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________________ 865 48686866664596MINMAMAAR svAdhyAya kA sarala svAdhyAya * zrI lakSmIcandra 'saroja' upakrama * svAdhyAya kA mahatva par3he-likhe aura binA par3he-likhe, sabhI vyaktiyoM ke liye samAna rUpa se hai phira bhI zrotA kI apekSA vaktA kA aura prazna pUchane vAle kI apekSA uttara dene vAle kA mahatva utanA adhika hai ki jitanA bhI zakya aura sambhava hai| yadi zrotA na ho to vaktA kisa ke lie pravacana kareM? aura vaktA nahIM ho to zrotA kisase-kisake pravacana sune? svAdhyAya ke AdhAra-bhUta vaktA aura zrotA kA sambandha to roTI-dAla jaisA hai para kabhI-kabhI paristhiti vizeSa meM vaktA zrotA aura zrotA vaktA bhI bana sakatA hai| anubandha itanA hai ki vaktA aura zrotA donoM ko viSayavida aura vaktRtva kalAvida honA caahie| yaha parama prasannatA kI bAta hai ki jaina granthakAroM ne vaktA aura zrotA ke sadgaNoM aura durgaNoM kI ora bhI saMketa kiyA hai para yadi yaha kahA yA likhA jAve ki Aja ke samAja meM acche vaktA aura zrotA kA abhAva sA hai to atizayokti nahIM hogii| dhArmika pravacana to vaise hI hAziye para A gae haiM jaise satsAhitya A gayA yA aura rAjanIti sAhitya sadaza dharma-kSetra meM chA gaI hai| pravacana para vacana ho ge| hameM eka zreSTha vaktA aura zrotA banane ke lie na kevala svAdhyAya kA sarala svAdhyAya karanA hogA balki svAdhyAya ke viSaya ko bhI bakhUbI samajhanA hogA aura paThita viSaya kA dainika jIvana meM prayoga karake jIvana ke dharAtala ko unnata aura ujjvala bhI banAnA hogaa| vaktA aura zrotA banane ke lie utsAha-jijJAsA, dhairya-satsaMga, buddhi-yukti to cAhie hI sAtha hI zraddhA-jJAna-cAritra, deva-zAstra-guru kI pahicAna kI zakti aura unameM anurakti tathA una jaisI pravRtti evaM saMsAra-zarIra-bhogoM se virakti bhI caahie| mahaja antarAtmA kI anubhUtiyoM kI, apanI sunizcita bhASA zailI bhAva-bhaMgimoM meM bolane se kAma nahIM calegA balkina jana sAdhAraNa kI samajha meM Ane lAyaka viSaya-cayana, bhASA-zailI, ucita udAharaNa tarka-vijJAna kA bhI sahArA lenA hogaa| bAta to saMyuktika sAragarmita hogI hI para use sarvathA satya yA parama satya manavAne kA pUrvAgraha tyAMganA hogaa| yadi hama dhArmika svAdhyAya ke sandarbha meM kucha laukika prasaMga bhI deM aura anya dhArmika prakaraNoM meM samAnAntara sUrya satya siddhAntoM ko lekara tulanAtmaka adhyayana-anubhava abhyAsa kareM to vaktA aura zrotA kA jJAna suvikasita hogA tathA vaktA kA zrotAoM para AkarSaka prabhAva par3egA yAnI svAdhyAya saphala hogaa| svAdhyAya, usa satsaMga kA mUlAdhAra hai jisake kAraNa ratnAkara sadRza Thaha Adi kavi maharSi vAlmIki bana sake the aura vidyuccora-ajana cora bhI nimrantha hokara loka meM pratiSThA pA sake the| jJAna-jJAnI jananI - jisa jJAna ke binA mukti zrI nahIM milatI aura jisa jJAna kI sabhI dharmoM ke AcAryoM ne sarAhanA kI usI jJAna ke viSaya meM 'chahaDhAlA' ke sukavi paMDita daulatarAma jI ne prastuta padya likhakara gAgara meM sAgara hI bhara diyA hai - jJAna samAna na Ana jagata meM sukha ko kaarnn| iha paramAmRta janma jarAmRta roga nivaarnn|| (143)
