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________________ zvetAmbara mUlasaMgha evaM mAthura saMgha : eka vimarza '- pro. sAgaramala jaina sAmAnyatayA jaina vidyA ke vijanoM evaM zodhakartAoM kI yaha spaSTa avadhAraNA hai ki mUlasaMgha aura mAthurasaMgha kA sambandha jainadharma kI digambara paramparA se hI hai, kyoMki jaina abhilekhoM evaM sAhityika srotoM meM mUlasaMgha evaM mAthurasaMgha ke ullekha sAmAnyatayA digambara paramparA ke sAtha hI pAye jAte haiN| saMyoga se lekhaka ko jainavidyA saMsthAna kI baiThaka meM lakhanaU jAne kA prasaMga AyA aura vahA~ use DaoN. zailendra kumAra rastogI Adi ke sahayoga se mathurA kI jaina mUrtiyoM ke saMgraha ko dekhane kA avasara milA, vahA~ jaba usane mathurA se prApta IsA kI dasavIM-gyArahavIM zatAbdI kI padmAsana mudrA meM lagabhaga 5 phITa UMcI vizAlakAya lekhayukta tIna jina pratimAyeM dekhI, to use eka sukhada Azcarya huaa| kyoMki ina tIna pratimAoM para zvetAmbara mUlasaMgha aura zvetAmbara mAthurasaMgha ke ullekha pAye jAte haiM jo ki atyanta virala hai| isake pUrva taka lekhaka kI bhI yaha spaSTa avadhAraNA thI ki zve. paramparA meM kisI bhI kAla meM mUlasaMgha aura mAthurasaMgha kA astitva nahIM rahA hai| ataH usane dhyAnapUrvaka ina lekhoM kA adhyayana karanA prAraMbha kiyaa| sarvaprathama lakhanaU myUjiyama ke usa rikArDa ko dekhA gayA jisameM ina mUrtiyoM kA vivaraNa thaa| yaha rikArDa jIrNa-zIrNa evaM TaMkita spa meM upalabdha hai| rikArDa ko dekhane para jJAta huA ki usameM J143 krama kI pArzvanAtha kI pratimA ke vivaraNa ke sAtha-sAtha abhilekha kI vAcanA bhI romana akSaroM meM dI gaI hai jisakA devanAgarI spAntaraNa isa prakAra hai-- saMvata 1036 kArtikazuklAekAdazyA zrIzvetAmbaramUlasaMghena pazcima catu (zthI), kayaM zrIdevanirmitA pratimA prtisthaapitaa| dUsarI J144 krama kI pratimA ke nIce jo abhilekha hai usakA vAcana isa prakAra diyA gayA zvetAmbara.... mAthura...... devanimmitA...... prtisthaapitaa| tIsarI 1 145 krama kI mUrti para jo abhilekha aMkita hai usakI vAcanA nimnAnusAra hai -- saMvat 1134 zrIzvetAmbara zrImAthurasaMgha zrIdevateti vinirmitApratimAkRta
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________________ 188 isa prakAra hama dekhate hai ki ina tInoM abhilekhoM meM se eka abhilekha meM zvetAmbara mUlasaMgha aura do abhilekhoM meM zvetAmbara mAthurasaMgha kA ullekha hai| vI.e. smitha ne apanI kRti 'di jaina stUpa eNDa adara eNTIkyUTIja Apha mathurA meM inameM se do lekhayukta mUrtiyoM ko prakAzita kiyA hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI ullekha kiyA hai ki phyUrara ke anusAra ye donoM mUrtiyA~ mathurA ke zvetAmbara saMgha ko samarpita thiiN| sva. pro. ke.DI. bAjapeyI ne bhI 'jaina zramaNa paramparA' nAmaka apane lekha meM, jo kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura se prakAzita arhat vacana patrikA ke janavarI 1992 ke aMka meM prakAzita huA hai, inameM se do abhilekhoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| inake anusAra 1143 krama kI pratimA ke abhilekha kI vAcanA isa prakAra hai -- "saMvat 1038 kArtika zukla ekAdazyAM zrI zvetAmbara (mAthara) saMghena pazcima... kAryA zrI devanimmita pratimA prtisstthaapitaa|" isI prakAra | 145 krama kI pratimA ke