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________________ vartamAna saMdarbha meM zAkAhAra kI upAdeyatA . zrImatI kiraNa siroliyA "jaisA khAye anna vaisA hoya mana* ye kahAvata jaga prasiddha hai| isI prakAra aMgrejI meM bhI kahAvata hai ki "yU Ara, vhATa yU ITa" arthAt Apa vaha hai, jo khAte hai| ye kahAvateM isa tathya ko ujAgara karatI hai ki bhojana ke anurUpa vyakti kA vyaktitva evaM usake svabhAva kA nirmANa hotA hai| sarala sAtvika jIvana, krodhapUrNa tAmasika pravRttiyAM, krUra-asahaja vyavahAra, ye saba bhojana ke svarUpa evaM usake prakAra para nirbhara karate hai| rAghavendra svAmI maTha ke zrI sujayendra tIrtha ne kahA ki sAtvika hone ke lie sAtvika bhojana apekSita hai aura usake lie nirAmiSa AhAra Avazyaka hai| nirAmiSa AhAra kA artha itanA hI nahIM hai ki hameM AhAra se AmiSa-bhojana kA tyAga kare, lekina hamAre mana meM amaitrI kA bhAva ho, hamAre vyavahAra meM zoSaNa pratiSThita ho aura hamAre vacana meM harSa aura kaTutA ho| jisa prakAra eka ora cInI ko pAnI khilAnA yA machaliyoM ko tAlAba meM dAnA denA tathA dUsarI ora behicaka munAphAkhorI, jamAkhorI aura zoSaNa karanA ahiMsA kA parihAsa hai, usI prakAra eka tarapha nirAmiSa AhAra kA vrata lenA tathA dUsarI tarapha prapaMca, vizvAsaghAta aura viSamatA meM lage rahanA pAkhaMDa hai| nirAmiSa AhAra kA darzana hai - maitrIbhAva nirAmiSa AhAra kevala AhAra kI hI eka zailI nahIM hai| vaha jIvana kI bhI zailI hai, jisakA AdhAra hai ki isa pRthvI para Izvara-kRta prANiyoM se prema kare aura unheM mana, vacana evaM karma dvArA kisI prakAra kA kaSTa nahIM pahuMcAye, isalie nirAmiSa AhAra kevala zarIra ko hI nahIM balki mana aura hRdaya ko bhI vizAla udAra evaM prAjala karatA hai| vinobAjI ke anusAra nirAmiSa AhAra to bhAratIya brahma-vidyA kA vizva ko zreSTha AvhAna hai| bhale hI isakA mUlya abhI prakaTa nahIM ho lekina jaisa-jaise mAnava-sabhyatA kA vikAsa hotA jAegA isakA mahatva aura bhI adhika prakaTa hotA jaaegaa| manuSya eka vivekazIla prANI hai| usake hiMsA-ahiMsA, dayA-karuNA, ghRNA Adi vicAroM ke AdhAra para prakRti kI aMtaHzaktiyoM kA saMtulana evaM niyamana hotA hai| vizva ke manISiyoM ne manuSya ke zreSTha prANI ke rUpa meM jIvana yApana karane ke uddezya se aneka pratibandha evaM niyamana lAgU kiye hai jo manuSya ko haivAna banAne se rokate hai aura bhagavAna banane ke lie prerita karate hai isa prakriyA meM AhAra kA eka mahatvapUrNa yogadAna hotA hai| mAnavIya AhAra ko nimna zreNiyoM meM vargIkRta kiyA jA sakatA hai| annAhAra, phala evaM zAkAhAra, dUdha phala evaM zAkAhAra, aNDA sahita dUdha-phala zAkAhAra maaNsaahaar| inameM annAhAra evaM phala zAkAhAra zuddha zAkAhAra kI zreNI meM Ate hai jabaki dugdhAhAra zAkAhAra kI zreNI meM hokara bhI bhAvAnAtmaka dRSTi se alpa tAmasika AhAra meM vargIkRta kiyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki dUdha kI utpatti zarIra se hotI hai| aNDA evaM mAMsAhAra dono mAMsAhAra kI zreNI meM Ate hai| aNDoM ko zAkAhArI kahanA bhrAMtipUrNa duHpracAra hai| (247)
