Shravakopayogi Shramanachar

Author(s): Dilip Dhing
Publisher: Z_Jinvani_Guru_Garima_evam_Shraman_Jivan_Visheshank_003844.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/229985/1

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10 janavarI 2011 jinavANI 318 zrAvakopayogI zramaNAcAra DaoN. dilIpa dhIMga zramaNAcAra zramaNa-zramaNiyoM kI Atma-sAdhanA ke lie to upayogI hotA hI hai, kintu zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM ke jIvanotthAna meM bhI usakI preraka bhUmikA hotI hai| paryApta aMzoM meM eka zrAvaka bhI zramaNadharma ko jIvana meM apanAkara AtmotthAna ke sAtha paryAvaraNa santulana evaM mAnava-samAja ke hita meM sahayogI banatA hai| DaoN. dhIMga ne kaSAyamukti, SaTjIvanikAya rakSA evaM rAtribhojana-tyAga ko AdhAra banAkara zrAvakoM ke lie eka Avazyaka AcAra saMhitA prastuta kI hai| -sampAdaka jaina dharma kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA usakA sudRr3ha AcAra-pakSa hai| jahA~ taka jaina zramaNAcAra kI bAta hai, vaha itanA sudRr3ha hai ki saMsAra ke sabhI dharmoM ke saMnyAsiyoM meM jaina sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI alaga aura viziSTa pahacAna hai| aise zramaNa kI upAsanA karane vAle gRhastha zrAvaka ko zramaNopAsaka kahA gayA hai| zramaNa ke upAsaka zrAvaka ke lie yaha abhipreta hai ki vaha zramaNAcAra se anuprerita hokara apane zrAvakAcAra ko adhika sudRr3ha banAe tathA pArivArika, sAmAjika aura vyAvasAyika jIvana meM zrAvakAcAra aura zramaNAcAra kI upayogitA ko sArthaka kre| pA~ca mahAvrata zramaNAcAra ke mUlAdhAra haiN| inake alAvA pA~ca samiti, tIna gupti, bAraha prakAra kA zramaNa-dharma, sataraha prakAra kA saMyama, AhAra vihAra, dinacaryA Adi se sambandhita aneka bAteM zramaNAcAra se jur3I huI haiN| isa prakAra zramaNAcAra ke aneka niyama, upaniyama, aMga aura AyAma haiN| unameM kaSAya-mukti, SaTjIvanikAya kI rakSA aura rAtribhojana tyAga kA bhI viziSTa sthAna hai| isa lekha meM zramaNAcAra kI ina tIna vizeSatAoM kA svarUpa batAte hue unakA zrAvakAcAra se sambandha tathA parivAra, samAja, saMsAra aura paryAvaraNa kI dRSTi se inakI AvazyakatA, upayogitA aura mahattA batAI gaI hai| kaSAya-mukti kI upayogitA saMsAra aura saMsAra kI samasyAoM kA mUla hai 'karma' aura 'karma'kA mUla hai - kssaay|' kaSAya mAnava ko patana ke garta meM girA dete haiM aura lambe samaya taka use vahIM rakhate haiN| dazavaikAlika meM kahA gayA hai - krodha, mAna, mAyA va lobha - ye cAroM kaSAya jIvana meM pApa aura santApa bar3hAte haiN| apanA bhalA cAhane vAloM ko inakA tyAga kara denA caahiye| kyoMki krodha prIti kA nAza karatA hai, mAna vinaya ko naSTa karatA hai, kapaTa mitratA kA nAza karatA hai aura lobha sabakA nAza kara detA hai|' vAta, pitta Adi vikAroM se mAnava itanA unmatta nahIM hotA jitanA

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|| 10 janavarI 2011 || jinavANI 319 vaha kaSAyoM se hotA hai| AcArya bhadrabAhu kahate haiM - RNa ko thor3A, ghAva ko choTA, Aga ko tanika aura kaSAyoM ko alpa nahIM mAnanA cAhiye, kyoMki ye thor3e hI bahuta ho jAte haiN| jaina paramparA ke AcAra pakSa meM kaSAya-tyAga ko mukhya mAnane se samAja meM dhArmika andhavizvAsoM va karmakANDoM para coTa huii| AcArya haribhadra ne kahA - kisI pantha yA vAda meM mAnava kA kalyANa nahIM hai, kalyANa to kaSAyo ko chor3ane meM haiN| isase sAmAjika, dhArmika va mAnavIya ekatA kI rAha prazasta huii| cAroM kaSAyoM kA vivaraNa nimnAnusAra hai - 1. krodha -pratyeka vyakti zAnti aura sampannatA kI dizA meM Age se Age bar3hanA cAhatA hai| vaha sampannatA mahaja dhana taka sImita nahIM hai| jIvana ke sabhI kSetroM me vyaktitva kA vaibhava prakaTa honA caahiye| aise bahuAyAmI vaibhavazAlI jIvana ke lie krodha kA parityAga mukhya zarta hai| prAcIna grantha isibhAsiyAI meM kahA