Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ zrImaduttarAdhyayana - sUtra meM kathA-zilpa . (zramaNasaMghIya sAdhvI DaoN. suzIlAjI jaina "zazi) (ziSyA zrI jJAnavatIjI ma.), bhASA-zAstriyoM ke matAnusAra "jina-sUtroM" meM sarvAdhika prAcIna-bhASA ke tIna sUtra mAne gae haiN| prathama - AcArAMga dvitIya sUtrakRtAMga evaM tRtIya-uttarAdhyayana sUtra / anya Agama sUtroM meM kisI viziSTa viSaya kA pratipAdana huA hai, kintu uttarAdhyayana sUtra me vividha viSayoM kA samAveza hai| (isameM dharmakathA, upadeza, tattvacarcA kA sundara samIkSaNa hai|) isa padya-graMtha ke 36 adhyAya haiM, jinameM mukhyata: yama-niyamoM kA sundara nirUpaNa hai, sAtha hI Atma-guNoM kI ora prerita karane vAle preraNAzIla bhAvapUrNa kathAnakoM kA samAveza bhI huA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA kathA-zilpa svarNajar3ita hIrakamaNi kI bhA~ti Alokita hai| isa sUtra ke 36 adhyayanoM meM caudaha adhyAya dharma kathAtmaka haiN| ata: ise dharmakathAnuyoga meM liyA gayA hai| isa sUtra meM varNita kathA-zilpa ko ubhArane meM maine vistRta zailI na apanAkara ati saMkSipta zailI apanAI hai; jo laghu-zodha-nibaMdha ke lie upayogI hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke AThaveM adhyayana "kAvilIyaM" meM lobha kI abhivRddhi kA sajIva citraNa huA hai| draupadI ke cIra kI bhA~ti vRddhi pAne vAlA yaha lobha sadgaNoM kA nAzaka siddha huA hai, aura kapila kevalI kA kathAnaka isI bhUmikA para utarA hai kintu lobha se lipta kapila ke antarmAnasa meM kucha isa prakAra parivartana huA ki usakA mana virakta ho gyaa| virakta-mana gRhastha meM nigraMtha bana gyaa| isI adhyayana meM kapila kevalI ke dvArA sAdhuoM ke prati eka viziSTa udbodhana hai| pUrvajanma ke vRttAnta ke sAtha sUkSma ahiMsA kA bhI sundara pratipAdana huA hai| navamA~ adhyayana 'nami rAjarSi' se sambandhita hai, jo ki rAgI se vairAgI bana jAte haiN| saMyama-sAdhanA ke patha para bar3hate una kSaNoM meM parIkSA hetu brAhmaNaveza meM indra deva prastuta hote haiN| unake madhya hone vAle pArasparika saMvAda yathArtha ke dharAtala para utara Ae haiN| isa adhyAya se 'namirAjarSi' ke sAtha tAttvika praznottara aura unakA suMdara samAdhAna huA hai| bArahaveM adhyAya meM 'harikezabalaRSi' kA kathAnaka hai| unakA janma cANDAla kula meM huA thA, kintu tapa ke divya prabhAva se ve sarva vandanIya bana ge| isa adhyayana se jAtivAda kA khaNDana parilakSita hotA hai| terahavA~ adhyAya 'citta sambhati' ko lekara calatA hai| yaha adhyAya tyAga-vairAgya kI pravAhita vimala-dhArA ke sAtha panarjanma ko siddha karatA hai| caudahaveM adhyAya meM 'ikSukAra nRpa' kI kathA hai| isake antargata jIvana kI nazvaratA, saMsAra kI asAratA, mRtyu kI avikalatA, kAma-bhogoM kI mohakatA evaM mUlata: AtmA kI nityatA kA vizleSaNa huA hai| aThArahaveM adhyAya meM 'rAjA saMyati' kA varNana hai, jo hiMsaka se sAdhvI DaoN. suzIlAjI jaina ahiMsaka bana gae, jinakA zikArI rUpa 'zazi' ziromaNi meM parivartita ho gyaa| sAtha hI isameM cakravartI evaM tIrthaMkara kI anupama vibhUti ke dhAraka aneka mahApuruSoM kA Atmasiddhi ke liye tyAga mArga para anusaraNa kA vRttAMta evaM unakI nAmAvalI bhI pAI jAtI hai| unnIsavA~ adhyAya 'mRgAputra' ke kathAnaka se jur3A huA hai| isameM mAtA aura putra ke saMvAda meM