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________________ ___ cUMki jJAna se bar3hakara saMsAra meM kucha bhI nahIM hai, ataeva vaha sukha kA mUlabhUta kAraNa hai| yadi loka meM kacha parama amata hai to vaha jJAna hai. jo janma aura jarA tathA maraNa ko miTAne meM samartha hai| baDI yA bhaiMsa isa kahAvata ko isameM nihita vAstavika satya Azaya ko bhalA kauna nahIM jAnatA? aura mAnavIya jagatI usake bala aura dhana se bahata baDI hai, vaha to atIta se Aja taka sarya satya hI banA hai| andhe AdamI ke lie sUradAsa sadRza prajJA cakSu zabda kA prayoga bhI Apane sunA hogA aura prayoga kiyA bhI hogA tathA usakI upayogitA pUchane para kisI vidvAna ne Apako yaha bhI batAyA hogA ki carma cakSu kI apekSA prajJA cakSu kA mahatva utanA adhika hai ki jitanA bhI isa dizA meM zakya aura sambhava hai| mukha meM nAka ke Upara sthita bAhara se dIkhane vAlI A~kheM yadi nahIM bhI hoM to koI cintA kI bAta nahIM hai para yadi antara meM sthita bhItarI buddhi aura viveka kI A~kha jAtI rahe to samajho ki hamAre pAsa kucha bhI nahIM bcaa| sambhava hai Apane kisI krodhita pitA ko apane putra se yaha bhI kahate sunA ho ki kyA tumhAre hiye kI bhI phUTa gaI hai| bhagavAna kare ki kisI kI bAhara yA bhItara kI A~kheM phUTeM para yadi honahAra yA amiTa bhAgya kI preraNA se kadAcita aisA avasara A hI jAve to bAhara kI A~kheM bhale phUTa jAveM para bhItara kI A~kheM nahIM phUTeM anyathA aneka sUradAsa, homara, milTana vizva ko satsAhitya na de paaveNge| yoM to bAtacIta ke daurAna meM sabhI apane liye kaccA aura baccA nahIM balki caccA aura saccA jJAnI hI hone kA dama bharate haiM aura apane jJAna evaM dharma ko ekadama zuddha parimArjita aura pariSkRta hone kA damya yA dAvA bhI karate haiM parantu mujhe to isa dizA meM pArzvapurANa ke praNetA bhUdharadAsa jI kA 'bodhidurlabha' bhAvanA viSayaka dohA hI adhika upayukta lagatA hai| koI mAne yA na mAne para hai sUrya satya - dhana kana kaMcana rAja-sukha, sabahi sulabha kara jaan| durlabha hai saMsAra meM, eka jathAratha jnyaan|| arthAt saMsAra meM saba kucha sahaja sulabha hai para vAstavika Atmika jJAna nahIM aura isIlie sukarAta ko Know Thy selt arthAt apane ko pahicAno kahanA par3A tathA vaidika maharSiyoM ko bhI 'AtmAnaM biddhi' artAt svayaM ko AtmA ko jAno likhanA pdd'aa| jinhoMne Atmika jJAna, Atmabodha, AtmAnubhUti, antara kI A~kha athavA vivekamayI hitAhita kI dRSTi pA lI, ve hI mere lekhe sacce jJAnI haiM, jinakI bhItara aura bAhara kI A~kheM satarka sakriya aura sajaga hokara eka ora jJAna ke Aloka meM sarvasva yA sva tatva dekhatI haiM aura dUsarI ora loka meM 'nahAsti kiMcana' (loka meM merA kucha