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________________ sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita kucha RSiyoM kI pahacAna DaoN0 aruNapratApa siMha sUtrakRtAMga jaina aMga sAhitya kA dvitIya grantha hai / prAcInatA evaM viSaya ke dRSTikoNa se isakA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / isakA prathama zrutaskandha AcArAMga evaM RSibhASita ke samAna prAcIna hai / sUtrakRtAMga meM mukhyataH darzana sambandhI varNana hai jinameM jaina evaM jainetara - donoM paramparA ke matoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / ina ullekhoM se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki sUtrakRtAMgakAra kA mukhya uddezya anya matoM kA khaNDana evaM jaina mata kA maNDana karanA hai / isI saMdarbha meM sUtrakRtAMgakAra kucha RSiyoM kA ullekha karatA hai / inameM nami videhI, rAmaputta, bAhuka, nArAyaNa, asita devala, dvaipAyana evaM pArAzara mukhya haiM / ' ina RSiyoM ke sambandha meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki inhoMne sacitta jala, hare bIjoM kA sevana karate hue bhI siddhi ko prApta kiyA thA / inakA ullekha jaina dharma se itara RSiyoM ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai kyoMki jaina dharma ke sAmAnya niyama ke anusAra inakA sevana eka muni ke lie niSiddha hai / phira bhI ina RSiyoM ke lie aneka prazaMsAsUcaka zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / inake lie prayukta mahApuruSa, tapodhana, mahaSa, siddha Adi vizeSaNoM se ina RSiyoM kI mahattA evaM lokapriyatA svataH spaSTa hotI hai / yahA~ yaha prazna vicAraNIya hai ki ye RSi mAtra paurANika haiM yA inakI aitihAsikatA siddha kI jA sakatI hai / inakI aitihAsikatA siddha karane ke lie yaha Avazyaka hai ki inakA ullekha anya granthoM se bhI prApta ho / pUre bhAratIya sAhitya kA avalokana karane se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki ina RSiyoM kA ullekha na kevala sUtrakRtAMga evaM anya jaina granthoM meM huA hai apitu vaidika evaM bauddha sAhitya meM bhI inakA ullekha pracuratA se prApta hotA hai / bhAratIya sAhitya meM ina RSiyoM kA ullekha, jahA~ taka maiM khoja kara sakA hU~, nimna prakAra se hai 1. AhaMsu mahApurisA puvvi tattatavodhaNA / udaeNa siddhimAvannA tattha maMdo visIyati // abhuMjiyA namI videhI rAmagutte yA bhuMjiA / bAhue udagaM bhojjA tahA nArAyaNe risI // Asile devale ceva dIvAyaNa mahArisI / pArAsare dagaM bhoccA bIyANi hariyANi ya // ete puvvaM mahApurisA AhitA isa saMmatA / bhoccA bIodagaM siddhA iti meamaNussua || sUtrakRtAMga, 1/3/4/1-4 saM0 amara muni, AtmajJAna pITha, mANasA )
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________________ DaoN0 aruNapratApa siMha nami videhI --RSi nami kA ullekha sUtrakRtAMga ke atirikta anya jaina grantha, vaidika tathA bauddha sAhitya meM bhI prApta hotA hai| tInoM paramparAoM meM inheM videha, maithila aura rAjarSi kahA gayA hai / bauddha dharma ke jAtaka sAhitya meM nami kA ullekha pratyeka buddha ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| jaina sAhitya ke eka prAcIna grantha uttarAdhyayana meM bhI nami kA ullekha pratyeka buddha ke