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________________ satyameva jayate nAnatam 'satyameva jayate nAnRtam-e atharvavedanA muNDakopaniSada mAMnu (3-1-6) vAkya ghaNA kharA jANe che, emAMno pahelo bhAga svatantra bhAratanu dhyeya vAkya tarIke paNa cuTAyo che / e zrati vAkya no artha satyanoja (sadA) jaya jUThAno nhiiN| evo Aja saghI levA prAvyo che| paNa upaniSada mAM je saMdarbha mA~ e vAkya prAvyu che te jotAM uparano artha yogya nathI ema lAge che, e artha karatI vakhate 'satyam' ane 'anRtam' ne vAkya nA kartA levAmAM AvyA che, paNa te yogya na thii| e vAkya mAM 'satyam' (ane anRtam) e karma roI RSi ne kartA tarIke svIkAravAno cha / ema karatAM e vAkya no artha prAvo thaze 'RSi satyaja melave che, anRta melavato nathI' / upaniSado mAM RSi muniyo nu dhyeya brahma prApti karavA nu cha, ane e brahma eTaleja antima satya (satyasya satyam) / ahiyA satya e sAdhya che, e satya karatAM je judu hoya te badhu anRta gaNAya, e sAdhya thaI zakatu nathI / brahma nA satya ane asatya rUpo vize meM -upaniSada mAM anuvAkya che-dve vAva brahmaNo rUpe mUrtaca amUrta c| atha yanmUrta tada asatyam, yamUrta tat satyam / tad brahma tajjyoti: maitri 6,3 / jarmana tatvajJa Deusseu paNa 'satyameva jayate' no pAnoja artha kare che -Wahiheit Crisicgter (ie.ativadm of. Chandh. 16) nieht unwebrheit" apara zrati vAkya no navo Apelo artha spaSTa thAya teTalA mATe muNDakopaniSada mAMnA be zloka jova ThIka thaze satyena labhyastapasA hyaSa AtmA samyak jJAnena brahmacaryeNa nityam / antaH garIre jyotirmayo hi zubhro yaM pazyaMti yatayaH kSIgA doSAH / / satyameva jayate nAnRtaM satyena panthA vitato devayAnaH / yonAkrama vRntya'Sayo hyAptakAmA yatra na tatsatyasya paramaM nidhAnam / / (3,15--6) AmAMnAM pahelA zloka mAM satyanA gaNatarI tapa, samyakajJAna, vagaire sAdhano mAM karI che, ane tevaDe prAtma prApti thAya che ema kA che| ane bIjA zloka mAM ema kahya' che ke je devayAna thI RSio jAya che te satya thI vitata che ane pAkhare te sojyAM pahoMce che te satyanuparama nidhAna cha / tekI zloka nA prAraMbha mAM prAvatAM 'satyameva jayate' e zruti vacana mAM satya eTale vyAvahArika satya ane e vacana no laukika dRSTiAe karelo artha 'satyanoja sadA jaya thAya che' evo artha karavo yogva lAgata nathI, RSi pAkhare jyAM pahoMce che tyAM 1. RSi je mArga vaDe jAya che tenu varNana muNDaka mAM jema satyena panthA vitato devAyAnaH' evu kayu che tema vRhadAraNyaka mAM (4.4.6) mArga vize eSa panthA brahmagaha anuktiH tena eti brahmavita....ema kA che / pA vanne vAkyo cheka samAnArthaka na thI to e tepara thI muNDakamAMnA upalA zloka mAM satya e brahma nA artha mAM che e jaNAI aavshe|
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________________ 347 ] zrI ma0 sa0 mahendale mAtra satya hovAthI uparanA vAkya no artha RSi satyateja melave che' ema levo joiye| RSi anata ke vIjA loko melavato nathI, kAraNa ainue sAdhya nthii| prA navA arthanI yogyAyogyatA tapAsavA mATe upaniSadomAM 'satyaM' ane'jI'e zabdo to bApara ke vI rIte karavAmAM Avyo che e jovU ISTa gaNAya / emAMthI brahma eTaleja antima satya e siddhAnta upaniSado mAM aneka ThekANe mUkavAmAM Avyo