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________________ vIra-zAsana aura usakA mahattva vIra-zAsana antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna vIrane Ajase 2498 varSa pUrva vihAra prAntake vipulAcala parvatapara sthita hokara zrAvaNa kRSNA pratipadAkI puNyavelAmeM, jaba sUryakA udaya prAcIse ho rahA thA, saMsAra ke saMtapta prANiyoMke saMtApako dUrakara unheM parama zAnti pradAna karanevAlA dharmopadeza diyA thaa| unake dharmopadezakA yaha prathama dina thA / isake bAda bhI lagAtAra unhoMne tIsa varSa taka aneka deza-dezAntaroMmeM vihAra karake pathabhraSToMko satpathakA pradarzana karAyA thA, unheM sanmArga para lagAyA thA / usa samaya jo mahAn ajJAna-tama sarvatra phailA huA thA, use apane amRta-maya upadezoM dvArA dUra kiyA thA, logoMkI bhUloMko apanI divya vANI se batAkara unheM tattvapatha grahaNa karAyA thA, samyakadRSTi banAyA thaa| unake upadeza hamezA dayA evaM ahiMsA se -prota huA karate the / yahI kAraNa thA ki usa samayakI hiMsAmaya sthiti ahiMsAmeM pariNata ho gayI thI aura yahI vajaha thI ki indrabhUti jaise kaTTara vaidika brAhmaNa vidvAn bhI, jinheM bAdako bhagavAna vIrake upadezoM ke saMkalanakartA - mukhya gaNadhara takake padakA gaurava prApta huA hai, unake upAzraya meM Aye aura antameM unhoMne muktiko prApta kiyA / isa taraha bhagavAna vIrane avaziSTa tIsa varSake jIvana meM saMkhyAtIta prANiyoMkA uddhAra kiyA aura jagatako parama hitakAraka sacce dharmakA upadeza diyaa| vIrakA yaha saba divya upadeza 'vIrazAsana' yA 'vIratIrtha' hai aura isa tIrthako calAne pravRtta karaneke kAraNa hI ve 'tIrthaMkara' kahe jAte haiM / vartamAna meM unhIM kA zAsana - tIrtha cala rahA hai / yaha vIra-zAsana kyA hai ? usake mahattvapUrNa siddhAnta kaunase haiM ? aura usameM kyA-kyA ullekhanIya vizeSatAyeM haiM ? ina bAtoMse bahuta kama sajjana avagata haiM / ataH inhIM bAtoMpara saMkSepa meM kucha vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / samantabhadra svAmIne, jo mahAn tArkika evaM parIkSApradhAnI prasiddha jaina AcArya the aura jo Ajase lagabhaga 1800 varSaM pUrva ho cuke haiM, bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unake zAsanakI sayuktika parIkSA evaM jA~ca kI hai - 'yuktimadvacana' athavA 'yuktizAstrAvirodhivacana' aura 'nirdoSatA' kI kasauTIpara unheM aura unake zAsanako khUba kasA hai | jaba unakI parIkSA meM bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA zAsana sauTaMcI svarNakI taraha ThIka sAbita huye tabhI unheM apanAyA hai| itanA hI nahIM, kintu bhagavAn vIra aura unake zAsanakI parIkSA karane ke liye anya parIkSakoM tathA vicArakoMko bhI Amantrita kiyA hai- niSpakSa vicArake liye khulA nimaMtraNa diyA hai / samantabhadra svAmI ke aise kucha parIkSA vAkya thor3e-se UhApohake sAtha nIce diye jAte haiM : devAgamanabhoyAnacAmarAdivibhUtayaH / mAyAviSvapi dRzyante nAtastvamasi no mahAn // AptamImAMsA 1 / 1. yuktyanuzAsana, kA0 63 | - 155 -
