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________________ sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha abhAva pramANa-eka cintana -zrI rameza muni zAstrI (upAdhyAya zrIpuSkaramunijI ke suziSya) yathArtha jJAna pramANa hai| jJAna aura pramANa ina donoM kA vyApya-vyApaka sambandha hai| jJAna vyApaka hai aura pramANa vyApya hai| jJAna ke do prakAra haiM-yathArtha aura ayathArtha / jo jJAna sahI nirNAyaka hai, vaha yathArtha hai, jisameM saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya hotA hai, vaha yathArtha nahIM hai / saMzaya Adi dASoM se rahita yathArtha jJAna hI pramANa hai / pramANa dvArA prameya kI siddhi hotI hai| pramANa ke dvArA prameyAtmaka padArtha-svarUpa ko jAnane ke pazcAt hI mAnava apane abhISTa viSaya kI prApti aura aniSTa viSaya ke parihAra ke liye tatpara hotA hai| jisakA nizcaya kiyA jAya, use prameya kahate haiM aura jisa jJAna ke dvArA samagra-padArtha kA sunizcaya kiyA jAya, usa sarvAMzagrAhI bodha ko pramANa kahate haiM / prameyAtmaka padArtha kA naya aura pramANa se su-nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai / jJAtA kA vaha abhiprAya-vizeSa naya kahalAtA hai| aneka dRSTikoNa se pariSkRta vastu tattva ke ekAMzagrAhI jJAna ko naya kahate haiM / naya pramANa se sarvathA bhinna bhI nahIM hai aura abhinna bhI nahIM hai / pramANa sarvAzanAhI hai aura naya aMzagrAhI hai / pramANa yadi sindhu hai to naya bindu hai| pramANa yadi sUrya hai to naya razmijAla hai / pramANa sarvanaya rUpa hai| pramANa ke do bheda haiM / prathama prakAra, "pratyakSa" hai aura dvitIya prakAra hai-parokSa / pratyakSa pramANa kI do pradhAna zAkhAe~ haiM-Atma-pratyakSa aura indriya-anindriya pratyakSa / prathama zAkhA paramArthAzrayI hai etadartha yaha vAstavika pratyakSa hai| aura dUsarI zAkhA vyavahArAzrayI hai etadartha yaha aupacArika pratyakSa hai / pAramArthika pratyakSa kI utpatti meM kevala AtmA kI sahAyatA rahatI hai| pratyeka dravya kA apanA asAdhAraNa svarUpa hotA hai| usake apane dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva hote haiM jinameM usako sattA sImita rahatI hai| sUkSma dRSTi se vicAra karane para dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva bhI antataH dravya kI asAdhAraNa sthitirUpa hI phalita hote haiN| jaina darzana ke anusAra pratyeka dravya apane svarUpa-catuSTaya se sat hotA hai aura para-rUpa-catuSTaya se asat hai / pratyeka padArtha sva-rUpa se sa para-rUpa se asat hone ke kAraNa bhAva aura abhAva rUpa hai / padArtha sad-asadAtmaka hai| usameM sad aMza ko bhAva aura asad aMza ko abhAva yA pratiSedha kahA gayA hai / vaha abhAva cAra prakAra kA kahA gayA hai|' unake nAma isa prakAra haiM abhAva pramANa-eka cintana : rameza muni zAstrI | 171 . ..... .
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________________ sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha BOLI 1. prAgabhAva / 3. atyntaabhaav| 2. prdhvNsaabhaav| 4. anyonyAbhAva / yaha dhra va satya hai ki dravya kI na utpatti hotI hai aura na usakA vinAza hotA hai / kintu paryAya kI utpatti hotI hai aura usI kA vinAza hotA hai| pratyeka dravya apane dravyarUpa se kAraNa hotA hai aura vahI paryAya rUpa se kArya hotA hai| jo paryAya utpanna hone jA rahA hai vaha utpatti ke pahale paryAya rUpa meM nahIM hai| ataeva usakA jo abhAva hai, vaha prAgabhAva hai / ghaTa-paryAya jaba taka utpanna nahIM huA, taba taka vaha sat nahIM hai aura jisa miTTI dravya se vaha utpanna hone vAlA hai, use ghaTa kA prAgabhAva kahA jAtA hai| dravya kA kabhI bhI vinAza nahIM hotA hai / paryAya kA vinAza hotA hai / ataeva kAraNa-paryAya kA vinAza kArya-paryAya rUpa hotA hai| koI bhI vinAza sarvathA abhAva rUpa yA tuccha na hokara uttara-paryAya rUpa hotA hai / ghaTa paryAya vinaSTa hokara kapAla-paryAya banatA hai| ataeva ghaTa-vinAza kapAla rUpa hai jise pradhvaMsAbhAva kahA jAtA hai| __ eka paryAya kA dUsare paryAya meM jo abhAva hai, vaha itaretarAbhAva hai, jise anyApoha bhI kahate haiN| pratyeka padArtha apane svabhAva se nizcita hai / eka kA svabhAva dUsare kA nahIM hotA / eka dravya kA dUsare dravya meM jo traikAlika abhAva hai, vaha atyantAbhAva hai| isa abhAva prameya ko lekara dArzanikoM meM vibhinna prakAra ke vicAra pravRtta haiN| koI dArzanika abhAva ko mAnate hI nahIM hai, koI use kalpita mAnate haiM, koI use svatantra padArtha mAnate haiM, koI use abhAvAtmaka mAnate haiM aura koI