Book Title: Tridanda Author(s): Sukhlal Sanghavi Publisher: Z_Darshan_aur_Chintan_Part_1_2_002661.pdf Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/229056/1 JAIN EDUCATION INTERNATIONAL FOR PRIVATE AND PERSONAL USE ONLYPage #1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tridaNDa tridaNDa buddha ne tathA unake ziSyoM ne kAyakarma, vacana karma aura manaHkarma aise trividha karmoM kA bandhana rUpa se pratipAdana kiyA hai| isI taraha unhoMne prANAtipAta, mRSAvAda Adi doSoM ko anartha rUpa kahakara unakI virati ko lAbhalAyaka pratipAdita kiyA hai tathA saMvara arthAt pApanirodha aura nirjarA arthAt karmakSaya ko bhI cAritra ke aMgarUpa se svIkAra kiyA hai| koI bhI cAritralakSI dhamopadezaka uparyukta mantavyoM ko binA mAne apanA AdhyAtmika mantavya logoM ko samajhA nahIM sakatA / isalie anya zramaNoM kI taraha buddha ne bhI uparyukta maMtavyoM kA svIkAra va pratipAdana kiyA ho to yaha svAbhAvika hI hai / parantu hama dekhate haiM ki bauddha piTakoM meM buddha ne yA bauddha-bhintunoM ne apane uparyukta maMtavyoM ko sIdhe taura se na batalAkara draviDa-prANAyAma kiyA hai / kyoMki unhoMne apanA maMtavya batalAne ke pahale nirgrantha paraMparA kI paribhASAoM kA aura paribhASAoM ke pIche rahe hue bhAvoM kA prativAda kiyA hai aura unake sthAna meM kahIM to mAtra naI paribhASA batalAI hai aura kahIM to nirgrantha-paraMparA kI apekSA apane judA bhAva vyakta kiyA hai| udAharaNArthanirgrantha-paraMparA trividhakarma ke lie kAyadaMDa, vacanadaMDa aura manodaMDa 1 jaisI paribhASA kA prayoga karatI thI aura Aja bhI karatI hai| usa paribhASA ke sthAna meM buddha itanA hI kahate haiM ki maiM kAyadaMDa, vacanadaMDa aura manodaMDa ke badale kAyakarma, vacanakarma aura manaHkarma kahatA huuN| aura nirgranthoM kI taraha kAyakarma kI nahIM para mana kI pradhAnatA mAnatA huuN| 2 isI taraha baddha kahate haiM ki mahAprANAtipAta aura mRSApAda zrAdi doSoM ko maiM bhI doSa mAnatA hU~ para usake kuphala se bacane kA rAstA jo maiM batalAtA hU~ vaha nirgranthoM ke batalAe rAste se bahuta acchA hai / buddha saMvara aura nirjarA ko mAnya rakhate hae mAtra itanA hI kahate haiM ki maiM bhI una donoM tattvoM ko mAnatA hU~ para maiM nirgranthoM kI taraha nirjarA ke sAdhana rUpa se tara kA svIkAra na karake usake sAdhana rUpa se zIla, samAdhi aura prajJA kA vidhAna karatA huuN| jude jude bauddha-granthoM meM Aye hue uparyukta bhAva ke kathanoM ke Upara se yaha bAta saralatA se samajha meM A sakatI hai ki jaba koI nayA sudhAraka yA vicAraka 1. sthAnAMga-tRtIya sthAna sU0 220 2. majhimanikAya su0 56 / 3. aMguttara vol. I. p. 220. Page #2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 110 jaina dharma aura darzana apanA svataMtra mArga sthApita karatA hai taba usako yA to purAnI paribhASAoM ke sthAna meM kucha naI-sI paribhASAe~ gar3hanI par3atI haiM yA purAnI paribhASAoM ke pIche rahe hue purAnI paraMparAtroM ke bhAvoM ke sthAna meM nayA bhAva batalAnA par3atA hai| aisA karate samaya jAne yA anajAne vaha kabhI-kabhI purAne matoM kI samIkSA karatA hai| udAharaNArtha brAhmaNa aura yajJa jaise zabda vaidika-paraMparA meM amuka bhAvoM ke sAtha prasiddha the / jaba bauddha, jaina Adi zramaNa paraparAoM ne apanA sudhAra sthApita kiyA taba unheM brAhmaNa aura yajJa jaise zabdoM ko lekara bhI unakA bhAva apane siddhAntAnusAra batalAnA pdd'aa| isase aitihAsika tathya itanA to nirvivAda rUpa se phalita hotA hai ki jina paribhASAoM aura mantavyoM kI samAlocanA nayA sudhAraka yA vicAraka karatA hai, ve paribhASAe~ aura ve mantavya janatA meM pratiSThita aura gaharI jar3a jamAe hue hote haiM, aisA binA hue naye sudhAraka yA vicAraka ko una purAnI paribhASAoM kA Azraya lene kI yA unake andara rahe hue rUr3ha purAne bhAvoM kI samAlocanA karane kI koI jarUrata hI nahIM hotii| yadi yaha vicArasaraNI ThIka hai to