rUpa meM huA hai| isameM nami ke tyAga kA ullekha karate hue kahA gayA hai ki unhoMne apane sabhI sambandhiyoM evaM mithilA nagarI ko chor3akara abhiniSkramaNa kiyaa|' rAjarSi ( rAyarisI) ke rUpa meM prasiddha nami ko krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ko vaza meM karane vAlA kahA gayA hai / nami kI zikSAoM kA sAra yaha hai ki manuSya ko apane andara hI yuddha karanA cAhie tathA pA~ca indriyoM, cAra kaSAyoM (krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha) ko jItanA caahie| apane se apane ko jItakara hI saccA sukha prApta hotA hai / vaidika sAhitya ke graMtha mahAbhArata meM nami kA ullekha uttarAdhyayana ke samAna hI huA hai| mahAbhArata meM inheM "nimi" kahA gayA hai tathA inheM videha kA adhipati kahA gayA hai| mahAbhArata meM nimi kA ullekha una rAjAoM evaM mahAtmAoM kI zreNI meM huA hai jinhoMne jIvana meM kabhI mAMsa kA sevana nahIM kiyA thaa|" mahAbhArata meM eka anya nimi kA bhI ullekha prApta hotA hai| inheM maharSi dattAtreya kA pUtra kahA gayA hai| parantu inakI samatA sUtrakRtAMga evaM uttarAdhyayana meM vaNita nami se nahIM kI jA sktii| mithilA nareza ke rUpa meM nami tInoM paramparAoM meM mAnya haiN| rAmaputta --sUtrakRtAMga kI kucha pratiyoM meM rAmaputta kA varNana rAmagutta ( rAmagupta ) ke rUpa meM huA hai| rAmagupta prasiddha gupta samrATa samudragupta kA putra tathA candragupta vikramAditya kA agraja thaa| prApta pramANoM se yaha siddha hotA hai ki yaha eka jaina dharmAvalambI nareza thA / isakA zAsana atyanta alpa thA tathA anta atyanta duHkhada / parantu yadi hama ise rAmaputta mAnakara siddhi prApta karane vAle anya RSiyoM kI zreNI meM rakhate haiM to hamAre sAmane aneka kaThinAiyA~ upasthita ho jAtI haiN| prathama to yaha ki sUtrakRtAMga ko hameM caturtha-paJcama zatAbdI meM le jAnA par3egA jo sambhava nahIM hai / aneka pramANoM se yaha siddha ho cukA hai ki sUtrakRtAMga kA yaha prathama zrutaskandha jisameM rAmaputta kA varNana hai, AcArAMga ke samAna hI prAcIna hai| isake atirikta mihilaM sapurajaNavayaM, balamorohaM ca pariyaNaM savvaM ciccA abhinikkhatto, egantamahiTThio bhagavaM uttarAdhyayana, 9/4 vahI, 956 appANameva appANaM, jaittA suhamehae dujjayaM ceva appANaM, savvaM appe jie jiyaM vahI, 9 / 35, 36 mahAbhArata, Adiparva 11234 vahI, anunAsika parva, 115 / 65 vahI, anunAsika parva 91 / 5 6.
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________________ 220 sUtrakRtAMga meM vaNita kucha RSiyoM kI pahacAna samrAT rAmagupta ke bAre meM hameM jo jAnakArI upalabdha hai, usameM use kahIM bhI siddhi prApta karane vAlA nahIM batAyA gayA hai| rAmaputta ko rAmagupta mAnane kI truTi yA to bhUlavaza yA akSaroM ke jJAna ke abhAva meM ho gaI pratIta hotI hai| sUtrakRtAMga meM jisa rAmaputta kA varNana hai, vaha samrATa nahIM varan arhat RSi rAmaputta hai| rAmaputta ke bAre meM hameM jaina evaM bauddha donoM srotoM se vistRta jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| RSibhASita meM jo spaSTataH eka prAcIna grantha hai, rAmaputta sambandhI eka alaga adhyAya hI hai|' rAmaputta kI jo zikSAe~ isameM varNita haiM usase rAmaputta apane