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________________ tattvAbhivyakti kI nirbAdha jaina darzana vizleSaNa pradhAna darzana hai / vizleSaNa itanA sUkSma evaM gaMbhIra hai ki adhyetA ko vismaya se mugdha kara detA hai aura bauddhika citana ke kSetra meM bahumukhI vizleSaNavAda ko prathama detA hai / etadarthaM yaha pratyakSa tathya hai ki jaina darzana vizvajanInatA kA sudRr3ha AdhAra liye hue hai / yaha darzana 'syAdvAda ke sudRr3ha staMbha para AdhArita hai / ramezamuni zAstrI syAdvAda yaha pada syAt aura vAda kA saMyuktIkaraNa hai / syAt zabda tiGata pada jaisA pratIta hotA hai / kintu vastutaH yaha eka avyaya hai / jo "kisI apekSA" se isa artha kA dyotaka hai / " aura vAda kA artha kathana yA pratipAdana zailI hai| syAdvAda kI kathana zailI meM " syAt" zabda kI pradhAnatA hai / etadartha " syAt asti ghaTa: ", " syAt nAsti ghaTa : " jaise vAkyoM kA prayoga hotA hai / isa prakAra syAdvAda pada kA vAcya artha huA-bhinna bhinna apekSAoM se padArtha pratipAdana krnaa| syAdvAda siddhAnta satya ke pratyeka pahalU kA parijJAna karAtA hai| isameM vividha dRSTi binduoM se padArtha kI yathArthatA kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai| vAstava meM jar3a aura cetana meM ananta guNa dharma vidyamAna haiM / ina samagra guNa dharmo kA kathana eka sAtha koI bhI nahIM kara sakatA hai / vivakSAnusAra hI eka samaya meM kisI eka dharma ko kendrita karake kahA jA sakatA hai| ise hI dArzanika bhASA meM sApekSavAda bhI kahate haiN| 28 1. (ka) sarvadhAtya niSedha ko nekAntatA dyotakaH kathaMcidarthe syAt zabdo nipAtaH paMcAstikAya TIkA / (kha) vAkyadhvana kAnta dyAtI gamyaM prati vizeSakaH / syAnnipAtArthaM yA gitvAttasya kevalinAmapi / / - AptamImAMsA 103 zailI: syAdvAda satya yA tatva ke prakAzana ke liye do AdhAra bindu haiM / syAdvAda aura kevalajJAna / kevalajJAna satya kA sAkSAt bodha pradAna karatA hai aura syAdvAda parokSa Agama ke mAdhyama se aura vaha bhI kramika / kevalajJAna kevala ekamAtra kevalI kA bodha hai zeSa ke lie to syAdvAda hI AlaMbana hai / " syAdvAda ko "saMpUNArtha vinizcayI aura sakalAdeza" kahA gayA hai / " tAtparya yaha hai ki vaha pUrNa satya ko prastuta karane vAlA hai dUsarI ora anekAntatA se syAdvAda saMskRta ho kara calatA hai yaha bhI kahA gayA hai| syAdvAda siddhAnta jo vividha dRSTi se eka hI vastu meM nityatA- anityatA, sAdRzya- asadRzya, vAcya avAcya, sat-asat" Adi paraspara virodhI guNa dharmoM kA avirodha pratipAdana karake unakA tarkasaMgata evaM samanvaya paraka prakAza ko vikIrNa karatA hai / jo padArtha nitya pratIta hotA hai, vaha anitya bhI hai| jo vastu anitya hai, vaha nitya bhI hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jahA~ nityatA hai vahA~ anityatA bhI hai / anityatA ke abhAva meM nityatA kI pahacAna nahIM ho sakatI hai aura nityatA ke abhAva meM anityatA kI pratIti nahIM ho sakatI / etadartha eka kI pratIti dvitIya kI pratIti se hI saMbhava hai| 2. tatva jJAna pramANaM te yugapatsarva bhAsanam / kramabhAvI ca yajjJAnaM syAdvAda naya saMskRtam // syAdvAda kevala jJAnaM sarvaM satya prakAzane / bheda sAkSAdasAkSAcca hyavastvanyatamaM bhavet // AptamImAMsA 101-105 3. syAdvAda sakalAdezazo, nayo vikala sarvathA / 4. anekAntAtmakArthakathanaM syAdvAda --laghoyasyayaH 62 5. syAnnAzi nityaM sadRzaM virUpaM vAcyaM na vAcyaM sadasat deva / zloka-5 anyayoga rAjendra- jyoti