abhilekha kI unakI vAcanA nimnAnusAra hai -- "saMvat 1134 zrI zvetAmbara zrI mAthura saMgha -- zrI devanirmita pratimA kaariteti|" / pro. bAjapeyI kI J143 krama kI pratimA kI vAcanA phyUrara kI vAcanA se kvacita bhinna hai, prathama to unhoMne saMvat ko 1036 ke sthAna para 1038 par3hA hai dUsare mUlasaMghena ko ( mAthura) saMghena ke spa meM par3hA hai| yadyapi uparyukta donoM vAcanAoM 'zvetAmbara' evaM 'mAthurasaMgha ke sambandha meM vAcanA kI dRSTi se kisI prakAra kA koI matabheda nahIM hai| mUlasaMghana pATha ke sambandha meM thor3e gambhIra adhyayana kI apekSA hai| sarvaprathama hama isI sambandha meM vistAra se carcA kreNge| jaba maine 1 143 kramAMka kI mUrti ke lekha ko svayaM dekhA to yaha pAyA ki usameM utkIrNa zvetAmbara zabda bahuta hI spaSTa hai aura anya do pratimAoM meM bhI zvetAmbara zabda kI upasthiti hone se usake vAcana meM koI bhrAnti kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai| mUla zabda ke pazcAt kA saMghena zabda bhI spaSTa rUpa se par3hane meM AtA hai kintu madhya kA vaha zabda jise phyUrara ne 'mUla aura pro. bAjapeyI ne 'mAthura par3hA hai, spaSTa nahIM hai| jo abhilekha kI pratilipi mujhe prApta hai aura jo smitha ke grantha meM prakAzita hai usameM prathama 'ma' to spaSTa hai kintu dUsarA akSara spaSTa nahIM hai, use 'la 'lu aura 'dhu ina tInoM rUpoM meM par3hA jA sakatA hai| use 'mUla mAnane meM kaThinAI yaha hai ki 'ma ke sAtha 'U kI mAtrA spaSTa nahIM hai| yadi hama use mAthura' par3hate haiM to 'ma meM A kI mAtrA aura ra kA abhAva pAte hai| sAmAnyatayA abhilekhoM meM kabhI-kabhI mAtrAoM ko utkIrNa karane meM asAvadhAniyAM ho jAtI hai| yahI kAraNa rahA hai ki mAtrA kI sambhAvanA mAnakara jahAM phyUrara ke vAcana ke AdhAra para lakhanaU myUjiyama ke upalabdha rikArDa meM 'mUla mAnA gayA hai| vahIM pro. bAjapeyI ne 'U kI mAtrA ke abhAva ke kAraNa ise 'mUla par3hane meM kaThinAI kA anubhava
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________________ kiyA aura anya pratibhAoM meM 'mAthura' zabda kI upasthiti ke AdhAra para apanI vAcanA meM 'mAthura' zabda ko koSThakArntagata rakhakara mAthura pATha kI saMbhAvanA ko sUcita kiyaa| yaha satya hai ki isa pratimA ke lagabhaga 100 varSa pazcAt kI do pratimAoM meM mAthura zabda kA spaSTa ullekha hone se unakA jhukAva mAthura zabda kI ora huA hai kintu mujhe jitanI Apatti 'mUla pATha' ko mAnane meM hai usase adhika Apatti unake 'mAthura' pATha ko mAnane meM hai kyoMki 'mUla pATha mAnane meM to kevala 'U' kI mAtrA kA abhAva pratIta hotA hai jabaki mAthura pATha mAnane meM 'A' kI mAtrA ke abhAva ke sAtha-sAtha 'ra' kA bhI abhAva khaTakatA hai| isa sambandha meM adhika nizcitatA ke lie maiM DaoN. zailendra kumAra rastogI se samparka kara rahA hU~ aura unake uttara kI pratIkSA hai / sAtha hI svayaM bhI lakhanaU jAkara usa pratimA lekha kA adhika gambhIratA se adhyayana karane kA prayAsa karU~gA aura yadi koI spaSTa samAdhAna mila sakA to pAThakoM ko sUcita karU~gA / 18.6 mujhe duHkha ke sAtha sUcita karanA par3a rahA hai ki AdaraNIya pro. ke. DI. bAjapeyI kA svargavAsa ho gayA hai| phira bhI pAThakoM ko svayaM jAnakArI prApta karane ke lie yaha sUcita kara denA Avazyaka samajhatA hU~ ki yaha J 143 krama kI pratimA