samaya ke eka mahAn cintaka RSi pratIta hote haiM / RSibhASita ke atirikta sthAnAMga' evaM anuttaropapAtika bhI rAmaputta kA ullekha karate haiN| sUtrakRtAMga ke atirikta sthAnAMga kI sUcanA ke anusAra antakRdazA kI prAcIna viSayavastu meM eka rAmaputta nAmaka adhyayana thA jo vartamAna antakRddazA meM anupalabdha hai| sambhavataH isa adhyayana meM rAmagupta ke jIvana evaM upadezoM kA saMkalana rahA hogaa|... sUtrakRtAMga aura RSibhASita donoM se hI yaha siddha ho jAtA hai ki rAmaputta mUlataH nirgrantha paramparA ke nahIM the, phira bhI usameM unheM sammAnapUrNa sthAna prApta thaa|" arhat rAmaputta kA varNana prAcInatama bauddha sAhitya meM prApta hotA hai| pAli sAhitya meM rAmaputta kA pUrA nAma uddaka rAmaputta diyA gayA hai tathA yaha batAyA gayA hai ki rAmaputta mahAtmA buddha se jyeSTha the / 5 satya jJAna kI khoja meM mahAtmA buddha jaba gRha-tyAga karate haiM to unakI bheMTa rAmaputta se hotI hai| mahAtmA buddha rAmaputta kA ziSya banakara unase dhyAna kI prakriyA sIkhate haiN| pUrNa jJAna prApta karane ke pazcAt buddha rAmaputta ko adhyAtma vidyA kA satpAtra jAnakara unheM upadeza denA cAhate haiM parantu taba taka rAmaputta kI mRtyu ho cukI rahatI hai| uparyukta tathyoM se yaha bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki rAmaputta mahAvIra evaM buddha ke samakAlIna eka aitihAsika RSi the jo dhyAna paddhati kI apanI viziSTa praNAlI ke lie prasiddha the| durbhAgyavaza vaidika sAhitya se hameM abhI taka rAmaputta ke bAre meM koI jAnakArI prApta nahIM ho sakI hai| bAhuka--sUtrakRtAMga meM bAhuka kA bhI arhat RSi ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA gayA hai| jaina, bauddha evaM vaidika tInoM srotoM se hameM bAhuka ke bAre meM jAnakArI prApta hotI hai / RSibhASita, 23vA~ adhyAya sthAnAMga, 755 anuttaropapAtika, 316 RSibhASita eka adhyayana, pR0 61-62 ( lekhaka-DaoN0 sAgaramala jaina, prakA0-prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura, 1988 ) Dictionary of Pali Proper Names, Vol. I, PP. 382-83 ( Ed. J. P. Malal Sekhar, 1937 )
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________________ DaoN0 aruNapratApa siMha 221 RSibhASita ke 14veM adhyAya meM bAhuka ke upadezoM kA saMkalana hai| RSibhASita evaM sUtrakRtAMga ke atirikta kAlAntara ke granthoM-sUtrakRtAMga cUNi' evaM zIlAMkAcArya kI sUtrakRtAMga vatti' meM bhI bAhuka kA ullekha prApta hotA hai| ina sAre sandarbho meM bAhuka eka sammAnita RSi ke rUpa meM prastuta haiN| bAhuka kI mUla zikSA jo hameM RSibhASita meM prApta hotI hai, vaha tRSNA ( bhAvanA ) evaM saMsAra ke tyAga se sambandhita hai| bAhuka ke anusAra kevala vahI vyakti mokSa mArga kI ora niSkaMTaka hokara prayANa kara sakatA hai jisane apanI tRSNAoM ko jIta liyA hai isake viparIta tRSNAoM se parAjita vyakti narakagAmI banatA hai| spaSTataH bAhuka anAsakta bhAva se kiye hue kAma para bala dete haiM aura kahate haiM ki niSkAmabhAva se kiyA huA karma hI muktipathagAmI hotA hai| bauddha sAkSya bAhuka RSi kA ullekha nahIM karate apitu bAhiya dArucIriya nAmaka eka arhat RSi kA varNana avazya karate haiN| aMguttara nikAya meM bAhiya kA