gayA hai - koheNa appaM DahatI paraM ca, atthaM ca dhammaM ca taheva kaam| tivvaM ye veraM pikareMti kodhA, adhamaM gatiM vA viuviMti kohaa||' krodha se vyakti svayaM ko jalAtA hai, dUsaro ko jalAtA hai| vaha dharma, artha aura kAma ko jalAtA hai| tIvra vaira karAne vAlA krodha jIvana ke patana kA bhI kAraNa hai| AcArAMga meM kahA gayA hai ki krodha Ayu ko naSTa karatA hai| vyakti svayaM krodha nahIM kare, yaha eka pakSa hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI Avazyaka hai ki vaha dUsaroM ke krodha kA nimitta bhI na bne| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM krodha kI hAniyA~ batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki krodhagrasta mAnava kA varNa nIlA par3a jAtA hai, vaha hataprabha ho jAtA hai tathA usakA saundarya naSTa ho jAtA hai| vyagratA aura becainI se use zItakAla meM bhI pyAsa lagane laga jAtI hai| krodha duzmana kA apakAra karatA hai tathA parivArajanoM, mitroM va apanoM ke lie samasyA kA pratyakSa kAraNa banatA hai|' bhagavatIsUtra meM krodha ke dasa nAma batAye gaye haiM - (1) krodha, (2) kopa, (3) dveSa : svayaM para athavA dUsaroM para dveSa krnaa| svayaM para dveSa karate hue vyakti AtmahatyA kara letA hai| kabhI-kabhI dUsaroM se dveSa karate hue bhI vyakti AtmahatyA kara letA hai| AtmahatyA kaSAya kA pariNAma hai| isase kauTumbika aura sAmAjika gaurava naSTa hotA hai|, (4) roSa (nArAjagI), (5) saMjvalana (IrSyA karanA) : IrSyA jIvana meM vaira aura asvastha-spardhA bar3hAtI hai|, (6) akSamA (galatI mApha nahIM karanA), (7) kalaha, (8) caNDikya (krodha kA bIbhatsa rUpa), (9) bhaNDana : kisI para hAtha uThAnA yA kAyA se anucita vyavahAra krnaa| (10) vivAda : aMTa-zaMTa bolanA, jhagar3A kAyama rakhanA aura anAvazyaka bahasa krnaa| krodha vipannatA aura vipattiyoM ko nyautA detA hai, jabaki akrodha se sampannatA aura sampatti meM abhivRddhi hotI hai| krodha nahIM karane vAlA apanI aparimita prANa UrjA bacA letA hai| vaha sahiSNu, vivekavAna tathA vicArapUrvaka kArya karane vAlA hotA hai| vaha kSamAvAna, sarvapriya, acchI nirNaya kSamatA vAlA aura dUradarzI hotA hai| vaha hamezA pArivArika/sAmAjika vigraha aura kleza se bacA rahatA hai|

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320 jinavANI | 10 janavarI 2011 | 2. mAna -mAna ke vaza ho vyakti vaibhava kA ati pradarzana karatA hai| lokatAMtrika vyavasthA meM aisA pradarzana ucita nahIM hai| mada meM cUra vyakti apane vaibhava-pradarzana ke sAmAjika duSprabhAvoM kI koI cintA nahIM karatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ahaMkAra ko ajJAna kA dyotaka mAnate haiN| sUtrakRtAMga meM ve vyakti ke jAtIya aura kauTumbika ahaMkAra ko anucita ThaharAte hue kahate haiM - "aise ahaMkAra se kucha bhI nahIM hone vaalaa| jJAna aura sadAcaraNa manuSya kI zreSThatA ke pratIka haiN|""jo nirabhimAnI hai, vaha jJAna, yaza va sampatti prApta karatA hai aura apanA pratyeka kArya siddha karatA hai|" bhagavatI sUtra meM mAna ke bAraha nAma batAye gaye haiM" - (1) mAna, (2) mada, (3) darpa, (4) stambha (5) garva, (6) atyukroza (AtmA-prazaMsA), (7) paraparivAda, (8) utkarSa : apane vaibhava kA pradarzana, (9) apakarSa : kisI ko usakI yogyatA se kama AMkanA, (10) unnata nAma : sadguNoM va guNiyoM kA anAdara karanA, paise vAloM kA hI Adara karanA, (11) unmatta : dUsaroM ko nimna samajhanA, (12) AdhA-adhUrA jhuknaa| Agama-granthoM meM vyakti ke ahaMkAra para coTa karane vAle aneka preraka kathAnaka haiN| dhana, sattA, pada Adi kA ahaMkAra karane vAlA sAmAnya vyaktiyoM kI yogyatA, salAha va sneha se vaMcita rahatA hai| vinayavAna vyakti sadguNoM aura zreSThatAoM ko arjita karatA hai| 3. mAyA -kapaTa se vizvasanIyatA aura maitrI jaise jIvana-mUlya naSTa ho jAte haiN| eka kapaTa hajAroM satyoM ko naSTa kara DAlatA