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________________ Aja amerikA, iMglaiDa, jApAna, yUropa tathA vizva ke aneka sthAnoM se samAcAra mila rahe hai ki vahA zAkAhAriyoM kI saMkhyA prativarSa baDha rahI hai| baddhijIvI vyakti zAkAhArI jIvana-praNAlI ke tI ko adhika pragatizIla aura vaijJAnika mAnane lage haiN| saMsAra ke mahAna baddhijIvI udAharaNArtha arasta. pleTo. zeksa AiMsaTIna, jArja barnADa zaoN, zrImatI enIbeseMTa ruso Adi sabhI zAkAhArI the kiMtu bhArata jo paramparAgata ahiMsA aura zAkAhAra kA deza hai vahA~ ke peMzana ke nAma para loga aNDe evaM mAMsa kA apane bhojana meM samAveza karane lage hai jabaki vaijJAnika aMveSaNa parIkSaNa ke pazcAt yaha siddha ho cukA hai ki mAMsAhAra svAsthya ke lie sarvathA hAnikAraka hai aura zAkAhAra svAsthya ke lie atyaMta lAbhadAyaka aura dIghAryu prApta karAne vAlA hai phira hamArA koI dharma nahIM jisameM mAMsa bhakSaNa ko pradhAnatA dI gaI ho| yadi gaharAI se sAtha adhyayana manana ciMtana kiyA jAve to yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAyegI ki pratyeka dharma kA prANa ahiMsA hai| mAMsAhAra ghora hiMsApUrNa AhAra hai| isI kAraNa vizva ke sabhI saMta, mahAtmA tathA mahApuruSa ise tyAjya batAte haiN| ___ manusmRti meM likhA hai- "mArane kI salAha dene vAlA, mAMsa becane vAlA, pakAne vAlA, parosane vAlA aura khAne vAlA ye sabhI ghora pApI hai"| guru nAnaka deva ne kahA hai- "mAMsAhAriyoM ke hAtha kA khAnA-pInA bhI ghora pApa hai| bhagavAna buddha ne kahA-"kisI bhI prANI se hiMsA mata kro| zAkAhArI bhojana sarvottama hai"| mahAtmA gAMdhI ne kahA hai- "hamAre lie vahI AhAra sArthaka banatA hai jo hamameM svastha rakta banAye aura vaha hai shaakaahaar| kurAna zarIpha meM kahA gayA hai- "jAnavaroM ko mAranA aura khetI ko tabAha karanA jamIna meM kharAbI phailAtA hai aura allAha kharAbI pasaMda nahIM krtaa"| isa prakAra sabhI vidvAnoM ne mAMsa tyAgane kI bAta kahI hai aura jaina dharma meM to ahiMsA ko parama dharma hI mAnA gayA hai| Aja Ama logoM kI ye dhAraNA hai ki aNDe evaM mAMsa meM proTIna, jo zarIra ke lie eka Avazyaka tatva hai, adhika mAtrA meM pAyA jAtA hai kiMtu yaha bAta kitanI galata hai yaha isase sAbita hogA ki sarakArI AMkar3o ke anusAra hI, 100 grAma aNDo meM jahAM 13 grAma proTIna hogA, vahIM panIra meM 24 grAma, to mUMgaphalI meM 31 grAma, dUdha se bane kaI padArthoM meM to isase bhI adhika proTIna hotA hai| yadi hama kailorI kI bAta kareM to jahAM 100 aNDoM meM 160 keloriyAM, murge ke gozta se 194 kailoriyAM prApta hotI hai, vahI dAloM meM usI mAtrA se 