lakhanaU myUjiyama ke praveza dvAra se saMlagna prakoSTha ke madhya meM pradarzita hai| isakI UMcAI lagabhaga 5 phITa hai| J 143 krama kI pratimA ke abhilekha ke 'mUla' aura 'mAthura' zabda ke vAcana ke isa vivAda ko chor3akara tInoM pratimAoM ke abhilekhoM ke vAcana meM kisI bhrAMti kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai| una sabhI pratimAoM meM zvetAmbara zabda spaSTa hai| mAthura zabda bhI anya pratimAoM para spaSTa hI hai, phira bhI yahA~ isa sambandha meM uThane vAlI anya zaMkAoM para vicArakara lenA anupayukta nahIM hogaa| yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki inameM kahIM zvetAmbara zabda ko bAda meM to utkIrNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai ? kintu yaha saMbhAvanA nimna AdhAroM para nirasta ho jAtI hai : -- 1. ye tInoM hI pratimAeM mathurA ke utkhanana ke pazcAta se zAsanAdhIna rahI haiM ataH unake lekhoM meM paravartI kAla meM kisI paramparA dvArA parivartana kI saMbhAvanA svataH hI nirasta ho jAtI hai / punaH 'zvetAmbara mUla saMgha aura mAthura saMgha tInoM hI zabda abhilekhoM ke madhya meM hone se unake paravartIkAla meM utkIrNa kiye jAne kI AzaMkA bhI samApta ho jAtI hai| 2. pratimAoM kI racanAzailI aura abhilekhoM kI lipi eka hI kAla kI hai| yadi lekha paravartI hote to unakI lipi meM svAbhAvika rUpa se antara A jaataa| 3. ina pratimAoM ke zvetAmbara hone kI puSTi isa AdhAra para bhI ho jAtI hai ki pratimA kama J 143 ke nIce pAdapITha para do muniyoM kA aMkana hai, unake pAsa morapicchI sthAna para zve. paramparA meM pracalita Una se nirmita rajoharaNa pradarzita hai| 4. utkhanana se yaha bhI siddha ho cukA hai ki mathurA ke stUpa ke pAsa hI zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM paramparAoM ke alaga mandira the| jahA~ digambara paramparA kA mandira pazcima kI ora thA, vahA~ zvetAmbara mandira stUpa ke nikaTa hI thA / 5. ina tInoM pratimAoM ke zve. hone kA eka AdhAra yaha hai ki tInoM hI pratimAoM meM zrI devanirmita zabda kA prayoga huA hai| zvetAmbara sAhityika srotoM se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki
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________________ 160 usameM mathurA ke stUpa ko devanirmita mAnane kI paramparA thii| sAtavIM zatAbdI se lekara terahavIM zatAbdI taka ke aneka zvetAmbara granthoM meM isa stUpa ko devanirmita kahA gayA hai| pro. ke.DI. bAjapeyI ne jo yaha kalpanA kI hai ki ina mUrtiyoM ko zrI devanirmita kahane kA abhiprAya zrI deva (jina) ke sammAna meM ina mUrtiyoM kA nirmita honA hai -- vaha bhrAMta hai| unheM devanirmita stUpa sthala para pratiSThita karane ke kAraNa devanirmita kahA gayA hai| zve. sAhityika srotoM se yaha bhI siddha hotA hai ki jinabhadra, haribhadra bappaTiTa, vIrasari Adi zvetAmbara muni mathurA Aye the| haribhadra ne yahA~ mahAnizItha Adi granthoM ke punarlekhana kA kArya tathA yahA~ ke stUpa aura mandiroM ke jIrNoddhAra ke kArya karavAye the| 9vIM zatI meM bappabhaTTisUri ke dvArA mathurA ke stUpa evaM mandiroM ke punanirmANa ke ullekha suspaSTa hai / isa AdhAra para mathurA meM zve. saMgha evaM zve. mandira kI upasthiti nirvivAda rUpa se siddha ho jAtI hai| aba mUla prazna yaha hai ki kyA zvetAmbaroM meM koI mUlasaMgha aura