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________________ samAdhimaraNa jIvana se bhAganA nahIM rajjana kumAra jaina darzana ke anusAra jIvana kA antima lakSya hai AtmA ke satya svarUpa kI prApti / AtmA ke satya svarUpa ko pahacAnane lie sAdhanA kI AvazyakatA hotI hai / AtmA ke svarUpa para par3e karmoM ke AvaraNa ko kSINa karate hue Age bar3hate jAnA sAdhanA kI yAtrA hai / "uvA sagadasAo" meM kahA gayA hai ki vyakti apane zarIra kI paripAlanA sirpha isIlie karatA hai ki vaha usake dharmAnuSThAna meM sahAyaka hai / " yaha nirvivAda satya hai ki na koI sadA yuvA rahatA hai aura na koI amara hai / yuvA vRddhatva ko prApta karatA hai, svastha rugNa ho jAtA hai, sabala durbala ho jAtA hai / roga aura durbalatA ke kAraNa vyakti apanI dhArmika kriyAe~ ( sabhI taraha kI kriyAe~ ) karane meM asamartha ho jAtA hai / isa paristhiti meM mana meM kamajorI A jAtI hai, utsAha kSINa hone lagatA hai, jIvana bhAra svarUpa lagane lagatA hai / aise samaya meM jaina darzana vyakti ko kae mArga darzita karatA hai / vaha mArga hai " samAdhimaraNa" yA " sallekhanA " / samAdhimaraNa meM vyakti zAMtacitta evaM dRr3hatApUrvaka zarIra ke saMrakSaNa kA bhAva chor3a detA / isake lie vaha AhArAdi kA tyAga kara nirvikalpa bhAva se ekAnta aura pavitra sthAna meM Atma cintana karate hue mRtyu ke Ane kA intajAra karatA hai / yahI samAdhimaraNa kahalAtA hai / ise sallekhanA, saMthArA, saMnyAsamaraNa, aMtakriyAmaraNa, mRtyumahotsava ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai / yadyapi kucha logoM ne samAdhimaraNa ko jIvana se bhAgane vAlA vrata batalAyA hai, vastutaH aisA hai nahIM / samAdhimaraNa jIvana se bhAganA nahIM apitu sAhasapUrvaka mRtyu kA sAmanA karanA hai / sallekhanA ke svarUpa para vicAra karane para isa bAta kI satyatA kA bodha ho jAtA hai / prasiddha grantha "ratnakaraMDaka zrAvakAcAra ke anusAra- samAdhimaraNa kA vrata bhayaMkara durbhikSa, akAla, upasarga Adi kI sthiti meM, vRddhAvasthA meM asAdhya roga ho jAne kI sthiti meM dharma kI rakSA ke liye zarIra tyAga kara pUrA kiyA jAtA hai / "rAjavArtika" ke anusAra jarA, roga, indriya va zarIra bala kI hAni tathA SaDAvazyaka kA nAza hone kI sthiti meM samAdhimaraNa kA vrata grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai / 'sAgaradharmAmRta meM 4 1. uvAsagadasAo pR0 54 2. upasarge durbhikSe jarasi rujAyAM ca niSpratikAre / dharmAta vimocana bhAhuH sallekhanA mAryAH // 81 ratnakaraMDa zrAvakAcAra 3. jarA rogendriya hAni bhirAvazyaka parikSaye 7 / 22 rAjavArtika 4. dehAdivaikRtaiH samyagnibhittaizca sunizcate / mRtyuvArAghanAmagnayatendrarena tatpada ||8|10|| sAgaradharmAmRta
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________________ 176 rajjana kumAra bhI kucha aisI hI avasthAoM meM samAdhimaraNa grahaNa karane ke vidhAna kA varNana milatA hai / aisI sunizcita dehAdika vikAroM ke hone para athavA aise kAraNa upasthiti ho jAne para jisase yaha zarIra nahIM Thahara sakatA to samAdhimaraNa vrata grahaNa karane para mokSa yA kaivalya kI prApti hotI hai / samAdhimaraNa kA vrata balapUrvaka yA kisI ke bhaya se nahIM kI jAtI hai yaha vrata sarvadA vyakti, sAdhaka, kSapaka ( muni, vyakti jo samAdhimaraNa grahaNa karatA hai ) ke svataH preraNA para nirbhara hai / vaha nizcaya karatA hai ki samAdhimaraNa kA