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________________ syAdvAda kI lokamaMgala dRSTi evaM kathanazailI zAntAkumArI dharmAvata, ema. e. "satya kyA hai ?" yaha eka prazna hai jisa para hajAroM hajAra evaM lAkhoM lAkha varSoM se vicAra hotA AyA hai| isa prazna para vicAra karanevAlA ekamAtra manuSya hai / mAnava jAti niraMtara satya kI khoja karatI rahI hai, satya ko jAnane ke lie utsuka rahI hai / Aja bhI satya kA jijJAsu eka aise caurAhe para khar3A hai, jahA~ sabhI prakAra ke prAcAra, vicAra, bolI, deza vAle vyaktiyoM ke Ane-jAne kA tAMtA lagA huA hai / vahA~ AnevAle pratyeka vyakti se vaha eka hI prazna pUchatA hai - satya kyA hai ? aura pratyeka vyakti alaga-alaga uttara detA huA Age bar3ha jAtA hai / eka kahatA hai ki satya pUrva meM hai to dUsarA kahatA hai ki nahIM, satya pazcima meM hai / koI kucha aura koI kucha kahakara apane dAyitva kA nirvAha kara rahA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki pratyeka vyakti satya ko apanI dRSTi se parakhatA hai aura jisa dRSTi se dekhatA hai, jisa rUpa meM dekhatA hai, use hI satya mAnane lagatA hai / pariNAmataH usake lie jhagar3ane laga jAtA hai ki 'nahIM nahIM, tuma saba jhUThe ho, gumarAha ho, satya ko nahIM pahacAnate ho, apanI bakavAsa baMda karo / satya to mere pAsa hai, zrAzro maiM tumheM satya ko dikhAtA huuN|' isakA yaha artha huA ki satya bAjAra meM bikanevAlI vastu hai aura vaha kImata dekara kharIdI jA sakatI hai, athavA satya kA bhI nIlAma ho rahA hai| vizva meM usake sivAya satya kisI ke pAsa hai hI nahIM / prAya: mAnava mAna letA hai ki vaha jo kahatA hai, vahI satya hai / jo vaha jAnatA hai, vahI satya hai / mAnava kI isa mAnyatA meM satyadRSTi nahIM, apitu usakA ahaMkAra chipA huA hai / kisI ko buddhi kA ahaMkAra hai to kisI ko dhana kA aura kisI ko pratiSThA kA / pariNAmataH usane apane ahaMkAra ko hI satya kA rUpa de diyA hai aura usake lie vAdavivAda, saMgharSa karane tathA lar3ane aura marane mArane ko bhI taiyAra ho jAtA hai / jo merA hai vahI satya hai / yaha mUla bIja hai to bahuta choTA, lekina jaba yaha prAgraha kA bhUta sira para savAra ho jAtA hai to vigraha paidA kara detA hai / jisase saMgharSa ke svara aura vaira-virodha ke viSaile vRkSa lahalahAne laga jAte haiM / zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne eka dRSTi dI, vicAra diyA ki satya zAzvata hai, lekina yaha mata kaho ki merA satya hI satya hai / ekAnta prAgraha satya nahIM hai aura na vaha satya kA janaka hai / jaba taka yaha dRSTi nahIM ho jAyegI ki -- ' yatsatyaM tanmadIyam' taba taka satya kI khoja nahIM kara sakate / satya ko pAne ke lie anAgraha kI dRSTi apanAnI par3egI / anAgrahadRSTi kisI pakSavizeSa se Abaddha na hone kA nAma hai / jaba anAgrahadRSTi hogI to satya svayaM pratibhAsita ho jAyegA, usakI prApti ke lie prayAsa, parizrama nahIM karanA par3egA / dhammo dovo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai
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________________ CHEVE KO caturtha khaNDa / 80 isa anAgrahaSTi kA nAma hI syAdvAda anekAntavAda hai| yaha satya ko dhanaMta mAnakara calatA hai / phalataH jahA~ bhI jisa kisI se bhI satya milatA hai, anAgraha evaM vinamra bhAva se use apanA letA hai / grahazIlatA Adi ke bAre meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke kathana kA niSkarSa yaha hai ki jo apane-apane mata kI prazaMsA karate haiM aura dUsaroM kI niMdA meM tatpara haiM aura aisA karane meM hI pAMDitva samajhate haiM ve isa saMsAra meM cakkara lagAte rahate haiN|" anekAntadarzana ke anusAra pratyeka sat padArtha utpAda vyaya dhauvyAtmaka hai, arthAt paryAya se utpanna aura vinaSTa hotA huA bhI dravya se dhruva hai| koI bhI vastu isakA apavAda nahIM hai| maulika tatvoM ke bAre meM unhoMne sUtra diyA" uppanne vA vigame vA vedavA" -tattva utpatti vinAza aura provyayukta hai| padArtha rUpa se rUpAntarita hote hue bhI apane astitva, sthAyitva se vihIna nahIM ho jAtA hai / lokavyavahAra kA tAnA-bAnA bhI ina tripadoM se guMdhA huA hai| jaise ki vyakti vyakti ke rUpa meM eka hai, sthAyI hai avazya lekina sAtha jur3ane vAle sambandha banate aura bigar3ate rahate haiN| vyakti pitA hai, putra hai, bhAI bhatIjA, sAlA, bahanoI, mAmA prAdi aneka sambandhoM se jur3A huA hai, jinakI yathAvasara abhivyakti hotI rahatI hai| putra kI apekSA pitRtva kI utpatti ho jAtI hai aura pitA kI apekSA usakA pitA rUpa gauNa hokara putrarUpa kI utpatti ho jAtI hai / lekina ina pitA aura putra donoM rUpoM meM vyakti apane vyaktirUpa dhauvya se vihIna nahIM ho jAtA hai| vyakti hai, tabhI to usake sAtha jur3ane vAle sambandhoM kA utpAda, vinAza yathAvasara ho sakA hai| 1 loka vyavahAra maiM eka vyakti ke sAtha aneka sambandhoM kA jur3anA kAlpanika nahIM hai / hama pratIta ko jIvana paramparA ko chor3a bhI deM to bhI dartamAnakAlIna sau varSa ke sImita jIvanakAla meM bhI aneka sambandhoM kI zrRMkhalA jur3I huI hai| janasAhitya meM kuberadatta aura kuberadattA kA prakhyAna prasiddha hai, jo janmataH bhAI-bahina the lekina bhAgya- durbhAgya se aThAraha sambandha vAle bana gaye / ve nAte-sambandha bhAI-bahina, pati-patnI Adi se lekara pitA-putrI prAdi aneka rUpoM meM prakaTa hue / yadyapi una sambandhoM, dharmoM meM vibhinnatA thI, lekina ve sabhI apekSAdRSTi se ghaTita hue jaba ina pratItisiddha nAtoM kA apalApa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA taba ananta dharmAtmaka vastu meM vidyamAna dharmoM ke kathana ke lie anekAntavAda-syAdvAda kA virodha kaise sambhava hai ? apanI aikAntika dRSTi se hama kucha bhI mAnale kintu satya ko samajhane ke lie vastu meM ananta dharmoM kI sthiti ko mAnanA hI par3egA yadIyaM svayamarthebhyo rocate tatra ke vayam / jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra meM, cintana ke pratyeka prAyAma meM hama paraspara viruddha do sthitiyoM ke spaSTa darzana karate haiM / yaha donoM sthitiyA~ sApekSa haiN| ekAnta asti yA ekAnta nAsti jaisA nirapekSa kucha bhI nahIM hai mrataH 'hI' kA prayoga karake saphala nahIM ho skte| saphalatA prApti ke 1. sayaM sayaM pasaMsaMtA garahaMtA paraM vayaM / je u tattha viussanti saMsAre te viussiyA || 2. sad dravyalakSaNam / utpAdavyayadhIvyayuktaM sat / sUtrakRtAMga 1 / 1 / 2 / 23 tattvArtha sUtra, a05
