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________________ vicAra - kaNikA [ ' saMsAra aura dharma ' kI prastAvanA ] yoM to isa saMgrahakA pratyeka lekha gahana hai kintu kucha to aise haiM ki jo bar3e bar3e vidvAn yA vicArakakI bhI buddhi aura samajhakI kasauTI karate haiM / viSaya vividha haiM / dRSTibindu aneka vidha haiM / samAlocanA mUlagAmI hai / ataevaM samasta pustakakA rahasya to samasta lekhoMko par3hakara vicAra kara hI prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai phira bhI donoM lekhakoMke pratyakSa paricaya aura isa pustakake vAcanase maiM jo kucha samajha pAyA hU~ aura jisane mere manapara gaharI chApa jamAI hai usase sambaddha kucha bAtoMkI hI yahA~ carcA karatA hU~ / ( 1 ) dharma aura tattva- cintanakI dizA eka ho tabhI donoM sArthaka bana sakate haiM / ( 2 ) karma aura usake phalakA niyama sirpha vaiyaktika na hokara sAmUhika bhI hai / ( 3 ) mukti karmake viccheda yA cittake vilaya meM nahIM hai kintu donoM kI uttarottara zuddhi hai| (4) mAnavatA ke sadguNoMkA rakSA, puSTi aura vRddhi yahI parama dhyeya hai / - 1 - tattvajJAna arthAt satyazodhanake prayatnoMmeMse phalita hue aura honevAle siddhAnta | dharma arthAt una siddhAntoMke anusaraNadvArA nirmita vaiyaktika aura sAmUhika jIvana vyavahAra / yaha saca hai ki eka hI vyakti yA samUhakI yogyatA aura zakti sadaiva eka sI nahI hotI / ataeva bhUmikA aura adhikAra-bhedake * navajIvana saMghadvArA prakAzita gujarAtI pustaka / lekhaka - zrI kizoralAla mazarUvAlA aura kedAranAthajI /
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________________ vicAra-kaNikA 7 AdhArase dharmameM antara hotA hai / itanA hI nahIM kintu dharmAcaraNameM adhika puruSArtha apekSita honese vaha gatikI dRSTise tattvajJAnase pichar3a bhI jAtA hai / phira bhI yadi donoMkI dizA hI mUlase bhinna ho to tattvajJAna kitanA bhI gaharA tathA saccA kyoM na ho, dharma usake prakAzase vaMcita hI rahegA aura phalasvarUpa mAnavatAkA vikAsa avaruddha ho jAyagA / tattvajJAnakI zuddhi, vRddhi aura paripAka jIvana meM dharmakI pariNatike binA asaMbhava hai / isI prakAra tattvajJAna ke Alamanase zUnya dharma jaDatA aura vahamase mukta nahIM ho sakatA / ataeva donoMmeM dizA-bheda honA ghAtaka hai / isa vastuko ekAdha aitihAsika dRSTAntake dvArA samajhanA sarala hogA / bhAratIya tattvajJAnake tIna yuga spaSTa haiM / prathama yuga AtmavaiSamya ke siddhAntakA dUsarA AtmasamAnatAke siddhAntakA, aura tIsarA AtmAdvaita ke siddhAntakA / prathama siddhAMta ke anusAra mAnA gayA thA ki pratyeka jIva mUlataH samAna nahIM hai / pratyeka svakarmAdhIna hai aura pratyeka karma viSama aura prAyaH viruddha honese tadanusAra hI jIvakI sthiti aura usakA vikAsa saMbhava hai / isI mAnyatA ke AdhArapara brAhmaNa-kAlake janmasiddha dharma aura saMskAra nizcita hue haiN| isameM kisI eka vargakA adhikArI apanI kakSA meM raha kara hI vikAsa kara sakatA hai, usa kakSAse bAhara jAkara varNAzramadharmakA AcaraNa nahIM kara sakatA / indrapada yA rAjyapadakI prApti ke lie amuka