mAthura saMgha thA aura yadi thA to vaha kaba, kyoM aura kisa paristhiti meM astitva meM AyA ? mUlasaMgha aura zvetAmbara paramparA mathurA ke pratimA kramAMka 1143 ke abhilekha ke phyUrara ke vAcana ke atirikta abhI taka koI bhI aisA abhilekhIya evaM sAhityaka pramANa upalabdha nahIM hai jisake AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA jA sake ki zvetAmbara paramparA meM kabhI mUla saMgha kA astitva rahA hai| jaisA ki hama pUrva meM sUcita kara cuke haiM isa abhilekha vAcana ke sambandha meM bhI do mata hai -- phyUrara Adi kucha vidvAnoM ne use 'zrI zvetAmbara mUlasaMghena paDhA hai, jabaki pro. ke.DI. bAjapeyI ne isake 'zrI zvetAmbara (mAthura ) saMghena hone kI sambhAvanA vyakta kI hai| sAmAnyatayA mUlasaMgha ke ullekha digambara paramparA ke sAtha hI pAye jAte haiN| Aja yaha mAnA jAtA hai mUlasaMgha kA sambandha digambara paramparA ke kundakundAnvaya se rahA hai| kintu yadi abhilekhIya aura sAhityika sAkSyoM para vicAra karate haiM to yaha pAte haiM ki mUlasaMgha kA kundAkundAnvaya ke sAtha sarvaprathama ullekha doDDa kaNagAlu ke IsvI san 1044 ke lekha meM milatA hai / yadyapi isake pUrva bhI mUlasaMgha tathA kundakundAnvaya ka svatantra-svatantra ullekha to 1. (a) sa. pro. DhAkI, pro. sAgaramala jaina, aispekTsa Ava jainAlAjI, khaNDa-2, (paM. becaradAsa smRti grantha) hindI vibhAga, jainasAhitya meM stUpa - pro. sAgaramala, pR.137-8 ] (ba) vividhatIrthakalpa - jinaprabhasUri, mathurApurI klp| arhat vacana, varSa 4, aMka 1, janavarI 2, pR. 10 / (a) vividhatIrthakalpa - jinaprabhasUri, mathurApurI klp| (ba) prabhAkacarita, prabhAcandra, siMdhI jaina granthamAlA, pR. saM. 13, kalakattA, pra.saM. 1640, pR.88-1111 jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, bhAga-2, maNikacandra digambara jaina granthamAlA samiti, saM.45, hIrAbAga, bambaI 4, pra.saM. 1852, lekhakramAMka 180 / /
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________________ 161 milate hai, kintu mUlasaMgha ke sAtha kundakundAnvaya kA koI ullekha nahIM hai| isase yahI phalita hotA hai ki lagabhaga IsA kI gyArahavIM zatAbdI meM kundakundAnvaya ne mUlasaMgha ke sAtha apanA sambandha jor3A hai aura apane ko mUlasaMghIya kahanA prArambha kiyA hai| drAviDAnvaya ( draviDa saMgha), jise indranandI ne jainAbhAsa kahA thA, bhI agaDi ke san 1040 ke abhilekha meM apane ko mUlasaMgha se jor3atI hai| yahI sthiti yApanIya sampradAya ke gaNoM kI bhI hai, ve bhI gyArahavIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha se apane nAma ke sAtha mUlasaMgha zabda kA prayoga karane lge| yApanIya punnAgavRkSa mUlagaNa ke san 1108 ke abhilekha meM ..zrImUlasaMghada po (punnAga vRkSamUla gaNada..' aisA ullekha hai| isI prakAra yApanIya saMgha ke kANUra gaNa ke I. san 1074 ke bandalike ke tathA I. san 1075 ke kuppaTUra ke abhilekha meM 'zrI mUlasaMghAnvaya kArAgaNa aisA ullekha hai / isa saba se bhI yahI phalita hotA hai ki isa kAla meM yApanIya bhI apane ko mUlasaMghIya kahane lage the| yApanIya gaNoM ke sAtha mUlasaMgha ke ina ullekhoM ko dekhakara DaoN. gulAbacandra caudharI Adi digambara vijJAna yaha kalpanA kara baiThe ki ye gaNa yApanIya saMgha se alaga hokara mUlasaMgha dvArA AtmasAta kara liye gaye the| kintu