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________________ 'he vIra ? devoMkA AnA, AkAzameM calanA, camara, chatra, siMhAsana Adi vibhUtiyoMkA honA to mAyAviyoM-indrajAliyoMmeM bhI dekhA jAtA hai, isa vajahase Apa hamAre mahAn-pUjya nahIM ho sakate aura na ina bAtoMse ApakI koI mahattA yA bar3AI hai| samantabhadra svAmIne aise aneka parIkSA-vAkyoM dvArA unakI aura unake zAsanakI parIkSA kI hai, jinakA kathana sUtrarUpase Apta-mImAMsAmeM diyA huA hai| parIkSA karaneke bAda unheM unameM mahattAkI jo bAta milI hai aura jisake kAraNa bhagavAna vIrako 'mahAn' tathA unake zAsanako 'advitIya' mAnA hai / vaha yaha hai : tvaM zuddhi-zaktayorudayasya kASThAM, tulAvyatItAM jina shaantiruupaam| avApitha brahmapathasya netA. mahAnitIyatprativaktamIzAH / / yuktyanuzAsana 4 / 'he jina ! Apane zuddhike-jJAnAvaraNa aura darzanAvaraNakarmake kSayase utpanna AtmIya jJAna-darzanake tathA zaktike-vIryAntarAyakarmake kSayase utpanna Atmabalake-parama prakarSako prApta kiyA hai-Apa anantadarzana, anantajJAna aura anantavIryake dhanI hai / sAtha hI anupama evaM aparimeya zAntirUpatAko-anantasukhako bhI prApta haiM, isIse Apa 'brahmapatha' ke-mokSamArgake-netA haiM aura isIlie Apa mahAna hai-pUjya haiM / aisA hama kahane-siddha karaneke lie samartha haiN|' samantabhadra vIrazAsanako advitIya batalAte hae likhate haiM : dayA-dama-tyAga-samAdhi-niSThaM, nayapramANaprakRtAJjasArtham / adhRSyamanyairakhilaH pravAjina tvadIyaM matamadvitIyam / / -yuktyanuzAsana 'he vIra jina ! ApakA mata-zAsana naya aura pramANoMke dvArA vastutattvako bilakula spaSTa karane vAlA hai aura anya samasta ekAntavAdiyoMse abAdhya hai--akhaMDanIya hai, sAthameM dayA-ahiMsA, dama-indriyanigraharUpa saMyama, tyAga-dAna athavA samasta parigrahakA parityAga aura samAdhi-prazasta dhyAna ina cAroMkI tatparatAko liye huye hai, isalie vaha 'advitIya' hai| dayAke binA dama-saMyama nahIM bana sakatA aura saMyamake binA tyAga nahIM aura tyAgake binA samAdhi-prazasta dhyAna nahIM ho sakatA, isIse vIrazAsanameM dayA-ahiMsAko pradhAna sthAna prApta hai| 'vIra-zAsana' kI isa mahattAko batalAneke bAda samantabhadra use 'sarvodayatIrtha' bhI batalAte haiM sarvAntavattadguNamukhyakalpaM sarvAntazunyaM ca mitho'napekSam / sarvApadAmantakaraM nirantaM sarvodayaM tIrthamidaM tavaiva // yuktyanuzAsana 'he vIra ! ApakA tIrtha-zAsana athavA paramAgama-dvAdazAGgazruta-samasta dharmoM vAlA hai aura mukhya gauNakI apekSA samasta dharmoMkI vyavasthAse yukta hai-eka dharmake pradhAna honepara anya bAkI dharma gauNa mAtra ho jAte haiM-unakA abhAva nahIM hotaa| kintu ekAntavAdiyoMkA AgamavAkya athavA zAsana paraspara nirapekSa honese saba dharmoM vAlA nahIM hai-unake yahA~ dharmoM meM paraspara