ullekha eka aise RSi ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai jo satya kA sadyaH sAkSAtkAra kara letA hai| bauddha sAhitya meM isa bAhiya ko mahAtmA buddha kA ziSya kahA gayA hai| jahA~ taka vaidika sAhitya meM bAhaka ke varNana kA prazna hai, isameM bAhuvrakta nAmaka RSi kA ullekha milatA hai|5 Rgveda ke kucha mantra unake dvArA prasphuTita batAe jAte haiN| isake atirikta anya koI sUcanA hama bAhuka RSi ke bAre meM nahIM pAte, jisakI samatA hama jaina evaM bauddha granthoM meM varNita bAhuka yA bAhiya se kara skeN| mahAbhArata meM eka bAhaka kA nAmollekha avazya huA hai, parantu eka yoddhA ke rUpa meN| mahAbhArata ke vanaparva meM mahArAjA nala ko bhI bAhuka kahA gayA hai jaba ve chadma veza meM ayodhyA nareza ripavarNa ke yahA~ the| eka bAhuka nAmadhArI nAga kA bhI ullekha mahAbhArata meM prApta hotA hai jo janmejaya ke sarpayajJa meM dagdha ho gayA thaa| hama nizcaya hI bAhuka nAmadhArI ina puruSoM kA bAhuka RSi se sambandha sthApita nahIM kara skte| uparyukta tathyoM se yaha sambhAvanA prabala dikhAI par3atI hai ki sUtrakRtAMga evaM RSibhASita meM varNita bAhuka gautama buddha ke ziSya bAhiya hI haiN| RSibhASita meM svayaM gautama buddha evaM unake aneka ziSyoM kA varNana sammAna ke sAtha kiyA gayA hai| bAhuka kI jo zikSAyeM RSibhASita meM varNita haiM, ve bauddha dharma kI zikSAoM ke anurUpa haiN| bauddha dharma meM duHkhoM kA mUla kAraNa tRSNA mAnA gayA hai aura RSibhASita meM bAhuka tRSNA ke parihAra kI hI bAta 1. sUtrakRtAMgacUNi, pR0 121 sUtrakRtAMga zIlAMka TIkA, pR0 15 isibhAsiyAiM, pR0 27 Pali Proper Names, Vol. II, PP. 281-83 mahAbhArata kI nAmAnukramaNikA pR0 216 mahAbhArata, vanaparva, 66020 vahI, Adiparva, 173 / 13 5. 7.
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________________ 222 sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita kucha RSiyoM kI pahacAna karate haiN| icchA kA damana tabhI sambhava hai jaba hama tRSNA se mukta hoN| RSibhASita meM bAhuka ko icchA se rahita hone kA upadeza dete hue prastuta kiyA gayA hai|' nArAyaNa nami, rAmaputta evaM bAhuka ke samAna nArAyaNa kA bhI ullekha eka arhat RSi ke rUpa meM sUtrakRtAMga meM huA hai| sUtrakRtAMga ke samAna RSibhASita meM bhI unheM atyanta sammAna ke sAtha prastuta kiyA gayA hai / 2 RSibhASita meM nArAyaNa kI jo zikSAe~ saMkalita haiM, ve mukhyataH krodha ke nirasana ke sambandha meM haiN| upamAoM ke mAdhyama se krodha kI bhayAvaha prakRti ko samajhAne kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| nAgayaNa RSi ke anusAra agni ko zAnta kiyA jA sakatA hai, parantu krodha kI agni ko zAnta karanA asambhava hai| agni to kevala isI jIvana ko naSTa karatI hai parantu krodha kI agni to bhaviSya ke kaI janmoM ko naSTa kara detI hai| ataH mokSAbhilASI vyakti ko krodhAgni kA nirasana karanA caahie| vaidika sAhitya meM nArAyaNa kA ullekha eka deva ke rUpa meM huA hai| mahAbhArata meM eka nArAyaNa RSi kA ullekha milatA hai jinhoMne badrikAzrama meM cAra hajAra varSoM taka tapasyA kI thii| mahAbhArata ke zAnti parva meM bhI nArAyaNa kA ullekha milatA hai| yahA~ RSi nArAyaNa ko devala RSi ke