hai| maujUdA bAjAravAdI vyavasthA meM mithyA aura kapaTapUrNa vijJApanoM kA jAla phailA huA hai| ina vijJApanoM ne jIvana aura samAja meM vastuoM ke upabhoga kI eka anAvazyaka hor3A-hor3I paidA kara dI hai| mAyAmRSAvAda se samAja meM lobhajanita burAiyA~ bar3ha jAtI haiN|" __ bhagavatI sUtra ke anusAra mAyA ke pandraha nAma haiM" - (1) mAyA, (2) upadhi : Thagane ke lie kisI ke pAsa jAnA, (3) nikRti : Thagane lie kisI ko vizeSa sammAna denA, (4) valaya : bhASika chala, (5) gahana : chalane ke lie gUDha AcaraNa karanA, (6) nUma : sAjiza, (7) kalkaH dUsaroM ko hiMsA ke lie duSprerita karanA, (8) abhadra vyavahAra karanA, (9) nihnavatA : Thagane ke lie kArya manthara gati se karanA, (10) kuceSTA, (11) AdaraNatA : avAMchanIya kArya, (12) gUhanatA : apanI karatUteM chipAnA, (13) vaMcakatA, (14) prati-kuMcanatA : kisI ke sahaja-sarala vacana-vyavahAra kA kapaTa se galata artha lagAnA (15) sAtiyogaH milAvaTa krnaa| nizchala, sarala aura mAyArahita jIvana meM sukha, saubhAgya aura zAnti kA adhivAsa hotA hai tathA pArasparika maitrIbhAva sthAyI va sudRr3ha banatA hai| 4. lobha-lAbha arthazAstra kA preraka tattva hai, lobhaduSpreraka tattva hai| lAbha meM sAdhana-zuddhi kA viveka rakhA jAtA hai| lobha vyakti ko sAdhana-zuddhi kI phikra nahIM karane detA hai| nIti ko anIti meM badalane meM lobha kI mukhya bhUmikA hai| lobha kI vajaha se Arthika ghoTAle, bhraSTAcAra, jhagar3e-TaNTe, hiMsA, yuddha Adi hote haiN| lobha aura

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| 10 janavarI 2011 // jinavANI 321 tRSNA ke vazIbhUta iMsAna ne paryAvaraNa, prakRti aura saMskRti ko apUraNIya nukasAna pahu~cAyA hai| saMsAra kI bhalAI aura vizva-zAnti ke lie mAnava meM nirlobhatA kI cetanA ko jAgRta karanA behada jarUrI hai| lAbha se lobha bar3hatA hai| svarNa-rajata aura vastuoM ke Dhera bhI lobhI kI tRSNA ko zAnta karane meM asamartha haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra lobha para aMkuza ke lie saMtoSa kA sujhAva dete haiN| santoSa aura sAdhana-zuddhi hetu ve gRhastha ke lie icchA-pariNAma vrata kA vidhAna karate haiN|" lobha ke vibhinna rUpoM ko lakSya karate hue unhoMne lobha ke solaha nAma batAye haiM - 1. lobha (saMgrahavRtti), 2. icchA (abhilASa), 3. mUrchA (tIvratama saMgraha-vRtti), 4. kAMkSA (AkAMkSA), 5. gRddhi (Asakti), 6. tRSNA (lAlasA), 7. mithyA (lobha ke lie jhUTha), 8. abhidhyA (anizcaya), 9. AzaMsanA (prApti kI icchA), 10. prArthanA (yAcanA), 11. lAlapanatA (cATukAritA), 12. kAmAzA (kAma kI icchA), 13. bhogAzA (bhoga kI icchA), 14. jIvitAzA : isakA lakSaNArtha hai - maraNa zayyA para bhI jIne kA lobha nahIM tyAganA, 15. maraNAzA : icchApUrti nahIM hone para marane kI icchA karanA, 16. nandirAga (prApta meM anuraag)| isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki kaSAya-mukta vyakti svayaM kA vikAsa karatA hai, sAtha hI apane parivAra, samAja, vyavasAya aura inase jur3e logoM ke vikAsa kA kAraNa banatA hai| kaSAya-mukti se bhASA-samiti aura vacana-gupti kA anupAlana sahaja ho jAtA hai| eka zreSTha va saphala gRhastha banane ke lie kaSAya-tyAga Avazyaka hai| kaSAya-mukti se jIvana aura jagat kA sarva-maMgala jur3A huA hai| kaSAya-mukti kI eka sAdhanA se AtmakalyANa, vizva-bandhutva, samRddhi, khuzahAlI jaise aneka uddezya pUre hote haiN| SaTjIvanikAya kI rakSA kI upayogitA __AtmA dharma aura darzana kI AdhArazilA hai| dravya dRSTi se vaha sabameM eka samAna hai aura astitva kI dRSTi se svataMtrA paNDita sukhalAlajI ke anusAra svatantra jIvavAdiyoM meM jaina-paramparA kA prathama sthAna hai| isake do kAraNa batAye gaye haiM - prathama, AtmA viSayaka jaina avadhAraNA atyaMta vaijJAnika aura buddhigrAhya hai| dvitIya, I.pU. AThavIM sadI meM hue aitihAsika tIrthaMkara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke samaya meM jaina paramparA meM AtmA viSayaka avadhAraNA susthira ho gaI thii| aitihAsika dRSTi se AtmA kI jaisI avadhAraNA Aja se 3000 varSa pUrva jaina paramparA meM thI, vaisI hI Aja hai| jabaki anya paramparAoM kI jIva sambandhI mAnyatAoM meM parivartana hotA rahA vastu-svAtantrya - jaina darzana ke vastu-svAtantrya ke siddhAMta ne mAnava jAti kA bahuta bhalA kiyA hai| darzana, adhyAtma, samAja aura vijJAna kI aneka anasulajhI gutthiyoM ko vastu-svAtantrya ke siddhAMta se AsAnI se sulajhAyA jA sakatA hai| vyakti aura samAja ko kamajora karane vAlI dharma-viSayaka aneka mithyA-dhAraNAe~ AtmavAda ke samakSa arthahIna ho jAtI haiN| jJAna-vijJAna, ahiMsA aura puruSArtha kI alakha jagAne aura jagAye rakhane meM AtmavAda kI bar3I bhUmikA hai| zramaNAcAra meM svAvalambana kA eka AdhAra vastu-svAtantrya hai, jo

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322 jinavANI || 10 janavarI 2011 | sabako Atma-nirbharatA kI preraNA detA hai| AtmavAda ne upAdAna aura nimitta kA samAdhAnakArI niyama hamAre sAmane rkhaa| phalasvarUpa vyakti ne samasyAoM ke samAdhAna ke lie samasyAoM kI taha meM jAnA siikhaa| samasyA ke mUla meM jAkara kiye gaye samAdhAna se samasyA kA sthAyI hala nikalatA hai| Aja samAjazAstriyoM aura nIti-nirmAtAoM ke sAmane viSamatA, paryAvaraNa pradUSaNa, berojagArI, janasaMkhyA vRddhi Adi na jAne kitanI-kitanI samasyAe~ haiN| unake sAmane AtmA kA, ahiMsA kA, tyAga kA koI suspaSTa darzana nahIM hai| ve nimitto meM hI samAdhAna DhUMDhate rahate haiN| pariNAmasvarUpa samasyAoM kA sthAyI samAdhAna to nahIM hotA hai so ThIka, kabhI-kabhI eka samAdhAna anya naI samasyAoM ko janma dene vAlA siddha ho jAtA hai| nipaTa bhautikavAdI aura anAtmavAdI soca aura kArya-zailI se Aja saMsAra eka aisI jagaha para A gayA lagatA hai, jahA~ Age vinAza ke alAvA koI rAstA nahIM bacA hai| ahiMsA kA siddhAMta AtmavAda kI buniyAda para khar3A hai| yaha buniyAda bahuta majabUta va bahuAyAmI hai| Agama granthoM meM ahiMsA kI jaisI maulika, sUkSmatama va sarvagrAhI vyAkhyA milatI hai, vaisI anyatra durlabha hai| Agama granthoM meM varNita ahiMsA-sambandhI sUkSma vivecana kA paryAvaraNa aura pAristhitikI kI dRSTi se bahuta mahattva hai| granthoM meM saMsArI jIva ke do prakAra batAye gaye haiM - sthAvara aura trs| jina jIvoM meM gamanAgamana kI kSamatA kA abhAva hai, vesthAvara jIva haiM tathA jinameM calane-phirane kI kSamatA hai, ve trasajIva haiN| sthAvarajIva __ zrAvaka sthAvara jIvoM kI hiMsA kA pUrNa tyAga nahIM kara pAtA hai| lekina jina kAryoMmeM atyadhika sthAvarakAyika vasUkSma jIvoM kI hiMsA hotI hai, unheM mahAArambha' kahA gayA aura unakI hiMsA se bacane ke lie nirdeza kiye gaye haiN| sthAvara jIvoM ke pA~ca bheda haiM - 1. pRthvI - AgamoM meM sthUla pRthvI ke do prakAra batAye gaye haiM - mRdu aura ktthor| inameM mRdu pRthvI ke sAta tathA kaThora pRthvI ke chattIsa prakAra batAe gaye haiN| ina bhedoM meM kRSi yogya miTTI se lekara ratna-maNi taka kA ullekha hai| pRthvI samasta prANiyoM ke lie AdhAra hai| pradUSaNa kI mAra pRthvI ke naisargika vaividhya para par3I hai| pRthvI ke pradUSita hone se usake Azrita rahane vAle aneka trasa jIvoM tathA sthAvara meM vanaspati Adi ke jIvana para viparIta prabhAva pdd'aa| aneka jIva-jantu aura vanaspatiyA~ dharatI se vilupta ho giiN| pRthvIkAya ke svarUpa ko jAnakara inakI virAdhanA se bacanA caahiye| 2. jala - sthUla jala ke pA~ca bheda batAye gaye haiM - zuddha udaka, osa, haratanu, kuharA aura him| sahaja rUpa se sarva-sulabha jala Aja bikAU ho gayA hai, usake lie jhagar3e hote haiN| saMyukta rASTra kI eka riporTa ke anusAra vartamAna vizva meM 100 karor3a se adhika loga gandA pAnI pIne ko majabUra haiN| eka ko zuddha peyajala upalabdha nahIM hai, dUsarA usakI phijUlakharcI kara rahA hai| ye hiMsA ke arthatantra ke pariNAma haiM ki pUrA paryAvaraNa-tantra caramarA gayA hai| jala-saMyama aura jala-saMrakSaNa Aja kI sabase bar3I jarUrata bana gaI hai|

