Sanskrut ke do Aetihasik Champoo

Author(s): Baldev Upadhyay
Publisher: Z_Nahta_Bandhu_Abhinandan_Granth_012007.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/212105/1

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saMskRtake do aitihAsika campU DaoN0 baladeva upAdhyAya saMskRtameM aitihAsika kAvyoMkI gaNanAmeM ina mahattvapUrNa campuoMkA bhI samAveza nitAnta Avazyaka hai| ina donoM campuoMke racayitA dakSiNa bhAratake nivAsI the jinameM eka to hai mahilA aura vaha bhI rAjAkI paTTamahiSI, aura dUsare haiM puruSa aura vaha bhI caritanAyakake sAnnidhyameM rahanevAle vidvAn / inameM se prathamakA nAma hai varadAmbikA pariNaya' campU aura dUsarekA AnandaraMgavijaya campU / saMkSipta paricayase bhI unakA aitihAsika mahattva bhalIbhAMti jAnA jA sakatA hai| 'varadAmbikApariNaya' campUkI racayitrI haiM tirumalAmbA, vijayanagarake zAsaka rAjA acyutarAyakI dhrmptnii| granthake antameM nirdiSTa paricayameM ye apaneko 'vividha vidyApragalbharAjAdhirAjAcyutarAya-sAvaMbhauma-premasarvasvavizvAsabhU' kahA hai jisase inakI rAjAkI paTTamahiSI honekI bAta spaSTataH dyotita hotI hai| tirumalAmbAko kAvyapratibhA sacamuca zlAghanIya hai| eka bAra hI sunakara navya kAvya, nATaka, alaMkAra, purANAdikoMkI dhAraNA karane meM ve apaneko jo samartha batalAtI haiM to yaha vizeSa atyukti nahIM hai| yajJa yAgAdikoMmeM brAhmaNa vargako dAna dene tathA unase AzIrvAdase saubhAgya pAnekA ve svataH ullekha karatI haiN| vijayanagarake kavijanoMke AzrayadAtA itihAsavizruta rAjA kRSNadeva rAya (I0 san 1509-1530) ke anantara acyutarAya 1529 IsvImeM rAjagaddIpara baiThe tathA 1542 I0 taka zAsana kiyA / inhIMkI paTTamahiSI honekA gaurava tirumalAmbAko prApta hai| acyutarAya itihAsameM sAdhAraNa koTike zAsaka mAne jAte haiM / isa tathyakA samarthana yaha campUkAvya bhI karatA hai, kyoMki vaha unake kisI parAkrama-pradarzaka zUrakAryake viSayameM sarvathA mauna hai| gadya-padyakI mizrita zailImeM nibaddha yaha kAvya AzvAsa yA ucchvAsameM vibhakta na hokara eka hI prakaraNavAlA manoraMjaka grantha hai| isake ArambhameM candravaMzakA thor3A varNana hai aura vizeSa varNana hai acyutarAyake pUjya pitA rAjA nRsiMhakA jinhoMne dakSiNa bhAratakA digvijaya kara apanA prabhutva pratiSThita kiyA / inhIMkI dharmapatnI oMbAmbAke garbhase tirupatike ArAdhyadeva bhagavAn nArAyaNakI kRpAse acyutarAyakA janma haa| rAjyapara abhiSikta honeke bAda rAjAne kAtyAyanIdevIke mandirameM eka sukumArasubhagA varadAmbikA nAmnI rAjakanyAko dekhA aura usIke sAtha rAjAke vivAhake vRttakA vistRta varNana isa campameM kiyA gayA hai| isa laghuvRttako lekhikAne apanI naisargika AlokasAmAnya pratibhAke sahAre khUba hI puSTa tathA vizada kiyA hai| vIrarasa (nasiMhakA varNana) tathA zrRMgArarasakA citraNa bar3I sundaratAse kiyA gayA hai| RtuvarNanabhI camatkArI hai| tirumalAmbAkA yaha campakAvya vizeSa sAhityika mahattva rakhatA hai| isameM padyoMkI apekSA gadyakA hI prAcurya hai| samAsabhUyastva (samAsakI bahulatA), jise alaMkArake AcArya gadyakA jIvAtu mAnate haiM, isameM 1. sampAdaka DaoN0 sUryakAnta mUla aMgrejI anuvAdake sAtha, caukhambhA prakAzana, vArANasI, 1970 / 142 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana-grantha