apekSA na honese dUsare dharmoMkA abhAva ho jAtA hai aura unake abhAva ho jAnepara usa avinAbhAvI abhipreta dharmakA bhI abhAva ho jAtA hai| isa taraha ekAntameM na vAcyatattva hI banatA hai aura na vAcakatattva hii| aura isalie he vIra jinendra ! parasparakI apekSA rakhaneke kAraNa-anekAntamaya hone ke kAraNa-ApakA hI tIrtha-zAsana sampUrNa ApadAoMkA anta karane vAlA hai aura svayaM niraMta hai-aMtarahita avinAzI hai tathA sarvodayarUpa hai-samasta abhyudayoM - 156 -
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________________ AdhyAtmika aura bhautika vibhUtiyoMkA kAraNa hai| tathA sarva prANiyoMke abhyudaya - abhyutthAnakA hetu hai / samantabhadra ke ina vAkyoMse yaha bhale prakAra spaSTa ho jAtA ki vastutaH 'vIra zAsana' sarvodaya tIrtha kahalAne ke yogya hai / usameM ve vizeSatAe~ evaM mahattAyeM haiM, jo Aja vizvake lie vIrazAsanakI dena kahI jAtI haiM yA kahI jA sakatI haiM / yahA~ ve vizeSatAyeM bhI kucha nimna prakAra ullikhita haiM vIrazAsanakI vizeSatAe~ 1 ahiMsAvAda, 2 sAmyavAda 3 syAdvAda aura 4 karmavAda / inake alAvA vIrazAsanameM aura bhI bAda haiM- AtmavAda, jJAnavAda, cAritravAda, darzanavAda, pramANavAda, nayavAda, parigrahaparimANavAda, prameyavAda Adi / kintu una sabakA ullikhita cAra vAdoM meM hI prAyaH antarbhAva ho jAtA hai / pramANavAda aura nayavAdake hI nAmAntara haiM aura inakA tathA prameyavAdakA syAdvAda ke sAtha sambandha honese syAdvAda meM aura bAkIkA ahiMsAvAda tathA sAmyavAdameM antarbhAva ho jAtA hai / 1. ahiMsAvAda 'svayaM jiyo aura jIno do' kI zikSA bhagavAn mahAvIrane isa ahiMsAvAda dvArA dI thii| jo parama AtmA, paramabrahma, paramasukhI honA cAhatA hai use ahiMsAkI upAsanA karanI cAhiye - use apane samAna hI sabako dekhanA cAhiye - apanA ahiMsaka AcaraNa banAnA cAhiye / manuSya meM jaba taka hiMsaka vRtti rahatI hai taba taka AtmaguNoM kA vikAsa nahIM ho pAtA -- vaha vRHkhI, azAnta banA rahatA | ahiMsakakA jIvamAtra mitra bana jAtA hai - sarva varakA tyAga karake jAtivirodhI jIva bhI usake Azraya meM Apasa meM hilamila jAte haiM / krodha, dambha, dveSa garva, lobha Adi ye saba hisAkI vRttiyA~ haiM / ye sacce ahiMsaka ke pAsa meM nahIM phaTaka pAtI haiN| ahiMsaka ko kabhI bhaya nahIM hotA, vaha nirbhIkatA ke sAtha upasthita paristhitikA sAmanA karatA hai, kAyaratAse kabhI palAyana nahIM karatA / ahiMsA kAyaroM kA dharma nahIM hai vaha to vIroMkA dharma hai / kAyaratAkA hiMsA ke sAtha aura vIratAkA ahiMsA ke sAtha sambandha hai / zArIrika balakA nAma vIratA nahIM, AtmabalakA nAma vIratA hai / jisakA jitanA adhika Atmabala vikasita hogA vaha utanA hI adhika vIra aura ahiMsaka hogA / zArIrika bala kadAcita hI saphala hotA dekhA gayA hai, lekina sUkhI haDDiyoM vAlekA bhI Atmabala vijayI aura amogha rahA hai | ataH ahiMsA para kAyaratAkA lAMchana lagAnA nirAdhAra hai| bhagavAn