, manuSya ke bIca bhedabhAva nahIM apitu manuSya meM manuSyatA ke guNoM ke vikAsa kI zakti hai; sArvabhauma cetanA kA satsaMkalpa hai| Aja ke vizva ke liye kisa prakAra kA dharma evaM darzana sArthaka ho sakatA hai ? madhya yuga meM vikasita dharma evaM darzana ke paramparAgata svarUpa evaM dhAraNAoM meM Aja ke vyakti kI AsthA samApta ho cukI hai| isake kAraNa haiN| ___ madhyayugIna cetanA ke kendra meM Izvara' pratiSThita thA / hamArA sArA dharma evaM darzana isI 'Izvara' ke cAroM ora ghUmatA thaa| sampUrNa sRSTi ke kartA, pAlanakartA, saMhArakartA ke rUpa meM hamane parama zakti kI kalpanA kI thii| usI zakti ke avatAra ke rUpa meM, yA usake putra ke rUpa meM yA usake pratinidhi ke rUpa meM hamane Izvara, IsA yA allAha ko mAnA unhIM kI bhakti meM apanI mukti kA maMtra mAna liyA / svarga kI kalpanA, devatAoM kI kalpanA, vartamAna jIvana kI nirarthakatA kA bodha, apane deza evaM apane kAla kI mAyA evaM prapaMcoM se paripUrNa avadhAraNA Adi bAteM hamAre madhyayugIna dharma evaM darzana ke ghaTaka the| vartamAna jIvana kI musIbatoM kA kAraNa hamane apane vigata jIvana ke karmoM ko mAna liyA / vartamAna jIvana meM apane zreSTha AcaraNa dvArA apanI musIbatoM ko kama karane kI tarapha dhyAna kama rhaa| Izvara aura manuSya ke bIca ke bicauliyoM ne manuSya ko sArI musIbatoM, kaSToM, vipadAoM se mukta hokara svarga, bahizta meM mauja kI jindagI bitAne kI rAha dikhAyI aura batAyA ki hamAre mAdhyama se apane ArAdhyoM ke prati tana, mana, dhana se samarpita ho jAo.--pUrNa AsthA, pUrNa vizvAsa, pUrNa niSThA ke sAtha bhakti karo / tarka ko sAdhanA patha kA sabase bar3A zatru mAna liyA gyaa| dharma kI uparyukta dhAraNAyeM Aja TUTa cukI haiN| vijJAna ne hameM duniyA ko samajhane aura jAnane kA tarkavAdI rAstA batAyA hai| vijJAna ne yaha spaSTa kiyA ki yaha vizva kisI kI icchA kA pariNAma nahIM hai| vizva tathA sabhI padArtha kAraNa-kArya bhAva se baddha haiN| bhautika vijJAna ne siddha kiyA hai ki jagat meM kisI padArtha kA nAza nahIM hotA kevala rUpAntara mAtra hotA hai| isa dhAraNA ke kAraNa isa jagat ko paidA karane vAlI zakti kA prazna nahIM utthtaa| jIva ko utpanna karane vAlI zakti kA prazna nahIM utthtaa| vijJAna ne zakti ke saMrakSaNa ke siddhAnta meM vizvAsa jgaayaa| padArtha kI anazvaratA ke siddhAnta kI puSTi kii| samakAlIna pAzcAtya astitvavAdI darzana ne bhI Izvara kA niSedha kiyaa| usane yaha mAnA ki manuSya kA sraSTA Izvara nahIM hai| manuSya vaha hai jo apane Apako banAtA hai| isa prakAra jahAM madhyayugIna cetanA ke kendra meM 'Izvara' pratiSThita thA vahAM Aja kI cetanA ke kendra meM 'manuSya' pratiSThita hai| manuSya hI sAre mUlyoM kA srota hai| vahI sAre mUlyoM kA upAdAna hai| Aja ke manuSya ke lie aisA dharma evaM darzana vyAkhyAyita karanA hogA jo 'IzvaravAdI' nahIM hogA, bhAgyavAdI nahIM hogaa| usake vidhAnAtmaka ghaTaka hoMge--(1) manuSya, (2) karmavAda kI preraNA, (3) sAmAjika smtaa| Aja ke astitvavAdI darzana meM, vijJAna ke dvArA pratipAdita avadhAraNAoM meM tathA sAmyavAdI zAsanavyavasthA meM kucha vicArapratyaya samAna haiN| (1) tInoM IzvaravAdI nahIM haiN| Izvara ke sthAna para manuSya sthApita hai| (2) tInoM bhAgyavAdI nahIM haiN| karmavAdI tathA puruSArthavAdI haiN| (3) tInoM meM manuSya kI jindagI ko sukhI banAne kA saMkalpa hai| jaina tattva cintana : Adhunika saMdarbha 56