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sampUrNarUpase vidyamAna hai| varNanakI kalAmeM kaviko lokAtIta sAmarthya prApta hai| acyutarAyake zArIrika saundaryakA, aMga-pratyaMgakA, jitanA AlaMkArika tathA vistRta vivaraNa tirumalAmbAne kiyA hai, utanA zAyada hI kisI strI kavikI lekhanIse prasUta ho / lambe-lambe samAsa, zabdoMkA vipula vinyAsa, navIna arthoM kI kalpanAyeM samasta vizeSatA isa campako mahattvazAlI banA rahI hai| gadyake saundaryakA paricaya to kAvyake adhyayanase hI prApya hai| padyoMkA alaMkAra camatkAra ina uddharaNoMkI sahAyatAse sahaja hI anumeya hai| tAlAbameM snAna karanevAlI rAnIkI upamA meghake bhItara kauMdhanevAlI bijalIke sAtha kitanI upayukta hai mahaH sarovAriSu kelilolA nimajjanonmajjanamAcarantI / balAhakAntaHparidRzyamAnA saudAminIvAjani caJcalAkSI / / (zloka 151) yaha mAlopamA bhI apanI sundaratAke lie zlAghanIya hai dugdhAmburAzilaharIva tuSArabhAnum arthaM navInamanaghA sukverivoktiH| pratyaGmukhasya yaminaH pratibheva bodhaM prAsUta bhAgyamahitaM sutamombamAmbA // (zloka 60) isa kamanIya kalpanAkA saundarya niHsandeha prazaMsAkA pAtra hai| sandhyAkA samaya hai / AkAza bahumUlya nIlamakA kesara bharA bAksa hai| sUrya hI jisakA mANikyakA Dhakkana hai / bAla candramAne apanI capalatAvaza usa Dhakkanako haTA diyA hai jisase kesara sAyaM sandhyAke rUpameM cAroM ora chiTakA huA bikhara gayA hai| sandhyAke svarUpakA bodhaka yaha rUpaka kitanA sundara tathA kitanA navIna nirIkSaNase prasUta hai aravindabandhu-kuruvinda-pidhAne capalena bAlazazinA byapanIte / ghusRNaM viyanmaghavanIlakaraNDAt galitaM yathA ghanamadRzyata sandhyA / (zloka 157) dUsarA aitihAsika campa AnandaraMgavijaya campU aitihAsika dRSTise sAtizaya mahattvazAlI hai| isake praNetA zrInivAsa kavi haiM jinhoMne apane AzrayadAtA AnandaraMga pillaike viSayameM yaha mahanIya campU likhA hai| AnandaraMga pillai (1709-1761 I0) 18vIM zatImeM eka viziSTa rAjanayika, vyApArI tathA pANDiceroke phrAMsIsI gavarnara prasiddha Dupleke bhAratIya kArindA the jinhoMne phrAnsake zAsanako sudRr3ha tathA vistRta banAne meM vizeSa yoga diyA thaa| ye sAhityake bhI upAsaka the| inake dvArA nirmita tathA tamila bhASAmeM nibaddha DAyarI (dainandinI) kA anuvAda madrAsa zAsanakI orase bAraha jildoMmeM prakAzita huA hai / yaha dainandinI pratidinakI ghaTanAoMkA nirdeza karatI hai jo usa kAlakI sAmAjika, Arthika tathA rAjanaitika dazA jAnaneke lie nitAnta upayogI hai| inhIMke jIvanacaritakA ramaNIya varNana zrInivAsa kavine kiyA hai| granthake antameM unhoMne apane pitA gaMgAdharakI prazasti eka padyameM dI hai| AnandaraMgavijaya campU ATha paricchedoM (stavakoM) meM vibhakta hai| isakI racanAkA samaya 4854 1. DaoN. rAghavanake sampAdakatvameM madrAsase prakAzita 1948 / 2 'DAyarI oNpha AnandaraMga pillai ke nAmase 12 jildoMmeM yaha grantha madrAsa zAsana dvArA prakAzita hai (1904-1928) / itihAsa aura purAtattva : 143