mahAvIrane vaha ahiMsA do prakArako varNita kI hai-- gRhasthakI ahiMsA, 2 sAdhukI ahiMsA / gRhastha-ahiMsA gRhastha cAra taraha kI hiMsAoM - ArambhI, udyogI, virodhI aura saMkalpImeM-- kevala saMkalpI hiMsAkA tyAgI hotA hai, bAkIkI tIna tarahakI hiMsAoM kA tyAgI vaha nahIM hotaa| isakA matalaba yaha nahIM hai ki vaha ina tIna taraha kI hiMsAoM meM asAvadhAna banakara pravRtta rahatA hai, nahIM, AtmarakSA, jIvananirvAha Adike liye jitanI anivArya hiMsA hogI vaha use karegA, phira bhI vaha apanI pravRtti hamezA sAvadhAnI se karegA / usakA vyavahAra hamezA naitika hogaa| yahI gRhasthadharma hai, anya kriyAe~- AcaraNa to isIke pAlana dRSTibindu haiM / sAdhu-ahiMsA sAdhukI ahiMsA saba prakArakI hiMsAoMke tyAgameMse udita hotI hai, usakI ahiMsA meM koI vikalpa nahIM hotA / vaha apane jIvanako suvarNake samAna nirmala banAneke lie upadravoM, upasargoM ko sahanazIlatA ke - 157 -
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________________ sAtha sahana karatA hai| nindA karane vAloMpara ruSTa nahIM hotA aura stuti karane vAloMpara prasanna nahIM hotA / vaha sabapara sAmyavRtti rakhatA hai| apaneko pUrNa sAvadhAna rakhatA hai| tAmasI aura rAjasI vRttiyoMse apane Apako bacAye rakhatA hai| mArga calegA to cAra kadama jamIna dekhakara calegAH jIva-jantuoMko bacAtA huA calegA, hita-mita vacana bolegA, jyAdA bakavAda nahIM kregaa| garaja yaha ki jaina sAdhu apanI tamAma pravRtti sAvadhAnIse karatA hai| yaha saba ahiMsAke lie, ahiMsAtattvakI upAsanAke lie 'paramabrahmako prApta karaneke lie 'ahiMsA bhUtAnAM jagati viditaM brahma paramaM' isa samantabhadrokta tattvako hAsila karaneke lie| isa taraha jaina sAdhu apane jIvanako pUrNa ahiMsAmaya banAtA huA, ahiMsAkI sAdhanA karatA huA, jIvanako ahiMsAjanya anupama zAMti pradAna karatA huA, vikArI pudgalase apanA nAtA tor3atA huA, karma-bandhanako kATatA huA, ahiMsAmeM hI-paramabrahmameM hI-zAzvatAnandame hI--nimagna ho jAtA hai---lIna ho jAtA hai--sadAke lie--anantakAlake lie| phira use saMsArakA cakkara nahIM lagAnA pdd'taa| vaha ajara, amara, avinAzI ho jAtA hai| siddha evaM kRtakRtya bana jAtA hai yaha saba ahiMsAke dvArA hI / vIra-zAsanakI jar3a--buniyAda-- AdhAra aura vikAsa ahiMsA hI hai / vartamAnameM jaina samAja isa ahiMsA-tattva ko kucha bhUla-sA gayA hai| isIliye jainetara loga usake bAhyAcArako dekhakara 'jainI ahiMsA', 'vIra ahiMsA', para kAyaratAkA kalaMka mar3hate hue pAye jAte haiM / kyA ho acchA ho, jainI loga apane vyavahArase ahiMsAko vyAvahArika dharma banAye rakhanase sacce arthoMmeM 'jainI' baneM, Atmabala puSTa kareM, sAhasI aura vIra baneM, jitendriya hoveN| unakI ahiMsA kevala civaTI-khaTamala, jeM AdikI rakSA taka hI sImita na ho, jisase dUsare loga hamAre dambhapUrNa vyavahAra-nirA ahiMsAke vyavahArako dekhakara vIra prabhakI mahatI dena-ahiMsApara kalaMka na