che| chAMdogyamAM uddAlaka prArupIe zvetaketu ne je prAtmakya nI zIkhAmaNa pApI temAM A badhI carAcara sRSTiI no je prAtmA teneja satya kahya che, rasayaH eSa aNimA, ai tadA tvamidaM sarvam tat satyaM, sa AtmA tat tvam Ame zvetaketA (6,8-16) e zIkhAmaraNa aApatA pahelA prArupIe zvetaketU ne je prazna pUchayo teno thoDo ukela karatI bakhate paNa 'satya zabda mUlabhUta satya e artha mA~ vaparAyo che (ekena mRtpinDena sarva mRnmayaM vijJAtaM syAt vAcArammaNaM vikAro nAmadheyaM mRttikA ityeva satyam / "loham ityeva satyam / ...."vigere 6.1) / eja upaniSadamAM pAgala brahmanu nAma satya evU spaSTa rIte kA che (tasya havA etasya brahmaNo nAma satyam iti / 8,3) je muNDaka mAM "satyameva jayate' e vAkya che te mAM paNa brahma prAnu svarUpa kahetI bakhate 'akSara puruSa eja satya' ema kahya cha (yonAkSara puruSa veda satya provAca tAM tatvato brahmavidyAm / 1.2.13 temaja, tad enad akSara brahma ... tad etat satyaM, tad amRtaM ... (2.2.2.) eje pAkharo satya kAM to brahma tenA para Aditya rUpa sonAnu DhAMkA hoI te dura karyA pachI satya joI zakAya che ena keTalAka ThekANe varNana cha (hiraNyamayena pAtreNa satyasyApihitaM mukham / tat tvaM pUSan apAvRNu satya dharmapi dRSTaye / / IzA0 15 vRha0 515) / 'satyameva jayate' e bAkyamAM satyane kartA tarIke letAM pahelAM eka bAta dhyAna mA~ rAkhavI joie te eke satya e brahmanu eka abhidhAna hovA thI upaniSada mAM satyane kayAMya kartRtva prApavAmAM aAvyu nathI / vRhadAraNyaka mA~ eka ThekANe (5.5.1.) sRSTI nA utpatti nu varNana karatI vakhate aAvA vAkyo cheH prApaH eva idam agre pAsuH / tA: pApaH satyaM asRjanta, satyaM brahma. brahma prajApati prajApati devAn... / prA vAkyo upara upara jotAM pahelA to ema lAge ke ahiyAM satya ne brahma utpanna karavAnu kartRtva prApavAmAM AvyUche paNa vastusthiti tevI nathI / AnA pahelA nAM khaDa mAM (5.4) satya eTaleja je brahma te 'prathamaja' hovAnu kA che (sayora etaM mahadyakSaM prathamajaM veda satyaM brahma iti......) yA para thI e spaSTa thaze ke uparanAM vAkyo mAM 'satyaM brahma e zabdo mAM sAmAnAdhikaraNya ch| ane teno artha pANI e satya utpanna kyu"| e satya eTalo brahma, brahmA e prajApati, prajApati e devo ne utpanna karyA evo le vAno ch| upaniSado mAM badheja ThekANe satya eTale brahma evo artha hoya che enUsUcana karavAno hetu na thii| keTaleka ThekAraNe satya eTale 'sAcu' bola' evo vyAvahArika artha paNa hoya che dAkhalA tarIke vedAbhyAsa pUrothAya pachI guru e ziSya ne je upadeza karavAne hoya che temAM 'satyaMvada / .. satyAnna pramaditavyam' (tati 1.111) evA vAkyo che chAMdogya mA~ (1.2,3.) paNa kA che 'tasmAt tayA (X vAcA) ubhaya vadani satyaM ca anRtam da, koI ke corI karI che ke nahIM e bAbata mAM cukAdo prApavA mATe tapta parathu no je prakhyAta dAkhalo cha temAM paNa AvA prasaMge jenA hAtha dajhAya te anRtAbhi saMdhI ane jeno hAtha na dajhAya te satyAbhi saMdhI evo nirNaya ko che (chAMdogya 6-6). A~khe joela te satya kAne sAMbhale la nahIM: prA satya atmavAra vyAvahArika satya hoI te basa pratiSThita hoya ch| ema vRhadAraNyaka kahe ch| cakSa satyama |.."tsmaad pada idAnI dvau vivadhyAnau eyA tAm, aham pradarzana, aham azrauSam iti, yo evaM brayAt aham pradarzam iti, tasmai eva zraddadhyAya (5.14.4) brahma melabavAnA sAdhano mA~ jya re satyanI gaNatrI hoya che tyAre tyAparaNa