bhI nahIM) arthAt sva tatva AtmA lekhatI haiN| aisI eka se adhika IzvaroM yA paramAtmAoM ko janma aura jIvana dene vAlI svAdhyAya hai| saMkSepa meM eka vAkya meM, svAdhyAya to jJAna aura jJAnI donoM kI hI jananI hai aura sva para bheda vijJAna athavA zarIra aura AtmA ke rahasya ko samajhAne vAlI dIpa-zikhA yA dIpikA svAdhyAya hI hai| zikSA kI Adi srota - yaha to bacce se lagA kara bUr3he taka sabhI jAnate haiM ki zikSA apUrNa manuSya ko pUrNa banAtI hai aura zikSA ke dhyeya aura uddezya ke sambandha meM zikSA manovaijJAnika dRSTi se parAmarza leM to ve kaheMge ki zikSA kA dhyeya caritra nirmANa hai| aura zikSA kA uddezya to sadAcAra kI prApti hai| tathA yahI bAta hama spensara se pUMche to ve harvATa se bhI Age jAkara kaheMge ki zikSA kA uddezya to sarvatomukhI taiyArI hai| para ye sabhI bAteM to Aja ke yuga kI haiM jaba hama atIta kI apekSA Aja karor3oM kilomITara dUra A gaye haiM para jaba hama pahale mIla ke pahale phalga ke pahale kadama para rahe hoMge (144)
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________________ taba dharma au darzana, sAhitya aura rAjanIti, samAja aura rASTra tathA vizva jaise vividha viSayoM kI carcA to sudUra rahI, bhASA aura lipi, kAgaja aura syAhI tathA kalama jaisI sahaja sulabha cIjoM kA abhAva rahA hogA aura taba mAnavIya jIvana ko eka avicchinna saMgharSa kahane vAlI jo bhAvanA rahI hogI vahI svAdhyAya zikSA kA Adi strota hogI aura vahI usa samaya ke vyakti aura samAja ke alikhita adhyayana, anubhava, abhyAsa kI mUlabhUta preraNA rahI hogI / saMkSepa meM Aja ke yuga meM jitane bhI vividha viSaya haiM, ve saba eka se adhika varSoM ke svAdhyAyoM aura parIkSaNoM ke pariNAma haiN| vicAra ke dharAtala meM svAdhyAya hI zikSA kA vaha Adi srota hai, jisane mAnava ko yogyatAnusAra Age bar3hAyA aura bAra-bAra sikhalAyA ki AdamI, agara tU AdamI hai to AdamI ko AdamI samajha / merI AsthA hai ki atIta aura Aja ke yuga meM bhI isa se bar3hakara na koI dharma aura darzana atIta meM thA, na Aja hai aura na Age bhI hogaa| svAdhyAya kA artha- bhAva - svAdhyAya kA artha sIdhA sAdhA hai para mUlataH bhAvagahana cintana evaM manana ko apane meM sameTe haiN| svAdhyAya meM do zabda jur3e haiN| :- (1) sva (2) adhyAya / sva se abhiprAya AtmA kA hai aura adhyAya se Azaya prakaraNa, pATha, pariccheda, sarga Adi kA hai / ataeva samUce svAdhyAya zabda kA Artha huA ki AtmA ke adhyAya ko pddh'naa| dUsare zabdoM meM svAdhyAya kA sarala artha yaha hai ki dharma aura darzana sambandhI grantha par3hanA, zarIra aura AtmA ke bheda - vijJAna ko samajhanA, tIna kAla-chaha dravya aura chaha lezyA tathA chahakAya ke jIva, pA~ca astikAya, pA~ca vrata, pA~ca samiti, pA~ca gati, pA~ca jJAna, pA~ca cAritra ye sabhI mokSa ke mUlabhUta kAraNa haiM, ina para vizvAsa karane vAlA samyagdRSTi hai| yaha bAta zrI 1008 jinendra deva ne divyadhavani