dharmakA AcaraNa Avazyaka hai kintu usakA hara koI AcaraNa nahIM kara nahIM sakatA aura na karA sakatA hai / isakA artha yahI hai ki karmakRta vaiSamya svAbhAvika haiM aura jIvagata samAnatA honepara bhI vaha vyavahArya nahIM hai / AtmasamAnatA ke dUsare siddhAntAnusAra ghaTita AcaraNa isase bilkula bhinna hai / usameM kisI bhI adhikArI yA jijJAsuko kisI bhI prakArake karma saMskAra ke dvArA apanA vikAsa karanekA svAtaMtrya hai / usameM AtmaupamyamUlaka ahiMsApradhAna yama-niyamoMke AcaraNapara hI bhAra diyA jAtA hai / usameM karmakRta vaiSamyako avagaNanA nahIM hai kintu samAnatAsiddhi ke prayatnoMke dvArA usake nivAraNapara hI bhAra diyA jAtA hai / AtmAdvaitakA siddhAnta to samAnatA ke siddhAnta se bhI eka kadama Age bar3ha gayA hai / usameM vyakti-vyakti ke bIca koI vAstavika bheda nahIM hai / usa advaitameM to samAnatAkA vyaktibheda bhI lupta ho jAtA hai ataeva usa siddhAnta meM karmasaMskArajanya vaiSabhyako sirpha nivAraNa 165
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________________ 166 dharma aura samAja yogya hI nahIM mAnA kintu use bilkula kAlpanika mAnA gayA hai / kintu hama dekhate haiM ki Atma-samAnatA aura AtmAdvaita ke siddhAntako kaTTaratA se mAnanevAle bhI jIvana-vyavahArameM karmavaiSamyako hI sAhajika aura anivArya mAnakara calate haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki Atma-samAnatAke prati ananya pakSapAta rakhanevAle jaina yA vaise hI dUsare paMthake loga jAtigata ucca-nIcatAko mAno zAzvata mAnakara hI vyavahAra karate haiN| isake kAraNa sparzAsparzakA mAraNAntika vitra samAjameM vyApta ho gayA hai, phira bhI isa bhramase ve mukta nahIM hote / spaSTa hai ki unakA siddhAnta eka dizAmeM hai, aura dharma- jIvana vyavahAra dUsarI dizA meM / yahI sthiti advaita siddhAntakA anusaraNa karanevAloMkI hai / ve dvaitako tanika bhI avakAza na dekara advaitakI to bAteM karate haiM, kintu unakA, yahAM taka ki saMnyAsiyoMkA bhI, AcaraNa dvaita aura karmavaiSamyake anusAra hI hotA hai / pariNAma yaha hai ki tattvajJAnakA vikAsa advaita taka honepara bhI usase bhAratIya jIvanako koI lAbha nahIM huA / ulTA vaha AcaraNakI duniyAmeM pha~sakara chinnabhinna ho gayA hai / yaha eka hI dRSTAnta isa bAtakI siddhike lie paryApta hai ki tattvajJAna aura dharmakI dizA eka honA Avazyaka hai / unnata avanata - 2- acchI burI hAlata, avasthA aura sukhaduH ekI sArvatrika viSamatAkA pUrNarUpase khulAsA kevala IzvaravAda yA brahmabAda meMse milane kA saMbhava nahIM thA, ataeva svAbhAvika rUpase hI parApUrvase prApta vaiyaktika karmaphalakA siddhAnta, manacAhe pragatizIla - vAdako svIkAra kara lenepara bhI - adhikAdhika dRDha hotA gayA / 'jo kare vahI bhoge ' ' pratyekakA bhAgya bhinna hai * 'bove vahI kATe ' ' kATanevAlA aura phala cakhanevAlA eka aura bonevAlA dUsarA, yaha asaMbhava hai ' ye saba khayAlAta kevala vaiyaktika karmaphalake siddhAntake AdhArase rUDha hue aura sAmAnya rUpase prajA - jIvanake pratyeka aMgameM itane gahare dRDhamUla ho gaye ki yadi koI kahatA hai ki 'kisI eka vyaktikA karma kevala usImeM phala yA pariNAma utpanna nahIM karatA kintu usakA asara usa karmakartA vyaktike alAvA sAmUhika jIvanameM bhI jJAta ajJAta rUpase phaila jAtA hai, ' to tathAkathita buddhimAn varga bhI cakita ho jAtA hai aura pratyeka saMpradAya ke vidvAn yA vicAraka usake virodha meM apane zAstrIya pramANoMkA Dhera lagA dete haiM / isa kAraNa karmaphalakA niyama vaiyaktika hone ke sAtha hI