tAttvika carcA ke sAtha jIvana kI kaThoratA ubharI hai / sAtha hI putra kA karttavya, mAtA-pitA kA vAtsalya, naraka-vedanA kA varNana evaM Adarza tyAga kI samujjvalatA prakaTa huI hai| bIsaveM adhyAya meM 'mahAnirgrantha anAthI muni' kA kathA varNana hai| isameM anAtha aura sanAtha kI vyAkhyA karate hue cintana gahana ho gayA hai| azaraNa-bhAvanA ke sAtha "karma kA kartA aura bhoktA AtmA hI hai|" yaha bhI suspaSTa hotA hai| ikkIsaveM adhyAya meM samudrapAla kA varNana hai| tapa-tyAga evaM virakti kI triveNI ke sAtha isa adhyAya meM samudrayAtrA kA vizeSa varNana huA hai| bAvIsavA~ adhyAya nArI-zakti kA jvalaMta udAharaNa hai| aMdhaka kulagotrIya samudravijaya ke putra rathanemi, prabhu ariSTanemi ke laghu bhrAtA the| ve apane bhrAtA kI hone vAlI patnI rAjamatI ke rUpa lAvaNya para Asakta hokara kAma-yAcanA karate haiM, kintu sAdhvI rAjamatI, muni rathanemi ko anAsakti kA mArga samajhAkara puna: dharma para dRr3ha karatI hai| isa adhyAya kI mahattvapUrNa vizeSatA yaha rahI hai ki 'patha bhraSTa paruSa ko nArI ne satpatha dikhalAyA hai| isa adhyayana meM nArI kA nArAyaNI rUpa ujAgara huA hai| nArI mAtra vAsanA kI dAsI nahIM, upAsanA kI devI bhI hai| vaha preyasI hI nahIM, puruSa ke lie pavitra preraNA bhI hai| naminAtha kI kathA prathama bAra isa sUtra meM varNita haI hai| zrImad jayaMtasenasUri abhinaMdana graMthAvAcanA mAyA duHkhadA hai sadA, mAyA kare vikAra / jayantasena saMyama rakha, phAnI yaha saMsAra //
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ teisavA~ adhyAya 'kezi-gautama' kI tAttvika-carcA para AdhArita hai| isameM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI paramparA ke muni kezizramaNa evaM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pramukha ziSya gautama svAmI ke aitihAsika AdhyAtmika saMvAda hai / prastuta adhyayana meM Atma-vijaya aura mana para anuzAsana ke jo upAya pradarzita kie haiM, ve Adhunika tanAva ke yuga meM parama upayogI haiN| uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM varNita caturdaza kathAnaka kI pratyeka kathAvastu Asakti se anAsakti kI ora vRddhigata huI hai| mAnava jIvana kI zreSThatA, zrAmaNya-jIvana kI mahattA, saMsAra kI nazvaratA-asthiratA evaM jIvA kI paranAmInAtA. asthiratA ta AtmasvarUpa ke dRSTikoNa para hI samasta kathAvastu AdhArita huI hai| jaise : khaNametta sokkhA, bahukAla dukkhA, pagAma dukkhA, aNigAma sokkhA / saMsAra mokkhassa vipakkhabhUyA, khANI aNatthANa u kAma bhogaa|| (a. 14 gA. 13) uttarAdhyayana sUtra kI samasta kathAe~ kathAnaka kI dRSTi se sugaThita evaM prabhu mahAvIra ke ziSyoM kA saMvAda-prasaMga AkarSaka evaM mahattvapUrNa hai| udAharaNArtha : 23 veM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke ziSya mahAmuni ke zrIzramaNa, 24 veM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke prathama ziSya prajJAmuni indrabhUti gautama se kahate haiM: aNegANaM sahassANaM, majjha ciTThasi goymaa| te ya te ahi gacchanti, kahaM te nijjiyA tume? (u.sa.a. 23 gA. 35) "gautama ! aneka sahasra zatruoM ke madhya Apa khar3e haiN| ve Apako jItane ke lie tatpara hai, phira Apane unako kaise jIta liyA?" pratyuttara meM gautama svAmI kahate haiMege jie jiyA paMca, paMca jie jiyA ds| dasahA u jiNitANaM, savva satrU jiNA mahaM / / (u.sU.a. 23 gA. 36) E "mahAmune ! jo eka ko jItatA hai, vaha pA~ca ko jIta letA hai, aura jo pA~ca ko jItatA hai, vaha dasa ko jIta letA hai| dasoM ko jItakara maine sabhI zatruoM para vijaya prApti kI hai|" - uttarAdhyayana sUtra kI bhASA-zailI padyAtmaka hai evaM ardhamAgadhI bhASA ke dharAtala para avatarita huI hai| dezakAla se ise aMga-sUtra kA uttarAvartI mAnA hai| binA uddezya ke kathAnaka kA koI mahattva nahIM raha jAtA hai| isa dRSTi se uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM prastuta sabhI kathAnakoM kI mUla saMvedanA bhautikatA ke pariveza meM hotI hai, jisakA paryavasAna anAsakta bhAva meM hotA hai / samasta kathAoM kA kendrIya vicAra hai- 'manuSya-jIvana du:kha se ota-prota hai| AtmA rAga-dveSa, viSaya-kaSAya se lipta hai|" ina sabase mukta hone ke liye apane jIvana evaM caritra ko zaddha tathA pavitra banAnA hI ekamAtra carama lakSya hai| haiN| prAya: kathAoM ke pAtroM kA kendra-binda saMsAra kI anityatA hai| 'cAritra kA saundarya isI anityatA para jA TikA hai| AtmA hI sukhadu:kha kA kartA evaM vikartA hai| AtmA hI apanA mitra aura zatru hai| ina bhAvoM ko vyakta karate hue muni anAthI, nRpa zreNika ko sambodhita karate hue kahate haiN| appA kattA vikattAya, duhANa ya suhANa ya / appA mittamamittaM ca, duppaTThiya-supaTThio // kara ekAnta ke kSaNoM meM rathanemine rAjamatI ke saundarya para vimugdha hokara jaba apanI kAma bhAvanA ko prastuta kiyA, taba aise kSaNoM meM rAjamatI sambhrAnta na hokara jAti, kula evaM zIla kA rakSaNa karate hae rathanemi ko, saMyama meM sthira rahane kA sandeza detI hai: ahaMca bhoyarAyassa, taM ca si andhaga vanhiNo / mA kule gandhaNA homo, saMjamaM nihao caraM // 3 (usUa. 22, gA. 44) rAjamatI ke caritra kA yaha ujjvalatama rUpa hai, itanA hI nahIM usake udbodhana se rathanemi kA caritra bhI vikAsa prApta karatA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM kathAnakoM ke sAtha-2 saMvAdoM kI eka suMdara zrRMkhalA bhI pAI jAtI hai| kathAoM ke ye kathopakathana sundara evaM sAttvika bhI haiM / naminAtha evaM rAjamatI kA saMvAda buddha-graMtha sUtra-nipAta kI 'pratyeka buddha' kathA ke samAnAntara hai| harikeSi va brAhmaNa kA saMvAda dhArmika kriyA evaM vRtti kI ora saMketa karatA hai| bhRgu purohita evaM usake putroM kA saMvAda zramaNa jIvana kI mahattA ko udbhASita karatA hai / teisaveM adhyayana meM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha sandarbha - (1) uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyAya 14, gAthA 13 (2) uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyAya 20, gAthA 37 (3) uttarAdhyayana sUtra, 22, gAthA 44 (4) uttarAdhyayana sUtra -hindI anuvAda-paricaya pRSTha 3 (5) uttarAdhyayana sUtra adhyAya 23, gAthA 36 madhukara mauktika bhAva vRddhi ke sAtha hI bhavasthiti ghaTane lagatI hai| sUraja kI prakhara kiraNoM ke kAraNa sarovara kA pAnI khatma ho jAtA hai aura vaha sUkha jAtA hai, vaise hI bhAva sUrya kI prakhara uSNatA se janma-maraNa arthAt bhavarUpa tAlAba sUkha jAtA hai| jaba bhava kA aMdherA ghaTane lagatA hai, taba aMdhakAra bharA mArga prakAzamAna hone lagatA hai| zrImada jayaMtasenasUri abhinaMdana graMtha/vAcanA 54 mAyA dekhata phaMsa gayA, deha rUpa kaMkAla / jayantasena jaga meM vaha, rahA sadA kaMgAla //