use bhAva-svarUpa mAnate haiN| punaH isa abhAva-pramANa ke viSaya meM kaI abhimata haiM / pramANa, prameya-sAdhaka hotA hai, isameM koI vAda-vivAda nahIM hai| phira bhI satya kI kasauTI saba kI eka nahIM hai / eka hI padArtha ke nirNaya ke liye dArzanikoM dvArA vibhinna prakAra ke pramANa mAne gae haiN| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki abhAva niHsvarUpa hone ke kAraNa asiddha hai| to yaha AzaMkA anucita hai| kyoMki jaina darzana ke abhimatAnusAra abhAva-padArtha bhAva-svabhAva vAlA hai / ataeva vaha niHsvarUpa nahIM hai| yaha bhI zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhiye ki bhAva-svabhAva vAle prAgabhAvAdi abhAva kI siddhi kaise ho sakatI hai ? jaina dArzanikoM ke abhimata ke anusAra RjusUtranaya aura pramANa ke dvArA una (prAgabhAva pradhvaMsAbhAva Adi) kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| jaisA ki kahA hai-naya pramANAditi aura RjusUtranayAparNAditi / vartamAna kSaNa ke paryAyamAtra kI pradhAnatA se padArtha kA kathana karanA "RjusUtra' hai / isa naya kI apekSA se prAgabhAva ghaTAdikArya ke avyavahita pUrva meM rahane vAlA upAdAna-pariNAma arthAt mRtpiNDa svarUpa hI hai, aura vyavahAranaya kI apekSA se mRdAdi dravya hI ghaTa-prAgabhAva hai| pradhvaMsAbhAva kI siddhi bhI RjusUtra-naya kI apekSA se hotI hai / pradhvaMsAbhAva sthala meM upAdeya kSaNa (ghaTotpatti sthiti kSaNa) hI upAdAna (mRtpiDa rUpa kAra) kA pradhvaMsAbhAva hai / upAdeya kSaNa ko hI upAdAna kA pradhvaMsakSaNa mAne jAne para yaha AzaMkA ho sakatI hai ki upAdeya ke uttarottara kSaNa meM pradhvaMsAbhAva kA abhAva hone se ghaTa Adi kI pUnarutpatti kI Apatti hogii| para isa prakAra kI AzaMkA ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki kAraNa meM kArya kA nAzakatva nahIM hai| upAdAna kAraNa kA vinAza hone para 172 | caturtha khaNDa : jaina darzana, itihAsa aura sAhitya www.jaineli
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________________ sAdhvIratnapuSpavatI abhinandana grantha ITTE uttara-paryAya rUpa kArya kI utpatti hotI hai na ki kArya ke vinAza meM kAraNa kI utpatti kA niyama hai| prAgabhAva upAdAna hai aura pradhvaMsAbhAva upAdeya hai| prAgabhAva kA vinAza karatA haA pradhvaMsa utpanna hotA hai| ghaTa-paryAya kapAla-paryAya kA prAgabhAva hai |kpaal-pryaay ghaTa-paryAya kA pradhvaMsa hai| prAgabhAva pUrvakSaNavartI kAraNarUpa tathA pradhvaMsa uttarakSaNavartI kAryarUpa hai| vastutaH donoM abhAva kathaMcit bhAvarUpa haiN| ataeva ukta sthala meM do abhAvoM meM sambandha mAnane kA prasaMga hI nahIM hai| vyavahAranaya kI apekSA se mRdAdi svadravya hI ghaTottara-kAla meM ghaTa-pradhvaMsa kahalAtA hai, yaha spaSTa hai| / pratyeka padArtha sada sadAtmaka hai, isameM vivAda nahIM hai| para abhAvAMza bhI padArtha kA dharma hone se yathAsambhava bhAva-grAhaka pratyakSa Adi pramANoM se gRhIta hotA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai-jisa mAnava ko ghaTayukta bhUtala kA pratyakSa jJAna hotA hai use hI ghaTa ke abhAva meM ghaTAbhAva kA bhI pratyakSa Adi se jJAna hotA hai| yaha koI niyama nahIM hai ki bhAvAtmaka prameya ke grAhaka-pramANa ko bhAvarUpa aura abhAvAtmaka prameya ke grAhaka-pramANa ko abhAvAtmaka hI honA par3egA abhAva ke dvArA bhI bhAva kA jJAna sambhava hai| jaise meghAcchanna AkAza-maNDala meM vRSTi ke abhAva se ananta AkAza meM vAyu kI sattA rUpa bhAva padArtha pratIta hotA hai| isI prakAra bhAva ke dvArA bhI abhAva kA jJAna hotA hai / agni kI sattA ke jJAna kA jJAna hotA hai| abhAva pramANa kA khaNDana isa rUpa meM huA hai -jaba bhAvAbhAvAtmaka akhaNDa padArtha pratyakSa pramANa dvArA gRhIta ho jAtA hai, to phira abhAvAMza ke grahaNa ke liye pRthak abhAva nAmaka pramANa mAnane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM raha jAtI hai / abhAva ko yadi na mAnA jAya to, prAgabhAva, pradhvaMsAbhAva Adi samasta-vyavahAra vinaSTa ho jAyeMge / kyoMki padArtha kI sthiti abhAva ke adhIna hai| sArapUrNa bhASA meM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki dUdha meM dahI kA abhAva prAgabhAva hai, dahI meM dUdha kA abhAva pradhvaMsAbhAva hai| ghaTa meM paTa kA abhAva anyonyAbhAva hai aura khara viSANa kA abhAva atyantAbhAva hai| para abhAva ko bhAva-svabhAva binA mAne ye cAroM hI abhAva nahIM ghaTa sakate / ataeva abhAva prakArAntara se bhAva rUpa hI hai| abhAva sarvatantra-svatantra padArtha nahIM hai / kintu vaha bhI vastu tattva kA usI taraha eka dharma hai, jisa prakAra bhAvAMza / arthAt pratyeka padArtha bhAvAbhAvAtmaka hai aura isaliye anupalabdhi nAmaka svatantra pramANa mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / abhAva viSayaka vaha jJAna hI abhAva pramANa siddha huA aura vaha jJAna indriyajanya hone ke kAraNa pratyakSa-pramANa ke antargata hai / bhAvAMza jJAna ke samAna abhAvAMza jJAna karAne meM cakSu indriya kI pravRtti aviruddha hai| abhAva pramANa-eka cintana : rameza muni zAstrI | 173