hama itanA avazya kaha sakate haiM ki kAyadaMDa Adi trividha daMDoM kI, mahAn prANAtipAta Adi doSoM se durgatirUpa phala pAne kI tathA una doSoM kI virati se suphala pAne kI aura tapa ke dvArA nirjarA hone kI tathA saMvara ke dvArA nayA karma na zrAne kI mAnyatAe~ nirgrantha-paraMparA meM bahuta rUDha ho gayI thI, jinakA ki bauddha bhikSu saccA jhUThA prativAda karate haiM / / nimrantha-paraMparA kI uparyukta paribhASAe~ aura mAnyatAe~ mAtra mahAvIra ke dvArA pahale pahala calAI huI yA sthApita huI hotI to bauddhoM ko itanA prabala saca-jhUTha prativAda karanA na pdd'taa| spaSTa hai ki tridaMDa kI paribhASA aura sa~vara-nirjarA Adi maMtavya pUrvakAlIna nirgrantha-paraMparA meM se hI mahAvIra ko virAsata meM mile the| hama bauddha-granthoM ke sAtha jaina AgamoM kI tulanAtmaka carca se yahA~ itanA hI kahanA cAhate haiM ki jaina AgamoM meM jo kAyadaMDa Adi tIna daMDoM ke nAma Ate haiM aura tIna daMDoM kI nivRtti kA anukrama se kAyagupti, vacanagupti aura manogupti rUpa se vidhAna aAtA hai tathA navatattvoM meM saMghara-nirjarA kA jo varNana hai tathA tapa ko nirjarA kA sAdhana mAnA gayA hai aura mahAprANAtipAta, mRSAvAda Adi doSoM se bar3e apAya kA kathana aAtA hai vaha saba nirgrantha-paraMparA kI paribhASA aura vicAra viSayaka prAcIna sampatti hai| 1. uttarAdhyayana a0 25; a0 12. 41, 42, 44; dhammapada varga 26 / Page #3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 111 lezyA vicAra bauddha-piTakoM tathA jaina-granthoM ko par3hanevAlA sAmAnya abhyAsI kevala yahI jAna pAtA hai ki nirgrantha-paraMparA hI tapa ko nirjarA kA sAdhana mAnanevAlI hai parantu vAstava meM yaha bAta nahIM hai / jaba hama sAMkhya-yoga-paraMparA ko dekhate haiM taba mAlUma par3atA hai ki yoga-paraMparA bhI nirjarA ke sAdhana rUpa se tapa para utanA hI bhAra detI AI hai jitanA bhAra nirgrantha-paraMparA usa para detI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki upalabdha yoga-sUtra ke racayitA pataMjali ne anya sAdhanoM ke sAtha tapa ko bhI kriyA-yoga rUpa se ginAyA hai (2-1) itanA hI nahIM balki pataJjali ne kriyA-yoga meM tapa ko hI prathama sthAna diyA hai| isa sUtra kA bhASya karate hue vyAsa ne sAMkhya-yogya-paraMparA kA pUrA abhiprAya pragaTa kara diyA hai| vyAsa kahate haiM ki jo yogI tapasvI nahIM hotA vaha purAnI citra-vicitra karma-bAsAnAoM ke jAla ko tor3a nahIM sktaa| vyAsa kA purAnI vAsanAoM ke bhedaka rUpa se tapa kA varNana aura nigraMtha-paraMparA kA purANa karmoM kI nirjarA ke sAdhana rUpa se tapa kA nirUpaNa-ye donoM zramaNa-paraMparA kI tapa saMbandhI prAcInatama mAnyatA kA vAstavika svarUpa pragaTa karate haiM / buddha ko chor3akara sabhI zramaNa-paraMparAoM ne tapa kA ati mahattva svIkAra kiyA hai| isase hama yaha bhI samajha sakate haiM ki ye paraMparAe~ zramaNa kyoM kahalAI? mUlaka meM zramaNa kA artha hI tapa karanevAlA hai| jarmana vidvAn vinTaranits ThIka kahatA hai ki zrAmaNika-sAhitya vaidika-sAhitya se bhI purAnA hai jo jude jude rUpoM meM mahAbhArata, jainAgama tathA bauddha-piTakoM meM surakSita hai / merA nijI vicAra hai ki sAMkhyayoga-paraMparA apane vizAla tathA mUla artha meM sabhI zramaNa-zAkhAoM kA saMgraha kara letI hai / zramaNa-paraMparA ke tapa kA bhAratIya-jIvana para itanA adhika prabhAva par3A hai ki vaha kisI bhI prAnta meM, kisI bhI jAti meM aura kisI bhI phirake meM saralatA se dekhA jA sakatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki buddha tapa kA prativAda karate hue bhI 'tapa' zabda ko chor3a na ske| unhoMne kevala usa zabda kA artha bhara apane abhiprAyAnukUla kiyA hai| (6) lezyA-vicAra vaidika-paraMparA meM cAra varNoM kI mAnyatA dhIre-dhIre janma ke AdhAra para sthira ho gaI thii| jaba vaha mAnyatA itanI sakhta ho gaI ki Antarika yogyatA rakhatA huA bhI eka varNa kA vyakti anya varNa meM yA anya varNayogya dharmakArya meM praviSTa