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323 || 10 janavarI 2011 // jinavANI 3. vanaspati - sthUla vanaspati ke do bheda - pratyeka zarIrI aura sAdhAraNa shriirii| pratyeka zarIrI ke bAraha prakAra haiM - vRkSa, guccha, gulma, latA, vallI, tRNa, latAvalaya, parvaga, kuhuNa, jalaja, auSadhitRNa aura haritakAyA sAdhAraNa vanaspati ke antargata kanda, mUla Adi Ate haiN| ghaTate vana tathA vilupta hotI vanaspatiyoM ke kAraNa jaiva vividhatA kA saMkaTa gaharAtA jA rahA hai| jIva-jantuoM ke prAkRtika AvAsa naSTa ho rahe haiN| vanaspati ke Azraya meM rahane vAle trasa-sthAvara jIvoM kA astitva hI saMkaTa meM par3a gayA hai| vanaspati ke saMrakSaNa se aneka jIvoM kA saMrakSaNa sambhava hai| 4. agni - sthUla agni ke aneka bheda batAye gaye haiM - aMgAra, murmura, zuddha, agni, arci, jvAlA, ulkA, vidyuta aadi|" agni kA vinAzaka prayoga nahIM kiyA jAnA caahiye| paryAvaraNa kI rakSA ke lie agni ke upayoga kA saMyama bhI Avazyaka hai| aba to bijalI bacAo (Save Electricity) kA nArA bhI diyA jAne lagA hai| 5. vAyu - sthUla vAyukAyika jIvoM ke chaH bheda haiM - utkalikA, maNDalikA, ghanavAta, guMjAvAta, zuddhavAta aura saMvartaka vaat| vartamAna samaya meM pradUSaNa-mukta, svaccha aura tAjI havAoM ke lie nAnA prakAra kI vanaspatiyoM aura vRkSoM kA ropaNa kiyA jAtA hai| isake alAvA paThAroM kI surakSA, vana sampadA kI surakSA, hAnikAraka rAsAyanika padArthokI samApti, vAhanoM va rAsAyanika saMyaMtroM se nikalane vAle dhue~ para niyantraNa, nijI vAhanoM para logoM kI nirbharatA ghaTanA tathA pradUSaNa-mukta udyogoM kI sthApanA Adi upAya kiye jAte haiN| sthUla jIvoM kI Agama varNita jAnakArI se yaha preraNA milatI hai ki paryAvaraNa aura prakRti kI rakSArtha sthAvarakAyika jIvoM kI hiMsA se bacanA bhI nitAnta Avazyaka hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM sthAvarakAyika jIvoM kI rakSA kI prabala preraNA dI gaI hai| sthAvara aura trasa sabhI prakAra ke jIva paraspara eka-dUsare ke Azrita hote haiN| isalie eka ke vinAza meM sabakA vinAza aura eka ke saMrakSaNa meM sabakA saMrakSaNa samAhita hotA hai| dhvanipradUSaNa, vAyu-pradUSaNa, jala-pradUSaNa, bhUmi-pradUSaNa jaisI samasyAe~ vartamAna meM hamAre sAmane bIbhatsa rUpa meM khar3I haiN| inake mUla meM sthAvarakAyika jIvoM kI behisAba hiMsA hai| inhI sthAvarakAyika jIvoM ke sahAre aneka prakAra ke trasa prANiyoM kA jIvana nirbhara hotA hai| vAyu, jala, vanaspati Adi ke pradUSita hone se inake sahAre jIne vAle sabhI jIvoM kA jIvana saMkaTa meM par3a jAtA hai| jala, vAyu, bhUmi, anya sUkSma va sthUla prANI, per3a-paudhe aura mAnava kA jaba antaHsambandha TUTa jAtA hai to paryAvaraNa aura pAristhikI saMtulana ko nukasAna pahuMcatA hai| sUkSma jIvoM kI rakSA ke lie bhagavAna mahAvIra pratyeka kArya-vyApAra meM yatanA aura viveka kI hidAyata dete haiN| sajIva AcArAMga ke prathama adhyayana ke chaThe uddezaka meM saMsAra svarUpa ke vivecana meM trasa jIvoM kA ullekha hai| trasa jIvoM ke cAra bheda batAye haiM - dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya aura pNcendriy| dvIndriya jIvoM meM zarIra aura rasanA