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________________ sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha sandarbha grantha sUcI: 1. (ka) nayo cAturabhiprAya:- laghIyastraya, zloka 55 AcArya akalaMka / (kha) jJAtRNAmabhisandhayaH khalu nayA:-siddhivinizcaya TIkA pRSTha 517-AcArya akalaMka / 2. (ka) pramANanayatattvAloka 2/1-zrI vAdideva sUri / (kha) pramANa mImAMsA 1/1/9-10-AcArya hemacandra / 3. (ka) svarUpeNa sattvAt pararUpeNa cAsattvAt bhAvAbhAvAtmakaM vastu-sthAdvAda maMjarI pRSTha 176 AcArya malliSeNa / (kha) sarvamasti svarUpeNa, pararUpeNa nAsti ca / anyathA sarva-sattvaM syAt svarUpasyApyasambhavaH / -pramANa mImAMsA pRSTha 12, AcArya hemacandra / 4. pramANa nayatattvAlokAlaMkAra, pari0 3, sUtra 52-4 vAdideva sUri / 5.(ka) syAdvAda ratnAkara pRSTha 575--vAdideva sUri / (kha) aSTa sahasrI pRSTha 100-vidyAnanda svaamii| 6. (ka) satAM sAmpratAnAmarthAnAmadhidhAna-parijJAnam RjusuutrH|-tttvaarthbhaassy-1/351 __ (kha) Rju vartamAna kSaNasthAyi paryAyamAtraM pradhAnataH sUtrayannabhiprAyaH RjusuutrH|-syaadvaad maMjarI pRSTha 317 / 7. abhAva pramANaM tu pratyakSAdAvevAntarbhavatIti / - syAdvAdaratnAkara pRSTha 310 8. bhAvAbhAvAtmakatvAd vastuno niviSayo'bhAvaH-pramANa mImAMsA a0 1, A0 1, sU0 12 AcArya hemacandra / 274 | caturtha khaNDa : jaina darzana, itihAsa aura sAhitya www.jaine
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________________ . ... . .. ... ... ......... ...... ............ . sAdhvIratnapuSpavatI abhinandana grantha HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH a nu sa ndhA na kI kArya praNAlI vi de zI jaina vidvAnoM ke saMdarbha meM H DA. jagadIza candra jaina # jainadharma aura jainadarzana para DheroM sAhitya prakAzita ho rahA hai maujUdA zatAbdI meM / eka se eka sundara camacAmAtA huA DijAinadAra kavara, bar3hiyA chapAI, AkarSaka sajjA / lekina andara ke panne palaTane se patA lagatA hai ki ThagAI ho gaI-U~cI dukAna, phIke pakavAna / phira bhI satsAhitya kI mAMga banI huI hai / deza-videza se kitane hI patra Ate haiM : jaina dharma para koI acchI sI pustaka batAiye jisameM rocaka DhaMga se jaina dharma ke mUla siddhAntoM kA varNana kiyA gayA ho / dara asala, Ajakala ke artha pradhAna yuga meM pustaka-lekhana aura pustaka-prakAzana eka vyavasAya bana gayA hai, phira satsAhitya kA sRjana kaise ho ? DaoNkTara kI padavI pAne ke liye to itanI adhika mAtrA meM zodha-prabandha likhe jA rahe haiM ki unakI tarapha koI dekhane vAlA bhI nahIM, unakA prakAzana honA to dUra rhaa| videzoM meM aisI bAta nhiiN| jaba maiM pazcima jarmanI ke kIla vizvavidyAlaya meM vasudevahiMDi para zodha kArya kara rahA thA to prAcya vidyA vibhAga ke hamAre DAirekTara mahodaya ne batAyA ki mujhe chAtroM ke adhyApana para itanA jora dene kI AvazyakatA nahIM, apane zodha kArya para hI dhyAna kendrita karanA ucita hai| aura vizvAsa mAniye, zodha kArya ke liye jina-jina pustakoM kI mujhe AvazyakatA huI-ve bAjAra meM mola milatI hoM yA nahIM-unheM hajAroM rupayA kharca karake upalabdha karAyA gyaa| kitanI hI aprApya pustakoM ko iNDiyA oNphisa lAibrerI, landana se maMgAkara unakI jeroksa kaoNpI surakSita kI gii| natIjA yaha huA ki prAcIna jainadharma ke adhyayana ke liye kIla vizvavidyAlaya kI lAibrerI agragaNya samajhI jAne lgii| jarmanI ke vidvAn khUba hI karmaTha pAye gye| zodha kArya karane kA unakA apanA alaga tarIkA hai| sAmUhika kArya (TIma varka) kI apekSA vaiyaktika kArya para adhika jora rahatA hai / apanA zodha-prabandha # likhiye, use svayaM TAipa kIjiye / nirdezaka ko mAnya na ho to usameM saMzodhana-parivartana kIjiye / phira bhI anusandhAna kI kArya-praNAlI videzI jaina vidvAnoM ke sandarbha meM : DaoN0 jagadIzacandra jaina | 175 . . . . . . . . . motionalernational harivate. Pesurases HYPER HAMAR