meM kahI hai| inake prayoga para hI loka-jIvana maMgalamaya hogA aura paraloka meM bhI sukha zAnti, santoSa samRddhi bhI prApta hogI / para svAdhyAya kA artha hamane anucita athavA anyathA yA apane hisAba se kara liyaa| apane Apa adhyayana karanA yA apane Apa par3hanA svIkAra kara liyA, jaba jaisA cAhA vaisA suna yA par3ha liyA, zaMkA hone para manamAnA samAdhAna karanA yA katarAnA bhI hamane sIkha liyaa| guru ke samparka meM AvazyakatA ko nakAra diyaa| apane Apa kA adhyayana, anubhava, abhyAsa to AzAtIta apUrNa hai aura yadvAtadvA tathA aSTa zaNTa evaM itanA anargala vikRta ho jAtA hai ki usa meM sudhAra karanA to pUrI himAlaya kI car3hAI hI bana jAtA hai| svAdhyAya kA apUrNa manamAnA artha svIkAra leM taba to ghara-ghara akhabAra, patra patrikA kA svAdhyAya ho gayA, saMsthAna meM AsIna saMcAlaka zreSTha bahIkhAtA yA lekhA jokhA dekheM to svAdhyAya ho gayA, bAlaka-bAlikAyeM pAThayakrama meM nirdhArita korsa va phorsa kI kitAbeM par3hane lageM to svAdhyAya ho gayA, yuvaka-yuvatiyA~ priya viziSTa lekhaka gulazanandA Adi ke unmAdaka upanyAsa par3heM to svAdhyAya ho gayA, mandira sthAnaka - upAzraya meM jAkara jo bhI grantha hAtha A gayA, use kahIM se bhI par3ha liyA so svAdhyAya ho gayA, yaha zuddha bhrama hai, jo dUra honA hI caahiye| eka svAdhyAya zabda meM tIna zabda jur3e haiM :- (1) va (2) adhi (3) aay| sva kA artha apanA yA AtmA hai aura adhi kA artha jJAna hai, tathA Aya kA artha AmadanI hai, prApti hai| isalie apanI AtmA kA jJAna prApta karanA hI svAdhyAya hai| cUMki pUrva anuccheda meM ullekhita kAryoM se AtmAnubhUta, Atmabodha, AtmasaMyama kI aNubhara bhI prApti nahIM hotI hai ataeva ve sabhI kArya ubAU dimAga bigADU damaghoMTU kArya haiN| unase bacanA cAhie aura kisI prAmANika vastavika vidvAna- guru (zramaNa) ke mArga darzana (145)
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________________ svAdhyAya karane kA svabhAva bar3hAnA cAhie / jinavANI meM svA dhyAya ke hetu jo cAra anuyoga batalAe haiM, ye haiM - (1) prathamAnuyoga (2) karaNAnuyoga (3) caraNAnuyoga (4) drvyaanuyog| ina cAroM anuyogoM kA hI kramazaH suvidhAnusAra svAdhyAya karanA caahie| eka anuyoga ko prAthamikatA dekara bhI anya anuyoga ko asvIkAra nahIM karanA caahie| jaba cAroM anuyoga, jinendradeva kI divya dhvani dvArA samarthita haiM taba unheM jaise kA taisA hI krama se par3hanA caahie| zaMkA hone, samajha meM na Ane, puSTi ke hetu kisI vidvAna yA zramaNa se pUcha lene meM gaurava kI hAni nahIM samajhanA cAhie / svAdhyAya ke pA~ca prakAra svAdhyAya tapa ke pAMca prakAra haiM athavA svAdhyAya ko sArthaka banAne vAle, svAdhyAya ko suvikasita karane vAle pA~ca tatva haiM, jinheM AcArya umA svAmI ne apane amara grantha 'mokSa - zAstra' meM navameM adhyAya ke 35 veM sUtra meM isa prakAra likhA hai -vAcanAvRcchanAnuprekSAmnAya dharmopadezAH arthAt svAdhyAya ko