330 kailoriyAM, mUMgaphalI se 450 kailoriyAM aura makhkhana-nikale dUdha evaM panIra se 348 kailoriyAM prApta hotI hai| hamAre vidvAna DAkTaroM kA mAnanA hai ki aNDe meM adhika proTIna to nahIM, adhika viSa avazya hotA hai| kyoMki 18 mAsa parIkSaNa ke pazcAta aNDoM meM 30 pratizata DI.DI.TI. viSa pAyA gayA hai aura eka aNDe meM lagabhaga 4 grena kolesTerAla kI mAtrA pAI jAtI hai| itanI adhika mAtrA ke kAraNa aNDe dila kI bImArI, hAI blaDa prezara, gurde kA roga Adi paidA kara dete hai| cikitsA vizeSajJoM kI rAya hai ki zAkAhArI bhojana meM kaiMsara rokane vAle tatva hote hai| AMtoM aura stanoM kA kaiMsara adhikatara mAMsAhArI logoM ko hotA hai| zAkAhArI kA svabhAva ugra nahIM banatA, isake viparIta mAMsAhArI jaldI hI uttejita ho jAtA hai| hRdaya rogoM kI AzaMkA bhI mAMsAhArI vyaktiyoM meM adhika dekhI gaI hai| zAkAhArI bhojana manuSya ko dIghAryu banAtA hai| (248)
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________________ isake alAvA jAnavaroM ke bhI kucha udAharaNa dekara hama isa bAta ko sAbita kara sakate hai ki zAkAhArI bhojana svAsthya ke lie lAbhaprada hai| jaise gaiMDA, hAthI, ghor3A, UMTa Adi tAkatavara jAnavara hai inakA mukhya kAraNa yaha hai ki ye zuddha zAkAhArI hai| isa prakAra zAkAhArI bhojana svAsthyaprada evaM poSaNa pradAna karane vAlA hai| ___ phUDa eMDa nyUTrIzana borDa kI rASTrIya zodha pariSada ne yaha siddha kiyA hai ki mAMsAhAra karane vAle vyaktiyoM ko nirAmiSa vyaktiyoM kI tulanA meM 6 gunA adhika bhUmi caahie| mAMsAhAra ke lie pazuoM ko cArA khilAne ke lie kama se kama 30,00,00,000 ekar3a jamIna para koI acchI paidAvAra nahIM hotii| Aja bhI anna upajAkara hI hameM apanA khAdya saMkaTa dUra kara pAye hai na ki mAMsAhAra se| aneka zodhoM se yaha pramANita ho cukA hai ki kRSi phala-phUla Adi ke saMvardhana se hI deza kI khAdya samasyA ko hala kara sakate hai| ata: nirAmiSa bhojana to hamArI sAmAjika-Arthika anivAryatA hai| svAsthya vijJAna kI dRSTi se bhI dekhA jAya to hamAre zarIra kI banAvaTa mAMsAhAra ke upayukta nahIM hai| sulabha pAcana kI dRSTi se nirAmiSa AhAra upayogI hai| vizva meM Aja sabase bar3I samasyA hai vizva zAMti kI ora bar3hatI hiMsA ko rokane kii| vartamAna meM hiMsA aura AtaMkavAda ke kAle bAdala maMDarA rahe hai| unheM rokA jA sakatA hai to kevala manuSya ke svabhAva ko ahiMsA aura zAkAhAra kI ora pravRtti karane se| nirAmiSa AhAra zAti ke jIvana darzana para AdhArita hai| pazcimI jagata mAMsAhAra ko tyAgakara zAkAhAra ko apanA rahA hai| Aiye hama bhI zAkAhAra ko apane jIvana kA aMga banAkara prakRti ke anya nirIha prANiyoM ke prati dayA karane kA saMkalpa leM tathA vizvazAMti ke apane svapna ko sAkAra kreN| 103 iMdirA gAMdhI nagara kesara bAga ror3a, Ara.TI.o. kAryAlaya ke pAsa iMdaura (ma.pra), * * * * * (249)