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________________ satyameva jayate nAnRtam [ 348 satya eTale laukika satya abhipreta hoya che| upara prApelA muNDakamAMnA zloka mAM satya, tapa, samyajjJAna ane brahmacarya e cAra aAtma prAptI nA sAdhano kahyA cha / emAM nA satya ane tapano ullekha zvetAzvatara mAM paNa che (satyen eva tapasA yo'nupazyati / 1.15) e sivAya sAdhana viSayaka bIju vAkya : tasmAd viSayA tapasA cintayA ca upalabhyate brahma / (maitri. 4-4 vigere) brahma prApti nA e sAdhano nI utpatti akSara brahma thI ja thaI cha (tasmAcca devA: vadyAsaM prasUtAH tapazca zrahA satyaM brahmacarya vidhizca / (muNDaka 2.1.7) praznopaniSad mAM kyA sAdhano brahma loka melavA mATe saphala thAya che ane kyA thatA nathI e spaSTa rIte batAvyu chaH teSAn eva brahmaloko yeSAM tapo brahmacarya, yeSu satya pratiSThitam / "na yeSu jihmam anRt na mAyA ca iti / 1.15.6 temaja muNDaka mAM (3.2.3) nAyamAtmA prabacanena labhyo na medhayA na bahunA zru tena-ema jaNAvyu cha / paraNa prAparaNe je vAkyano artha karabo che te zloka mAM RSi pAkhare kyAM jaI pahuMce che te kahya hovAthI patyano artha brahma levo paTe, sAcu bolavae nathI / upaniSado mAM 'satya' zabda nA je prayogo che te joyA pachI grAparaNe 'jI' zabda ne laIye / cheka Rgveda thI mAMDA e dha tUnA melava, prApta karavu 'temaja' jIta vijaya melavavo evA banne arthoM saMbhave che| upaniSado mAM paNa 'ekAda vasta melkvii| eartha jI dhAtano prayoga jIvA mAM pAve che 'loke jayati' ke saMlokatAM jayati-evA prayogo upaniSado mAM gharaNIvAra Ave che-taMta loke jayate tAMzca kAmAn' ema muNDaka mAMja (3.1.10) kahya che, ane tyAM 'jayate' no melave che, prApta kare che eja artha e cokkhu cha / A vAkya mAM prAvatAM 'kAmAn jayate' ne badale chAMdogya mAM pAvatA 'pApnoti sarvAn kAmAn (7.10) e zabdo paNa eja vastu batAve che / sAmaviSayaka gUDhArthanA ukela karatA bakhate ekavIsa akSaro vaDe prAditya prApti thAya ch| ane bAvIsamA akSare AdityamI je para che te mala che e karatI bakhate 'jayati' ane 'prApnoti' nA je prayogo che te parathI A hakIkata vadhAre spaSTa thAya chaH ekaviMzatyA aAdityam' prApnoti' |"dvaabishen param AdityAt jayati tatnAkam tad vizokam (chAM.2.10.5.) / e para thI 'satyameva jayate' e vAkya mAM 'satya' eTale 'pratima satya' athavA 'brahma' ane jayate 'melave che' evA artho levA mAM koI vA~dho na thI e vastu dhyAna mAM paavshe| __'satyameva jayate'-e zrati vAkya para zrIzaMkarAcArya lakhechaH satyameva satyavAna eva jayate jayati, na anRtaM na anRnavAdI ityrthH| nahi satyAnRtayoH kevala yo: puruSAnAzritayoH jayaH parAjayovA saMbhavati / prasiddha loke satyavAdinA anRtavAdI abhibhUyate na vipryy-| ata: siddha satyasya balavatsAdhanatvam / epara thI prAcArya zrI vepaNa mAtra satya tarapha kartRtva prApavAmAM aDacaNa lAgI ane tethI temaNe satyam-satyavAdI puruSa evo artha lIdho / paNa tema chatA emaNo satyane vAkya no kartA mAnyo ane jayate no artha jayathAya che evo lIvo tethI upara nA vAkyano 'satyanoja sadA jaya thAya ch| evo laukika artha