vrata grahaNa kareM tathA dharma kI rakSA ke liye apane zarIra kA tyAga kare / "sarvArthasiddhi" tathA "rAjavArtika" donoM hI graMthoM meM balapUrvaka samAdhimaraNa karAne kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai / ina graMthoM ke anusAra samAdhimaraNa balAt nahIM karAI jA sakatI hai / prIti ke rahane para hI yaha vrata pUrNa hotA hai / " saMyama kI rakSA nahIM hone para vyakti samAdhimaraNa kA vrata grahaNa karatA hai / lekina sirpha saMyama kI rakSA ke liye hI prANa tyAga karanA samAdhimaraNa nahIM khlaaegaa| saMyama rakSA ke sAtha-sAtha dharma kI rakSA bhI anivArya hai / dharma kI rakSA se tAtparya hai - brahmacarya ke pAlana meM bAdhA, zarIra ke sabhI aMgoM kA kAma nahIM karanA, upasarga, durbhikSa A jAne para bhayaMkara kaSTa honA aura ina kaSToM ko nahIM saha pAnA / isake alAvA aisI sthiti paidA ho jAnA ki prANa rakSA saMbhava na ho| inhIM paristhitiyoM meM saMyama kI rakSA ke liye prANa tyAga kiyA jA sakatA hai| aura yaha prANa tyAga hI samAdhimaraNa khlaaegaa| isI kA samarthana jaina graMthoM aura jaina muniyoM ke dvArA saMbhava hai / samAdhimaraNa vrata grahaNa karane ke pahale kaSAyoM ko kSINa karanA Avazyaka hai / vaSAyoM ko kSINa karane ke liye samAdhimaraNa vrata grahaNa karane vAlA sAdhaka apane zarIra ko kRSa karatA hai / zarIra ko kRSa karane ke prayAsa meM vaha nAnA prakAra ke upAyoM kA prayoga karatA hai / "bhagavatI ArAdhanA ke anusAra sAdhaka sarvaprathama anazana karake tapa karane kA samaya bar3hAkara zarIra ko kRSa karatA hai| vaha eka niyama letA hai aura usI ke anusAra eka dina upavAsa taduparAMta bRtti saMkhyAna Adi anazanoM ko karate hue zarIra ko kRSa karatA hai / sAdhaka nAnA prakAra ke rasa varjita, alpa, rUkSa, AcAmla bhojana apane sAmarthya ke anusAra lekara zarIra ko kRSa karatA hai / agara sAdhaka kI zArIrika zakti abhI kAphI jyAdA rahatI hai to vaha bAraha bhikSu pratimAoM ko svIkAra karake apane zarIra ko kRSa karatA hai / jaina muni zrAvaka, vratI kI dRSTi meM AtmA ( Atmika guNoM ) kA adhika mahattva hai aura zarIra kA kama / zarIra yA bhautika dRSTi ko gauNa aura AdhyAtmika dRSTi ko mukhya upAdeya mAnA jAtA hai / ataH jaina muni upasargAdi saMkaTAvasthAoM meM jo sAdhAraNa janoM ko 1. na kevalimita sevanaM parigRhyate kiM tarhiprItyartho'pi / yasyAdasatyA prauto balAMt sallekhanA kAryaMto // 7 / 22 / 41 sarvArthasiddhi evaM rAjavArtika 7|22|4|550 / 26 2. bhagavatI ArAdhanA gAthA 246-49
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________________ samAdhimaraNa jIvana se bhAganA nahIM 177 vicalita kara dene vAlI hotI hai, se avicalita rahate huye AtmIya guNoM kI rakSA karate hue zarIra kA tyAga kara dete haiM / prasiddha graMtha " sAgAradharmAmRta" meM kahA gayA hai ki zarIra nAza hone para punaH prApta ho sakatA hai lekina Atma-dharma yA AtmIya guNoM kA nAza hone para isakA punaH prApta honA asaMbhava hai / "" ataH AtmA aura anAtmA (zarIra) ke bheda ko samajhakara vyakti ko samAdhimaraNa kA avalambana lekara AtmA se paramAtmA kI ora bar3hanA cAhiye / bhrAntivaza loga samAdhimaraNa ko AtmahatyA mAnate haiM / ise jIvana se bhAgane vAlA vrata batAte haiN| unake anusAra samAdhimaraNa dvArA abhiprAya pUrvaka Ayu kA vinAza kiyA jAtA hai / ataH yaha AtmahatyA hai / isa prakAra kA doSAropaNa samAdhimaraNa ke marma se