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________________ ko kaSTa pahaMcAyeMge / jo jIva dhArmikavRttiyukta haiM, unakA balavAna honA zreSTha hai kyoMki ve balavAna hoMge to adhika jIvoM ko sukha degeN| 10 samagra jJAnoM kI viSayabhUta vastu anekAntAtmaka hotI hai / ataeva vastu ko anekAntAtmaka kahA hai| jisameM aneka arthabhAva sAmAnya vizeSa guNa paryAya rUpa se pAye jAye, usako anekAnta kahate haiN| aura anekAntAtmaka vastu ko bhASA ke dvArA pratipAdita karane vAlA siddhAnta syAdvAda kahalAtA hai| bhagavAna ne anekAnta dRSTi se dekhA aura syAvAda kI bhASA meM usakA nirUpaNa kiyaa| etadartha bhagavAna kI vANI syAdvAdamayI hotI hai / jaina darzana meM pratyeka prazna kA uttara apekSA dRSTi se diyA gayA hai / satya kI sApekSitA se lekara padArtha ke AMzika pahaluoM para dRSTi DAlI gayI hai / vastu ke pUrva svarUpa ko sAmane rakha kara unake vividha aMzoM evaM rUpoM kA Akalana saMkalana kara unakA alaga-alaga nirvacana kiyA gayA hai| choTe se dIpaka se lekara vyApaka vyoma taka samagra padArtha anekAnta mudrA se aMkita haiN|' isalie koI bhI vastu syAdvAda kI sImA se bAhara nahIM hai / sAmAnya rUpa se syAdvAda aura anekAnta kA svarUpa jAna lene ke pazcAt syAdvAda ke prakAza meM prakAzita hone vAle kapitaya udAharaNa prastuta kiye jA rahe haiN| zramaNopAsikA jayanti eka bAra bhagavAna se pUchatI hai-"bhagavana sonA acchA hai yA jAganA" / uttara meM bhagavAna ne kahA"kitaneka jIvoM kA sonA acchA hai aura kitaneka jIvoM kA jAganA acchA hai|" jayanti ke antarmAnasa meM punaH prazna ubuddha huA-bhagavan ! yaha kaise ? prabhu mahAvIra ne kahA- 'jo jIva adharmI hai, adharmAnuga hai, adharmaniSTha hai, adharmAkhyAyI hai, adharma pralokI hai, adharmaparaMjana hai, adharma samAcAra hai, adhArmika vRttiyukta hai, ve sote raheM yahI zreSTha hai| kyoMki ve sote raheMge to aneka jIvoM ko pIr3A nahIM deNge| aura isa prakAra svapara ubhaya ko adhArmika anuSThAna meM lagna-saMlagna nahIM kareMge / etadartha unakA sonA acchA hai| kintu jo jIva dhArmikavRtti vAle haiM, dharmAnuga haiM unakA to jAganA hI zreSTha hai / kyoMki ve aneka jIvoM ko sukha dete haiN| sva-para aura ubhaya ko dhArmika kriyA meM saMlagna karate haiN| ataH unakA jAganA hI zreSTha hai|" jayanti- bhagavan balavAna honA zreSTha hai yA durbala honA" prabhu mahAvIra-"jo jIva adhArmika hai yAvat adhArmika vRtti vAle haiM, unakA durbala honA acchA hai| ve balavAna hoMge to aneka jIvoM jaina darzana ne sApekSatA ke Aloka meM dUsaroM ko samajhAne kA daSTikoNa pradAna kiyA hai| ekAntatA kA nirIkSaNa kara usakI anekAntatA ko saMprastuta karatA hai / yaha sahI hai ki kisI bhI vastu ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana ekAntarUpa meM nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / yaha padArtha sat hI hai yA asat hI hai, nitya hI hai yA anitya hI hai, yaha ekAntarUpa meM kahanA bhayaMkara bhUla hai / kyoMki vastu ekAntadharmI hotI hI nahIM hai / vaha kisI apekSA se nitya nahIM kahI jAtI hai to kisI apekSA se nitya bhI kahI jA sakatI hai| nityAnitya-eka cintana mahAtmA buddha ne loka jIva Adi kI nityatA anityatA, sAntatA-anantatA Adi praznoM ko avyAkRta kaha kara TAla diyA / / parantu AtmA ke saMbandha meM gaNadhara gautama aura prabhu mahAvIra kA eka suMdara saMvAda Agama meM upalabdha hotA hai| . ___ eka samaya kI bAta hai, zramaNa prabhu mahAbora ke caraNArabindu meM vaMdanA karane ke pazcAt gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama ne vinamrabhAva se pUchA-"bhagavAna jIva nitya hai yA anitya, prazna kA uttara dete hue bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA-"gautama jIva nitya bhI hai aura anitya bhI hai|" gautama ke antarmAnasa meM jijJAsA jAgRta huI ki yaha kisa hetu se kahA ki jIva nitya bhI hai aura anitya bhI hai| uttara meM bhagavAna ne kahA-"gautama dravyAthika dRSTi se jIva nitya hai aura paryAyArthika dRSTi se anitya hai / "12 prastuta saMvAda kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki dravyadRSTi se jIva nitya hai aura paryAyArthika dRSTi se