mar3ha skeN| 2 sAmyavAda yaha ahiMsAkA hI avAntara siddhAnta hai, lekina isa siddhAntakI hamAre jIvaname ahiMsAkI hI bhAMti apanAye jAne kI AvazyakatA honese 'ahiMsAvAda' ke samakakSa isakI gaNanA karanA upayukta hai, kyoMki bhagavAn rake zAsanameM sabake sAtha sAmya-bhAva--sadbhAvanAke sAtha vyavahAra karanekA upadeza hai, anacita rAga aura dveSakA tyAganA, dUsaroM ke sAtha anyAya tathA atyAcArakA bartAva nahIM karanA, nyAyapUrvaka hI apanI AjIvikA sampAdita karanA, dUsaroMke adhikAroMko har3apa nahIM karanA, dUsaroMkI AjIvikA para nukasAna nahIM pahu~cAnA, unako apane jaisA svatantra aura sUkhI rahanekA adhikArI samajhakara unake sAtha 'vasudhaiva kuTambakam'-yathAyogya bhAIcArekA vyavahAra karanA, unake utkarSameM sahAyaka honA, unakA kabhI apakarSa nahIM socanA, jIvanopayogI sAmagrIko svayaM ucita aura Avazyaka rakhanA aura dUsaroMko rakhane denA, saMgraha, lolupatA, cUsanekI vRttikA parityAga karanA hI 'sAmyavAda' kA lakSya hai--sAmyavAdakI zikSAkA mukhya uddezya hai| yadi Aja vizvameM vIraprabhako yaha sAmyavAdakI zikSA prasRta ho jAve to sArA vizva sukhI aura zAMtipUrNa ho jAya / 3 syAdvAda athavA anekAntavAda isako janma denekA mahAna zreya vIrazAsanako hI hai| pratyeka vastuke khare aura khoTe kI jA~ca 'anekAnta dRSTi'-'syAdvAda' kI kasauTopara hI kI jA sakatI hai / cU~ki vastu svayaM anekAntAtmaka hai usako vaisA mAnane meM hI vastUtattvakI vyavasthA hotI hai / syAdvAdake prabhAvase vastuke svarUpa-nirNaya meM pUrA-pUrA prakAza prApta hotA hai aura sakala durnayoM evaM mithyA ekAntoMkA anta ho jAtA hai tathA samanvayakA eka mahAnatama prazasta mArga mila jAtA hai / kucha jainetara vicArakoMne syAdvAdako ThIka taraha se nahIM smjhaa| isIse unhoMne syAdvAdake -158 -
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________________ khaMDa meM kucha dUSaNa diye haiM / zaMkarAcAryane 'ekasminnasaMbhavAt ' dvArA 'eka jagaha do virodhI dharma nahIM bana sakate haiM / ' yaha kahakara syAdvAda meM virodhadUSaNa diyA hai / kinhIM vidvAnoMne ise saMzayavAda, chalavAda kaha diyA hai, kintu vicAranepara usameM isa prakArake koI bhI dUSaNa nahIM Ate haiM / syAdvAdakA prayojana hai yathAvat vastutattvakA jJAna karAnA, usakI ThIka tarahase vyavasthA karanA, aba orase dekhanA aura syAdvAdakA artha hai kathaMcitvAda, dRSTivAda, apekSAvAda, sarvathA ekAntakA tyAga, bhinna-bhinna pahaluoM se vastusvarUpakA nirUpaNa, mukhya aura gauNakI dRSTise padArthakA vicAra' / syAdvAda meM jo 'syAt' zabda hai usakA artha hI yahI hai ki kisI eka apekSAse --- saba prakAra se nahIM - eka dRSTi se -- hai / 'syAt ' zabdakA artha 'zAyada' nahIM hai jaisA ki 'bhAratIya darzanazAstrakA itihAsa' ke lekhaka vidvAnne bhI samajhA hai / ve apanI isa pustaka meM likhate haiM ki 'syAdvAdakA vAcyArtha hai 'zAyadabAda' aMgrejI meM ise 'probebilz2ima' kaha