sAtha AdhyAtmika carcA karate hue prastuta kiyA gayA hai|4 bauddha sAhitya meM nArAyaNa RSi kA mujhe koI ullekha nahIM prApta huaa| uparyukta tathyoM se spaSTa hotA hai ki nArAyaNa RSi vaidika paramparA ke pratinidhi the jinakI tapasyA ke kAraNa vizeSa khyAti thii| asita devala -sUtrakRtAMga meM ullikhita RSi asita devala apane samaya ke vikhyAta RSi pratIta hote haiM / inakA ullekha jaina, bauddha evaM vaidika tInoM paramparAoM meM vistAra se prApta hotA hai| sUtrakRtAMga meM siddhi prApta karane vAle RSiyoM meM inakI gaNanA kI gaI hai, RSibhASita bhI inheM arhat RSi kahakara vipula sammAna detA hai| RSibhASita ke tIsare adhyAya meM vistAra se inakI zikSAoM kA varNana hai|5 asita devala ko sabhI prakAra kI icchAoM, bhAvanAoM evaM rAga ke nirasana kI zikSA dete hue prastuta kiyA gayA hai| ye krodha evaM icchA ko jItane kA upadeza dete haiM kyoMki inako jItakara hI koI vyakti mokSapatha kI ora prayANa kara sakatA hai| nArAyaNa RSi ke samAna inake bhI upadeza kA sAra yaha hai ki sAmAnya agni ko to zAnta kiyA jA sakatA hai parantu rAga kI agni ko zAnta karanA atyanta hI duSkara hai / 1. 2. akAmae kAlagae, siddhi patte akAmae isibhAsiyAI, pR0 27 vahI, adhyAya 36 mahAbhArata, vanaparva, 73 / 339 vahI, zAntiparva, 33 / 13-15 isibhAsiyAI, tIsarA adhyAya
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________________ DaoN0 aruNapratApa siMha 223 jaina paramparA ke samAna bauddha paramparA bhI asita devala se paricita hai| majjhima nikAya meM assalAyaNa sutta nAmaka eka alaga sutta hai jisameM AzvalAyana ke upadezoM ko saMkalita kiyA gayA hai| isa sutta meM asita devala ko brAhmaNoM ke jhUThe ahaMkAra se dUra hone kA upadeza dete hA prastata kiyA gayA hai| unake upadeza kA mala sAra yaha hai ki koI vyakti jAti se nahIM apitu karma se zreSTha hotA hai| indriya jAtaka meM bhI asita devala kA ullekha hai| isa jAtaka meM asita kA nArada RSi ke sAtha vArtAlApa varNita hai| isameM yaha ullekha hai ki nArada eka gaNikA ke premajAla meM phaMsa gye| isI sambandha meM asita devala dvArA nArada ko pratibodhita karane kA upadeza saMkalita hai| vaidika paramparA meM asita devala eka mahAn RSi ke rUpa meM varNita haiN| mahAbhArata ke Adi parva meM inheM mahAn tapasvI kahA gayA hai| isI parva meM mahAjJAnI, harSa evaM krodha se rahita jaigISavya muni se samatA ke viSaya meM asita devala kA vArtAlApa varNita hai| janmejaya ke sarpasatra meM jina RSiyoM evaM mahAtmAoM ne bhAga liyA thA, unameM asita devala kA bhI nAma AtA hai| mahAbhArata ke adhikAMza sthaloM meM asita devala nArada ke sAtha upasthita haiN| rAjA yudhiSThira ke abhiSeka kAla meM bhI ye nArada ke sAtha upasthita the| zAnti parva meM RSi nArada ke sAtha prANiyoM kI utpatti evaM vinAza sambandhI prazna para inakA vArtAlApa vaNita hai| ye nArada ko upadeza dete hue kahate haiM ki puNya aura pApoM ke kSaya ke lie jJAnayoga ko sAdhana banAnA caahie| mahAbhArata meM asita devala eka vRddha evaM buddhimAn RSi ke rUpa meM varNita haiN| jisa prakAra sUtrakRtAMga meM asita devala ko sacitta jala evaM bIjoM kA sevana karate hue siddhi prApta karane vAlA kahA gayA