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________________ vicAra - kaNikA 167 sAmUhika bhI hai yA nahIM, aura nahIM hai to kauna-sI asaMgatiyA~ yA anupapattiyA~ upasthita hotI haiM aura aisA ho to usa dRSTise hI samagra mAnava-jIvana ke vyavahArakI racanA karanA cAhie, isa bAtapara koI gaharA vicAra karaneke lie taiyAra nahIM / sAmUhika karmaphalake niyama kI dRSTise zUnya sirpha vaiyaktika : karmaphala- niyamake kAraNa mAnava jIvanake itihAsa meM Aja taka kyA kyA bAdhAe~ AIM aura unakA nivAraNa kisa dRSTise karmaphalakA niyama mAnanepara ho sakatA hai, maiM nahIM jAnatA ki isa viSaya meM kisIne itanA gaharA vicAra kiyA ho / kisI eka bhI prANIke duHkhI honepara maiM sukhI nahIM ho sakatA, jaba taka vizva duHkhamukta na ho taba taka arasika mokSase kyA lAbha 1 yaha mahAyAna - bhAvanA bauddhaparaMparAmeM udita huI thI / isI prakAra pratyeka. saMpradAya sarva jagatake kSema-kalyANakI prArthanA karatA hai aura samasta vizvake sAtha maitrI bar3hAnekI brahmavArtA bhI karatA hai kintu vaha mahAyAnI bhAvanA yA brahmavArtA aMtameM vaiyaktika karmaphalavAda ke hRDha saMskAroMse TakarAkara jIvana meM: adhika upayogI siddha nahIM huI / pUjya kedAranAthajI aura mazarUvAlA donoM karmaphalake niyamako sAmUhika dRSTise socate haiM / mere janmagata aura zAstrIyaH saMskAra vaiyaktika karmaphala- niyamake haiM, isase maiM bhI usI prakAra vicAra karatA thA; kintu jaise jaise usapara gaMbhIratA se vicAra karatA hU~ vaise vaise pratIta hotA haiki karmaphalake niyamake viSaya meM sAmUhika jIvanakI dRSTise hI socanA jarUrI hai aura sAmUhika jIvanakI javAba - dehiyoM ko khayAla meM rakha kara jIvanake: pratyeka vyavahArakI ghaTanA aura AcaraNa honA caahie| jaba vaiyaktika dRSTikA prAdhAnya hotA hai taba tatkAlIna ciMtaka usI dRSTise amuka niyamoMkI racanA karate haiM, isase una niyamoMmeM artha-vistAra saMbhAvita hI nahIM, aisA mAnanA deza-kAlakI maryAdA meM sarvathA baddha ho jAne jaisA hai| jaba sAmUhika jIvanakI dRSTise karmaphalake niyamakI vicAraNA aura ghaTanA hotI hai taba bhI vaiyaktika dRSTi sa nahIM ho jAtI / ulTA sAmUhika jIvanameM vaiyaktika jIvana pUrNarUpase samAviSTa ho jAne se vaiyaktika dRSTi sAmUhika dRSTi taka vistRta aura adhika zuddha hotI hai / karmaphalake niyamakI saccI AtmA to yahI hai ki koI bhI karma niSphala nahIM hotA aura koI bhI pariNAma binA kAraNa nahIM hotA / jaisA pariNAma vaisA hI usakA kAraNa honA caahie| acchA pariNAma cAhanevAlA yadi acchA karma