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________________ sAdhvIratnapuSpavatI abhinandana grantha kar3I jAMca ke pazcAt parIkSakoM dvArA svIkRta ho jAne para hI padavI sulabha nahIM ho jAtI / maukhika parIkSA ke liye parIkSakoM ke samakSa upasthita hokara unake praznoM ke uttara dIjiye, apane viSaya kA pratipAdana karane ke liye bhASaNa dIjiye aura yadi Apa upasthita vidvanmaMDalI ko saMtoSa pradAna kara sakeM to hI Apa DigrI pAne ke hakadAra ho sakate haiN| tatpazcAt Apake zodha prabandha kA amuka bhAga ucca koTi kI patrikAoM meM prakAzita kiyA jAtA hai jisa para vidvAnoM meM carcA hotI hai aura isakA nirNaya hotA hai ki Apane apane zodha prabandha dvArA aise kauna se tathya kI khoja kI hai jo aba taka ajJAta thaa| ise saubhAgya hI samajhanA cAhiye ki mujhe kIla vizvavidyAlaya meM 1970 se 1974 taka jarmana vidvAnoM ke sAtha rahate hue zodha kArya karane kA avasara milaa| isa bIca maiMne unake kArya karane kI praNAlI aura unakI sUjha-bUjha kA jAyajA lene kA prayatna kiyaa| isa tathya ko samajhane kI koziza kI ki kyA kAraNa hai ki ve loga kisI jaina grantha kA adhyayana kara usa para apane sulajhe hae maulika vicAra prastuta karane meM samartha hote haiM hama unake vaktavyoM ko pramANa rUpa meM uddhRta kara prasannatA kA anubhava karate haiM, jabaki hama usI grantha kA bAra-bAra adhyayana karate rahane para bhI apane koI maulika vicAra nahIM prastuta kara pAte - usakI gaharAI meM praveza nahIM kara pAte / prasannatA huI yaha jAnakara ki isI kIla vizvavidyAlaya meM harmAna yAkobI (1850-1937) aura rizArDa pizala (1849-1608) jaise jaina dharma evaM prAkRta ke dhuraMdhara vidvAnoM ne zodha karate hue apanI atyanta mahattvapUrNa racanAoM dvArA jaina vidyA ke kSetra meM kIrtimAna sthApita kiyaa| ___jarmanI ke vidvAnoM meM hameM sarvaprathama Alabrekhta vebara (1825-1601) kA RNI honA cAhiye jinhoMne sabase pahale vidvAnoM ko zvetAmbara jaina AgamoM kA paricaya karAne ke sAtha harmAna yAkobI jaise ziSyoM ko taiyAra kiyA, jinhoMne Age calakara jaina vidyA ke kSetra meM sarAhanIya kArya kiyaa| yAkobI kUla 23 varSa ke the jaba hastalikhita jaina granthoM kI khoja meM unhoMne bhArata kI yAtrA ko aura lauTakara 'sekreDa buksa oNva da IsTa' sIrIja meM AcArAMga aura kalpasUtra (1884), tathA sUtrakRtAMga aura uttarAdhyayana (1895) kA apanI mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA ke sAtha aMgrejI anuvAda prakAzita kiyA / ina granthoM ke anuvAda se videzI vidvAnoM ko jaina dharma kA paricaya prApta karane meM bahuta sahAyatA milI / yAkobI ne apane adhyayana ko jaina dharma taka hI sImita nahIM rakhA, unhoMne prAcIna prAkRta kathA sAhitya para bhI kArya kiyaa| unhoMne uttarAdhyayana para racita devendra gaNi kI ziSyahitA nAma kI pAiya TIkA ke AdhAra se apanI 'ausagevelte esailuMgena ina mahArASTrI tsura Aina phyurUga ina dApta zTUDiuma deSa prAkRta grAmATika Taiksa voeratarabukha' (mahArASTrI se cunI huI kahAniyAM-prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke adhyayana meM praveza karane ke liye) racanA Aja se sau varSa pUrva 1886 meM prakAzita kii| prAkRta kathAoM ke kuzala sampAdana ke sAtha prAkRta vyAkaraNa aura zabda koSa bhI prastuta kiyA gyaa| isake atirikta prophesara yAkobI kA eka aura bhI bar3A yogadAna rahA hai| unhoMne prAcIna jaina evaM bauddha granthoM ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana dvArA jaina dharma kA bauddha dharma se svatantra astitva siddha karane ke sAtha yaha bhI siddha kiyA ki zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pUrva bhI jaina dharma vidyamAna thA / apane vaktavya ke samarthana meM unhoMne pramANa upasthita kiye, kevala kathana mAtra se koI bAta siddha nahIM ho jAtI / isI ko naI zodha yA risarca kahA jAtA hai jo Atmaparaka na hokara vastuparaka hotI hai aura jisameM madhyastha bhAva kI mukhyatA rahatI hai| haribhadra sUri kI zabdAvali meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki 176 ! caturtha khaNDa : jaina darzana, itihAsa aura sAhitya .A U . ............ . . . www.jainelibre