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________________ astitvavAdI darzana meM vyaktigata svAtaMtrya para jora hai to sAmyavAdI darzana meM sAmAjika samAnatA pr| ina samAna evaM viSama vicAra-pratyayoM ke AdhAra para kyA naye yuga kA dharma evaM darzana nirmita kiyA jA sakatA hai ? hama dekhate haiM ki vijJAna ne zakti dI hai| astitvavAdI darzana ne svAtaMtrya cetanA pradAna kI hai, sAmyavAda ne viSamatAoM ko kama karAne para bala diyA hai phira bhI vizva meM saMgharSa kI bhAvanA hai, azAnti hai; zastroM kI spardhA evaM hor3a hai, jindagI meM haivAniyata hai| phira yaha saba kyoM? isakA mUla kAraNa hai ki ina tInoM ne saMgharSa ko mUla mAna liyA hai| mArksavAda vargasaMgharSa para AdhArita hai| vijJAna meM jagat, manuSya evaM yaMtra kA saMgharSa hai| astitvavAda vyakti evaM vyakti ke astitva vRttoM ke madhya saMgharSa, bhaya, ghRNA Adi bhAvoM kI udbhAvanA evaM preraNA mAnatA hai| Aja hameM manuSya ko cetanA ke kendra meM pratiSThita kara usake puruSArtha aura viveka ko jAgRta kara, usake mana meM sRSTi ke samasta jIvoM evaM padArthoM ke prati apanatva kA bhAva jagAnA hai| manuSya evaM manuSya ke bIca Atma-tulyatA kI jyoti jagAnI hai jisase paraspara samajhadArI, prema, vizvAsa paidA ho sake / manuSya ko manuSya ke khatare se bacAne ke lie hameM adhunika cetanA sampanna vyakti ko AsthA evaM vizvAsa kA sandeza pradAna karanA hai| prazna uThatA hai ki hamAre darzana evaM dharma kA svarUpa kyA ho? hamArA darzana aisA honA cAhiye jo mAnava mAtra ko santuSTa kara sake, manuSya ke viveka evaM puruSArtha ko jAgRta kara usako zAnti evaM sauhArda kA amogha maMtra de sakane meM sakSama ho / isake liye hameM mAnavIya mUlyoM kI sthApanA karanI hogI, sAmAjika baMdhutva kA vAtAvaraNa nirmita karanA hogA, dUsaroM ko samajhane aura pUrvAgrahoM se rahita manaHsthiti meM apane ko samajhAne ke liye tatpara honA hogA; bhAgyavAda ke sthAna para karmavAda kI pratiSThA karanI hogI; unmukta dRSTi se jIvanopayogI darzana kA nirmANa karanA hogA / dharma evaM darzana kA svarUpa aisA honA cAhiye jo prANImAtra ko prabhAvita kara sake evaM use apane hI prayatnoM ke bala para vikAsa karane kA mArga dikhA ske| aisA darzana nahIM honA cAhie jo AdamI, AdamI ke bIca dIvAreM khar3I karake cle| dharma aura darzana ko Adhunika lokataMtrAtmaka zAsana-vyavasthA ke AdhArabhUta jIvana mUlyoM-svataMtratA, samAnatA, vizva baMdhutva tathA Adhunika vaijJAnika niSkarSoM kA avirodhI honA caahie| jaina darzana : AtmAnusaMdhAna kA darzana : 'jana' sAmpradAyika dRSTi nahIM hai| yaha sampradAyoM se atIta hone kI prakriyA hai| sampradAya meM baMdhana hotA hai| yaha baMdhanoM se mukti hone kA mArga hai| 'jaina' zAzvata jIvana paddhati tathA jar3a evaM cetana ke rahasyoM ko jAnakara AtmAnusaMdhAna kI prakriyA hai| jaina darzana : pratyeka prAtmA kI svataMtratA kI udghoSaNA: bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA- 