emane abhipreta ch| emanA matavya pramANe ema kahevAnu" kAraNa satyanI uttama sAdhana tarIke prazaMsA karavI echa / paNa enI jarUra gaNAtI na thii| kAraNa yA upaniSada je RSiprona akSara prApti tatva jJAna rUpa je parAvidyA tethI thaI zake che / lokika jaya ke parAjaya e badhu apara vidyA mAM prAvI zake, te muNDako ne keTalA upaniSat mAM sthAna na thii| e upadeza grahaNa 1. maNDaka upaniSada mAM prApelA brahmavidyA mAthAnu muNDana karI araNya mA rahevArA pro mATe hatI eva teSAmeva etA brahmavidyA vadena ziro vrataM vidhivat paistu cIrNam [3, 2,10] e vAkya parathI lAge ch|
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________________ zrI ma0 sa0 mehendale karI vana mA rahetA prAptakAma RSiprone 'satyanoja sadA vyavahAra mA~ jaya thAya cha'-e bAta kahevAnI jarUra nathI) tapaH zraddha yohya pa vasantyaraNye zAntA vidvAMsau bhaikSa cavaM ciranta: (12,11); mA upadeza denAra ane lenAra guru ziSyanu varNana paNa ame bhevu (1, 2, 12-13) ekaMdare muNDaka upaniSad mAM prApelu tatva jJAna ane tyA prAvatu sAdhya sAdhakonu varNana jotAM 'satyameva jayate' no artha RSi satya-(brahma) teja melave che' evo artha ucita thshe| A vivecana sAme thoDApha prAkSepo mUkavA zakya cha, pahelo prAkSepa evo cha ke 'jI' dhAtuno jo parasma pade upayoga karyo hoya to karmanI apekSA rakhAye / ' paNa uparanA vAkya mAM 'jayate' evo pAtmanepade upayoga hovA thI karmanI apekSA na thI ane tethIja e vAkyano 'satyanoja jaya thAya che' evo akarmaka artha levAmAM Avyo cha / prA banne prayogonu udAharaNa tarIke aitareya brAhmaNamAMnu (12.6) eka vAkya pApI zakAya / 'yajamAna ........jayati svargalokaM, vyasmin loke jayate' / A AkSepano parihAra ema karI shkaay| pahelI bAta evI ke Atmane padamAM thatAM prayogohameza karma nirapekSa hoya che evaM na thI / muNDakamAMja AvatA 'pazyate' nA sakarmaka upayoga jovA: yadA pazya: pazyate rukmavarNakartAraM IzaM puruSa brahmayonim (3, 1, 3) ane 'tatastu taM pazyate niSkalaM dhyAyamAnaH (3,1,8) / bIjo bAta evI ke 'jayate' noja sakarmaka upayoga muNDakamAM cheH tataM lokaM jayate tAzca kAmAn / 3, 1, 10 / parantu khare khara jotAM to zrR ti vAkya mAM 'satyameva jayati' ne badale satyameva jayate' evo prayoga karavAnu kAraNa muNDa kamAM vaparAyelA chaMda mAM che / jarmana paMDita herTale 2 emanA munDakopaniSata paranA pustakamAM e chaMdanu je vivecana karyu che te para thI (pA0 28) ema spaSTa thAya che ke A upaniSad mA AvatA triSTubha mAM jyA pAdano pahelo avayava cAra akSara no ane bacalo avayava traNa akSara no hoya che tyAM vacatA avayava nA traNe akSare kade laghu hotA nathI / ane tethIja 'satyama va jayati' ane taMtaloka jayati' ne badale 'satyameva jayate' ane taMtalokaM jayate evA prayoga thayA che / tethI ahiyAM 'jayati' evo parasmaipada mAM upayoga gRhIta-'satyaM' ne kama levAmAM koI vAMdho na thii| herTalanA mAnavA pramANe to pA zlokanA pahelA padamAM zevaTanu akSara nIkalI gayuche / ApAda chaMdanI dRSTi e ekAkSara thI nyUna to cheja, tethI herTala zlokanI pahelI lITI ema vA~ce cha satyama va jayate, nAnRtaM saH, satyena panthA vitato devyaanH| (pA0 56 ane 44) 'ema kayu hoyato 'saH' e kartA ane 'satya' e karma e co