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________________ syAvAda kI lokamaMgala dRSTi evaM kathanazailI |81 lie 'bhI' kA prayoga Avazyaka hai| 'bhI' kA prayoga saphala, ziSTa aura sarvamAnya praNAlI hai aura isake darzana hameM apane pratidina ke jIvana-vyavahAra meM hote haiM / apekSAoM kI siddhi 'hI' se nahIM 'bhI' se sambhava hai / 'bhI' kA prayoga yaha abhivyakti detA hai ki svasatya to satya hai hI, lekina dUsarA bhI satya hai / vizvavandya bhagavAn mahAvIra ne syAdavAda siddhAnta ke dvArA yahI sUtra diyA hai ki eka pakSa kI sattA svIkAra karate hue dUsare pakSa ko bhI usakA satya kahane do aura usa satya . ko svIkAra kro| yaha sirpha dArzanika cintana nahIM hai kintu sampUrNa jIvana ko sparza karane vAlA hai aura isake dvArA hama garIboM durbaloM aura alpasaMkhyakoM ko nyAya de sakate haiM / prAja jo saMgharSa, vargabheda, vigraha Adi haiM unakA mUla kAraNa eka-dUsare ke dRSTikoNa ko na samajhanA hai, vaiyaktika haTha va Agraha prAdi haiN| apUrNatA ke dvArA pUrNa ko jAnane ke samasta prayAsa aAMzika satya ke jJAna se Age nahIM jA pAte haiM aura AMzika satya ko hI jaba pUrNa satya mAna liyA jAtA hai taba saMgharSa paidA honA avazyambhAvI hai| satya na kevala utanA hai ki jitanA hama jAnate haiM apitu vaha to apanI pUrNa vyApakatA lie hae hai| isalie manISI cintakoM ko kahanA par3A ki use tarka, vicAra, buddhi aura vANI kA viSaya nahIM banAyA jA sakatA hai| mAnavabuddhi satya ko jAnane meM samartha avazya hai| kintu pUrNatA prApta kiye binA use pUrNarUpa meM nahIM jAna sakatI hai| aisI sthiti meM jaba taka hama apUrNa haiM, hamArA jJAna apUrNa hai, vicAra apUrNa hai, taba taka apUrNa jJAna se prApta upA ko pUrNa nahIM kahA jA sakatA / use AMzika satya kahA jAyegA aura satya kA AMzika jJAna dUsaroM ke dvArA prApta jJAna kA niSedha nahIM kara skegaa| isalie isa prakAra kA dAvA karanA mithyA hogA ki merI dRSTi hI satya hai, mere pAsa hI satya hai / Adhunika vijJAna ne bhI zodha se yahI siddha kiyA hai ki vastu anekAtmaka hai| pratyeka vaijJAnika satya kA zodhaka hai / isalie yaha dAvA nahIM karatA hai ki sRSTi ke rahasya aura vastutattva kA pUrNajJAna prApta kara liyA hai| vaijJAnika sApekSavAda kA siddhAnta yahI to kahatA hai ki hama kevala sApekSa satyoM ko jAna sakate haiM, nirapekSa satya ko pUrNadRSTAgamya hai / ataH dUsaroM ke jJAta satya ko asatya nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai aura ApekSika satya apekSAbheda se satya ho sakate haiN| syAdvAda kI bhI yahI dRSTi hai| ___ isa prakAra vyAvahArika, dArzanika aura vaijJAnika AdhAroM se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki vizva kI saMracanA vividha virodhoM kA samanvita rUpa hai aura ve saba usake dharma haiM, svabhAva haiN| unake atirikta vizva kA anya koI rUpa nahIM hai| ye virodha pratidvandvI nahIM hai kintu paraspara sApekSa haiN| unakA AdhAra eka hai aura ve AdhAra ke prati ekaniSTha haiM / isa tathya ko svIkAra karane para vaicArika saMgharSa aura vivAda ke lie avakAza hI nahIM raha jAtA hai| pakSapAto na me vIre, na dvaSaH kapilAdiSu / yuktimad vacanaM yasya, tasya kAryaH parigrahaH // 2 1. (ka) naiSA tarkeNa mtiraapneyaa|-ktthopnissd (kha) nAyamAtmA pravacanena labhyo na medhayA na bahunA zrutena |-munnddkopnissd (ga) savve sarA niyattaMte takkA tattha na vijji|-aacaaraaNgsuutr 2. ssdddrshnsmuccy-ttiikaa| dhammo dIvo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai
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________________ RELA. A APAN Sonside B hAmi Answer UNawala nkinar PARAN catuthaM khaNDa / 82 / RANDANA karaMARY RAN RECEO arcamArcana mujhe na to mahAvIra ke prati pakSapAta hai aura na kapilAdi munigaNoM ke prati dveSa / lekina yaha AkAMkSA hai ki jo bhI vacana yuktiyukta ho use grahaNa kruu| isa prakAra syAdvAda ne vyakti ko usa asIma ucca dharAtala para lAkara khar3A kara diyA, jahA~ vaha apane svavicAroM kI kasauTI kre| upAdhyAya zrI yazovijayajI ne vaicArika sahiSNutA ke lie syAdvAda ke avalambana kI AvazyakatA kI ora saMketa karate hue kahA haisaccA anekAMtavAdI kisI darzana para dveSa nahIM karatA hai| vaha saMpUrNa nayarUpa darzanoM ko isa prakAra kI vAtsalyadRSTi se dekhatA hai jisa prakAra koI pitA apane putroM ko dekhatA hai| kyoMki anekAMtavAdI kI nyUnAdhika buddhi nahIM hotI hai| vAstava meM saccA zAstrajJa kahA jAne kA vahI adhikArI hai jo syAdvAda kA avalaMbana lekara sampUrNa darzanoM meM samAnatA kA bhAva rakhatA hai| mAdhyasthya bhAva hI zAstroM kA gUr3ha rahasya hai, yahI dharmavAda hai / madhyastha bhAva rahane para zAstra ke eka pada kA jJAna bhI saphala hai, anyathA karor3oM zAstroM ke par3ha jAne se bhI koI lAbha nahIM hai|' syAdvAda-kathanazailI zabdazAstra kI dRSTi se pratyeka zabda ke mukhya rUpa se vidhi aura niSedha ye do vAcya hote haiM / ekAnta rUpa se na koI vidhi saMbhava hai aura na koI niSedha hii| vidhi aura niSedha ko lekara jo saptabhaMgI banatI hai, vaha isa prakAra hai (1) syAt asti| (2) syAt nAsti / (3) syAt asti-nAsti / (4) syAt pravaktavyam (5) syAt asti avaktavyam ) syAt nAsti vaktavyam (7) syAt asti nAsti vaktavyam isa saptabhaMgI meM asti, nAsti aura pravaktavya ye mUla tIna bhaMga haiN| isameM tIna dvisaMyogI aura eka trisaMyogI isa taraha cAra bhaMga milane se sAta bhaMga hote haiN| asti-nAsti, asti-pravaktavya aura nAsti-pravaktavya se dvisaMyogI bhaGga haiN| ye tInoM rUpa AgamoM meM vidyamAna haiN| jaise ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ne gaNadhara gautama svAmI ke prazna kA uttara dete hue kahA yasya sarvatra samatA nayeSu tanayeSviva / tasyAnekAntavAdasya kva nyUnAdhikazemuSI / tena syAdvAdamAlaMbya sarvadarzanatulyatAM / mokSoddezavizeSeNa yaH pazyati sa zAstravit / / mAdhyasthameva zAstrArtho yena taccAru siddhayati / sa eva dharmavAdaH syAdanyad vAlizavalganam / / mAdhyasthasahitaM hya kapadajJAnamapi prabhA / zAstrakoTivathaivAnyA tathA coktaM mahAtmanA / / -adhyAtmavAda 69-72
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________________ syAdvAda kI lokamaMgala dRSTi evaM kathanazailI / 83 "ratnaprabhA pRthvI svAt AtmA hai, syAt prAtmA nahIM, svAt avaktavya sva kI apekSA astitva hai, para kI apekSA astitva nahIM hai, yugapat - donoM kI apekSA avaktavya hai| ina tInoM vikalpoM ke saMyoga se zeSa cAra vikalpa banate haiN| unameM se svAt prasti nAsti syAdastipravaktavya aura syAt nAsti vaktavya yaha tIna dvisaMyogI tathA svAdasti nAsti avaktavya yaha eka trisaMyogI bhaMga hai / saptabhaMgoM ke samUha ko saptabhaMgI kahate haiM / unakI nirmANa prakriyA kA mukhya AdhAra yaha hai- praznakartA dvArA prazna upasthita kiye jAne para uttaradAtA eka vastu meM paraspara praviruddha nAnA dharmoM kA nizcaya karAne ke lie vivakSApUrvaka vAkya kA prayoga