hai, usI prakAra mahAbhArata meM bhI asita devala ko gRhastha dharma kA Azraya lekara tapasyA karane vAlA kahA gayA hai| asita devala ko dharmaparAyaNa, jitendriya, mahAtapasvI tathA sabake prati samAna bhAva rakhane vAlA kahA gayA hai|" majjhima nikAya, 2 / 5 / 3 Pali Proper Names, Vol. I, P. 210 mahAbhArata, Adiparva, 1 / 107 mahAbhArata, sabhAparva 53 / 10 mahAbhArata, zAntiparva, 275 / 2 vahI, zalyaparva, 50 / 1 "dharmanityaH zucirdAnto nyastadaNDo mahAtapAH / karmaNA manasA vAcA samaH sarveSu jantuSu / / akrodhano mahArAja tulyanindAtmasaMstutiH / priyApriye tulyavRttiryabhavat samadarzanaH / / kAJcane loSThabhAve ca samadarzI mahAtapAH / devAnapUjayannityamatithIJca dvijaiH saha / / brahmacaryarato nityaM sadA dharmaparAyaNAH-vahI, zalyaparva 50/2-5
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________________ sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita kucha RSiyoM kI pahacAna tInoM paraMparAoM ke sAkSyoM ko dekhane se spaSTa hotA hai ki asita devala eka mahAn dharmaparAyaNa RSi the / ye vaidika paraMparA se sambandhita kiye jA sakate haiM kyoMki sUtrakRtAMgakAra inheM jaina paraMparA se bhinna eka aise RSi ke rUpa meM prastuta karatA hai jisane sacitta jala Adi kA sevana karate hue mokSa prApta kiyA thA / mahAbhAratakAra bhI asita devala ko gRhastha dharma kA pAlana karane vAlA mahAn RSi batAtA hai / samatvabhAva saMbandhI inake upadeza bhI donoM paraMparAoM meM samAna rUpa se varNita haiM / isake atirikta asita devala kA nArada ke sAtha saMbandha vaidika evaM bauddha donoM paraMparAoM meM prAyaH samAna hai / tInoM paraMparAoM meM inake vicAroM kI samAnatA inakI aitihAsika upasthiti ko puSTa karatI hai / 224 pAyaNa - jaina paraMparA meM sUtrakRtAMga ke atirikta anya graMthoM meM bhI dvaipAyaNa kA ullekha milatA hai / RSibhASita kA 40 vA~ adhyAya dvaipAyaNa se saMbandhita hai / isake atirikta samavAyAMga, aupapAtika evaM antakRdazA meM bhI dvaipAyaNa kI carcA hai / samavAyAMga meM dvaipAyaNa kA ullekha bhaviSya ke tIrthaMkaroM meM hai / aupapAtika meM inakA ullekha parivrAjaka paraMparA ke saMsthApaka ke rUpa meM huA hai to antakRddazA meM dvArakA nagara ke vidhvaMsaka ke rUpa meN| RSibhASita meM dvaipAyaNa ko icchA nirodha kA upadeza dete hue prastuta kiyA gayA hai / icchA ke kAraNa hI manuSya duHkhI hotA hai / icchA hI jIvana aura mRtyu kA kAraNa hai tathA sabhI burAiyoM kI jar3a hai / " icchA rahita honA hI mokSa-patha kI ora prathama kadama haiyaha dvaipAyaNa kI zikSA kA mUla sAra hai / jaina paraMparA ke samAna vaidika paraMparA meM bhI dU~ pAyaNa eka atyanta prasiddha RSi ke rUpa meM varNita haiM / mahAbhArata ke Adi parva meM inheM maharSi parAzara kA satyavatI se utpanna putra kahA gayA hai / dvaipAyaNa jinakA pUrA nAma kRSNa dvaipAyaNa hai, mahAbhArata ke racayitA kahe gaye haiM / isIliye inheM satyavatInandana vyAsa bhI kahA gayA hai| mahAbhArata meM mokSadharma para inakA vistRta upadeza prApta hotA hai / zAntiparva meM inako kAma, krodha, lobha, moha, bhaya aura svapna ko jItane vAlA kahA gayA hai / " 6 ddha sAhitya bhI RSi dvaipAyaNa se paricita hai / inake