anabhijJa loga hI karate haiM / ve hiMsA ke lakSaNa ko nahIM jAnate haiM, hiMsA to vahIM hotI hai jahA~ pramAdavaza prANa kA nAza kiyA jAtA hai / "tattvArthavArtika" meM kahA gayA hai- "rAga dveSa, krodhAdika pUrvaka prANoM kA nAza kiye jAne para vaha apaghAta kahalAtA hai / lekina samAdhimaraNa meM na to rAga hai, na dveSa hai aura na hI prANoM ke tyAga kA abhiprAya hai / sAdhaka jIvana aura maraNa donoM ke prati anAzakta rahatA hai / " meM paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI ne 'dharmAmRta' ( sAgara ) kahA hai AtmahatyA rAga-dveSa se yukta hotI hai tathA rAga dveSa se mukta mRtyu ko apaghAta se alaga kahA hai / eka aura vidvAn AtmahatyA ko ahiMsA se jor3ate hue ahiMsA kA lakSaNa batAyA hai / unake anusAra jahA~ rAga dveSa bhAva kI utpatti nahIM hotI hai vahA~ ahiMsA hai tathA rAga-dveSa se yukta bhAva paidA hone para vahA~ hiMsA hotI hai / samAdhimaraNa karane vAlA vyakti rAga dveSa ke nAza ke abhiprAya se evaM vItarAga bhAva pUrvaka apane prANoM kA utsarga karatA hai / ataH yahA~ Atmavadha kA doSa nahIM raha jAtA / jisa prakAra koI vyakti apane ghara meM agni lagate dekhakara yaha jAna jAtA hai ki merA ghara agni ke kAraNa jalane se nahIM baca pAegA aura vaha ghara meM rakhI huI amUlya vastuoM kI rakSA meM tatpara ho jAtA hai / usI prakAra jaba koI vyakti isa tathya se avagata hokara ki aba merA zarIra adhika jIrNa-zIrNa ho cukA hai aura yaha zIghra hI naSTa ho jAne vAlA hai, vaha apanI isa bhautika aura kSaNika zarIra kI ciMtA na karake usa zarIra meM rakhe huye amUlya Atmika guNoM kI rakSA ke lie rAga-dva eSa, mohAdi kA nAza karatA hai / isake alAvA aMtakAla ko amUlya samajhakara samAdhimaraNa kA Azraya lekara cira zAnti ko prApta karatA hai / 1. nAvazya nAzine hiMsyo dharmo dehAya kAmadaH / dehA naSTaH punarlabhyo dharmastvasyanna durlabhaH || 8|7 || sAgaradharmA0 2. tattvArthavArtika bhAga 2, pR0 737 3. dharmAmRta ( sAgAra) paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI pR0 312 4. jainamitra varSa 57, pR0 139 5. dharmAMmRta ( sAgAra) paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI pR0 312
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________________ 178 rajjana kumAra paM0 sukhalAla jI saMghavI ne samAdhimaraNa kI naitikatA ke Upara dhyAna AkRSTa karAyA hai|' unake anusAra jaina dharma laukika yA AdhyAtmika donoM prakAra kI sAmAnya sthitiyoM meM prANAnta karane kA adhikAra nahIM detA hai / lekina jaba zarIra ( laukika ) aura AdhyAtmika sadguNoM meM se kisI eka ko canane kA prazna upasthita ho jAe to deha kA tyAga karake bhI apanI vizuddha AdhyAtmika sthiti ko bacAne kA nirNaya karanA caahie| jaise satI strI dUsarA mArga na dekhakara zarIra nAza ke dvArA bhI apane satItva kI rakSA karatI hai| yadi deha aura saMyama donoM kI samAna bhAva se rakSA ho sake to donoM kI hI rakSA parama kartavya hai, parantu jaba eka kI hI rakSA kA prazna Ae to sAmAnya vyakti zarIra kI rakSA pasanda karegA aura AdhyAtmika saMyama kI upekSA karegA, jabaki samAdhimaraNa kA adhikArI saMyama kI rakSA ko mahattva degaa| jIvana to donoM hI hai-daihika aura AdhyAtmika / AdhyAtmika jIvana jIne ke liye prANAnta yA anazana kI anumati hai| bhayaMkara duSkAla Adi ApattiyoM meM zarIra rakSA ke nimitta se saMyama meM patita hone ke avasara Ae yA anivArya