vAcanA, pRcchanA, anuprekSA, AmnAya aura dharmopadeza ina pA~ca tatvoM ke AdhAra para utanA suvikasita karanA cAhie ki jitanA bhI zakya aura sambhava ho / (1) vAcanA - dharma-grantha ke zabdoM ko nirdoSa uccAraNa karake suspaSTa par3hanA-par3hAnA, paThita zabdoM kA sahI 'AgamAnusAra prakaraNAnusAra artha svayaM samajhanA aura anya janoM ko bhI samajhAnA, zabda aura artha donoM ko dRSTi patha meM rakhate hue bhavya jIvoM kI unakI bhASA zailI meM samajhAnA / (2) pRcchanA apane saMzaya ko dUra karane ke lie athavA svAdhyAya dvArA sIkhe hue viSaya ko sadRr3ha banAne ke lie, vinayamayI buddhi aura vinamra viveka lie kisI vidvAna yA guru sAdhu se prazna pUchanA pRcchanA hai parantu apane adhyayana anubhava abhyAsa kI abhivyakti ke lie, apanI vidvannA badhArane ke lie apanA prabhutva sthApita karane, anya ko apamAnita karane ke lie prazna pUchanA anucita nindya hai / - - (3) anuprekSA - vidvAna vaktA yA AcaraNazIla AcArya dvArA pratipAdita dhArmika viSaya yA tatva carcA ke viSaya meM punaH punaH vicAra karanA, manana- cintana nididhyAsana karanA, sahaja sulabha paThita- likhita jJAna ko apane jJAna kI tulA para Agama ke pariprekSya meM taulanA anuprekSA hai / (4) AmnAya nirdoSa (hrasva-dIrgha-virAma para dhyAna rakhate) suspaSTa (zuddha uccAraNa karate) na adhika jaldI na adhika dhImeM svara meM bhAvanAtmaka dRSTikoNa lie zuddhatama pATha karanA / pramAda rahita hokara, utsAhapUrvaka paThana-pAThana karanA varNita viSaya samajhanA - samajhAnA AmnAya hai / (5) dharmopadeza dharma kA hI upadeza denA, dharma dhAraNa karane kI preraNA avazya denA para karma-bandha kA svarNopadeza nahIM denA / dhArmika tAtvika carcA meM gambhIra viSaya ko sarvasAdhAraNa kI sarala subodha bhASA zailI meM samajhAnA, jIvana ke dharAtala ke unnata karane ke lae dharmopadeza binA pUche bhI denA ucita hai| svAdhyAyaM paraMtapaH jisa svAdhyAya ko jainAcAryoM ne paraMtapa kahA, usI ko zrAvaka ke nitya karmoM meM tIsarA sthAna diyA aura zraddhA-viveka-kriyA bar3hAne ke lie do bAra anivArya bhI kara diyaa| svAdhyAya bAhara se dekhane para bhale hI sAmAnya lage para bhItara hI bhItara kitanA gambhIra tama kArya hai yaha virale vivekI hI samajha pAte haiN| AsanoM meM jaisA zavAsana sarala lagatA hai para zArIrika zithilIkaraNa indriya-mana nigraha karanA kAphI kaThinatama lagatA hai vaise hI svAdhyAya meM indriya aura mana ko niyantrita kara, kisI viziSTa viSaya para hI kendrita kara UhApoha karanA kaSTa sAdhya kArya hai / dharma sabhA meM baiThakara svAdhyAya karanA aura zaMkA-samAdhAna karanA koI gur3iyoM kA khela nahIM hai aura sabhI jijJAsuoM ko samyakkItyA samAdhAna kara pAnA to himAlaya kI evaresTa kI hI car3hAI hai| vaktA kA eka guNa jahA~ praznoM kI bauchAra se (146) -