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________________ sAdhvIratnapuSpavatI abhinandana grantha FREEEEEiiiiiiiiiiii::::: HHHHHHHHHETRA AgrahI vyakti kI yukti vahIM jAtI hai jahA~ usakI buddhi pahu~catI hai jaba ki niSpakSa vyakti kI buddhi usakI yukti kA anusaraNa karatI hai| Age calakara yAkobI ke mana meM jaina dharma sambandhI adhika jijJAsA jAgRta huI / unhoMne punaH bhArata kI yAtrA kI yojanA banAI / aba kI bAra hastalikhita granthoM kI khoja meM gujarAta aura kAThiyAvADa kA daurA kiyaa| svadeza lauTakara unhoMne apabhraza ke bhavisatta kahA aura saNakkUmAra cariu nAmaka mahatvapUrNa granthoM kA sampAdana kara prakAzita kiyaa| unake zodhapUrNa kAryoM ke liye kalakattA vizvavidyAlaya kI ora se unheM DaoNkTara oNva laiTarsa, tathA jaina samAja kI ora se jaina darzana divAkara kI padavI se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| Aja se eka zatAbdI pUrva jaina vidyA ke kSetra meM kiyA huA prophesara harmAna yAkobI kA anusandhAna utanA hI upayogI hai jitanA pahale thaa| kIla vizvavidyAlaya ke prAcya vidyA vibhAga meM jaina vidyA ke kSetra meM kArya karane vAle dUsare dhuraMdhara vidvAna haiM rizArDa pizala / dekhA jAya to bhAratIya Arya bhASA (iNDo yUropiyana) ke adhyayana ke sAtha prAkRta bhASAoM kA jJAna Avazyaka ho gayA thA / pizala kA kahanA thA ki saMskRta ke adhyayana ke liye bhASA zAstra kA jJAna atyanta Avazyaka hai aura yuropa ke adhikAMza vidvAn isake jJAna se vaMcita haiN| kahanA na hogA ki prAkRta-adhyayana ke puraskartAoM meM pizala kA nAma sarvopari hai / pizala dvArA kiye hue zrama kA anumAna isI para se lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki unnIsavIM zatAbdI ke antima caraNa meM jaba ki Agama-sAhitya prakAzita nahIM huA thA, aprakAzita sAhitya kI saikar3oM hastalikhita pratiyoM ko par3hapaDhakara, unake AdhAra se prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM ko sunizcita rUpa pradAna karanA, kitanA kaThina rahA hogaa| + Frtiiiiiiiiiiiiiii pizala 'ailImeNTarI grAmara Ava saMskRta' ke suprasiddha lekhaka e0 epha0 sTentsalara (1807-1877) ke pramukha ziSyoM meM the| yUropa meM saMskRta sIkhane ke liye Aja bhI isa pustaka kA upayoga kiyA jAtA hai / pizala ne prAkRta graMthoM ke AdhAra se apane 'grAmATika Dera prAkRta prAkhena' (prAkRta bhASA kA vyAkaraNa) nAmaka amara grantha meM atyanta parizramapUrvaka prAkRta bhASAoM kA vizleSaNa kara unake niyamoM kA vivecana kiyA hai| madhyayugIna Arya bhASAoM ke anupama koza AcArya hemacandrakRta dezI nAmamAlA kA bhI georga byuhalara (1837-1868) ke sAtha milakara unhoMne vidvattApUrNa sampAdana kiyA hai| ise durbhAgya hI kahanA cAhiye ki kalakattA vizvavidyAlaya ke AmatraNa para jamanI se madrAsa pahu~cakara ve ke liye ravAnA ho rahe the ki unake kAna meM aisA bhayaMkara darda uThA jisane unakI jAna hI lekara choddii| anrsTa lAyamAna (1858-1931) jaina vidyA ke eka aura diggaja vidvAn ho gaye haiN| Alabrekhta vebara ke ve pratibhAzAlI ziSya the| sTrAsabarga meM prAcya vidyA vibhAga meM prophesara the, vahIM rahate hue unhoMne hastalikhita jaina graMthoM kI sahAyatA se jaina sAhitya kA adhyayana kiyA / jaina sAhitya una dinoM prAyaH ajJAta avasthA meM thaa| bhArata evaM yUropa meM prakAzita hastalikhita granthoM kI sUciyoM ke AdhAra se unhoMne zvetAmbara aura digambara graMthoM kA paricaya prApta kiyA / lAyamAna sUjha-bUjha ke bahuta bar3e vidvAna the jinhoMne zvetAmbarIya AgamoM kA sUkSma dRSTi se adhyayana kiyA thaa| jaina AgamoM para racita niryakti evaM curNI sAhitya ko prakAza meM lAne kA zraya unhIM ko hai, jo sAhitya videzI vidvAnoM ko ajJAta thaa| anusandhAna kI kArya-praNAlI videzI jaina vidvAnoM ke sandarbha meM : DaoN0 jagadIzacandra jaina | 177 wwwsH
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________________ sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha prAkRta sAhitya kA adhyayana kara bhASA - vijJAna sambandhI unhoMne aneka prazna upasthita kiye / aupapAtika sUtra ko apanI zodha kA viSaya banAkara usakA AlocanAtmaka saMskaraNa prakAzita (1882) kiyA / dazavaikAlika sUtra aura usakI niyukti kA jarmana anuvAda prakAzita kiyA / [ lekina Avazyaka sUtra unheM sarvapriya thA / Avazyaka sUtra kI TIkAoM meM ullikhita kathAoM ko lekara 1867 meM unhoMne 'Avazyaka erseluMgena' (Avazyaka kathAyeM) prakAzita kiyA, lekina isake kevala cAra pharme hI chapa ske| apane adhyayana ko Avazyaka sUtra para unhoMne vizeSa rUpa se kendrita kiyA jisake pariNAmasvarUpa 'yUberajista yubera dI Avazyaka litarAtUra' (Ubersicht uber die Avasyaka Literatur = Avazyaka sAhitya kA sarvekSaNa ) jaise mahatvapUrNa graMtha kI racanA kI gaI / sambhavataH ve ise apane jIvanakAla meM samApta nahIM kara sake / Age calakara hAmburga vizvavidyAlaya ke prophesara zUviMga dvArA sampAdita hokara, 1934 meM isakA prakAzana huA / isake atirikta, pAdaliptasUrikRta taraMgavaikahA kA 'dI none' ( Die Nonne) zIrSaka