nAma ke samarUpa eka kaNha dIpAya jAtaka prApta hotA hai parantu isa jAtaka kA kathAnaka dvaipAyaNa sambandhI jaina evaM vaidika kathAnaka se bhinna hai| eka anya jAtaka meM RSi dvaipAyaNa dvArA dvArakA nagarI ke nAza kA ullekha hai jisake anusAra dvArakA nagarI ke vinAza ke sAtha hI vAsudeva vaMza kA bhI nAza ho 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. samavAyAMga, sUtra 159 aupapAtika; sUtra 38 antakRddazA, varga 2 itibhAsiyAI, 40 /1-4 "parAzarAtmajo vidvAn brahmarSi" mahAbhArata, Adiparva, 155 vahI, Adiparva 1 / 54 vahI, zAntiparva, 240|4-5
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________________ DA~0 aruNapratApa siMha _225 jAtA hai|' jAtaka kI yaha kahAnI kucha bhinnatA ke sAtha mahAbhArata ke mausalaparva meM dI gaI hai| ____ RSi dvaipAyaNa ke dvArA dvArakA evaM sAtha hI vAsudeva vaMza ke nAza kI kathA jaina, bauddha evaM vaidika tInoM paramparAoM meM samAna rUpa se prApta hotI hai| ataH isa ghaTanA para hama sandeha vyakta nahIM kara sakate / mahAbhArata yuddha ke aMta meM dvArakA evaM vAsudeva vaMza ke nAza kA jo bhI kAraNa rahA ho, RSi dvaipAyaNa kI sahabhAgitA usameM avazya rahI hogii| pArAzara-pUrvavaNita RSiyoM ke samAna RSi pArAzara bhI jaina paramparA se bhinna RSi ke rUpa meM sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita haiN| parantu sUtrakRtAMga ke atirikta anya kisI jaina grantha meM inakA ullekha prApta nahIM hotaa| bauddha sAhitya RSi pArAzara kA vaidika paramparA ke eka RSi ke rUpa meM ullekha karate haiM jo indriyoM ke nirodha kA upadeza diyA karate the| majjhimanikAya ke indriya bhAvanA nAmaka sutta meM inake upadezoM kA vistAra se ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isa sutta meM inheM parAsarIya kahA gayA hai / bauddha sAhitya eka aura parAsarIya nAmaka vidvAn brAhmaNa kA ullekha karate haiM jo rAjagRha kA nivAsI thA tathA tIna vedoM meM pAraMgata thA / parAsarIya dvArA bauddha saMgha meM praveza tathA arhat pada prApta karane kA ullekha hai| vaidika sAhitya meM pArAzara ke bAre meM vistAra se ullekha prApta hotA hai / mahAbhArata meM inheM mahAbhArata ke racayitA kRSNa dvaipAyaNa kA pitA kahA gayA hai| mahAbhArata meM inake jo upadeza saMgrahIta haiM, unameM mukhya rUpa se indriya saMyama, kSamA, dhairya, santoSa Adi mAnavIya guNoM ke vikAsa para bala diyA gayA hai| parAzara ke anusAra ye guNa hI manuSya kI mokSa prApti meM sahAyaka banate haiM / zAntiparva meM inake dvArA diyA gayA svakarma kA upadeza atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| manuSya apane hI karmoM ko bhogatA hai, dUsare ke kRta karmoM ko nhiiN| hama dekhate haiM ki jaina evaM bauddha donoM sAhitya parAzara ko vaidika paramparA se sambandhita karate haiM / majjhima nikAya ke indriya bhAvanA sutta evaM mahAbhArata meM pArAzara ke nAma se jo upadeza saMgrahIta haiM, unameM prAyaH samAnatA hai| jaina, bauddha evaM vaidika tInoM paramparAe~ inase paricita haiN| pArAzara vaidika paramparA ke RSi pratIta hote haiM jo mahAbhArata kAla ke AsapAsa rahe hoNge| sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita RSiyoM kI pahacAna karane kA hamane yathAsambhava prayAsa kiyaa| sUtrakRtAMga meM jisa prakAra ina RSiyoM kA varNana hai, unase spaSTa hai ki ye jainetara paramparA se 1. para 3. 4. Pali Proper Names, Vol. I, P. 501 mahAbhArata, mausalaparva, 1 / 19-21 majjhima nikAya, 3 / 5 / 10, pR0 609 Pali Proper Names, Vol. II, P. 190 mahAbhArata, Adiparva, 1155, 63184 vahI, zAntiparva, 290120