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________________ 168 dharma aura samAja na kare, to vaha vaisA pariNAma prApta nahIM kara sktaa| karma-phala niyamakI isa AtmAkA sAmUhika dRSTise karma-phalako ghaTAne para bhI lopa nahIM hotaa| sirpha vaha vaiyaktika sImAke bandhanase mukta hokara jIvana vyavahArakI ghaTanAmeM sahAyaka hotA hai| Atma-samAnatAke siddhAntAnusAra yA AtmAdvaitake siddhAntAnusAra kisI bhI prakArase soceM, eka bAta sunizcita hai ki koI bhI vyakti samUhase *sarvathA bhinna nahIM hai, raha bhI nahIM sakatA / eka vyaktike jIvana-itihAsake sudIrgha paTapara dRSTi DAlakara soceM; to zIghra spaSTa ho jAyagA ki usameM pUrvakAlake ekatra hue aura vartamAnake naye saMskAroMmeM sAkSAta yA paraMparAse anya asaMkhya vyaktiyoMke saMskAra bhI kAraNa haiM aura vaha vyakti bhI jina saMskAroMkA nirmANa karatA hai ve sirpha usI taka maryAdita nahIM rahate kintu anya vyaktiyoMmeM bhI sAkSAt yA paraMparAse saMkrAnta hote rahate haiM / vastutaH samUha yA samaSTi yaha vyakti yA vyaSTikA pUrNa jor3a hai| ___ yadi pratyeka vyakti apane karma aura phalake lie pUrNa rUpase uttaradAyI ho aura anya vyaktiyoMse atyanta svatantra honese usake zreya azreyakA vicAra usIke adhIna ho, to phira sAmUhika jIvanakA kyA artha hogA ? kyoMki bilkula bhinna, svatantra aura pArasparika asarase mukta vyaktiyoMkA sAmUhika jIvanameM praveza to kevala Akasmika ghaTanA hI mAnanI hogI / yadi sAmUhika jIvanase vaiyaktika jIvana atyanta bhinna saMbhavita nahIM hai aisA anubhavase siddha hai, to tatvajJAna bhI usI anubhavake AdhArapara pratipAdana karatA hai ki vyakti vyaktike bIca kitanA hI bheda kyoM na dIkhatA ho phira bhI pratyeka vyakti kisI aise eka jIvanasUtrase otaprota hai ki usIke dvArA ve sabhI vyakti ApasameM saMkalita hai / yadi vastusthiti aisI hai to karmaphalake niyamakA bhI vicAra aura usakI ghaTanA isI dRSTi se honI cAhie / aba taka AdhyAtmika zreyakA vicAra bhI pratyeka saMpradAyameM vaiyaktika dRSTise hI huA hai| cyAvahArika lAbhAlAbhakA vicAra bhI usI dRSTise huA hai / isake kAraNa jisa sAmUhika jIvanake binA hamArA kAma nahIM calatA, usako lakSya karake zreya yA preyakA maulika vicAra yA AcArakA nirmANa hI nahIM ho pAyA hai| sAmUhika kalyANArtha banAI jAnevAlI yojanAe~ isI lie yA to pada pada para bhagna ho jAtI haiM yA nirbala hokara khaTAImeM par3a jAtI haiM /
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________________ vicAra - kaNikA vizva zAntikA siddhAnta nizcita hotA hai kintu usakA himAyatI pratyeka rASTra phira vaiyaktika dRSTise hI socane laga jAtA hai / isIse na to vizva-zAMti siddha hotI hai aura na rASTrIya unnati sthiratAko prApta hotI hai / yahI nyAya pratyeka samAjameM lAgU hotA hai / kintu yadi sAmUhika jIvanakI vizAla aura akhaNDa dRSTikA unmeSa kiyA jAya aura usI dRSTi ke anusAra pratyeka vyakti apanI jabAvadehIkI maryAdAko vikasita kare, to usake hitAhitakI dUsaroMke hitAhitoMse Takkara nahIM hogI aura jahA~ vaiyaktika hAni dIkhatI hogI vahA~ bhI sAmUhika jIvanake lAbhakI dRSTi use saMtoSa degI / usakA kartavya-kSetra vistRta ho jAnese usake sambandha bhI vyApaka bana jAyeMge aura vaha apanemeM eka 