'purisA ! tumameva tuma mittaM / ' puruSa tU apanA mitra svayam hai / jaina darzana meM AtmA ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana karate hue kahA gayA hai--'appA kattA-vikattA ya duhANa ya suhANa ya' AtmA hI duHkha evaM duHkha kA kartA yA vikartA hai| yAnI koI bAharI zakti Apako niyaMtrita, saMcAlita nahIM karatI, prerita nahIM krtii| Apa svayaM hI apane jIvana ke jJAna se, caritra se uccatama vikAsa kara sakate haiN| yaha eka krAntikArI vicAra hai| isako yadi hama Adhunika jIvana-sandarbho ke anurUpa vyAkhyAyita kara sakeM to nizcita rUpa se vizva ke aise samasta prANI jo dharma aura darzana se nirantara dUra hote jA rahe haiM, inase jur3a sakate haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra kA dUsarA krAntikArI evaM vaijJAnika vicAra yaha hai ki manuSya janma se nahIM apitu AcaraNa se mahAn banatA hai| isa siddhAnta ke AdhAra para unhoMne manuSya samAja kI samasta dIvAroM ko tor3a pheNkaa| Aja bhI manuSya aura manuSya ke bIca khar3I kI gayI jitane prakAra kI dIvAreM haiM, una sArI dIvAroM ko tor3a dene kI AvazyakatA hai / yadi hama yaha mAna lete haiM ki "manuSya janma se nahIM AcaraNa se mahAn banatA hai|" to jo jAtigata viSa hai, samAja kI zAnti meM eka prakAra kA jo jahara ghulA huA hai, usako hama dUra kara sakate haiN| jo par3hA huA varga hai use nizcita rUpa se isako saiddhAntika rUpa se hI nahIM apitu ise apane jIvana meM AcaraNa kI dRSTi se bhI utAranA caahiye| pratyeka vyakti paramAtmA bana sakatA hai: pratyeka vyakti sAdhanA ke AdhAra para itanA vikAsa kara sakatA hai ki devatA loga bhI usako namaskAra karate haiN| 'devA vittaM namaMsanti jassa dhamma smaaynno|' mahAvIra ne Izvara kI parikalpanA nahIM kI; devatAoM ke Age jhukane kI bAta nahIM kI apitu mAnavIya AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha 60
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________________ mahimA kA joradAra samarthana karate hue kahA ki jisa sAdhaka kA mana dharma meM ramaNa karatA hai use devatA bhI namaskAra karate haiM / vyakti apanI hI jIvana-sAdhanA ke dvArA itanA uccastarIya vikAsa kara sakatA hai ki AtmA hI paramAtmA bana sakatI hai| jaina tIrthaMkaroM kA itihAsa evaM unakA jIvana se pRthvI para utarane kA krama nahIM apitu pRthvI se hI AkAza kI ora jAne kA upakrama hai / nArAyaNa kA nara zarIra dhAraNa karanA nahIM hai apitu nara kA hI nArAyaNa bananA hai / ve avatAravAdI paramparA ke poSaka nahIM apitu utAravAdI paramparA ke tIrthaMkara the| unhoMne apane jIvana kI sAdhanA ke dvArA, pratyeka vyakti ko yaha pramANa diyA; use yaha vizvAsa dilAyA ki yadi vaha sAdhanA kara sake, rAga-dveSa ko chor3a sake to koI aisA kAraNa nahIM hai ki vaha pragati na kara ske| jaba pratyeka vyakti pragati kara sakatA hai, apane jJAna aura sAdhanA ke bala para uccatama vikAsa kara sakatA hai aura tattvataH koI kisI kI pragati meM na to bAdhaka hai aura na sAdhaka to phira saMgharSa kA prazna hI kahAM hotA hai ? isa taraha unhoMne eka sAmAjika darzana diyaa| pratyeka jIva meM Atma zakti : sAmAjika samatA evaM ekatA kI dRSTi se zramaNa paramparA kA