ke antargata lAyamAna ne jarmana anuvAda prakAzita kiyA (1921) / isa racanA kA samaya IsA kI dUsarI-tIsarI zatAbdI mAnA gayA hai / vizeSAvazyaka bhASya kA adhyayana karate samaya jo vibhinna pratiyoM ke AdhAra se unhoMne pAThAntaroM kA saMgraha kiyA, usase patA calA ki kisI pAThaka ne isa graMtha ke sAmAnyabhUta ke prayogoM ko badalakara unake sthAna meM vartamAnakAlika nizcayArtha ke prayoga banA diye haiM / " vAlTara zUliMga (1881 - 1966) jaina Agama sAhitya ke prakANDa paMDita ho gaye haiN| naurave ke suprasiddha vidvAn aura nauravejiyana bhASA meM vasudeva hiMDi ke bhASAntarakAra ( osalo se 1946 meM prakAzita ) sTena kono ke svadeza lauTa jAne para, hAmburga vizvavidyAlaya ke prAcya vidyA vibhAga ke DAirekTara ke pada para prophesara zUbriMga ko niyukta kiyA gyaa| jaina Agama granthoM meM unakA dhyAna chedasUtroM kI ora AkarSita huA aura unhoMne isa sAhitya kA mUlyAMkana karate hue apanI TippaNiyoM ke sAtha kalpa, nizItha aura vyavahAra chedasUtroM kA sampAdana kiyaa| mahAnizItha sUtra para inhoMne zodhakArya kiyA, apanI jarmana prastAvanA ke sAtha use 1918 meM prakAzita kiyA (belajiyama ke vidvAn josepha, da lyU ( Deleu ) ke sAtha milakara 1933 meM, aura epha0 Ara0 hAma ( Hamm) ke sAtha milakara 1951 meM prakAzita) / AcArAMga sUtra kI prAcInatA kI ora unakA dhyAna gayA, isa sUtra kA unhoMne saMpAdana kiyA tathA AcArAMga aura sUtrakRtAMga ke AdhAra se vortesa mahAvIrasa' (Worte Mahaviras = mahAvIra ke vAkya, 1926 meM prakAzita ) prakAzita kiyaa| unhoMne samasta Agama granthoM kA gambhIra adhyayana kiyA jisake pariNAmasvarUpa unakI sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa kRti 'da lehare Dera jainAz2a' (Die Lehre der Jainas = jainoM ke siddhAnta, 1935 meM prakAzita) prakAzita huii| unakI yaha kRti itanI mahattvapUrNa samajhI gaI ki 1962 meM usakA aMgrejI anuvAda prakAzita karane kI AvazyakatA huI / jarmana paramparA ke anusAra, kisI vidvAn vyakti ke nidhana ke pazcAt usakI saMkSipta jIvanI aura usake lekhana kAryoM kA lekhA-jokhA prakAzita kiyA jAtA hai / lekina mahAmanA zUbiMga yaha kaha gaye the ki unakI mRtyu ke pazcAt unake sambandha meM kucha na likhA jAye / hA~, unhoMne jo samaya-samaya para vidvattApUrNa 1. AlsaDorpha, 'da vasudeva hiMDi, e spesImaina oNva Arkika jaina mahArASTrI', buleTina oNva skUla oNva oriNTiyela eNDa aphrIkana sTaDIz2a, 1936, pR0 321 phuTanoTa / 178 | caturtha khaNDa : jaina darzana, itihAsa aura sAhitya www.jainelit
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________________ sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha . ....................... lekha prakAzita kiye the, unakA saMgraha DabalyU0 zUbiMga klAine zriphTena (laghu nibandha, 1977) ke nAma se prakAzita kiyA gayA / luDaviga AlsaDorpha (1904-1978) jarmanI ke eka bahuzruta pratibhAzAlI jaina vidvAn ho gaye haiN| AlsaDorpha lAyamAna ke samparka meM Aye aura yAkobI se unhoMne jaina vidyA ke adhyayana kI preraNA prApta kii| zUbiMga ko ve apanA guru mAnate the / jaba ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ne hAmburga vizvavidyAlaya ke prAcya vidyA vibhAga meM unake kakSa meM praveza kiyA to dekhA ki zUbriga kA eka sundara phoTo unake kakSa kI zobhA meM vRddhi kara rahA hai| 1950 meM zUbiMga ke nidhana hone ke pazcAt unake sthAna para AlsaDorpha ko niyukta kiyA gyaa| AlsaDorpha ilAhAbAda vizvavidyAlaya meM jarmana bhASA ke adhyApaka raha cuke the ataeva bhAratIya sabhyatA evaM saMskRti se unakA suparicita honA svAbhAvika thaa| ilAhAbAda meM rahate-rahate unhoMne eka gurujI se saMskata kA adhyayana kiyA vyAkaraNa kI sahAyatA ke binA hI / AlsaDorpha kA jJAna agAdha thA. unase kisI bhI viSaya kI carcA calAiye, Apako phaurana javAba milegaa| eka bAra maiM unase sAkSAtkAra karane ke lie hAmburga vizvavidyAlaya meM gyaa| saMyoga kI bAta usa dina unakA janma-dina manAyA jA rahA thaa| vibhAga ke adhyApaka aura kucha chAtra Ayojana meM upasthita the| AlsaDorpha dhArA pravAha bolate cale jA rahe the aura zrotAgaNa mantramugdha hokara suna rahe the / hAsya evaM vyaMgamaya unakI uktiyA~ unakI pratibhA kI dyotaka jAna par3a rahI thiiN| apanI bhArata yAtrAoM ke sambandha meM bahata se cuTakale unhoMne sunaaye| bhArata ke paNDitagaNa jaba unheM 'anArya' samajhakara unake maMdira-praveza para roka lagAte to ve jhaTa se saMskRta kA koI zloka sunAkara unheM Azcarya meM DAla dete aura phira to mandira ke