'bhUmA' kA sAkSAtkAra karegA / 3 - duHkhase mukta honeke vicArameMse hI usake kAraNabhUta karmase mukta hone kA vicAra sphurita huA / aisA mAnA gayA ki karma, pravRtti thA jIvanavyavahArakA uttaradAyitva svataH hI bandhanarUpa hai / usakA astitva jaba taka hai, taba taka pUrNa mukti saMbhava hI nahIM / isa dhAraNA meMse karmamAtrakI nivRttike vicArameMse zramaNa-paraMparAkA anagAramArga aura saMnyAsa - paramparAkA varNa-karmadharmasaMnyAsa phalita huA / kintu usameM jo vicAra-doSa thA vaha zanaiH zanaiH sAmUhika jIvanakI nirbalatA aura bina-jabAvadehIke dvArA prakaTa huA / jo anagAra hue yA jinhoMne varNa-karma-dharmakA tyAga kiyA, unheM bhI jInA to thA hI / huA yaha ki unakA jIvana adhika mAtrA meM parAvalambI aura kRtrima ho gayA / sAmUhika jIvanake baMdhana TUTane aura asta-vyasta hone lage / isa anubhavase sIkha milI ki kevala karma baMdhana nahIM hai kintu usameM rahanevAlI tRSNAvRtti yA dRSTikI saMkucitatA aura cittakI azuddhi hI bandhanarUpa hai / inhIMse duHkha hotA hai / isI anubhavakA nicor3a hai anAsakta karmavAda ke pratipAdana meM / isa pustaka ke lekhakoMne usameM saMzodhana karake karmazuddhikA uttarottara prakarSa siddha karane ko hI mahattva diyA hai aura usImeM muktikA sAkSAkAra karanekA pratipAdana kiyA hai / pA~va meM suI ghusa jAya to nikAla kara pheMka denevAleko sAmAnya rUpase koI burA nahIM kahegA / kintu jaba suI phaiMkanevAlA punaH soneke lie yA anya prayojanase naI suI kI talAza karegA aura na milanepara adhIra hokara duHkhakA anubhava karegA, taba buddhimAna manuSya usase avazya kahegA ki tumase bhUla huI 169
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________________ dharma aura samAja hai / suIkA nikAlanA to ThIka hai kyoMki vaha asthAna meM thI / kintu yadi usakI bhI jIvana meM AvazyakatA hai, to use pheMka denA avazya bhUla hai / yathAvat upayoga karaneke lie yogyarUpase usakA saMgraha kara rakhanA hI pA~vameMse suI nikAlane kA ThIka prayojana hai / jo nyAya suIke lie hai, vahI nyAya sAmUhika karmake lie hai / sirpha vaiyaktika dRSTise jInA sAmUhika jIvanakI dRSTi meM suI bhoMkane jaisA hai / usa suIko nikAla kara usakA yathAvat upayoga karanekA matalaba hai sAmUhika jIvanakI javAbadehI samajhapUrvaka svIkAra karake jInA / aisA jIvana vyaktike lie jIvana- mukti hai / jaise jaise pratyeka vyakti. apanI vAsanAzuddhike dvArA sAmUhika jIvanake mailako kama karatA rahegA, vaise vaise sAmUhika jIvana vizeSa rUpase duHkhamukta hotA jAyagA / isa prakAra vicAra karanese karma hI dharma pratIta hogA / amuka phala arthAt rasake alAvA chAla bhI / yadi chAla na ho, to rasa Tika nahIM sakatA aura binA rasakI chAla bhI phala nahIM / isI prakAra dharma to karmakA rasa hai aura karma kevala dharmakI chAla hai| donoM jaba yathAvat saMmizrita hoM, tabhI jIvana - phala prakaTa ho sakatA hai / karmarUpa Alambanake binA vaiyaktika aura sAmUhika jIvanakI zuddhirUpa dharma rahegA kahA~ ? aura yadi aisI zuddhi na ho to usa karmakA chAlase adhika mUlya bhI kyA hogA ? isa prakArakA dharma-karma