anitya hai| dravya dRSTi kA artha hai abheda dRSTi aura paryAya dRSTi kA artha hai bhedadRSTi / dravya kI apekSA se jIva meM jIvatva sAmAnya kA kabhI abhAva nahIM hotA hai, kisI bhI avasthA meM rahA jIva, jIva hI rahegA / vartamAna meM hai aura bhaviSya meM rahegA / mUla dravya ke rUpa meM usakI sattA traikAlika hai| jahA~ jIva dravya hai vahA~ usake koI na koI paryAya avazya hotI hai / jo jIva hai vaha vividha gatiyoM meM vividha avasthAoM meM pariNata hotA hI hai| kyoMki vaha pazu-pakSI, sthAvara athavA siddha meM se kucha to avazya hogA hii| isa prakAra vaha kisI na kisI paryAya ko grahaNa karatA rahatA hai / ataH paryAya kI apekSA jIva anitya hai tAtparya yaha hai ki jIva dravyataH nitya hai aura paryAyataH anitya hai| 10. bhagavatI suutr-12|2|443 11. majjhimanikAya-cAlumAlukyasutta-631 12. jIvANaM bhaMte ki sAsayA asAsayA? goyamA jIvAsipa sAsayA sipa asAsayA / goyamA dabbadda yAe sAsayA bhAvaddayA e asAsayA / -bhagavatI 7 / 2 / 273 6. anekAntAtmakaM vastu gocaraM sarva saMvidAm / -nyAyAvatAra siddhasena 7. atho'nekAntaH aneke antA bhAvA arthAH sAmAnya vizeSa guNa paryAyA, yasya so'nekAnta / 8. syAdvAda bhagavatpravacanam |-nyaayvinishcyaaH vivaraNa pR. 364 9. AdIpa mAtthoma sama svabhAvaM, syAdvAdamudranati zredi vastu / tannitya maivekamanityamanyaditi tvadAjJA dviSatAMpralApAM / / -anyayogavyayacchedadvAtriMzikA zloka 5 vI.ni. saM. 2503 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ sAMkhya darzana AtmA ko nitya mAnatA hai / usake abhimatAnusAra AtmA sadA sarvadA eka rUpa rahatA hai| usameM kisI prakAra kA parivartana nahIM hotA hai| saMsAra aura mokSa bhI AtmA ke nahIM haiM, prakRti ke haiM / 18 sukha-du:kha aura jJAna bhI prakRti ke dharma haiM, Atmatatva ke nahIM haiN| AtmA ko to sAMkhya darzana meM sthAyI, anAdi, ananta, avikArI nitya citsvarUpa aura niSkriya mAnA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki sAMkhya darzana ekAntataH nityavAda ko mAnatA mImAMsaka darzana ke matAnusAra AtmA eka hai parantu deha Adi kI vividhatA ke kAraNa vaha anekavidha pratIta hotA hai / 16 naiyAyika Izvara ko kUTastha nitya aura dIpaka ko anitya mAnate haiN| bauddha darzana ke abhimatAnusAra janma, jarA, maraNa Adi kisI sthAyI dhruva jIva ke nahIM hote haiM kintu viziSTa kAraNoM se unakI utpatti hotI hai / nityAnitya saMbandha meM bauddha darzana kI nirAlI dRSTi hai / buddha se Atmatatva ke saMbandha meM kisI jijJAsu ne apanI jijJAsA prastuta karate huve pUchA / taba usakA uttara na de kara ve mauna rahe / mauna rahane kA kAraNa pUchane para unhoMne batAyA ki yadi maiM kahU~ ki AtmA hai to maiM zAzvatavAdI kahalAU~gA aura agara kahU~ ki AtmA nahIM hai to ucchedavAdI kahalAU~gA-isalie ina donoM ke niSedha ke lie maiM mauna rahatA hU~ / kintu jaina darzana meM nityAnitya ke saMbaMdha meM jo ciMtana kiyA gayA hai vaha anUThA hai, apUrva hai| vaha svataMtra ciMtana hai, svataMtra nirUpaNa paddhati hai / isa darzana kI pratipAdana paddhati sApekSatAparaka hai| yaha nityAnitya ke ekAntoM kA nirasana kara satya ke anekAnta sApekSa dharmoM ko svIkAra kara samanvaya kara detA hai| yahI usakI sarvopari asAdhAraNa vizeSatA hai| vividharUpatA AtI rahatI hai, etadartha loka anitya hai arthAt azAzvata hai|18 eka samaya kI bAta hai ki prabhu mahAvIra se milane skandaka RSi aaye| vandanA karake vinamra bhAva se bIle ki prabhu loka sAnta hai yA ananta hai / prabhu ne uttara diyA-skandaka loka ko cAra prakAra se jAnA jAtA hai| dravya se, kSetra se, kAla se aura bhAva se / dravya kI apekSA se loka hai aura sAMta hai| kSetra kI apekSA se loka asaMkhyAta yojana koTA-koTi vistAra aura asaMkhyAta yojana koTA-koTi paripekSa pramANavAlA hai| isalie kSetra kI dRSTi se loka