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________________ zivarAja bhUSaNameM 'gusalakhAnA'kA prasaMga zrI vedaprakAza garga aneka bAra bhArI hAni uThAkara aura hAra khAkara, antameM auraMgajebane bahuta soca-vicArake bAda zivAjIkA damana karane ke lie dilera khA~ Adi aneka senApatiyoM tathA caudaha hajAra phauja sahita AmberAdhipati mirjA rAjA jayasiMha kachavAhAko niyukta kiyaa| mirjA rAjA jayasiMhane tejI aura phurtIse dakSiNa pahu~cakara atyanta buddhimAnI aura cAlAkIse zivAjIko saMdhi aura adhInatAke lie vivaza kiyaa| saMdhike pazcAt bAdazAhane bheMTa karane ke lie zivAjI ko darabAra balA bhejaa| jayasiMhake AzvAsana para zivAjIne bhI auraMgajebase bheMTa karanA svIkAra kara liyaa| apane rAjyakA saba prabandhakara 5 mArca, san 1666 I0 ko apane putra sambhAjI tathA kucha sainikoMke sAtha zivAjI. bAdazAhase bheMTa karaneke lie uttara bhAratako ravAnA hue| AgarA pahu~cakara ve darabAra meM hAjira hue| zivAjIne apane prati jaise rAjakIya vyavahArakI AzA kI thI, vaisA vyavahAra yA satkAra unheM darabArameM nahIM milaa| unheM darabArameM pA~ca hajArI manasabadAroMkI paMktimeM lAkara khar3A kara diyA gyaa| ve usa apamAnako sahana na kara sake / krodhase unakA ceharA tamatamA uThA aura ve mUcchita-se ho gye| isa ghaTanAkA mahAkavi bhUSaNane apane 'zivarAja bhUSaNa' nAmaka graMthake kaI chandoMmeM varNana kiyA hai aura isa prasaMgameM 'gusalakhAnA' zabdakA prayoga kiyA hai / 'gusalakhAnA'se bhUSaNakA kyA abhiprAya thA, isa para aba taka kisI vidvAnne sapramANa spaSTa prakAza nahIM DAlA hai / itihAsakAroMne isa ghaTanAkA sthala darabArako hI batAyA hai, para 'gusalakhAnA'kA nAma bhUSaNane bAra-bAra liyA hai aura unakA kathana prANahIna yA nirAdhAra nahIM hai| yadyapi sAmAnya rUpameM 'gusalakhAnA'kA artha snAnAgAra hai, kintu isa zabdArthakI koI saMgati isa prasaMgameM nahIM hai| isa lekha dvArA prAmANika ullekhya sAmagrIke AdhAra para isa prasaMgakA spaSTIkaraNa jijJAsu pAThakoMke sammukha prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| AgaremeM 'zivAjI-auraMgajeba-bheMTa'kA sarvAdhika prAmANika vRttAnta, jayapura rAjyake purAne daphtarase prApta aitihAsika sAmagrIke AdhAra para DA0 yadunAtha sarakArane apane 'zivAjI' nAmaka graMthameM kiyA hai| ukta graMthase jJAta hotA hai ki auraMgajebakI sAlagirahake' dina (12 maI, 1666 I0) zivAjIkA darabArameM upasthita honA nizcita huA thA, kintu zivAjIko AgarA pahu~cane meM eka dinakI derI ho gaI thii| 11 maI ko zivAjI Agarese eka maMjilakI dUrI para sarAya-malUkacanda taka hI A pAye the aura vahIM unhoMne mukAma kiyA thaa| isa kAraNa 12 maIko zivAjI darabArameM upasthita nahIM ho ske| zivAjI AgaremeM 13 maI 1. cA~da tithike anusAra bAdazAhakA 49vAM janma-dina, jo 12 maI san 1666 I0 ko par3A thaa| 2. zivAjI, DA0 sara yadunAtha sarakAra, dvitIya hindI saMskaraNa, pR0 73 / 308 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana-grantha