sakate haiM / apane atiraMjitarUpa meM syAdvAda saMdehavAdakA bhAI hai / " isapara aura Age pIcheke jainadarzana sambandhI unake nibandha para AlocanAtmaka svatantra lekha hI likhA jAnA yogya hai / yahA~ to kevala syAdvAdako 'saMdehavAda' kA bhAI samajhane ke vicArakA ciMtana kiyA jAyagA / ukta lekhaka yadi kisI jaina vidvAnse 'syAdvAda' ke 'syAt' zabda ke arthako nibandha likhaneke pahile avagata kara lete to itanI sthUla galatI una jaisoMse - bhAratIyadarzanazAstrakA apaneko adhikArI vidvAn samajhane vAloMse na hotI / jaina vicArakoMne 'syAt' zabdakA jo artha kiyA hai vaha maiM Upara batA AyA hU~, / devarAjavyakti meM aneka sambandha vidyamAna haiM -- kisIkA vaha mAmA hai to kisIkA bhAnajA, kisIkA pitA hai to kisIkA putra, isa taraha usameM kaI sambandha maujUda haiN| mAmA apane bhAnajekI apekSA, pitA apane putra kI apekSA, bhAnajA apane mAmAkI apekSA, putra apane pitAkI apekSAse hai, isa prakAra devarAja meM pitRtva, putratva, mAtulatva, svastrIyatva Adi dharma nizcita rUpa hI haiM - saMdigdha nahIM haiM aura ve hara samaya vidyamAna haiM / 'pitA' kahe jAne ke samaya putrapanA unameMse bhAga nahIM jAtA hai - sirpha gauNa hokara rahatA hai / isI taraha jaba unakA bhAnajA unheM 'mAmA-mAmA' kahatA hai usa samaya ve apane mAmAkI apekSA bhAnaje nahIM miTa jAte -- usa samaya bhAnajApanA unameM gauNamAtra hokara rahatA hai / syAdvAda isa tarahase vastudharmokI gutthiyoM ko sulajhAtA hai-- unakA yathAvat nizcaya karAtA hai - svadravya, kSetra, kAla bhAvakI apekSA hI vastu 'sat'---astitvavAn hai aura paradravya kSetra, kAla, bhAvakI apekSA se hI vastu 'asat' - nAstitvavAn hai Adi sAta bhaGgoM dvArA grahaNa karane yogya aura chor3ane yogya ( gauNa kara dene yogya) padArthoMkA syAdvAda hastAmalakavat nirNaya karA detA hai / saMdeha yA bhramako vaha paidA nahIM karatA hai| balki syAdvAdakA Azraya liye binA vastutattvakA yAthAtathya nirNaya ho hI nahIM sakatA hai / ataH syAdvAdako saMdehavAda samajhanA nitAMta asAdhAraNa bhUla hai / bhinna do apekSAoMse virodhI sarIkhe dIkha rahe ( virodhI nahIM) do dharmoke eka jagaha rahane meM kucha bhI virodha nahIM hai / jahA~ pustaka apanI apekSA astitvadharmavAlI hai vahA~ anya padArthoMkI apekSA nAstitvadharmavAlI bhI hai, para -- niSedhake binA svasvarUpAstitva pratiSThita nahIM ho sakatA hai / ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki syAdvAda meM na virodha hai aura na sandeha jaisA anya koI dUSaNa; vaha to vastunirNayakAtattvajJAnakA advitIya amogha zastra hai, sabala sAdhana hai / vastu cU~ki aneka dharmAtmaka hai aura usakA vyavasthApaka syAdvAda hai isaliye syAdvAdako hI anekAntavAda bhI kahate haiM / kintu 'anekAnta' aura 'syAdvAda' meM vAcya - vAcaka - sambandha hai | 1. AptamImAMsA kA0 104 / 3. 'bhAratIya darzanazAstrakA itihAsa', pR0 135 / - 159 - 2. AptamImAMsA kA0 103 / 4. dekho, AptamImAMsA kA0 15 /