sAnta hai| kAla kI apekSA se koI kAla aisA kAla nahIM rahA jaba loka na ho, ataH loka dhruva hai / niyata hai, zAzvata hai, akSaya hai, avyaya hai, avasthita hai, nitya hai, usakA kabhI anta nahIM hai| bhAva kI apekSA se loka ke ananta varSa paryAya, gaMdha paryAya, rasa paryAya aura sparza paryAya haiM / ananta saMsthAna paryAya haiM / ananta guru-laghu paryAya haiN| ananta aguru laghu paryAya hai, usakA koI anta nahIM hai / etadartha loka dravya dRSTi se sAnta hai, kSetra kI apekSA se sAnta hai, kAla kI apekSA se ananta hai| bhAva kI apekSA se ananta hai / jIva sAnta hai yA ananta hai isa prazna kA samAdhAna karate huve prabhu mahAvIra ne kahA-"jIva sAnta bhI hai aura ananta bhI hai| dravya kI apekSA se eka jIva sAnta hai / kSetra kI dRSTi se bhI jIva asaMkhyAta pradezayukta hone ke kAraNa sAnta hai| kAla kI dRSTi isI prakAra loka nitya hai yA anitya hai, isa prazna ke uttara meM zramaNa prabhu mahAvIra ne kahA-"jamAlI ! loka nitya bhI hai aura anitya bhI hai| kyoMki eka bhI aisA samaya nahIM A sakatA jaba loka na ho ataeva loka nitya hai| loka kA svarUpa sadA eka sA nahIM rahatA, ataeva vaha anitya bhI hai| avasapiNi aura utsapiNi kAla meM utthAna patana hotA rahatA hai / kAlakrama se loka meM 18. sAsae loe jamAlI-jatra kayAviNAsIno kathAviNabhavati / Na kathAvina bhAvessaI-bhuvi ca bhavaI ya bhavissaI ya / / dhute Ni tie sAsae akkhae bhavvae avahie kicce asAsaNa loejmaalii| ja o osappiNI bhavitA usappiNI bhavaI / / -bhagavatI sUtra 8 / 33 / 387 19. evaM khalu bhae khandayA / caubihe loe pnnnnte| taM jahA davvao khetao kAlao bhaavo| davao NaM eme loe sa aMte / khetao NaM loe asaMkhejjAo joyaNaH koTA koDio jAyAma vivakhaMmeNa asaMkhejjAo joyaNa koTA koDio parithevaveNaM paNNatte / atthi puNa sa aMte / / kAlAoNaM loe Na kayAvina Asi na kayAvi na bhavati na kayAvi na bhavissaMti / bhavisya bhavati ya bhavissaI ya dhuve Nitie sAmate akkhae abbae avaTTie picceNAtthi tveNAtthi puNa se aMte / bhAva jo NaM loe aNaMtA baNapajjavA, gaMdha pajjavA rasapavajjA phAsa pajjavA aNaMtA saMgaNa pajjavA aNaMtA gasya lahayapajjavA aNaMtA aguru lahue pajjavA natthi paNa se ante / se caM khndgaa| davao loe sa aMte khetao bhoe sa ante kAlano lAe aNaMte bhAva to loe aNante / -bhagavatI sUtra 2 / 1 / 90 13. sAMkhyakArikA 62 14. sAMkhyakArikA 11 15. amUrtazcetano bhogI nityaH srvgto'kriyH| akartA nirguNa sUkSmaH AtmA kapila darzane / / -SaDdarzana samuccaya / / 16. eka eva hi bhUtAtmA bhUte bhUte vyavasthitaH / 17. astIti zAzvata, gAhI, nAstivyuccheda darzanam / tasmAdastitva-nAstitve, nA zrIyate vicakSaNaH / / . -mAdhyamika kArikA 18 / 10 rAjendra-jyoti Jain Education Intemational Jain Education Intermational
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________________ se bhI jIva bhUtakAla meM thA, vartamAna meM hai aura bhaviSyakAla meM rhegaa| ataeva ananta hai| bhAva kI apekSA se jIva ke ananta jJAna paryAya haiM, ananta darzana paryAya, ananta cAritra paryAya tathA ananta laghu paryAya haiM, ataH ananta hai / sArAMza yaha hai ki dravya dRSTi se jIva sAnta hai, kSetra kI apekSA se sAnta hai, kAla kI dRSTi se ananta hai, tathA bhAva kI apekSA se ananta hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki jIva kathaMcita sAnta hai aura kathaMcit ananta hai / bauddha darzana ne jIva kI sAntatA aura anantatA ke viSaya meM vahI mata sthira kiyA hai jo nityatA aura anityatA meM thA / tAtparya yaha hai ki sAntatA aura asAntatA donoM ko avyAvRta koTi meM rakkhA hai| 21 kintu jaina darzana ne prastuta prazna kA uttara apanI dRSTi se diyaa| ekatA aura anekatA jaina darzana kA yaha mantavya hai ki pratyeka padArtha meM ekatA aura anekatA ye donoM dharma vidyamAna haiM / jIva