unakI yaha avadhAraNA samucita nahIM hai kyoMki ina abhilekhoM ke samakAlIna aura paravartI anekoM aisa abhilekha hai jinameM ina gaNoM kA yAphnIya saMgha ke gaNa ke spa meM spaSTa ullekha hai| satya to yaha hai ki jaba kundakundAnvaya ne mUlasaMgha ke sAtha apanA sambandha joDakara anya saMghoM ko jainAbhAsa aura mithyAtvI ghoSita kiyA, (indranandikRta zrutAvatAra se isa tathya kI puSTi hotI hai) to pratikriyA svarUpa dUsaroM ne bhI apane ko mUlasaMghI kahanA prArambha kara diyaa| gyArahavIM zatI ke uttarArdha meM acela paramparA ke yAphnIya, drAviDa Adi aneka saMgha apane sAtha mUlasaMgha kA ullekha karane lage the| jabaki indranandi ne ina sabhI ko jainAbhAsa kahA thaa| isakA tAtparya yahI hai ki gyArahavIM zatAbdI meM apane ko mUlasaMghI kahane kI eka hor3a lagI huI thii| yadi isa tathyoM ke prakAza meM hama mathurA ke ukta zvetAmbara mUlasaMgha kA ullekha karane vAle abhilekha para vicAra kareM to yaha pAte hai ki ukta abhilekha bhI acela paramparA ke vividha sampradAyoM ke sAtha mUlasaMgha kA ullekha hone ke lagabhaga 60 varSa pUrva kA hai arthAt usIkAla kA hai| ataH sambhava hai ki usa yuga ke vividha acela paramparAoM ke samAna hI sacelaparamparA bhI apane ko mUlasaMgha se jor3atI ho| mUlasaMgha prArambha meM kisa paramparA se sambaddha thA aura kaba dUsarI paramparAoM ne usase apanA sambandha joDanA prArambha kiyA - ise samajhane ke liye hameM sarvaprathama mUlasaMgha ke itihAsa 1. jainazilAlekha saMgraha bhAga 2, lekhakramAMka 178 | 2. vahI 250 / 207 bhAga 3, bhUmikA, pR. 26 va 32!
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________________ 162 ko jAnanA hogaa| sarvaprathama hameM dakSiNa bhArata meM noNamaMgala kI tAmapaTTikAoM para 'mUlasaMghAnuSThitAya evaM 'mUlasaMghenAnuSThitAya aisa ullekha milate haiN| ye donoM tAmrapaTTikAyeM kramazaH lagabhaga IsvI san 370 aura I. san 425 kI mAnI jAtI hai| kintu inameM nimrantha, kurcaka, yApanIya yA zvetaphTa Adi ke nAmoM kA ullekha nahIM hone se prathama dRSTi meM yaha kaha pAnA kaThina hai ki isa mUlasaMgha kA sambandha unameM se kisa dhArA se thaa| dakSiNa bhArata ke devagiri aura halsI ke abhilekhoM ke adhyayana se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki IsA kI pAMcavI zatI ke uttarArdha meM dakSiNa bhArata meM nigrantha, yAphnIya, kUrcaka aura zvetapaTa mahAzramaNa saMgha kA astitva thaa| kintu mUlasaMgha kA ullekha to hameM IsA kI caturthazatI ke uttarArdha meM mila jAtA hai ataH abhilekhIya AdhAra para mUlasaMgha kA astitva yApanIya, kUrcaka Adi nAmoM ke pUrva kA hai| mujhe aisA lagatA hai ki dakSiNa meM inameM se nirganya saMgha prAcIna hai aura yApanIya, kurcaka, zvetapaTa Adi saMgha paravartI hai phira bhI merI dRSTi meM nirganya saMgha mUlasaMgha nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| dakSiNa bhArata kA yaha nigrantha mahAzramaNa saMgha bhadrabAhu ( prathama ) kI paramparA ke una acela zramaNoM kA saMgha thA, jo IsA pUrva tIsarI zatI meM bihAra se ur3IsA ke rAste laMkA aura tamila pradeza meM pahuce the| usa samaya uttara bhArata meM jaina saMgha isI nAma se jAnA jAtA thA aura usameM gaNa, zAkhA Adi kA vibhAjana nahIM huA thA ataH ye zramaNa bhI apane ko isI 'nirganya nAma se abhihita karate