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jinavANI __ 10 janavarI 2011 || vAle laTa, keMcuA, kRmi, zaMkha Adi, trIndriya jIvoM meM zarIra, rasanA aura ghrANa vAle cIMTI, makor3e, dImaka, jhiMgura Adi, caturindriya meM kAyA, jihvA, ghrANa aura cakSu vAle titalI, makkhI, bhramara, bicchU Adi aneka jIva Ate haiN| uparyukta cAra aura pA~cavI zravaNendriya vAle jIva paMcendriya jIva kahalAte haiN| paMcendriya jIva do prakAra ke hote haiM - sammUrchima aura grbhj| AgamoM meM saMmUrchima jIvoM kI utpatti jisa prakAra se batAI gaI hai, usakI tulanA vartamAna meM kloniMga se kI jA sakatI hai, jisake aucitya-anaucitya para carcA ho rahI hai| tiryaMca paMcendriya ke tIna prakAra haiM - jalacara, sthalacara aura khecr| jalacara ke antargata matsya, kacchapa, grAha, magara, zuMzumAra Adi Ate haiN| sthalacara kI do mukhya jAtiyA~ haiM - catuSpada aura parisapI" catuSpada ke cAra prakAra haiM - eka khura vAle, jaise azva Adi, do khura vAle, jaise baila Adi, gola paira vAle, jaise hAthI Adi aura nakha-sahita paira vAle, jaise zera aadi| parisarpa kI mukhyataH do jAtiyA~ batAI gaI haiM - eka bhujaparisapI jo bhujAoM ke bala para reMgate haiM, ve prANI bhujaparisarpa haiM, jaise goha aadi| dUsarI jAti uraHparisarpa kI hai| isake antargata peTa ke bala reMgane vAle sarpa Adi Ate haiN| khecara kI cAra jAtiyA~ batAI gaI haiM - carma pakSI, roma pakSI, samudna pakSI aura vitata pkssii|" Agama granthoM meM sabhI prakAra ke jIvoM ko bacAne ke lie aneka sthaloM para preraNAe~ dI gaI haiN| upAsakadazAMga meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upAsaka Ananda zrAvaka ko abhaya pradAyaka kahA gayA hai| vartamAna meM bar3hatI hiMsA kI vajaha se pazu-pakSiyoM aura jIva-jantuoM kI saikar3oM jAtiyA~ aura prajAtiyA~ dharatI se lupta ho gaIM aura saikar3oM vilupti kI kagAra para haiN| nita naI bImAriyA~, bar3hatI prAkRtika ApadAe~ aura jalavAyu parivartana ke lie jIva-jantuoM kA aMdhAdhuMdha vinAza jimmedAra hai| paryAvaraNa-saMrakSaNa aura pAristhitikI santulana ke lie sabhI prakAra ke jIvoM kA dharatI para honA Avazyaka hai| SaTjIvanikAya kI rakSA meM isI AvazyakatA kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| rAtri-bhojana niSedha kI upayogitA rAtribhojana tyAga bhagavAna mahAvIra kI viziSTa aura anupama dena hai| zramaNAcAra meM rAtribhojana-tyAga ko chaThe mahAvrata kA darjA diyA gayA hai| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke lie rAtribhojana-tyAga ko anivArya batAyA gayA hai| unake lie rAtri meM jala-sevana bhI niSiddha hai| sUryAsta hote-hote bhI koI zramaNa bhojana karatA hai to vaha 'pApa zramaNa' kahalAtA hai|" mahAvratoM ke apavAda mila sakate haiM, para rAtribhojana-tyAga kA koI apavAda nahIM hai| isase rAtribhojana-tyAga kI viziSTatA aura mahattA kA patA calatA hai| cAritrapAhuDa meM 11 prakAra ke saMyamAcaraNa meM rAtribhojana-tyAga ko samAviSTa kiyA gayA hai| 'AcAra-sAra' meM to zrAvakAcAra meM bhI rAtribhojana-tyAga ko chaThe vrata kI saMjJA dI gaI hai| rAtribhojana niSedha kA sambandha jitanA ahiMsA aura Arogya se hai, utanA hI saMyama, sadAcAra aura brahmacarya se bhI hai| jo vyakti sUryAsta pUrva hI apanA AhAra grahaNa kara letA hai, sone ke samaya taka usakA peTa

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| 10 janavarI 2011 // jinavANI 325 halkA-phulakA aura citta prasanna rahatA hai| aise meM brahmacarya kA pAlana usake lie bahuta AsAna ho jAtA hai| AcArya sudharmA bha. mahAvIra kI stuti meM kahate haiM - 'se vAriyA itthi sarAi bhttN| yahA~ rAtribhojana ke sAtha hI vAsanA-vilAsa kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| rasanA aura vAsanA kA gaharA riztA hai| yahI riztA rAtribhojana aura vAsanA kA bhI hai| jainAcAra meM vizeSa sAdhanA karane vAlA zrAvaka pratimAe~ svIkAra karatA hai| zvetAmbara paramparA ke anusAra zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAoM me pA~cavIM niyama pratimA meM rAtribhojana tyAga kA samAveza hai tathA chaThI brahmacarya pratimA batAI gaI hai| digambara paramparA ke anusAra chaThI pratimA rAtribhuktityAga aura sAtavIM pratimA brahmacarya kA pAlana hai| isase rAtribhojana tyAga aura brahmacarya ke sahasambandha kA patA calatA hai| _ kitane hI vyakti cAhate hue bhI brahmacarya kI