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kalivarSa arthAt 1752 IsvI hai| caritanAyakake utkarSakAlakA varNanaparaka yaha kAvya unakI mRtyuse nau sAla pahile nirmita huA thaa| Arambhake stavakoMmeM AnandaraMgake janma, yauvana tathA vivAhakA varNana bar3e vistArake sAtha kavine kiyA hai| isa campUke SaSTha-saptama stavakoMmeM dakSiNa bhAratameM 18vIM zatI meM honevAle kA Tika yuddhoMkA varNana tathA AnandaraMgakA unameM mahanIya yogadAnakA vivaraNa bar3e vistArase kiyA gayA hai| isa varNanameM aneka navIna aitihAsika tathyoMkA udghATana hai jinakI jAnakArI paricita itihAsase nahIM hotii| aMgrejoM tathA phrAnsIsiyoM meM honevAle tatkAlIna itihAsake parijJAna ke lie yaha campU atyanta mahattvapUrNa siddha hotA hai| aitihAsika vRttake varNanake nimitta samucita gadya-padyakA prayoga yahA~ bar3e vivekake sAtha kiyA gayA hai| na lambe-lambe samAsoMkI bharabhAra hai aura na zleSAdi dvArA apracalita zabdoMkA prayoga / bhASApara kavikA adhikAra hai / zailI prasAdamayI hai| naye-naye viSayoMkA bhI samAveza manoraMjaka DhaMgase kiyA gayA hai| AnandaraMgane pANDicerImeM apane lie vizAla vaibhavapUrNa mahala banavAyA thA jisake Upara eka bar3I ghar3I lagA rakhI thii| usa yugake lie nitAnta abhinava isa vastukA varNana kavike zabdoMmeM dekhiye| kitanA vizada tathA AkarSaka hai niyatnaM yatra ghaNTA dhvanati ca bhavane bodhayantI muhuni daivajJAn harSayantI samayamavirataM jJAtukAmAnazeSAn / prAptuM zrIraGgabhUpAt phalamanudinamAgacchatAM bhUsurANAM tat siddhi sUcayantI prakaTayatitarAmadu tAM rAgabhaGgIm / / (anaMgaraMga campU 4 / 22) phrAnsIsI zAsakake lie kavine 'haNarAja' zabdakA prayoga kiyA hai / isa yugameM vidharmI videzI vyApAriyoMke lie 'haNa' zabdakA prayoga hone lagA thaa| veMkaTAdhvarIne bhI apane vizvaguNAdarza campameM isI zabdakA prayoga aMgrejoMke lie kiyA hai / zaradke varNanameM yaha upamA bar3I sAmayika haiAsInnirmalamambaraM mana iva zrIraMganeturmahat tatsampattirivAbhivRddhimagamat kSetreSu zasyAvaliH / haMsAstatra tadAzritA iva janA hRSTA babhUvustarAM __ bhraSTazrIradasIyazatrutativat jAtA mayUrAvaliH / / -5 / 58 isa padyameM RtukA varNana AnandaraMgake prasaMgIya vastuoMke sAtha bar3I sundaratAse sampanna hai| yaddhavarNanameM bar3A jora-zora hai aura navIna tathyoMkA Akalana bhI hai| nijAmaputrake yuddhakA yaha dRzya dekhiye jisameM apanI jAna bacAne meM vyagra yoddhAoMke dvArA parityakta malyavAna AbhaSaNako cANDAla (janaMgama) loga baTora rahe the aura hUNa loga (aMgreja loga) ratnakI poTaliyoMko lUTa rahe the prANatrANaparAyaNArisubhaTatyaktorumUlyasphurad bhUSAnveSijanaMgamaughanibiDakroDaM nirastAtmani / 1. draSTavya bhUmikA bhAga pR0 48-78 jisameM sampAdakane samagra ghaTanAcakrakA vizada varNana prastuta kiyA hai| 144 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana-grantha

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skandhAvAramabhUt kSaNena samare tasminnijAmAtmaje vIre hanta dhanaugharatnapaTalIluNTAkahUNotkaram // AnandaraMga 750 madrAsakA tamila nAma 'cennapaTTana' yA 'cennapurI' hai| isa nAmake rahasyakA udghATana yaha campU karatA hai| madrAsake kileke pAsa hI 'cennakezava'kA mandira thA aura unhIMke nAmapara yaha nagara 'cennakezavapura' kahalAtA thA; usIkA saMkSipta rUpa 'cennapaTTana' hai| isakA nirdeza do bAra isa campameM hai' / phalataH itihAsa tathA sAhitya donoM dRSTiyoMse yaha campa mahattva rakhatA hai / 1. (ka) pradhvastasAdhvasaH cennakezavapurametya, pR0 67 / (kha) AninAya sa puraM navametat cennakezavapurAryakasArtham, pR0 69 / itihAsa aura purAtattva : 145