rhe| punaH unheM apane ko mUlasaMghI kahane kI koI AvazyakatA bhI nahIM thI kyoMki vahAM taba unakA koI pratidvandvI bhI nahIM thaa| yaha nirganthasaMgha yApanIya, kUrcaka aura zvetapaTTa saMgha se pRthak thA yaha tathya bhI halsI aura devagiri ke abhilakhoM se siddha hai kyoMki inameM use inase pRthak dikhalAyA gayA hai aura taba taka isakA nirgantha saMgha nAma supracalita thaa| punaH jaba lagabhaga 100 varSa ke pazcAt ke abhilekhoM meM bhI yaha nimranthasaMgha ke nAma se hI suprAsiddha hai to pUrva meM yaha apane ko 'mUlasaMgha kahatA hogA yaha kalpanA nirAdhAra hai| apane ko mUlasaMgha kahane kI AvazyakatA usI paramparA ko ho sakatI hai - jisameM koI vibhAjana huA ho, jo dUsare ko nirmUla yA nirAdhAra batAnA cAhatI hoH yaha bAta paM. nAthurAma jI premI ne bhI svIkAra kI hai| yaha vibhAjana kI ghaTanA uttara bhArata meM taba ghaTita huI jaba lagabhaga IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI ke uttarArdha meM uttara bhArata kA nirgandha saMgha acela aura sacela dhArA meM vibhakta huaa| sAtha hI usakI acela dhArA ko apane liye eka naye nAma kI AvazyakatA pratIta huii| usa samaya taka uttara bhArata kA nirgrantha saMgha aneka gaNoM, zAkhAoM aura kuloM meM vibhakta thA - yaha tathya mathurA ke aneka abhilekhoM se aura kalpasUtra kI sthavirAvalI se siddha hai| ataH sambhAvanA yahI hai ki uttara bhArata kI isa acela dhArA ne apanI pahacAna ke liye 'mUlANa nAma cunA ho, kyoMki isa dhArA ko boTika aura yApanIya ~~ ye donoM hI nAma dUsaroM ke dvArA hI diye gaye haiM, jahA~ zvetAmbaroM arthAt uttara bhArata kI sakela dhArA ne unheM boTika kahA, vahIM digambaroM arthAta dakSiNa bhArata kI nirgrantha acela dhArA ne unheM yApanIya khaa| DaoN gulAba canda caudharI ne jo yaha kalpanA kI ki dakSiNa meM nirgantha saMgha kI 1. jainazilAlekha saM. bhAga 2, lekhakramAMka 80 va 4 /
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________________ 163 sthApanA bhadrabAhu dvitIyane kI mUjhe nirAdhAra pratIta hotI hai / dakSiNa bhArata kA nigrantha saMgha to bhadrabAhu prathama kI paramparA kA pratinidhi hai -- cAhe bhadrabAhu prathama dakSiNa gaye ho yA nahIM gaye ho kintu unakI paramparA IsA pU. tIsarI zatI meM dakSiNa bhArata meM pahuMca cukI thI, isake aneka pramANa bhI haiN| bhadrabAhu prathama ke pazcAt lagabhaga dvitIya zatI meM eka Arya bhadra hue hai, jo niyuktiyoM ke kartA the aura sambhavataH ye uttara bhArata ke acela pakSa ke samarthaka rahe the unake nAma se bhadrAnvaya pracalita huI jisakA ullekha udayagiri (vidizA) meM milatA hai| merI dRSTi meM mUlagaNa bhadrAnvaya, Aryakula Adi kA sambandha isI uttara bhArata kI avela dhArA se hai - jo Age calakara yApanIya nAma se prasiddha huii| dakSiNa meM pahuMcane para yaha dhArA apane ko mUlagaNa yA malasaMdha kahatI ho| yaha Age calakara zrI vakSamala gaNa pannAgavakSamalyANa kanakophlasambhUtavRkSamUlagaNa Adi aneka gaNoM meM vibhakta huI phira bhI sabane apane sAtha mUlagaNa zabda kAyama rkhaa| jaba ina vibhinna mUla gaNoM ko koI eka saMyukta nAma dena kA prazna AyA to unheM mulasagha kahA gyaa| kaI gaNoM dvArA paravartIkAla meM saMgha nAma dhAraNa karane aneka pramANa abhilakhoM meM upalabdha hai| punaH yApanIya granthoM ke sAtha lagA huA 'mUla