sAdhanA nahIM kara pAte haiN| aise vyaktiyoM ko sAdA AhAra karanA cAhiye tathA rAtribhojana-tyAga kI dizA meM Age bar3hanA caahiye| sUryAsta pUrva bhojana kara lene vAle vyakti kA zarIra nidrA-pUrva taka svAdhyAya, dhyAna, parameSThI-smaraNa Adi ke lie ekadama anukUla ho jAtA hai| jo vyakti nidrA lene se pUrva dhyAna, navakAra-smaraNa Adi karatA hai athavA dhyAna karake nidrA ke rUpa meM vizrAma karatA hai, usakI nidrA yoga-nidrA ho jAtI hai| usakA thor3I dera kA Atma-cintana yAdhyAna sampUrNa nidrA-kAla jitanA lAbhakArI ho jAtA hai| azubha svapnoM se bacane ke lie bhI nidrA-pUrva dhyAna athavA namaskAra mahAmaMtra kA.smaraNa bahuta hitakArI mAnA jAtA hai| lekina nidrA-pUrva dhyAna ko prabhAvazAlI banAne ke lie sabase pramukha tathya haisUryAsta-pUrva aahaar| jo vyakti rAtribhojana tyAga karatA hai aura yoga-nidrA letA hai, usakI thor3I-sI nidrA bhI adhika thakAna miTAne vAlI aura zIghra sphUrti dene vAlI ho jAtI hai| yoga-nidrA lene vAlA agale dina tAjagI ke sAtha jaldI uTha sakatA hai| vaha bhalI-bhA~ti apanI prAtaHkAlIna sAdhanA-upAsanA kara sakatA hai aura punIta saMkalpoM ke sAtha apane naye dina kA zubhAraMbha kara sakatA hai| isa taraha usake puNya aura puruSArtha meM abhivRddhi hotI hai tathA dinacaryA aura jIvanacaryA meM eka UrjA aura niyamitatA kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| jaina gRhasthAcAra meM rAtribhojana-tyAga kA niyama eka viziSTa pahacAna ke rUpa meM sthApita hai| parantu yaha pahacAna Aja kama hotI jA rahI hai| usakA sAmAjika jana-jIvana para nakArAtmaka prabhAva par3a rahA hai| vaha isa rUpa meM ki pahale to vyaktigata taura para rAtri-bhojana hotA thA, aba sAmUhika rUpa se rAta ko khAyA aura khilAyA jAtA hai| vaha bhI sAmAnya rUpa se nahIM, balki ADambara aura vaibhava-pradarzana ke sAtha khule udyAnoM meM bar3e-bar3e rAtri bhoja kiye jAte haiN| dhanADhya-varga aise rAtri-bhojoM meM kucha ghaNToM meM anApa-zanApa paisA pAnI kI taraha bahA detA hai| nimna madhyavargIya jana-jIvana para isa prakAra ke pradarzanoM kA acchA prabhAva nahIM par3atA hai| yadi ina bhojoM ko dina meM kara liyA jAye to dhana kA apavyaya to rukegA hI, samAja meM anAvazyaka hor3A-hor3I meM bhI kamI aaegii| sUkSma jIvoM kI hiMsA tathA vidyuta kI phijUlakharcI bhI isase rukegii| aneka jaina gRhastha Aja bhI sAmUhika rAtribhojoM kA niSedha karake samAja ko samatA aura sAdagI kA sandeza dete haiN| sAmUhika rAtribhojoM se

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326 jinavANI || 10 janavarI 2011 || samAja aura paryAvaraNa para jo viparIta prabhAva hote haiM, unakA Akalana kiyA jAe to aneka tathya mila sakate haiN| rAtribhojana-tyAga aura svAsthya kA bhI gaharA sambandha hai, jisake bAre meM samaya-samaya para carcA hotI rahatI hai| Ayurveda meM bhI sUryAsta-pUrva bhojana ko svAsthya ke lie hitakara batAyA gayA hai| rAta ko nahIM khAne vAlA aneka prakAra kI bImAriyoM se bacA rahatA hai| isakA vyakti kI kSamatA aura sAdhanA para anukUla prabhAva hotA hai| vastutaH rAtribhojana niSedha kA vyaSTi aura samaSTi, donoM para anukUla prabhAva hotA hai| __zramaNAcAra aura zrAvakAcAra kA antaHsambandha hai| zrAvaka ke lie zramaNa-jIvana aura zramaNAcAra Adarza rUpa meM hote haiN| eka jaina zramaNa kA jIvana zrama, svAvalambana, kaSTa-sahiSNutA, saMyama, tyAga, kSamA, karuNA, sajagatA, mauna maryAdA Adi aneka vizeSatAoM se anuprANita hotA hai| zramaNa-jIvana kI ye vizeSatAe~ kisI na kisI rUpa meM zrAvaka-jIvana aura janajIvana ko prabhAvita aura prerita karatI haiN| isa prakAra jaina zramaNa kI pUrI dinacaryA tathA sampUrNa jIvana-caryA jisa prakAra eka zrAvaka ke lie upayogI va anukaraNIya hotI hai, usI prakAra vaha mAnava, mAnavatA aura duniyA ke lie bhI aneka prakAra kI preraNAoM kA saMcAra karane vAlI hotI