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________________ . kI subahako pahu~ce the| isa dina bhI darabArameM upasthita hone meM unheM kAphI dera ho gayI thii| bAdazAha dIvAna AmakA darabAra samApta kara kile meM bhItarI dIvAna khAsameM cale gaye the| kumAra rAmasiMha zivAjIko lekara, bheMTake lie vahIM upasthita hue|' sapheda pattharakA banA huA yaha dIvAna khAsa bhI janma-dinake upalakSameM acchI prakArase sajAyA gayA thA / yahA~ bhI UMce darjeke amIra-umarA aura rAjA loga sajadhajakara apane-apane darje ke anusAra khar3e the| isI darabArameM zivAjIkI bheMTa auraMgajebase huI thI aura yahIM apamAnakI ghaTanAse lekara, usake bAdakI ghaTanAe~ ghaTI thiiN| mahAkavi bhUSaNane isI dIvAna khAsake lie, apane graMtha 'zivarAjabhUSaNa' meM bAra-bAra 'gusalakhAnA' zabdakA prayoga kiyA hai| prasiddha itihAsa-graMtha 'maAsirula umarA, jisameM mugala darabAra tathA usase sambaddha amIroM, saradAroM aura rAjAoMkI jIvaniyA~ lekha baddha haiM, meM 'sAdullA khA~ allArmA kI jIvanIke antargata isa 'gusalakhAne'kA spaSTIkaraNa isa prakAra diyA huA hai: "yaha jAnanA cAhie ki daulatakhAnA khAsa eka makAna hai, jo bAdazAhI antaHpura tathA dIvAna khAsa va Amake bIca meM banA hai aura darabArase uThane para usI makAnameM kucha vAdoMkA nirNaya karaneke lie bAdazAha baiThate haiM, jisakI sUcanA sivA khAsa logoMke kisIko nahIM miltii| yaha sthAna hammAmake pAsa thA isalie yaha akabarake rAjyakAlase gusalakhAneke nAmase prasiddha hai| zAhajahA~ne ise daulatakhAnA khAsa nAma diyA thaa|" jahA~gIrane bhI apane Atmacaritra meM isa 'gusalakhAne kA ullekha kiyA hai| vaha eka sthAnapara likhatA hai ki-"19vIM AbA~kI rAtrimeM pratidinake anusAra hama gusalakhAnemeM the| kucha amIragaNa tathA sevaka aura saMyogase phArasake zAhakA rAjadUta muhammada rajAbega upasthita the|" 4 eka dUsare sthAnapara vaha phira likhatA hai-"halakA bhojanakara nitya prati hama niyamAnusAra dIvAnakhAnoMmeM jAte aura jharokhA tathA gusalakhAne meM baiThate the|"3 ina ullekhoMse spaSTa hai ki 'gusalakhAnA' eka bhavana vizeSa thA, jahA~ bAdazAhakA khAsa darabAra lagA karatA thaa| yadyapi zAhajahA~ne isakA nAma 'daulatakhAnA khAsa' kara diyA thA, phira bhI yaha apane parva pracalita 'gusalakhAne ke nAmase hI pukArA jAtA thA / vAstavameM yaha mugala samrATkA maMtraNA-gRha thaa| zAsana kI bArIka samasyAe~ yahIM hala hotI thIM aura vibhinna sUboMke bAremeM yahIMse AjJAe~ pracArita kI jAtI thiiN| bhUSaNane bhI isa bhavanake lie isake pUrva pracalita nAma 'gusalakhAnA'kA hI ullekha kiyA hai| yahAM yaha bAta vizeSa rUpase dhyAna rakhanekI hai ki itihAsakAroMkA ukta ghaTanAviSayaka sthAna zabda 'darabAra' sAmAnya arthakA bodhaka hai| bAdazAhakA darabAra jahA~ bhI lagatA thA, cAhe vaha dIvAna Ama va 1. zivAjI, DaoN0 yadunAtha sarakAra, dvitIya hindI saMskaraNa, pR0 73 / 2. maAsirula umarA arthAt mugala darabAra (hindI-saMskaraNa), pR0 332, 5vA bhAga, nA0 pra0 sabhA, kaashii| 3. darabAra Ama khAsakA sthAna-le0 / 4. jahA~gIranAmA (hindI, pra0 saMskaraNa), pR0 401, nA0 pra0 sabhA, kaashii| 5. vahI, pR0 335 / vividha : 309