apratima mahattva hai| isa paramparA meM mAnava ko mAnava ke rUpa meM dekhA gayA hai; varNoM, sampradAyoM, jAti, upajAti, vAdoM kA lebila vipakAkara mAnava-mAnava ko bAMTane vAle darzana ke rUpa meM nahIM / mAnava mahimA kA jitanA joradAra samarthana jaina darzana meM huA hai vaha apratima hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne AtmA kI svataMtratA kI prajAtaMtrAtmaka udghoSaNA kii| unhoMne kahA ki samasta AtmAyeM svataMtra haiN| vivakSita kisI eka dravya tathA usake guNoM evaM paryAyoM kA anya dravya yA usake guNoM aura paryAyoM ke sAtha kisI prakAra kA koI sambandha nahIM hai| isake sAtha-sAtha unhoMne yaha bAta kahI ki svarUpa kI dRSTi se samasta AtmAyeM samAna haiN| astitva kI dRSTi se samasta AtmAyeM svataMtra hai; bhinna-bhinna haiM kintu svarUpa kI dRSTi se samasta AtmAyeM samAna haiN| manuSya mAtra meM Atma-zakti hai| zArIrika evaM mAnasika viSamatAoM kA kAraNa karmoM kA bheda hai| jIvana apane hI kAraNa se saMsArI banA hai aura apane hI kAraNa se mukta hogA / vyavahAra se baMdha aura mokSa ke hetu anya padArtha ko jAnanA cAhie kintu nizcaya se yaha jIva svayaM mokSa kA hetu hai| AtmA apane svayaM ke upAjita karmoM se hI baMdhatI hai / AtmA kA duHkha svakRta hai| pratyeka vyakti apane hI prayAsa se uccatama vikAsa bhI kara sakatA hai| __jaina darzana meM AtmAyeM anantAnanta haiM tathA pariNAmI svarUpa haiM kintu cetanA svarUpa hone ke kAraNa eka jIvAtmA apane rUpa meM rahate hue bhI jJAna ke ananta paryAyoM kA grahaNa kara sakatI hai| svarUpa kI dRSTi se sabhI AtmAyeM samAna haiN| jIva ke sahaja guNa apane mUla rUpa meM sthita rahate haiM / puruSArtha ke pariNAmasvarUpa zuddhi-azuddhi kI mAtrA ghaTatI-bar3hatI rahatI hai| AtmatulyatA tathA sAmAjika samatA : bhagavAna ne samasta jIvoM para maitrIbhAva rakhane evaM samasta saMsAra ko samabhAva se dekhane kA nirdeza diyaa| 'zramaNa' kI vyAkhyA karate hue usakI sArthakatA samasta prANiyoM ke prati samadRSTi rakhane meM btlaayii| samabhAva kI sAdhanA vyakti ko zramaNa banAtI hai / bhagavAn ne kahA ki jAti kI koI vizeSatA nahIM; jAti aura kula se trANa nahIM hotaa| prANI mAtra Atmatulya hai, isa kAraNa prANiyoM ke prati Atmatulya bhAva rakho; Atmatulya samajho, sabake prati maitrI-bhAva rakho, samasta saMsAra ko samabhAva se dekho| samabhAva ke mahattva kA pratipAdana unhoMne yaha kahakara kiyA ki Arya mahApuruSoM ne ise hI dharma kahA hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne bhagavAn mahAvIra ke upadeza ko 'sarvodayatIrtha' kahA hai| AtmatulyatA kI cetanA ke vikAsa hone tathA samabhAva kI ArAdhanA se vyakti sahaja rUpa se dhArmika ho jAtA hai| ahiMsA, aparigraha evaM anekAMtavAda jIvana ke sahaja AcaraNa kI bhUmikAyeM ho jAtI haiN| ahiMsA: jIvana kA vidhAnAtmaka mUlya evaM bhAva daSTi : bhagavAn mahAvIra ne ahiMsA zabda kA vyApaka artha meM prayoga kiyA---mana, vacana, karma se kisI ko pIr3A na denA / yahAM Akara ahiMsA jIvana kA vidhAnAtmaka mUlya bana gyaa|| ___mahAvIra ne ahiMsA ke pratipAdana dvArA vyakti ke citta ko bahuta gahare se prabhAvita kiyaa| unhoMne saMsAra meM prANiyoM ke prati AtmatulyatA-bhAva kI jAgRti kA upadeza diyA, zatru evaM mitra sabhI prANiyoM para samabhAva kI dRSTi rakhane kA zaMkhanAda kiyaa| jaba vyakti sabhI ko samabhAva se dekhatA hai to rAga dveSa kA vinAza ho jAtA hai| usakA citta dhArmika banatA hai| rAgadveSa hInatA dhArmika banane kI prathama sIr3hI hai| isa kAraNa unhoMne kahA ki bhavyAtmAoM ko cAhiye ki vaha samasta saMsAra ko samabhAva se dekheM / kisI ko jaina tattva cintana : Adhunika saMdarbha