dvAra svayaM khula jaate| jaina pANDulipiyoM kI khoja meM unhoMne khambhAta, jaisalamera aura pATaNa Adi kI yAtrAyeM kI thIM aura jaba unhoMne ina bhANDAgAroM meM durlabha tADapatrIya hastalikhita pratiyoM ke darzana kiye to ve Azcarya ke sAgara meM DUba gaye / apanI yAtrA ke isa rocaka vivaraNa ko unhoMne 'zUbiga-abhinandana grantha' meM 'prAcIna jaina bhaNDAroM para nayA prakAza' nAma se prakAzita kiyA jo hAmburga kI 'prAcIna evaM arvAcIna bhAratIya adhyayana' nAmaka patrikA meM (1951) prakAzita huA hai| pazcima ke vidvAnoM ko yaha jAnakara tAjjuba huA ki muni puNyavijaya jI mahArAja ne kitane parizrama se itanI adhika saMkhyA meM mulyavAna pANDalipiyoM ko surakSita banAyA hai| ___ AlsaDorpha ke lie prAcya vidyA kA kSetra sImita nahIM thaa| unakA adhyayana vistRta thA jisameM jaina, bauddha, veda, azokIya zilAlekha, madhyakAlIna bhAratIya Arya bhASAe~, bhAratIya sAhitya, bhAratIya kalA tathA Adhunika bhAratIya itihAsa Adi kA samAveza hotA thaa| bhASA vijJAna sambandhI unakI pakar3a bahuta gaharI thI jisase ve eka samartha Alocaka bana sake the| kriTikala pAli DikzanarI ke ve pramukha 1. prophesara zUbiMga ke sambandha meM vizeSa jAnakArI ke liye dekhiye kalakattA se prakAzita hone vAlA 'jana jarnala', kA zubriga spezala aka (janavarI, 1970) / isa aMka meM 'iNDo eziyana kalcara', naI dillI ke bhUtapUrva sampAdaka DaoNkTara amUlyacandra sena kA eka mahattvapUrNa lekha hai, jo zUbriga se jainadharma kA adhyayana karane ke lie 1633 meM hAmburga gaye the| anusandhAna kI kArya-praNAlI videzI jaina vidvAnoM ke sandarbha meM : DaoN0 jagadIzacandra jaina | 176 APrivHARATHI
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________________ sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha sampAdaka the jisakA prArambha suprasiddha vI0 Traikanera ke sampAdakatva meM huA thA / vasudevahiMDi kI bhASA ko lekara unhoMne jo 'buleTina oNva da skUla oNva oriNTiyala eNDa aphrIkana sTaDIj' nAmaka patrikA (1936) meM 'da vasudeva hiDi : e spesImaina oNva Arkika jaina mahArASTrI' nAmaka zodhapUrNa lekha prakAzita kiyA hai, vaha nizcaya hI unakI gambhIra vidvattA kI ora lakSya karatA hai / prAkRta aura pAli ke sAtha-sAtha apabhraMza para bhI unakA adhikAra thA / somaprabha sUri ke kumArapAla paDiboha grantha para zodha prabandha likhakara unhoMne pI0 eca DI0 kI upAdhi prApta kI (1928 meM prakAzita) / prophesara yAkobI kI preraNA prApta kara puSpadantakRta harivaMsa purANa tisaTTimahApurisaguNAlaMkAra) para zodhakArya kiyA ( 1936 meM prakAzita ) / isake sivAya, kitane hI khojapUrNa unake nibandha prAcya patrikAoM meM prakAzita hote rahe haiM / agar3adatta kI kathA ko lekara 'nyU iNDiyana aiNTIkverI' (1938) meM unakA eka khojapUrNa lekha prakAzita huA / AlsaDorpha ke nibandhoM kA saMgraha Alabra ekhta vetsalera dvArA sampAdita 'luDaviga AlsaDorpha : klAine zriphTena' meM dekhA jA sakatA hai / yaha grantha glAsenappa phAuNDezana kI ora se 1674 meM prakAzita huA hai / AlsaDorpha kA eka dUsarA bhI mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rahA hai jise bhulAyA nahIM jA sakatA / vaha hai prAcIna mahArASTrI meM racita saMghadAsa gaNi vAcaka kRta vasudevahiMDi kI ora vizva ke vidvAnoM kA dhyAna AkarSita karanA / 1638 meM, aba se 48 varSa pUrva, roma kI 16vIM oriNTiyala kAMgresa meM unhoMne eka sAragarbhita nibandha par3hA jisameM pahalI bAra batAyA gayA ki vasudevahiDi suprasiddha guNADhya kI naSTa baDakahA (bRhatkathA) kA nayA rUpAntara hai / jaisA kahA jA cukA hai, 1970-1974 meM ina paMktiyoM kA lekhaka kIla vizvavidyAlaya isI viSaya para zodhakArya karane meM saMlagna thA / isI ko lekara kaI bAra prophesara AlsaDorpha ke sAtha carcA karane kA avasara prApta huA / idhara vasudevahiDi ko lekara bhArata ke bAhara videzoM meM zodhakArya meM vRddhi ho rahI hai, lekina durbhAgya se mUla prati ke abhAva meM jaisA cAhie vaisA kArya nahIM ho pA rahA hai / vartamAna vasudevahiDi kI prati 1630 - 1931 meM muni caturavijaya evaM muni puNya vijaya dvArA sampAdita hokara bhAvanagara se prakAzita huI thI / prophesara AlsaDorpha se isa sambandha meM carcA hone para unhoMne kahA ki anya kisI zuddha pAMDulipi ke abhAva meM, yahI sambhava hai ki prakAzita grantha kI pAda TippaNiyoM meM diye hue pAThAntaroM ke AdhAra se isakA punaH sampAdana kiyA jAye / unakA yaha mata mujhe ThIka ja~cA, kyoMki kitane hI sthaloM para maiMne 'da vasudeva hiMDi : aina