dravya kI ekatA aura anekatA kA pratipAdana karate huve prabhu mahAvIra ne kahA-dravya dRSTi se maiM ekA hU~ aura jJAna aura darzana kI apekSA se maiM do hU~ / parivartana na hone vAle pradezoM kI apekSA se akSaya hUM, avyaya hU~ avasthita huuN| badalate rahane vAle upayoga kI apekSA se aneka huuN| isa prakAra padArtha meM paraspara virodhI pratIta hone vAle dharmoM kA eka hI dravya meM pariNamana karanA anekAntavAda kI anokhI dena hai| sat-eka cintana sat ke svarUpa kA vivecana karate huve jaina darzana ne kahA hai ki jo dravya hai vaha avazya sat hai kyoMki sat aura dravya donoM eka haiN| jo hai vaha sat hai aura jo asat hai, vaha sat hai asat rUpa meM / ata : sattA sAmAnya kI apekSA se saba sat hai / sat kI paribhASA nimna rUpa se kI gaI hai-pratyeka sata arthAt pratyeka dravya utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya se yukta hai / guNa aura paryAya vAlA dravya hai| 20. je. bi. ya khNdyaa| jAva sa ante jIve tassa vi ya NaM eyamahate evaM khalu jAva davyaoNaM ege jIve sa ante / kheta o NaM jIve asaMkhejjayae sie asaMkhejja pae so gADai asthi guNa je ante kAlao NaM jIve na kayAvina Asi jAvaNicce natthi puNa se ante bhAvao NaM jIve aNantA NANa pajjavA aNantA dasaNa pajjavA aNaMta caritta pajjavA aNaMtA agara laghuttha pajjavA natthi puNa se aMte / / -bhagavatI sUtra 2 / 90 21. majjhima nikAya cUla mAlaMkyastuta -63 somilA davvaThyAe ege ahaM nANa daMsaNadaThyA e dubihe ahaM paesaTaThyAe akkha evi ahaM avvae vi ahaM avaThThie vi ahaM upaja oThyAe aNegabhUya bhAva bhavie vi ahaM -bhagavatI sUtra 1 / 8 / 10 / / 23. utpAdavyayadhrauvya yuktaM sat -tatvArthasUtra 5 / 29 yahA~ para sahaja hI zaMkA udabuddha hogI ki dravya aura sata eka hI hai, phira inake lakSaNa bhinna bhinna kyoM haiM ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki utpAda aura vyaya ke sthAna para paryAya zabda hai aura dhrauvya ke sthAna para guNa / utpAda aura vyaya parivartana kI sUcanA de rahe haiM aura dhrauvya nityatA kA sUcaka hai| isI bAta ko isa prakAra kahA hai ki utpAda aura vinAza ke bIca eka rUpa hai jo sthira hai, vahI dhrauvya hai / yahI nitya kI paribhASA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki pratyeka padArtha ke sthAyitva meM eka rUpatA rahatI hai| vaha naSTa nahIM hotA, navIna bhI nahIM hotaa| jaina darzana sadasada kAryavAdI hai / ataH vaha pratyeka vastu meM astitva aura nAstitva ye do dharma svIkAra kiye gaye haiM / vaha dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ina sva-catuSTaya kI apekSA se vastu asti rUpa hai aura para-catuSTaya kI apekSA se nAsti rUpa hai / 28 buddha ne asti aura nAsti ina donoM ko nahIM svIkArA hai| saba hai, isa prakAra kahanA eka aMta hai, saba nahIM hai aisA kahanA dUsarA anta hai| ina donoM antoM kA parityAga karake madhyama mArga kA upadeza diyA hai / kintu jaina darzana ne asti aura nAsti ke saMbandha meM jo mata sthira kiyA hai vaha apUrva hai aura anUThA bhii| AtmA meM astitva aura nAstitva donoM kA pariNamana hotA hai yaha jaina darzana kA apanA mantavya hai| 28 asti aura nAsti ke saMbaMdha meM jaba prabhu mahAvIra se pUchA gayA taba unhoMne uttara diyA ki "hama astiko nAsti nahIM kahate haiM aura nAsti ko asti nahIM kahate haiN| jo asti hai use asti kahate haiM aura nAsti hai use nAsti kahate haiN|"29 24. tatvArthasUtra 5 / 23 25. tadabhAvIvyaya -tatvArthasUtra 5 / 30 26. sadeva sarva ko necchata svarUpAdi catuSTayAt / asadeva viparyA sAnna caitra vyapatiSThate / / -AptamImAMsA zloka-15 27. savyaM atthIti kho brAhmaNA ayaM eko antesvayaM natthIti kho brAhmaNA ayaM dutiyo anto / ete te brAhmaNA ubho anto anupagamma majjhena tathAgato, dhammadese nipavijjA pacaMyA / --saMyuktanikAya 12 / 47 / / 28. se nUNaM bhaMte atthitaM atthite pariNamaI / nAlIttaM natthite pariNamaI haMtA goyamA pariNamaI / / natthitaM nasthite pariNamaI, naM ki paomasA nisasA ? goyamA paogasA vi taM bIa sA vitaM / jahA te bhaMte atthitaM atthite pariNamaI taTTA te natthitaM natthite pariNamaI ? jahA te natthite natthite prinnmii| vahA~ ve atthitaM atthite pariNamaI ? -bhagavatI 1 / 3 / 33 29. no khalu vayaM devAjuppiyA / atthi bhAvaM natthiti bdaamo| natthi bhAvAM atthiti vadAmo / amhe NaM devAjuppiyA / savyaM atthi bhAvaM atthiti vadAmo savvaM natthi bhAvaM / nasthiti vdaamo| -bhagavatI sUtra 7 / 10 / 3 / 04 vI. ni. saM. 2503 Jain Education Interational
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________________ pUvokta udAharaNa evaM vivecana se niSkarSa yaha rahA hai ki pratyeka padArtha meM nityatva, anityatva, ekatva, anekatva, sAMtatAanantatA, sada asad Adi aneka dharma vidyamAna haiM / unako hama eka apekSA se samajha sakate haiM / isa apekSA dRSTi ko jaina darzana meM "naya" kahate haiN| nayavAda-eka ciMtana anekAnta kA AdhAra nayavAda hai| naya kA tAtparya hai 'vastu ke svarUpa ko sApekSa dRSTi se dekhanA, parakhanA aura vastu meM ananta guNa dharmoM kI sattA ko aneka dRSTiyoM se, aneka apekSAoM se samajhanA / nayoM meM vastu meM sthita dharmoM ko samajhane kI samagra dRSTiyoM kA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai / jaise phala meM AkAra bhI hai, rUpa bhI hai, gandha bhI hai tathA anya aneka dharma bhI haiN| jaba hama usa phala ko AkAra-prakAra kI dRSTi se dekhate haiM to hameM vaha gola, trikoNa athavA anya kisI AkAra meM dRSTigocara hogA / isI taraha anya dharmoM kI dRSTi se usako hama dekheMge to vaha vaisA hI dikhAI degaa| isa prakAra ye samagra dRSTiyA~ nayavAda ke antargata A jAtI haiN| pramANa vastu ke aneka dharmoM ko grahaNa karatA hai aura naya eka dharma kA grAhaka hai / naya eka dharma grahaNa karatA huvA bhI itara dharmoM kA niSedha nahIM karatA hai| yadi niSedha karatA hai to vaha naya nahIM hai durnaya hai| 1 syAdvAda sakalAdeza hai aura naya vikalAdeza hai| AgamoM meM sAta nayoM kA ullekha hai| ve isa prakAra haiM-naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUr3ha, aura evaMbhUta / 93 AcArya siddhasena ne likhA hai ki vacana ke jitane prakAra haiM yA mArga ho sakate haiM naya ke bhI utane hI bheda haiM / isa kathana ke AdhAra para naya ke prakAra bhI ananta hote haiM kyoMki vastugata dharma ko grahaNa karane vAle abhiprAya bhI ananta haiM tathApi mauTe taura para una sabakA samAveza sAta nayoM meM ho jAtA hai| yahA~ para sapta nayoM para saMkSepa meM prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai: 1. naigama naya--guNa aura gaNI, avayava aura avayavI, kriyA aura kAraka Adi meM bheda kI aura abheda kI vivakSA karanA naigama naya 30. arthasyAnekarUpasyA dhI pramANaM tdrshdhii| nayo dharmAntarApekSI durnaya : tannirAkRtiH / / 31. svAmIpretA dazAMditarAMzA palAyI punarnayAmAMsA -pramANanaya tatvAloka 32. syAdvAda sakalAdezo nayo vikalAdeza-ladhIyasyayaH 3 / 6 / 62 / / 33. (ka) anuyoga dvArasUtra 156 (kha) sthAnAMga sUtra 71552 (ga) tatvArtha rAjavArtika 1 / 33 34. jAvaiyAvavaNavahA tAva iyA ceva hoMti naya vAyA jAvaiyANaya vAyA tAvaiyA ceva parasa mayA / / -sanmati tarka prakaraNa 3147 kA viSaya hai| isa prakAra guNa aura guNI kathaMcit bhinna haiM aura kathaMcit abhinna haiN| isa bAta ko dUsare zabdoM meM yoM bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki bheda kAgrahaNa karate samaya abheda ko gauNa samajhanA aura abheda kA grahaNa karate samaya bheda gauNa samajhanA aura abheda ko pradhAna samajhanA negama naya hai| 2. saMgraha naya--sAmAnya yA abheda kA grahaNa karane vAlI dRSTi arthAt