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________________ priya aura kisI ko apriya na banAeM / zatru athavA mitra sabhI prANiyoM para samabhAva kI dRSTi rakhanA hI ahiMsA hai| samabhAva evaM AtmatulyatA kI dRSTi kA vikAsa hone para vyakti ahiMsaka apane Apa ho jAtA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki prANI mAtra jIvita rahane kI kAmanA karane vAle haiN| sabako apanA jIvana priya hai / sabhI jIva jInA cAhate haiM, maranA koI nahIM caahtaa| jaba sabhI prANiyoM ko duHkha apriya hai to kisI bhI prANI ko du:kha na pahuMcAnA hI ahiMsA hai / ahiMsA kevala nivRttiparaka sAdhanA nahIM hai, yaha vyakti ko sahI rUpa meM sAmAjika mAnane kA amogha maMtra hai| ahiMsA ke sAtha vyakti kI mAnasikatA kA sambandha hai / isa kAraNa mahAvIra ne kahA ki apramatta AtmA ahiMsaka hai| eka kRSaka apanI kriyA karate hue yadi anajAne meM jIva hiMsA kara bhI detA hai to bhI hiMsA kI bhAvanA usake sAtha jur3atI nahIM hai / bhale hI hama kisI kA vadha na kareM, kintu kisI ke vadha karane ke vicAra ke janmate hI usakA sambandha mAnasikatA se sampRkta ho jAtA hai| isI kAraNa kahA gayA hai ki rAgadveSa kA aprAdurbhAva ahiMsA evaM usakA prAdurbhAva hiMsA hai| hiMsA se pAzavikatA kA janma hotA hai, ahiMsA se mAnavIyatA evaM sAmAjikatA kA / dUsaroM kA aniSTa karane kI nahIM, apane kalyANa ke sAtha-sAtha dUsaroM kA bhI kalyANa karane kI pravRtti ne manuSya ko sAmAjika evaM mAnavIya banAyA hai| prakRti se vaha AdamI hai, naitikatA bodha ke saMskAroM ne usameM mAnavIya bhAvanA kA vikAsa kara usake jIvana ko sArthakatA pradAna kI hai| jaba manuSya pazu jIvana jItA hogA to rAta dina apane astitva ke lie saMgharSa karatA hogaa| zaktimAna nirbala kA vadha kara detA hogaa| vijayI hokara bhI usake jIvana meM anizcayAtmakatA rahatI hogii| jisa dina do vyaktiyoM ne Apasa meM milakara paraspara sadbhAva evaM prema se rahane kI bAta sIkhI usI dina parivAra evaM samAja kI saMracanA kI AdhArazilA taiyAra huii| isa prakAra ahiMsA vyakti ke citta ko sAmAjika banAtI hai| ahiMsA se anuprANita arthataMtra : aparigraha : ahiMsA ke sAtha hI jur3I huI bhAvanAeM haiM-aparigrahavAda evaM anekAMtavAda / parigraha se Asakti evaM mamatA kA janma hotA hai| aparigraha vastuoM ke prati mahattvahInatA kA nAma hai / jaba vyakti ahiMsaka hotA hai, rAgadvApa rahita hotA hai to svayameva aparigrahavAdI ho jAtA hai| usakI jIvana dRSTi badala jAtI hai| bhautika-padArthoM ke prati Asakti samApta ho jAtI hai| ahiMsA kI bhAvanA se prerita vyakti apanI AvazyakatAoM ko usI sImA taka bar3hAtA hai, jisameM kisI anya prANI ke hitoM ko AghAta na phuNce| bahuta adhika utpAdana mAtra karane se hI hamArI