karatA hai aura isa vAkyaprayoga ke lie zarta yaha hai ki eka hI vastu meM jo sat aura asat yAdi dharmoM kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai vaha pramANa se aviruddha ho / 4 saptabhaMgoM ke lakSaNa isa prakAra haiM (1) svAt prasti yaha prantha dharmoM kA niSedha na karate hue vidhi-viSayaka bodha utpanna karanevAlA vacana hotA hai / jaise - kathaMcit yaha ghaTa hai / (2) syAt nAsti -- dharmAntara kA niSedha na karate hue niSedhaviSayaka bodhajanaka kathana ko syAt nAsti kahate haiN| jaise--kathaMcit ghaTa nahIM hai / (3) syAt prasti nAsti yaha eka dharmI meM krama se prAyojita vidhi pratiSedha vizeSaNa kA janaka vAkya hotA hai / jaise- kisI apekSA se ghaTa hai aura kisI apekSA se nahIM hai| (4) syAt pravaktavya nirdiSTa parigRhIta svarUpa tathA pravivakSita para-rUpa Adi kI vivakSA karane para pravaktavya vizeSaNa vAle bodha kA janaka vAkya / jaise-ghaTa kA kathaMcit vacana ke dvArA kathana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai / - (5) syAt asti - avaktavya --- dharmI vizeSya meM satvasahita pravaktavya vizeSaNa vAle jJAna kA janaka vAkya / jaise - kathaMcit ghaTa hai kintu usakA kathana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai / (6) syAt nAsti vaktavya dharmI vizeSya meM asatya sahita avaktavya vizeSaNa vAle jJAna kA janaka vAkya jaise kathaMcit ghaTa nahIM hai aura pravaktavya hai / (7) syAt prasti nAsti vaktavya - eka dharmI meM satva asatva sahita pravaktavya vizeSaNa vAle jJAna kA janaka vAkya jaise--kathaMcit hai, nahIM hai, isa rUpa se paTa pravaktavya hai / 1. bhagavatI 12 / 10 2. zramISAmeva trayANAM mukhyatvAccheSabhaMgAnAM ca saMyogajatvenAmISvevAntarbhAvAditi / syAdvAdamaMjarI, zloka 24 kI vyAkhyA 2. saptAnAM bhaMgAnAM samAhAraH saptabhaMgIti / nyAyadIpikA 4. ekasmin vastuni praznavazAd eNTeneSTena ca pramANenAviruddhA vidhi pratiSedha-vikalpanA sapta bhaMgI vijJeyA / - tatvArtharAjavArtika 116 dhammo dIyo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai
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________________ na caturtha khaNDa /84 vastu to anantadharmAtmaka hai, ata: unakA kathana karane vAle zabda bhI ananta hoNge| phira bhI una saba kathanoM kA samAhAra syAdasti Adi ukta saptabhaMgI meM ho jAtA hai|' isa prakAra syAdvAda saMkucita evaM anudAra dRSTi ko vizAla banAtA hai / yaha vizAlatA, udAratA hI pArasparika sauhArda, sahayoga, sadbhAvanA evaM samanvaya kA mUla prANa hai| prAja , ke yuga meM to isakI aura bhI adhika AvazyakatA hai| samAnatA aura sahaastitva kA siddhAnta syAdvAda ko svIkAra kiye binA phalita nahIM ho sakatA hai| udAratA aura sahayoga kI bhAvanA tabhI balavatI banegI jaba hamArA cintana kathana anekAntavAdI hogaa| satya ke mArga para prAyA humA vyakti haThI nahIM hotA hai balki syAdvAdI hotA hai| jaba taka vizva anekAMta dRSTisyAdvAda ko svIkAra nahIM karegA taba taka saMsAra meM zAnti honA saMbhava nahIM hai| vizva ko apane vikAsa ke lie syAdvAda kA zAzvata sarala mArga svIkAra karanA Avazyaka hai| vAstava meM yahI vizvamaMgala kI prAdya ikAI hai| yahI syAdavAda kI lokamaMgaladRSTi hai| pucchAvaseNa bhaMgA satteva du saMbhavadi jassa jayA / vatthatti taM pauccadi sAmaNNavisesado niyadaM / / -tattvArtharAjavAtika