svajAti ke virodhI ke binA samagra padArthoM kA ekatva meM saMgraha karane vAlA naya saMgraha naya kahalAtA hai| yaha pratyakSa sacAI hai ki pratyeka padArtha sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka hai / yaha naya sAmAnya dharma ko grahaNa karatA hai, vizeSa dharma kI upekSA bhAva rakhatA hai| 3. vyavahAra naya--saMgraha naya ke dvArA grahaNa kiye gaye artha kA vidhipUrvaka avaharaNa vyavahAra kA viSaya hai / 16 saMgraha naya kevala sAmAnya ko grahaNa karatA hai kintu vyavahAra naya sAmAnya kA bheda pUrvaka grahaNa karatA hai / abhedapUrvaka nhiiN| 4. RjusUtra naya-bheda athavA paryAya kI vivikSA se kathana karanA RjusUtra naya hai| yaha naya bhata bhaviSya kI upekSA karake mAtra vartamAna kA grahaNa karatA hai / kyoMki vartamAna kAla meM hI paryAya kI avasthiti hotI hai| prastuta naya pratyeka padArtha meM bheda hI bheda dekhatA hai| 5. zabda naya-kAla, kAraka, liMga, saMkhyA Adi bheda se artha bheda mAnanA zabda naya kA viSaya hai / yaha naya eka hI padArtha meM kAla, kAraka Adi bheda se bheda mAnatA hai| 6. samabhirUr3ha-zabda naya kAla, kAraka, liMga, saMkhyA Adi ke bheda se artha meM bheda mAnatA hai| para vaha eka liMga vAle ekArthaka zabdoM meM kisI prakAra bheda nahIM maantaa| para yaha naya vyutpatti mUlaka zabda bheda se artha bheda mAnatA hai| kyoMki pratyeka zabda kI apanI apanI vyutpatti hai / usake anusAra usakA artha bhinna-bhinna hotA hai| 7. evaMbhUta naya-samabhirUr3ha naya vyutpatti se arthabheda hai, aisA mAnatA hai / kintu prastuta naya jaba vyutpatti labhya artha ghaTita hotA hai tabhI usa zabda kA artha svIkAra karatA hai| ina sAta nayoM ke bhI do avAntara bheda haiM, dravyAthika aura paryAyArthika / dravyArthika naya meM naigama, saMgraha aura vyavahAra tathA 35 anyonya guNa bhUtaika bhedAbhedamarUpaNAt / . naigabho'rthAntara ratvokto naigamA mAsa iSyate / / -laghIyasyaya 2 / 5 / 32 36. ato vidhipUrvaka bhava haraNaM vyvhaar| -tatvArtharAjavArtika 1 / 33 / 6 37. bhedaM prAdhAnyato'nvicchan RjusUtra nayo mataH / -ladhIyastraya 3 / 671 38. samAstu dvi bheda-dravyAthika payArthikazca / -pramANanaya tatvAloka 7 / 4 / 5 32 rAjendra-jyoti Jain Education Intemational
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________________ paryAyArthika naya meM RjusUtra, zabda samabhirUr3ha aura evaMbhUta kA samAveza ho jAtA hai / jo nayavastu ke dharma kA niSedha karatA hai vaha durnaya hai| naya pramANa aura apramANa donoM se bhinna hai / vaha to pramANa kA eka aMza hai| jisa prakAra samudra kA aMza na samudra hai aura na asamudra hai kintu vaha samudrAMza hai / 10 / naya vastu ke eka dharma taka hI sImita rahatA hai / syAdvAda kA kathana vastu ke samagra dharmoM kA grahaNa karatA hai aura isakA kathana eka dharma kA grAhaka hai| ataH syAdvAda sakalAdeza hai aura naya vikalAdeza / isakA tAtparya yaha havA ki sakalAdeza kI vivikSA sakala dharmoM ke prati aura vikalAdeza kI vivikSA vikala dharma ke prati hai|1 anekAnta syAdvAda aura saptabhaMgI pratyeka padArtha apane Apa meM akhaMDa hai, ekarUpa hai aura ananta guNa dharmoM se saMyukta hai| usake apane svataMtra guNa aura paryAya haiN| kisI bhI vastu kA nirUpaNa usake pratipakSI guNa dharma kI apekSA se kiyA jAtA hai| anekAnta vastu kI aneka dharmitA ko siddha karatA hai aura syAvAda usakI vyAkhyA karane meM eka svarNima sUtrapAta karatA hai / saptabhaMgI vyavasthiti vizleSaNa prastuta karatI hai| saptabhaMgI kI kathana zailI meM eka hI vastu meM avirodhapUrvaka vidhi aura prati bodha tatvoM kA sundara nirvAha hotA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki saptabhaMgIvAda syAdvAda kA vizleSaNa hai / jijJAsu ke antarmAnasa meM sahaja hI jijJAsA udbuddha ho sakatI hai