sAmAjika samasyAeM nahIM sulajha sktiiN| hameM vyakti ke citta ko andara se badalanA hogaa| usakI kAmanAoM, icchAoM ko sImita karanA hogA tabhI hamArI bahuta sArI sAmAjika samasyAoM ko sulajhAyA jA skegaa| aisA nahIM ho sakatA ki koI sAmAjika prANI sampUrNa padArthoM ko chor3a de| kintu hama apane jIvana ko isa prakAra se DhAla sakate haiM ki padArtha hamAre pAsa raheM kintu unake prati hamArI Asakti na ho, hamArA mamatva na ho| samAja meM icchAoM ko saMyamita karane kI bhAvanA kA vikAsa Avazyaka hai| isake binA manuSya ko zAnti prApta nahIM ho sktii| 'para kalyANa' kI cetanA vyakti kI icchAoM ko lagAma lagAtI hai tathA usameM tyAga karane kI pravRtti evaM aparigrahI bhAvanA kA vikAsa karatI hai| parigraha kI vRtti manuSya ko anudAra banAtI hai usakI mAnavIyatA ko naSTa karatI hai / usakI lAlasA bar3hatI jAtI hai / dhana lipsA evaM artha-lolupatA hI usakA jIvana-lakSya ho jAtA hai| usakI jindagI pAzavika zoSaNatA ke rAste para bar3hanA Arambha kara detI hai| isake duSpariNAmoM ko bhagavAna mahAvIra ne pahacAnA thaa| isI kAraNa unhoMne kahA ki jIva parigraha ke nimitta hiMsA karatA hai, asatya bolatA hai, corI karatA hai, maithuna kA sevana karatA hai aura atyayika mUrchA karatA hai / parigraha ko ghaTAne se hI hiMsA, asatya, asteya evaM kuzIla ina cAroM para roka lagatI hai / parigraha ke parimANa ke lie 'saMyama' kI sAdhanA Avazyaka hai| 'saMyama' pAralaukika Ananda ke lie hI nahIM, isa loka ke jIvana ko sukhI banAne ke lie bhI Avazyaka hai| Adhunika yuga meM pAzcAtya jagat ne svacchaMda yaunAcAra evaM nirbAdha icchA tRpti kI pravRtti ke kAraNa tathA vyakti kI svataMtratA ke siddhAnta ke nAma para jo saMyamahIna AcaraNa kiyA usakA pariNAma kyA huA? jIvana kI lakSyahIna, siddhAntahIna, mUlya vihIna sthiti evaM nirbAdha bhogoM meM nirata samAja kI sthiti kyA hai ? unake pAsa paisA hai, dhana daulata hai, sAdhana haiM kintu phira bhI jIvana meM saMtrAsa, avizvAsa, atRpti, vitRSNA evaM kuMThAyeM haiN| hippI sampradAya kyA isI prakAra kI sAmAjika sthitiyoM kA pariNAma nahIM haiM ? 62 AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha
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________________ vaicArika ahiMsA : anekAntavAda ahiMsaka vyakti AgrahI nahIM hotA / usakA prayatna hotA hai ki vaha dUsaroM kI bhAvanAoM ko Thesa na pahuMcAve / vaha satya kI to khoja karatA hai, kintu usakI kathana zailI meM anAgraha evaM prema hotA hai| anekAMtavAda vyakti ke ahaMkAra ko jhakajhoratA hai| usakI Atyantika dRSTi ke sAmane praznavAcaka cihna lagAtA hai / anekAntavAda yaha sthApanA karatA hai ki pratyeka padArtha meM vividha guNa evaM dharma hote haiM / satya kA sampUrNa sAkSAtkAra sAmAnya vyakti dvArA ekadama sambhava nahIM ho pAtA / apanI sImita dRSTi se dekhane para hameM vastu ke ekAMgI guNa-dharma kA jJAna hotA hai| vibhinna koNoM se dekhane para eka vastu hameM bhinna prakAra kI laga sakatI hai tathA eka sthAna se dekhane para bhI vibhinna dRSTiyoM kI pratItiyAM bhinna ho sakatI haiN| 16 pharavarI, 1980 ko sUryagrahaNa ke avasara para kAla ke eka hI kSaNa bhAratavarSa ke vibhinna