vizeSaNa - jaise mUlAcAra, mUlArAdhanA Adi bhI isI tathya kA sUcaka hai ki 'mUlasaMgha' zabda kA sambandha yAphnIyoM se rahA hai| ataH noNamaMgala kI tAmrapaTTikAoM meM ullekhita mUlasaMgha-yApanIya paramparA kA hI pUrva spa hai uttara bhArata ke nirganya saMgha kI yaha dhArA jaba pahale dakSiNa bhArata meM pahuMcI to mUlasaMgha ke nAma se abhihita huI aura usake lagabhaga 100 varSa pazcAt ise yApanIya nAma milaa| hama yaha bhI dekhate haiM ki use yApanIya nAma milate hI abhilekhoM se mulasaMgha nAma lupta ho jAtA hai aura lagabhaga cAra sau pacAsa varSoM taka hameM mUlasaMgha kA kahIM koI bhI ullekha upalabdha nahIM hotA hai| noNamaMgala kI I. san 425 kI tAmra paTTikAoM ke pazcAt konnUra ke I. san 860 ke abhilekha meM punaH mUlasaMgha kA ullekha dezIyagaNa ke sAtha milatA hai| jJAtavya hai ki isa abhilekha meM mUlasaMgha ke sAtha dezIyagaNa aura pustakagaccha kA ullekha hai kintu kundakundAnvaya kA ullekha nahIM hai| jJAtavya hai ki pahale yaha lekha tAsapaTTikA para thA bAda meM 12vIM zatI meM isameM kucha aMza jor3akara patthara para aMkita karavAyA gayA isa jur3e hue aMza meM hI kundakundAnvaya kA ullekha hai| isake do sau varSa pazcAt se yApanIyagaNa aura drAvir3a Adi anya gaNa sabhI apane ko mUlasaMghIya kahate pratIta hote haiN| itanA nizcita hai ki mUlasaMgha ke sAtha kundakundAnvaya sambandha bhI paravartI kAla meM jur3A hai yadyapi kundakundAnkya kA sarva prathama abhilekhIya ullekha I. san 797 aura 802 meM milatA hai, kintu ina donoM lekho meM pustakagaccha aura mUlasaMgha kA ullekha nahIM hai| Azcarya hai ki sAhityika srotoM meM to dasavIM zatI ke pUrva mUlasaMgha aura kundakundAnvaya kA kahIM koI ullekha 1. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhAga 3, bhUmikA, pR. 23 / 2, vahI, bhAga 2, lekhakramAMka 761 / 3. vahI, lekhakramAMka 122 eva 123 ( manne ke taamrptr)|
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________________ 164 nahIM hai| vastutaH kundakunda zuddha AcAra ke pratipAdaka evaM prabhAvazAlI AcArya the aura mUlasaMgha mahAvIra kI prAcIna mUladhArA kA sUcaka thA, ataH paravartIkAla meM sabhI acela paramparAoM ne usase apanA sambandha jor3anA ucita smjhaa| mAtra uttara bhArata kA kASThAsaMgha aura usakA mAthuragaccha aisA thA jisane apane ko mUlasaMgha evaM kundakundAnvaya se jor3ane kA kabhI prayAsa nahIM kiyA / isakA eka kAraNa yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki kASThAsaMgha mukhyataH uttara bhArata se sambaddha thA aura isa kSetra meM 12-13vIM zatI taka kundakundAnvaya kA prabhAva adhika nahIM thA / vastutaH mUlasaMdha mAtra eka nAma thA, jisakA upayoga 9-10vIM zatI se dakSiNa bhArata kI acela paramparA kI sabhI zAkhAyeM karane lagI thii| zAyada uttara bhArata kI sacela paramparA bhI apanI maulikatA sUcita karane hetu isa virUda kA prayoga karane lagI ho / mAthura saMgha mAthurasaMgha bhI mukhyataH digambara paramparA kA hI saMgha hai| mathurA se prApta pUrva meM ullekhita tIna abhilekhoM ko chor3akara anyatra kahIM bhI zve. mAthura saMgha kA ullekha nahIM milatA hai, lekina uparokta tInoM abhilekhoM ke AdhAra para hama yaha mAnane ke lie vivaza hai ki gyArahavIM-bArahavIM zatAbdI meM zve. mAthurasaMgha kA astitva thA / yadyapi