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________________ vicalita nahIM honA batalAyA vahA~ zrotA kA eka guNa 'sAra sAra ko gahi rahe, thothA deya ur3Aya' bhI khaa| zrotA pUrvApara vicAraka hone ke sAtha paristhiti vizeSa meM nissaMyojana svabhAvI ho aura apane antaHkaraNa meM pUrvAgraha vaza koI bhUla bhrama ho to bhI nissaMkoca svIkAra kara sudhAra le| AcArya pravara umAsvAmI ne apane amaragrantha mokSa zAstra apara nAma tatvArtha sUtra meM navameM adhyAya meM nirjarA tatva kA varNana karate huye do prakAra ke tapa batalAye haiM :- (1) bAhyatapa (2) Abhyantara tp| donoM hI prakAra ke tapa chaha chaha prakAra ke batalAye haiN| (1) bAhyatapa se Azaya una tapoM kA hai jo zarIra sambandhI hoM aura bAhara se dikheN| ye anazana, avamaudarya, vRttiparisaMkhyAna, rasa-parityAga, vivikta zayyAsana aura kAyakleza haiN| (2) Abhyantara tapa se abhiprAya unatapoM se hai,jo AtmA ke samIpa ke sambandhI guNa hai aura jo bAhara dikhAI nahIM dete haiN| ye prAyizcita, vinaya, vaiyAvRtya, svAdhyAya, vyutsarga aura dhyAna hai| tapoM ke vargIkaraNa ko dRSTi-patha meM rakhate hue svAdhyAya ko AbhyAntara tapa kahA. jA sakatA hai| jaise agni, ghAsa ke Dhera ko kSaNa bhara meM jalA kara rAkha kara detI hai vaise hI tapa bhI sabhI karmoM ko jalA ke lie naSTa kara detA hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM AcArya zivakoTine yaha likhA para tapa kyA hai? prastuta prazna kA saMkSipta uttara yaha hai ki icchA kA nirodha karanA tapa hai| aura aisA tapa uttama saMhanana dhAraka hI kara pAte haiM, vizeSatayA dhyAna tapa ve bhI adhika tapa antarmuhUrta taka hI kara pAte haiN| svAdhyAya kI zakti kA rahasya - svAdhyAya kI zakti kA rahasya apAra hai| svAdhyAya kA rahasya itanA mahatvamaya hai ki vaha zaitAna, haivAna ko bakhUbI insAna hI nahIM balki bhagavAna bhI banAne meM samartha hai parantu svAdhyAya ke nimna likhita sUtroM ko dRSTi-patha meM rakhanA anivArya hai - (1) jiyAt apane ko pahicAna, jio aura jIne do kI bhAvanA liye ho| (2) svAdhyAya eka ora dhArmika ho aura dUsarI ora manovaijJAnika tathA aadrshvaadii| (3) svAdhyAya-sukha-zAnti lAne, Aha aura karAha miTAne, parantu jJAna ke damya, vijJAnapana, pradarzana ke liye nahIM ho| (4) svAdhyAya sikhAtI hai ki jo jAnatA hai ki vaha jAnatA hai, sacamuca jJAnI hai| (5) svAdhyAya sikhAtI hai ki jo jAnatA hai para nahIM jAnatA hai ki jAnatA hai, sIdhA hai| (6) svAdhyAya jatalAtI hai ki jo nahIM jAnatA ki vaha nahIM jAnatA hai, zUnya hai| (7) svAdhyAya sikhalAtI hai ki jo nahIM jAnatA para jAnatA ki jAnatA hai, mUrkha hai| uttarAdhyayana meM AcArya rAmasena ne svAdhyAya aura dhyAna ke viSaya meM likhA - svAdhyAd dhyAnama dhyamAstAM dhyAnAt svaayyaaymaamnet| dhyAna svAdhyAya sampatyA paramAtmA prkaashte|| arthAt svAdhyAya ke pazcAt dhyAna aura dhyAna ke pazcAta svAdhyAya, isa prakAra dhyAna aura svAdhyAya kI punarAvRtti se paramAtma svarUpa upalabdha hotA hai| 26 zAstrI kaoNlonI jAvarA (madhyapradeza) (147)