sthAnoM para vyaktiyoM ko sUryagrahaNa ke samAna dRzya kI pratIti nahIM huI / kAravAra, rAyacUra evaM purI Adi sthAnoM meM jisa kSaNa sUryagrahaNa huA jisake kAraNa pUrNa aMdherA chA gayA, vahIM bambaI meM sUrya kA 85 pratizata bhAga, dillI meM 58 pratizata bhAga tathA zrInagara meM 47 pratizata bhAga dikhAI nahIM diyaa| bhAratavarSa meM hI sUrya grahaNa ke Arambha evaM samApti ke samaya meM bhI antara rahA / kAravAra meM sUrya grahaNa madhyAhna 2.17.20 baje Arambha huA to bhuvanezvara meM 2.42.15 para tathA kAravAra meM 4.52.10 para samApta huA to bhuvanezvara meM 4.59.35 para / pUrNa sUryagrahaNa kI avadhi rAyacUra meM 2 minaTa 41 sekaMDa rahI to bhuvanezvara meM yaha avadhi kevala 46 sekaMDa kI hI rhii| 'syAdvAda' anekAMtavAda kA samarthaka upAdAna hai; tattvoM ko vyakta kara sakane kI praNAlI hai| satya kathana kI vaijJAnika paddhati hai| mithyA jJAna ke bandhanoM ko dUra karake syAdvAda ne aitihAsika bhUmikA kA nirvAha kiyA, ekAMtika cintana kI sImA btlaayii| AgrahoM ke dAyare meM simaTe hue mAnava kI andherI koTharI ko anekAMtavAda ke ananta lakSaNa sampanna satya-prakAza se Alokita kiyA jA sakatA hai| Agraha evaM asahiSNutA ke baMda daravAjoM ko syAdvAda ke dvArA kholakara ahiMsAvAdI rUpa meM vividha dRSTiyoM evam sandarbho se unmukta vicAra karane kI preraNA pradAna kI jA sakatI hai| yadi hama prajAtaMtrAtmaka yuga meM vaijJAnika paddhati se satya kA sAkSAtkAra karanA cAhate haiM to anekAMta se dRSTi lekara syAdvAdI praNAlI dvArA kara sakate haiM; vicAra ke dharAtala para unmukta cintana tathA anAgraha, prema evaM sahiSNutA kI bhAvanA kA vikAsa kara sakate haiN| ___isa prakAra vizva-dharma ke rUpa meM jaina dharma evaM darzana kI Adhunika yuga meM prAsaMgikatA ko Aja vyAkhyAyita karane kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| yaha manuSya evaM samAja donoM kI samasyAoM kA ahiMsAtmaka samAdhAna hai| yaha darzana Aja kI prajAtaMtrAtmaka zAsana-vyavasthA evaM vaijJAnika sApekSavAdI cintana ke bhI anurUpa hai / AdamI ke bhItara kI azAMti, udvega evaM mAnasika tanAvoM ko yadi dUra karanA hai tathA antataH mAnava ke astitva ko banAye rakhanA hai to jaina darzana evaM dharma kI mAnava kI pratiSThA, pratyeka AtmA kI svataMtratA tathA pratyeka jIva meM Atmazakti kI sthApanA ko vizva ke sAmane rakhanA hogaa| jaina dharma evaM darzana mAnava-mAtra ke lie samAna mAnavIya mUlyoM kI sthApanA karatA hai| sApekSavAdI sAmAjika saMracanAtmaka vyavasthA kA cintana prastuta karatA hai, pUrvAgraha rahita udAra dRSTi se eka-dUsare ko samajhAne aura svayaM ko talAzane-jAnane ke lie anekAntavAdI jIvana-dRSTi pradAna karatA hai, samAja ke pratyeka sadasya ko samAna adhikAra evaM sva-prayatna se vikAsa karane kA sAdhana juTAtA hai / anekAntavAda, satya aura ahiMsA pahale maiM mAnatA thA ki mere virodhI ajJAna meM haiN| Aja maiM virodhiyoM ko pyAra karatA hU~ kyoMki aba maiM apane ko virodhiyoM kI dRSTi se dekha sakatA huuN| merA anekAntavAda, satya aura ahiMsA ina yugala siddhAntoM kA hI pariNAma hai| - mahAtmA gAMdhI, harijana, 21 julAI, 1946 se uddhRta jaina tatva cintana : Adhunika saMdamaM