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________________ 226 sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita kucha RSiyoM kI pahacAna sambandhita the / ina RSiyoM ke upadeza evaM vicAra itane lokapriya the ki sUtrakRtAMgakAra ko unakA udAharaNa denA pdd'aa| ina RSiyoM ko apanI AlocanA kA pAtra banAkara bhI unako maharSi evaM siddhi prAptakartA kahakara unakI mahAnatA kA sammAna kiyA gayA hai| sUtrakRtAMga meM to sAmpradAyika abhiniveza ke darzana hote haiM, parantu isa graMtha se bhI prAcIna graMtha RSibhASita meM ina RSiyoM ko atyanta sammAna ke sAtha zraddhAsumana samarpita kiye gaye haiN| yahA~ sAmpradAyikatA kI gandha bhI nahIM hai / jaina paramparA ke samAna bauddha evaM vaidika paramparA ke prAcInatama sAhitya meM inake nAmoM kA honA inakI aitihAsikatA ko svayaM pramANita karatA hai| . aitihAsika tathyoM ke nirdhAraNa meM nitAnta vastuparaka daSTikoNa sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki vaijJAnika upakaraNoM kI bhA~ti hama inheM prayogazAlA meM siddha nahIM kara sakate / samrAToM kI bhA~ti ina RSiyoM kI koI rAjacihnAMkita mudrA yA abhilekha bhI prApta nahIM hote jisase inakI aitihAsikatA nirvivAda rUpa se pramANita kI jA sake / inakI aitihAsikatA ko siddha karane ke lie hamAre pAsa kevala sAhityika srota hI upalabdha haiN| vibhinna paramparAoM ke vibhinna graMtha jaba kisI vyakti yA ghaTanA para eka dRSTikoNa yA lagabhaga samAna dRSTikoNa rakheM to hameM usa vyakti yA ghaTanA kI aitihAsikatA para vizvAsa karanA cAhie kyoMki usakI prAmANikatA vibhinna paramparAoM ke sAkSya svayaM karate haiN| sUtrakRtAMga meM vaNita RSiyoM ke sambandha meM hama dekhate haiM ki saiddhAntika (dhArmika ) graMtha RSiyoM ke upadezoM evaM vicAroM ke bAre meM samAna dRSTikoNa rakhate haiN| udAharaNasvarUpa, arhat rAmaputta kA jo varNana hameM sUtrakRtAMga evaM RSibhASita meM prApta hotA hai prAyaH vahI varNana bauddha granthoM meM bhI hai| donoM hI paramparAe~ unheM dhyAna evaM samAdhi ke kSetra meM agraNI mAnatI haiN| isI prakAra arhad asita devala sambandhI vivaraNa tInoM paramparAoM meM prAyaH samAna hai tathA tInoM hI paramparAe~ unheM RSi nArada se sambandhita karatI haiN| RSi dvaipAyaNa ke sambandha meM jaina, bauddha evaM vaidika paramparA ke grantha samAna dRSTikoNa rakhate haiM--ye udAharaNa yaha siddha karate haiM ki ina RSiyoM kA aitihAsika astitva thaa| apanI mahAnatA apane vicAroM kI udAttatA ke kAraNa hI ye tInoM paramparAoM meM mAnya hue / yadyapi hama inake tithi krama kA nirdhAraNa nahIM kara sakate parantu yaha avazya kaha sakate haiM ki ina RSiyoM kA astitva mahAvIra evaM buddha ke pUrva yA samakAlIna avazya rahA hogA / pravaktA, prAcIna itihAsa zrI bajaraMga mahAvidyAlaya sikandarapura, baliyA u0pra0