karavI bAta che / herTalene A vAkyano nizcita thayo prartha abhipreta hato e samajavA mArga nathI / paNa upaniSad mAM emaNe sUjavelI durustI mAnya rAkhavI hoya to e vAkyamAM 'satyaM' mAnavu kema ghaTe che te upara jaNAvyu cheja / bIjo AkSepa evo ke zlokanA pahelA pAdamAM 'jayate' evo eka vacana mA~ prayoga hovAthI RSi e eka vacanI kartA mAnavAno che paNa bIjA pAdamAM to RSayaH Akrayanti' Avo bahuvacana mAM prayoga ke tethI pahelA pAdamAM eka vacanI kartA avyAhRta na mnaay| AkSepanuparaNa uttara prApI zakAya ema cha / prAvI jAta nA vacana virodha bIje ThekAraNe paNa jovA mala cha / dAkhalA tarIke muNDakamAnAM nIcenA zloka jovA : saveda etat parama brahmadhAma yatra vizvaM nihitaM mAtizubhram / upAsate puruSayase hyakAmAste zukram etada ativartanti dhIrAH // 3, 2, 1 1. gre ke prAkSepa ekadama kharonathI / "bhAratIkaverjayati" jevA prayoga paNa mala che|| 2. Johannes Hertal-Mundka Upnisad-kritisehe Ausgabe, leipsig 1924.
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________________ 350 ] satyameva jayate nAnR. etaida upAyara yatate yastu vidvAn tasya eSa prAtmA vizata brahma dhAma / saMprApya enam RSayo jJAna tRptAH kRtAtmAno vItarAgAH prazAntAH / / 3-2-4-5 // eka bIjA AkSepa evo ke upaniSado mAM 'RSiHbrahma jayati' evo prayoga malato nthii| AbAta sAcI che| paNa jayatine badaleI satyam ivina isAya Isatha kriyApadonA upayoga nIce nA vAkyo mAM jovA jevA cheH satyena labhyaH .... prAtmA (mu03-1-5) nAyAmAtmA pravacanena labhyaH (mu0 3-2-3) tasmAda vidyayA....... upalabhyate brahma (maitri 4-0) brahmacaryeNa prAtmAnAm anuvindate (chA-8-5) brahma prAptaH (kaTha-6-18) atra brahma samabhu te (kaTha 7-14 vRha0 4-47), 'jayati' vizeSaNa upara chAM-2-10-5-6 mAnu sAhityanI prApti ane sAhitya thI jepara che tenI prApti tithena vAkya TAMkI zakAyaH eva vizena Adityam prApnoti .....dvAvizena param AdityA jjayati / eka ThekAraNe sAhityanuja aMtima dhyeya je brahma teMnA sAtha aikya brahmacaryeNa zraddhayA vidyayA prAtmAnam anviSya Adityam abhijayante / etadvai prANAnAm apatanaya etad amRtam abhayam etad parAyaNam etasyAnna punarAvartanA iti / A vAkyamA pahelA AtmAnA anveSaNanA sAdhano pApyA cha / anete pachI tarataja Adityam abhijayante no prayoga cha / muNDakamAM paNa pahelAM prAtma prApti nA sAdhanoM batAvyA che ane tepachI tarataja 'satyameva jayate' no prayoga cha / prazna mAMna prAdityam abhijayante ane muNDakamAna satyameva jayate yA vanne vAkyo je sthitimA aAvyA che temAnI sarakhAmaNI pApaNe dhyAnamAM laIe to satyameva jayate no je artha ame batAvavAmAM Avyoche te vize zaka rahI zake nathI / uparanA badhA vivecana mA~ eva manAyunathIM ke 'satyameva jayate' nA 'satyanoja jaya thAya che' evo artha kayAreva thaI zake nathI / e vAkyano jo prakAraNa nirapekSa upayoga ko hoya to tenA tevo artha levAmAM koI bhUla nthii| te artha paNa zAstrazudra che tethI arthanI jyAM vivakSA che tyAM svataMtra rIte e vAkyano upayoga karyo hoya tyAM paNa upaniSadamAM malato mUlanoja artha kAyama rAkhavo joie evo Alekha lakhavAmAM prAgraha nathI / Agraha eTalA para toja che ke mUla upaniSadamAMja e artha hovAnu je Aja sudhI manAyu che te yogya lAgatuna thii|