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________________ khAsa (darabAra Ama khAsa, pablika esambalI haoNla) ho athavA dIvAna khAsa (darabAra khAsa, kaunsila cembara) ho, daravAra hI kahalAtA thaa| dUsarI bAta dhyAna dene kI yaha hai ki bheMTa vAle dinakA daulatakhAnA khAsa (dovAna khAsa)kA darabAra, pratidinakA vizeSa maMtraNA darabAra nahIM thA, apitu bAdazAhake janma-dinake utsava meM eka prakArase sAmAnya darabAra khAsa thaa| yadyapi sabhI Ama vyaktiyoMko vahA~ pahu~canekI AjJA ma hIM thii| isa ghaTanA-prasaMgake viSayameM itihAsakAroMne likhA hai ki "jaba zivAjIkA apamAna darabArameM huA to ve krodhAbhibhUta dazAmeM nikaTa sthita eka anya kamare yA sthAnapara cale gaye the| yaha kamarA yA sthAna darabArase saTA huA thA, para darabArase bhinna thaa| yahA~ unheM bAdazAha nahIM dekha sakatA thaa| darabArameM apamAnita hone kI ghaTanAke turanta bAdakI ghaTanAe~ yahIM ghaTita huI thiiN|"1 itihAsakAroMke ukta ullekhake AdhArapara hindI ke kucha vidvAnoMne anumAna kiyA hai ki ukta dUsare kamare yA sthAna hI ko bhUSaNane bAra-bAra 'gusalakhAnA' kahA hai, kintu uparyukta ullekhoMke AdhArapara prAmANikatAkI dRSTise yaha anumAna sahI nahIM hai / sAtha hI bhUSaNake kathana bhI isa anumAnase mela nahIM khaate| yaha dhyAna rahe ki bhUSaNane usa pUre bhavanako hI gusalakhAnA kahA hai, jahA~ bAdazAhakA khAsa darabAra lagA karatA thA, kisI kevala kamare-vizeSako nhiiN| auraMgajeba dvArA upayukta Adara-satkArakI prApti na hone para, zivAjIkA apaneko apamAnita anubhava karanA, glAni aura krodhase unake tamatamA uThanepara darabAra meM AtaMka chA jAnA, auraMgajebake saMketase rAmasiMha dvArA pUche jAnepara, niDaratApUrvaka kaTu vacanoMko kahanAAdi ghaTanAe~ isa darabArameM ghaTita huI thI aura bhUSaNane zivAjIkI isI krodha pUrNa sthitikA jisase darabAra meM AtaMka chA gayA thA, varNana zivarAja bhUSaNameM kiyA hai, unake darabArase cale jAneke bAdakI ghaTanAoMkA nhiiN| mahAkavi bhUSaNane zivarAja bhUSaNameM gusalakhAnekI ghaTanAkA varNana chanda saM0 33, 74, 169, 186, 191.242 aura 251 meM kiyA hai| ve kahate haiM ki auraMgajebane zivAjIko pA~ca hajAriyoM ke bIca khar3A kiyA, jisapara zivAjI apaneko apamAnita anubhava kara bigar3a utthe| unakI kamarameM kaTArI na dekara islAma ne gusalakhAneko bacA liyA / acchA huA ki zivAjIke hAthameM hathiyAra nahIM thA, nahIM to ve usa samaya anartha kara baiThate "paMca-hajArina bIca kharA kiyA maiM usakA kucha bheda na paayaa| bhaSana yauM kahi auraMgajeba ujIrana soM behisAba risAyA / kammara kI na kaTArI daI isalAma ne gosalakhAnA bcaayaa| jora sivA karatA anarattha bhalI bhaI haththa hathyAra na AyA / " (191) gusalakhAne meM Ate hI unhoMne kucha aisA tyaura ThAnA ki jAna par3A ve auraMgake prANa hI lenA cAhate hoM-- "Avata gosala khAne aise kachU tyaura ThAne, jAnau avaraMgahU~ ke prAnanako levA hai|" (74) 1. zivAjI di greTa, DaoN0 bAlakRSNa, pR0 256 / / 2. de0 bhUSaNa, saM0 paM0 vizvanAtha prasAda mizra, pra0 saM0, vANI vitAna, vaaraannsii| 310 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana-grantha