vicAra ina lekhoMmeM otaprota hai / vizeSatA yaha hai ki lekhakoMne muktikI bhAvanAkA bhI vicAra sAmudAyika jIvanakI dRSTise kiyA hai aura saMgati baiThAI hai / 170 karma pravRttiyA~ nAnA prakArakI haiM / kintu una sabakA mUla cittameM hai / kabhI yogiyoMne nirNaya kiyA ki jaba taka citta hai taba taka vikalpa udbhUta hote raheMge aura vikalpoM ke honese zAMtikA anubhava nahIM hogA / ataeva 'mUle kuThAraH ' ke nyAyase ve cittake vilaya karaneko ho pravRtta ho gaye aura kaI logoMne mAna liyA ki citta-vilaya hI mukti hai aura vahI parama sAdhya hai / mAnavatAke vikAsakA vicAra to isameM upekSita-sA hI raha gayA / yaha bhI karmako bandhana mAnakara usake tyAgake jaisI hI bhUla thI / ukta vicAra meM anya vicArakoMne saMzodhana kiyA ki vittavilaya mukti nahIM hai kintu cittazuddhi hI zaktikA mArga honese mukti hai / kintu sirpha vaiyaktika cittakI zuddhiko pUrNa mukti mAna lenA adhUrA vicAra hai / sAmUhika cittakI zuddhi bar3hAte jAnA hI
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________________ vicAra-kaNikA 172 vaiyaktika citta-zuddhikA Adarza honA cAhie / aura yadi vaha ho, to kisI sthAnAntara yA lokAntarameM mukti-dhAma mAnane yA kalpita karanekI tanika bhI AvazyakatA nhiiN| vaisA dhAma to sAmUhika cittakI zuddhimeM apanI zuddhikI dena denA hI hai| 4-pratyeka saMpradAyameM sarvabhUtahitako mahatva diyA gayA hai| kintu vyavahArameM mAnava-samAjake bhI hitakA pUrNarUpase AcaraNa muzkilase dIkhatA hai / ataeva prazna yaha hai ki mukhya lakSya kauna-sI dizAmeM aura kisa dhyeyakI ora denA cAhie / prastutameM donoM lekhakoMkI vicArasaraNI spaSTa rUpase prathama mAnavatAke vikAsakI ora lakSya dene aura tadanusAra hI jIvana jInekI ora saMketa karatI hai| mAnavatAke vikAsakA matalaba hai mAnavatAne Aja taka jina sadguNoMkI jitanI mAtrAmeM siddhi kI hai unakI pUrNarUpase rakSA karanA aura tadvArA unhIM sadguNoMmeM adhika saMzuddhi lAnA aura naye sadguNoMkA vikAsa karanA, jisase ki mAnava-mAnavake bIca dvandva aura satrutAke tAmasa-bala prakaTa na ho skeN| jitane pramANameM isa prakAra mAnavatA-vikAsakA dhyeya siddha hogA utane hI pramANameM samAja-jIvana saMvAdI aura ekatAna bnegaa| isakA prAsaMgika phala sarvabhUtahita hI hogaa| ataeva pratyeka sAdhakake prayatnakI mukhya dizA mAnavatAke vikAsa kI hI honI cAhie / yaha siddhAnta bhI sAmUhika jIvanakI dRSTise karma-phalakA niyama ghaTita karaneke vicAra se hI phalita hotA hai / / ukta vicArasaraNIse gRhasthAzramako kendrameM rakhakara sAmudAyika jIvanake sAtha vaiyaktika jIvanakA sumela rakhanekI sUcanA milatI hai / gRhasthAzramameM hI zeSa sabhI AzramoMke sadguNoMko siddha karanekA avasara mila jAtA hai| kyoMki tadanusAra gRhasthAzramakA Adarza hI isa prakArase badala jAtA hai ki vaha kevala bhogakA dhAma na raha kara bhoga aura yogake sumelakA dhAma bana jAtA hai / ataeva gRhasthAzramase vicchinna rUpameM anya AzramoMkA vicAra prApta nahIM hotA / gRhasthAzrama hI caturAzramake samagra jIvanakA pratIka bana jAtA hai| yahI vastu naisargika bhI hai|