ki saptabhaMgI kyA hai aura isakI kyA upayogitA hai ? isa prazna ke uttara meM kahA gayA hai ki-saMsAra kI pratyeka vastu ke svarUpa ke kathana meM sAta prakAra ke vacanoM kA prayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai apekSA ke mahatva ko le kara sAta prakAra ke vacanoM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| pratyeka zabda ke do vAcya hote haiM-vidhi aura niSedha / pratyeka vidhi ke sAtha niSedha hai aura pratyeka niSedha ke sAtha vidhi bhI hai kyoMki ekAntarUpa se na koI vidhi hai aura na koI niSedha hI hai| dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se vastu kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / sAta prakAra ke jo bhaMga batAe gaye haiM unakA nirUpaNa isa prakAra hai 1. syAd asti 5. syAt asti avyaktaM 2. syAd nAsti 6. syAt nAsti avyakta 3. syAdasti nAsti 7. syAt asti nAsti avyaktaM 4. syAt avyaktaM inameM se prathama bhaMga vidheyAtmaka vicAra ke AdhAra para banA hai| isameM vastu ke astitva kA vidheyAtmaka bhASA meM pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya bhaMga niSedhAtmaka vicAra ke AdhAra para nirmita hai| isameM vastu ke astitva rUpa kA niSedhAtmaka DhaMga se vivecana kiyA gayA hai / tRtIya bhaMga vidhi aura niSedha kA kramazaH vivecana karatA hai| prastuta bhaMga prathama aura dvitIya ke saMyoga se banA hai| caturtha bhaMga vidhi evaM niSedha kA yugapat pratipAdana karatA hai| donoM kA pratipAdana karanA yaha vacana kI zakti se bAhara hai isalie ise avyakta kahA gayA hai| paMcama bhaMga vidhi aura avyakta donoM kA vivecana karatA hai| prastuta bhaMga prathama aura caturtha ke saMyoga se nirmita hai| chaThA bhaMga niSedha aura avyakta kA pratipAdaka hai| yaha bhaMga dvitIya aura caturtha ke saMyoga se banA hai| saptama bhaMga vidhi niSedha aura avyakta kA vivecana hai / yaha tRtIya aura caturtha bhaMga ke saMyoga se banA hai| ___abhiprAya yaha hai ki kisI bhI vastu meM jo astitva hai vaha nirapekSa nhiiN| kintu usake apane svarUpa kI apekSA se hai / apane svarUpa kI apekSA se vaha sat hai aura parasvarUpa kI apekSA se asat bhI hai| isa prakAra dArzanika jagata meM jaina darzana dvArA prastuta anekAntavAda athavA syAdvAda siddhAnta eka anupama yogadAna hai| jo sadA sarvadA divya divAkara kI bhAMti vizva sAhityAkAza meM pradIptamAna hotA rahegA aura apanI jvalaMta jyoti se janamAnasa ko jyotirmaya karatA rhegaa| 39. svAyi pretAdidezA di tarAzA pralApI punarnayAbhAsA -pramANanaya tatvAloka 40. nA samudraH samutdovA samudrAMzI yathaiva hi / nAyaM vastu na cAvastu vastvaMzo kathyate buddhaiH / / zlokavArtika 41. syaadvaadsklaadeshonyoviklsNkthaa-lchiiysypH-3|6|62 42. praznavAde kasmin vastunyavirodhena vidhi pratiSedha vikalpanA saptabhaMgI-tatvArtharAjavArtika 116 TIkA 43. saptabhiHprakAraiH vacana vinyAsaH saptabhaMginiH gIyate (vartamAna samAja aura. ...pRSTha 27 kA zeSa) ko lAMghanA cAhatA hai| vartamAna samAja kA eka vyakti yA vastu kA apane guNa paryAyoM se vAstavika abheda ho sakatA hai, para do vyaktiyoM meM vAstavika abheda saMbhava nahIM hai| isa taraha jaba vastusthiti hI anekAntamayI yA anaMta dharmAtmaka hai taba manuSya sahaja hI yahI socane lagatA hai ki dUsarA vAdI jo kaha rahA hai usakI sahAnubhUti se samIkSA honI cAhie aura usakA vastu sthiti mUlaka samIkaraNa honA cAhiye / mAnasa samatA ke liye anekAnta darzana hI ekamAtra sthita ho sakatA hai| isa prakAra aneka ta darzana se vicAra zuddhi ho jAtI hai, jaba svabhAvataH vANI se namratA aura samanvaya kI vRddhi utpanna hotI hai| vartamAna samAja meM agara anekAMta darzana kA jIvana ke vyavahAra meM prayoga kiyA jAtA hai to vahA~ citta meM samatA, mAdhyasthabhAva, niSpakSatA kA udaya hotA hai / 0 vI. ni. saM. 2503