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________________ eka anya chaMdameM zivAjIkI vIratAkA varNana karate hue unakA dillIpatiko javAba dene, samasta darabAriyoMko AtaMkita karane aura binA hAthameM hathiyAra yA sAthameM phauja liye mAtha na navAnekA ullekha isa prakAra kiyA hai-- .. "dInI kujvAba dilIsa ko yauM juDaryo saba gosalakhAno DarArau / nAyau na mAhiM dacchina nAtha na sAtha meM saina na hAtha hthyaarau|" (169) eka aura chaMdameM bhUSaNa likhate haiM ki auraMgajebase milate hI zivAjI kruddha ho uThe, jisapara umarAva Adi unheM manAkara gusalakhAneke bIcase le cale "milata hI kurukha cikattA kauM nirakhi kInau, sarajA sAhasa jo ucita bRjarAja kauN| bhUSana kai misa gaira misala khare kiye kauM kiye, mleccha -murachita karikai garAja kauM / ara" gusulakhAna bIca aiseM umarAva, lai cale manAya sivarAja mahArAja kauM / lakhi dAvedAra ko risAnau dekhi dularAya, jaise gar3adAra ar3adAra gajarAja kauN| (33) chaMda saM0 186 meM punaH gusalakhAnemeM hI duHkha denekA prasaMga hai-- "hyA~ teM calyau cakateM sUkha dena, kauM gosalakhAne gae dUkha diinau| - jAya dilI-daragAha salAha kauM, sAha koM baira bisAhi ke lInau / "(186) 242veM chaMdameM bhI gusalakhAnemeM sAhasake hathiyArase, auraMgakI sAhibI (prabhutva) ko hilA denekA ullekha hai-- "bhUSana bhvaisilA teM gusulakhAne pAtasAhI, avaraMga sAhI binu haththara halAI hai| tA koU acaMbho mahArAja sivarAja sadA, bIrana ke himmatai hathyAra hota AI hai / "(242) zivAjIkI prazastimeM likhe hue eka prakIrNaka chaMdameM to bhUSaNane spaSTa ullekha kara diyA hai ki AtaMkita auraMgajebane bar3I taiyArI aura sAvadhAnIke sAtha gusalakhAnemeM zivAjIse bheMTa kI thI "kaiyaka hajAra kie gurja-baradAra ThAr3he, karikai husyAra nIti sikhaI samAja kI / rAjA jasavanta ko bulAyakai nikaTa rAkhe, jinakoM sadAI.rahI lAja svaami-kaajkii| bhUSana tabahu~ ThiThakata hI gusulakhAne, siMha-sI jhapaTa manamAnI mahArAja kii| haTha teM hathyAra pheMTa bA~dhi umarAva rAkhe, lInhI taba nauraMga bheMTa sivraajkii|" (442) uparyukta uddharaNoMse yaha pUrNataH spaSTa hai ki bhUSaNane isa bheMTakA jo varNana kiyA hai, vaha itihAsasammata hai aura sthAnakA nirdeza sahI hai| yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki kavike varNanameM kucha atizayokti aura camatkAra AyA huA pratIta hotA hai| aisA ho jAnA svAbhAvika hai, kyoMki kavine zivAjIkI vIratAke varNanoMko alaMkAroMke udAharaNake rUpa meM upasthita kiyA hai| zivarAjabhUSaNake kucha sampAdakoMne prasaMgake AdhArapara yadyapi 'gusalakhAnA' zabdakA artha darabAra khAsa kiyA bhI hai, kintu yaha artha abhI taka anumAnapara hI AdhArita thA / isa spaSTIkaraNase yaha anumAna aba vAstavikatAmeM pariNata ho gayA hai| vividha : 311