oNtheNTika jaina varjana oNva da bRhatkathA' (1977) nAmaka apanI racanA meM ina pAThAntaroM kA upayoga kiyA hai / isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jarmanI meM jaina vidyA ke adhyayana ko lekara guru-ziSya paramparA meM eka ke bAda eka prakANDa vidvAn paidA hote gaye jinhoMne jainadharma, jaina darzana aura prAkRta ke kSetra meM sarAha - nIya kArya kiyA / helmutha phaoNna glAsenappa (1861 - 1963) yAkobI ke pramukha ziSyoM meM se the / lokapriya zailI meM unhoMne jainadharma sambandhI aneka pustakeM likhI haiM / jainadharma aura karmasiddhAnta sambandhI unakI pustakoM ke anuvAda hindI, gujarAtI aura aMgrejI meM hue haiN| unakI eka pustaka kA nAma hai 'iNDiyA aiz2a sIna bAI jarmana thiMkarsa' (bhArata jarmana vicArakoM kI dRSTi meM ) hai / unhoMne aneka bAra bhArata kI yAtrA kI / unakI yAtrA ke samaya prastuta lekhaka ko unase bheMTa karane kA avasara milA thA / vizeSa ullekhanIya hai ki AlsaDorpha sevAnivRtta hone para bhI usI utsAha aura joza se zodha kArya karate rahe jaise pahale karate the aura vizvavidyAlaya kI ora se unheM pahale jaisI sabhI suvidhAyeM milatI 180 | caturtha khaNDa : jaina darzana, itihAsa aura sAhitya www.jainelibh
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________________ sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha iiiiiiii rhiiN| unhoMne aneka ziSya taiyAra kiye / inameM klAusa bana, 1966 se hI balina ke phrAi vizvavidyAlaya ke prAcya vidyA vibhAga ke adhyakSa pada para kArya kara rahe haiN| ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ko balina meM prophesara bra na se sAkSAtkAra karane kA avasara prApta huA hai| unhoMne zIlAMka ke 'cauppanna mahApUrisa-cariya' kA sampAdana (1954) kiyA hai| unakA dUsarA ullekhanIya kArya hai Avazyaka kA vistRta adhyayana jo 'Avazyaka sTaDIja 1' nAma se 'jainadharma evaM bauddhadharma kA adhyayana' nAmaka AlsaDorpha abhinandana grantha (1981) meM 38 pRSThoM (11-46) meM prakAzita huA hai| isake atirikta unhoMne apane sahayogI prophesara candrabhAla tripAThI ke sAtha milakara anTa vAlDazmita ke 80veM janma divasa para prakAzita unake abhinandana graMtha meM 'jaina zabdAkramaNikA evaM bhASya zabdAnukramaNikA' nAmaka lekha prakAzita kiyA hai (balina, 1977) / prophesara eDelahAiDa meTTe AlsaDorpha kI eka anya viduSI ziSyA haiM jo Ajakala myUnika vizvavidyAlaya ke prAcya vidyA-vibhAga meM kArya rahI haiN| oghaniyukti para inhoMne kArya kiyA hai| samayasamaya para jarmana patrikAoM meM inake zodhapUrNa nibandha prakAzita hote rahate haiM / inakA eka vidvattApUrNa nibandha ukta AlsaDorpha abhinandana graMtha meM prakAzita huA hai jisameM bRhatkalpa bhASya (1. 1157-1158) kI kathA kI bauddhoM ke mUsika jAtaka se tulanA karate hue, bRhatkalpa bhASya kI ukta gAthAoM kI prAcInatA para prakAza DAlA gayA hai / ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ko apanI myUnika-yAtrA ke samaya zrImatI meTTe se bheMTa karane kA avasara prApta huaa| isa prasaMga para balina kI phrAI vizvavidyAlaya ke prophesara klAusa brUna ke sahayogI prophesara candrabhAla tripAThI ke nAma kA ullekha kara denA Avazyaka hai jinhoMne sTrAsabarga kI lAibrerI meM upalabdha jaina pAMDulipiyoM para utpanna mahatvapUrNa zodha kArya kiyA hai| unakI yaha kaiTeloga oNva da jaina mainuskripTsa aiTa sTrAsabarga' nAmaka mahatvapUrNa kRti bhUmikA, pariziSTa, pleTsa aura mAnacitra ke sAtha lAiDana (hAlaiNDa) se 1675 meM prakAzita huii| jarmanI ke anya vidvAnoM meM paMcataMtra ke suprasiddha sampAdaka aura prAkRta jaina sAhitya ke viziSTa adhyetA tathA 'da liTarecara oNva zvetAmbara jainsa oNva gujarAta' (1922) ne lekhaka joAnesa zrADera, guiTiMgana vizvavidyAlaya meM bauddha evaM jaina vidyA ke vidvAn gustApha raoNtha, aura 'rAjA nami kI pravrajyA' (1976) ke jarmana bhASAntarakAra, jarmana gaNatantra meM hAmbolTa vizvavidyAlaya, valina meM prAkRta ke vidvAn bolpha gAMga mauragena raoNtha Adi ke nAma ullekhanIya haiN| videza ke anya vidvAnoM meM amarIkA ke nArmana brAuna, arnesTa beNDara, cekoslovAkiyA ke maurisa viNTaranItsa, svIDana ke jAla zANTiyara, beljiyama ke da' lyU, phrAMsa kI maiDama ka' yA (Callat) Adi ke nAma ginAye jA sakate haiN| vistAra bhaya se isa lekha meM unake evaM unakI racanAoM ke sambandha meM kucha kahanA sambhava nhiiN| ..... . anusandhAna kI kArya-praNAlI videzI jaina vidvAnoM ke sandarbha meM : DaoN0 jagadIzacandra jaina | 181 ...........