yaha bAta bhinna hai ki yaha mAthurasaMgha zvetAmbara muniyoM kA koI saMgaThana na hokara mathurA ke zvetAmbara zrAvakoM kA eka saMgaThana thA aura yahI kAraNa hai ki zve. mAthura saMgha ke abhilekha mathurA se anyatra kahIM bhI upalabdha nahIM hue| yadi zvetAmbara mAthura saMgha muniyoM kA koI saMgaThana hotA to isakA ullekha mathurA se anyatra abhilekhoM aura sAhityika srotoM se milanA cAhiye thaa| punaH ina tInoM abhilekhoM meM muni aura AcArya ke nAmoM ke ullekha kA abhAva yahI sUcita karatA hai ki yaha saMgha zrAvakoM kA saMgha thaa| jahA~ taka digambara paramparA kA prazna hai usameM mAthurasaMgha nAmaka eka muni saMgha thA aura usakI utpatti vikrama saMvat 953 meM AcArya rAmasena se mAnI jAtI hai? / mAthurasaMgha kA sAhityika ullekha indranaMdI ke zrutAvatAra aura devasena ke darzanasAra meM milatA hai| indranandI ne isa saMgha kI gaNanA jainAbhAsoM meM kI hai aura niSpicchika ke rUpa meM isakA ullekha kiyA hai| devasena ne bhI darzanasAra meM ise niSpicchika batAyA hai| yadyapi isakI utpatti vikrama saM. 953 meM batAI gaI hai kintu usakA sarvaprathama sAhityika ullekha amitagati ke subhASitaratnasaMdoha meM milatA hai jo ki muMja ke zAsana kAla meM (vikrama 1050) meM likhA gyaa| subhASitaratna saMdoha ke atirakta vardhamAnanIti, dharmaparIkSA, paMcasaMgraha, tattvabhAvanA upAsakAcAra Adi bhI inakI kRtiyAM hai| abhilekhIya srotoM kI dRSTi se isa saMgha kA sarva prathama ullekha vikrama saM. 1166 meM athurnA ke abhilekha meM milatA hai| dUsarA abhilekhIya ullekha 1226 ke bijoliyA ke mandira kA hai, isake bAda ke aneka abhilekha isa saMgha ke milate haiN| jJAtavya hai ki apanI utpatti ke kucha hI varSa bAda yaha saMgha kASThAsaMgha kA eka aMga bana gayA aura paravartI ullekha kASThAsaMgha kI eka zAkhA mAthuragaccha ke rUpa meM milate haiN|
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________________ 165 yadi hama kAla kI dRSTi se vicAra kareM to yaha pAte haiM ki zve. mAthurasaMgha aura digambara mAthurasaMgha kI utpatti lagabhaga samakAlIna kyoMki zve. mAthurasaMgha ke ullekha bhI 11-12vIM zatAbdI meM hI milate haiN| yadyapi zvetAmbara paramparA meM kharatara, tapA, aMcala Adi mahatvapUrNa gacchoM kA udbhava kAla bhI yahI hai, phira bhI ina gacchoM meM mAthura saMgha kA spaSTa abhAva hone se hama isI niSkarSa para pahu~cate haiM ki mAthura saMgha zve. jaina muniyoM kA saMgaThana na hokara mathurA nivAsI zve. zrAvakoM kA eka saMgaThana thaa| Azcarya yaha bhI hai ki ina abhilakhoM meM zve. mAthurasaMgha kA ullekha hote hue bhI kahIM kisI muni yA AryA kA nAmollekha nahIM hai| isa AdhAra para hama yaha niSkarSa nikAla sakate haiM ki zve. mAthurasaMgha mathurA ke zrAvakoM kA hI eka saMgaThana thaa| zvetAmbaroM meM Aja bhI nagara ke nAma ke sAtha saMgha zabda jor3akara usa nagara ke zrAvakoM ko usameM samAhita kiyA jAtA hai| ataH niSkarSa yahI hai ki zve. mAthurasaMgha mathurA ke zrAvakoM kA saMgha thA aura usakA muni paramparA athavA unake gacchoM se koI sambandha nahIM thaa| ___ isa lekha ke aMta meM maiM vidvAnoM se apekSA karU~gA ki zvetAmbara mAthura saMgha ke sambandha meM yadi unheM koI jAnakArI ho to mujhe avagata karAyeM, tAki hama isa lekha ko aura adhika pramANa purassara banA skeN|