hai| sandarbha :1. Avazyaka niyukti, 189 kohNmaannNcmaayNclobhNcpaavvddddhnnN| vame cattAri dose uicchaMto hiyamappaNo |-dshvaikaalik sUtra-8.37 koho pIiMpaNAseimANo vinnynaasnno|maayaa mittANi nAsei lohosvvvinnaasnno|- dazavaikAlika sUtra, 8.38 hodi kasAummatto, ummatto tadhaNa pittummtto| - bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 1331 ____ aNathovaM vaNathovaM, aggIthovaM kasAyathovaM c| na hu bhe vIsasiyavvaM, thovaM pi hutaM bahu hoi|- Avazyaka niyukti, 120 nAzAmbaratvena sitAmbaratve,na tarkavAde na ca tttvvaade|n pakSasevAzrayaNena muktiH, kaSAyamuktiH kila muktirev| 7. isibhAsiyAI, 36.13 8. AcArAMga sUtra, 4.3.136 rosAiTTho NIlo hadappabho ardiaggisNstto| sIde vi NivAijjadi vevadi ya gahovasiTTho vaa|-bhgvtii ArAdhanA, 1360, kodho sattuguNakaro, bha.A.-1365 10. vyAkhyAprajJapti, 12.5.103 11. bAlajaNo pagabbhaI-sUtrakRtAMga 1.11.2 evaM annaM jaNaM khiMsai baalpnne|- vahI, 1.11.14 12. na tassa jAI va kulaM va tANaM, naNNattha vijjAcaraNaM suciNNaM- sUtrakRtAMga, 1.13.11 13. sayaNassa jaNassa pio, Naro amANI sadA havadi loe| NANaM jasaM ca atthaM, labhadi sakajjaM ca saahedi|-bhgvtii ArAdhanA, 1379 vyAkhyAprajJapti, 12.43 saccANa sahassANi vi, mAyA ekkAviNAsedi-bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 1384 16. mAyAmosaM vaDDhaI lobhadosA- uttarAdhyayana sUtra, 32.30 17. vyAkhyAprajJapti, 12.54 18. jahA lAho tahA loho, lAhA loho pvddddhii| - uttarAdhyayana sUtra, 8.17 14. 15.

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|| 10 janavarI 2011 | jinavANI 327 19. uttarAdhyayana sUtra, 9.48-49 20. lobhaMsantosao jinne| -dazavaikAlika 8.39 evaM lobhavijaeNaM sNtosNjnnyi|- uttarAdhyayana sUtra 29.70 21. Avazyaka sUtra pA~cavA~ aura chaThavA~ vrata 22. vyAkhyAprajJapti 15.55 23. samavAyAMga 1.1 sthAnAMga 1.1 24. zAstrI devendra muni : jaina darzana svarUpa aura vizleSaNa, pR.-87 . 25. saMsAratthA uje jIvA duvihA te viyaahiyaa| tasA ya thAvarA ceva, thAvarA tivihA thiN|- uttarAdhyayana 36.68 26. uttarAdhyayana (36.70) meM agni aura vAyu ko apekSA se gatizIla mAnA hai tathA sthAvara meM pRthvI, jala aura vanaspati ko liyA gayA hai| 27. uttarAdhyayana 36.73-76, prajJApanA (1.24) meM pRthvIkAya ke 40 bheda batAye gaye haiN| mUlAcAra meM pRthvI ke 36 bheda aura tiloyapaNNatti meM 16 bheda batAye haiN| 28. uttarAdhyayana 36.86, mUlAcAra (gAthA 210) meM 8 bheda batAye gaye haiN| 29. naphA-nukasAna, jayapura 9-10 pharavarI, 2005 30. uttarAdhyayana 36.95-96, prajJApanA (1.38-54) meM vanaspati ke 12 varga kiye gaye haiN| 31. uttarAdhyayana 36.101-109, mUlAcAra (gAthA 211) meM agni ke 6 bheda batAye gaye haiN| 32. bAyarAje u pajjattA paMcahA te pkittiyaa| ukkaliyA maMDaliyA, ghaNaguMjA suddhavAyA y|- uttarAdhyayana, 36.118 33. bhuvaneza muni (DaoN.) jaina AgamoM ke AcAra darzana aura paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa kA mUlyAMkana', pR. 190 34. jayaMcare jayaM ciTTe, jayamAse, jayaM sye| jayaM bhuMjato bhAsaMto, pAvaM kammaM na bNdhii|- dazavaikAlika sUtra, 4.62 35. beiMdiyA teiMdiyA, cauro, paMciMdiyA cev|-uttraadhyyn, 36.126 36. uttarAdhyayana, 36.172-173 37. uttarAdhyayana, 36.180 38. uttarAdhyayana, 36.181-182 39. uttarAdhyayana 36.188, DaoN. sudarzana lAla jaina ne 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra : eka parizIlana' meM jIva ke ina bhedoM aura prabhedoM kA vizeSa vivecana kiyA hai| 40. dazavaikAlika-sUtra 4.16, uttarAdhyayana-sUtraM adhyayana 19, mUlAcAra 112-113 41. uttarAdhyayana sUtra, 17.16 42. cAritrapAhuDa, 22 43. AcArasAra, 5.70 44. sUtrakRtAMga sUtra, chaThA adhyayana 45. dazAzrutaskaMdha, dazA 6 46. samaMtabhadrakRta zrAvakAcAra, vasunandI zrAvakAcAra aadi| -iNTaranezanala laoN seNTara, 61-63, DaoN. rAdhAkRSNana mArga, mailApura, cennaI-600004