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________________ kaI 4. karmavAda karma jar3a hai, paudgalika hai, usakA jIvake sAtha anAdikAlika sambandha hai| karmakI vajahase hI jIva parAdhIna hai aura sukhaduHkhakA anubhava karatA hai / vaha karmase aneka paryAyoMko dhAraNa karake caturgati saMsArameM ghUmatA haiM / kabhI U~cA bana jAtA hai to kabhI nIcA, daridra hotA hai to kabhI amIra, murkha hotA hai to kabhI vidvAna, andhA hotA hai to kabhI bahirA, laMgar3A hotA hai to kabhI baunA, isa taraha zubhAzubha karmoMkI badaulata duniyAke raMgamaMcapara naTakI taraha anekoM bheSoMko dhAraNa karatA hai-anaginata paryAyoMmeM upajatA aura maratA hai| yaha saba karmakI viDambanA-karmakI prapaJcanA hai| vIrazAsanameM karmake mUla aura uttarabheda aura unake bhI bhedoMkA bahuta hI sundara, sUkSma, vizada vivecana kiyA hai| baMdha, baMdhaka, bandhya aura bandhanIya tattvoMpara gaharA vicAra kiyA hai / jIva kaise aura kaba karmabaMdha karatA hai ina sabhI bAtoMkA citana kiyA gayA hai / karmavAdase hameM zikSA milatI hai ki hama svayaM U~ce uTha sakate haiM aura svayaM ho nIce gira sakate haiM / vIrazAsanameM jIvAdi sAta tattvoM, samyakdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritrarUpa mokSamArga aura pramANa, naya. nikSepa Adi upAyatattvoMkA bhI bahuta hI sambaddha evaM saMgata, vizada vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai / pramANake do (pratyakSa aura parokSa) bheda karake unhIM meM anya saba pramANoMke antarbhAvakI vibhAvanA ki evaM yuktipUrNa DhaMgase kI gaI hai, vaha eka niSpakSa vicArakako AkarSita kiye binA nahIM rahatI hai| nayavAda to jaina darzanakI anyatama mahattvapUrNa dena hai| vastuke aMzajJAnako naya kahate haiN| ve naya aneka haiN| vastuke bhinna-bhinna aMzoMko grahaNa karane vAle naya hI hai / jJAtAko hamezA pramANa-dRSTi nahIM rahatI hai| kabhI usakA vastuke kisI khAsa dharmako hI jAnanekA abhiprAya hotA hai, usa samaya usakI naya-dRSTi hotI hai aura isIliye jJAtA ke abhiprAyako jaina darzanameM naya mAnA hai| cUMki vaktAko vacana pravRtti bhI kramazaH hotI hai-vacanoM dvArA vaha eka aMzakA hI prativacana kara sakatA hai / isaliye vaktAke vacana-vyavahArako bhI jainadarzanameM 'naya' mAnA hai| ataeva jJAnAtmaka aura vacanAtmakarUpase athavA jJAnanaya aura zabdanayake bhedase naya vaNita haiN| isa taraha vIrazAsana vaijJAnika evaM tAttvika zAsana hai| usake ahiMsA, syAdvAda jaise vizvapriya siddhAntoMse usakI upayogitA evaM AvazyakatA bhI adhika prakaTa hotI hai| vIrazAsanake anuyAyI hama jainoMkA parama kartavya hai ki bhagavAn vIrake dvArA upadezita unake 'sarvodaya tIrtha' ko vizvameM camatkRta kareM aura unake pavitra siddhAntoMkA svayaM ThIka taraha pAlana kareM tathA dUsaroMko pAlana karAveM aura unake zAsanakA prasAra kreN| -160 -