rUpa se prANAnta karane vAlI bImAriyA~ ho jaaeN| isa kAraNa svayaM ko aura dUsaroM ko nirarthaka parezAnI tathA saMyama aura sadguNa kI rakSA saMbhava na ho to mAtra samabhAva kI dRSTi se samAdhimaraNa grahaNa karane kA vidhAna hai| jaina darzana ke isa dRSTikoNa kA samarthana gItA bhI karatI hai| isameM kahA gayA hai ki yadi jIvita rahakara ( AdhyAtmika sadguNoM ke vinAza ke kAraNa ) apakIrti kI sambhAvanA hoM to aise jIvana se maraNa hI zreSTha hai ! kAkA kAlelakara ne bhI samAdhimaraNa kA samarthana kiyA hai|3 "samAdhimaraNa' ko unhoMne 'icchitamaraNa" kahA hai| icchitamaraNa ko naitika dRSTi se, samarthana dete hue unhoMne kahA hai nirAza hokara, kAyara hokara yA Darake mAre zarIra tyAga karanA eka prakAra kI hAra hai, jIvana se bhAganA hai| hama ise jIvanadroha bhI kaha sakate haiM / lekina jaba vyakti yaha socatA hai ki usake jIvana kA prayojana pUrNa huA, jyAdA jIne kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahI taba vaha Atma sAdhanA ke antima rUpa meM agara zarIra tyAga karatA hai to yaha usakA adhikAra hai aura prazaMsanIya bhI hai| samakAlIna vicArakoM meM dharmAnanda kosambI aura mahAtmA gA~dhI ne bhI manuSya ko prANAnta karane ke adhikAra kA samarthana naitika dRSTi se kiyA thaa| gA~dhI jI kA kathana hai ki jaba manuSya pApAcAra kA vega balavattara huA dekhatA hai aura AtmahatyA ( icchitamaraNa ) ke binA apane ko pApa se nahIM bacA sakatA, taba hone vAle pApa se bacane liye use "icchitamaraNa" adhikAra hai| kosambI ne bhI svecchAmaraNa kA samarthana kiyA thA aura usakI bhUmikA meM paM0 sukhalAla jI ne kosambI kI icchA ko bhI abhivyakta kiyA thaa| 1. darzana aura ciMtana khaNDa 2 pR0, 533-34 2. akIrti cApi bhUtAni kathamiSyanti te'NyayAmA / samyAvitasya cAkIrtimaraNAitiricyate / / 2 / 34 / / gItA 3. paramakhasA mRtyu ---tkAkA kAlelakara pR0 43 4. vahI, pR0 41 5. jaina, bauddha tathA gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana bhAga-2 DaoN0 sAgaramala jaina
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________________ samAdhimaraNa jIvana se bhAganA nahIM bhAratIya naitika cintana meM jIne kI kalA ke sAtha-sAtha mRtyu kI kalA para bhI vyApaka carcA huI hai| mRtyu kI kalA ko jIne kI kalA se adhika mahattva diyA gayA hai / jIne kI kalA kI tulanA vidyArthI jIvana ke adhyayana kAla se tathA marane kI kalA kI tulanA parIkSA ke kAla se kI gaI hai| isI kAraNa bhAratIya naitika cintakoM ne maraNa kAla meM adhika sajaga rahane kA nirdeza diyA hai kyoMki yahA~ cUka jAne para pazcAttApa hI hotA hai / mRtyu kA avasara aisA avasara hai jahA~ vyakti apane bhAvI jIvana kA cunAva karatA hai| jaina paramparA meM khaMdaka muni ne apane jIvana kAla meM kitane hI sAdhaka ziSyoM ko mukti dilAI aura svayaM hI aMtima samaya krodha ke kAraNa apanI sAdhanA patha ko bigAr3a liyaa| vaidika paraMparA meM bharata kA kathAnaka bhI yahI batalAtA hai ki itane mahAn sAdhaka kI bhI maraNa belA meM hiraNa para Asakti ke kAraNa pazu yoni meM jAnA pdd'aa|' ___ DA0 phalacandra jaina baraiyA ne bhI samAdhimaraNa kA samarthana kiyA hai| inake anusAra samAdhimaraNa AtmahatyA nahIM AtmarakSA hai| apanI bAta ko Age bar3hAte huye kahate haiM ki jaina muniyoM ne isa zarIra ko kevala hAr3a-mAMsa kA piMjarA na samajhakara darzana, jJAna, cAritra kA divya prakAza puMja mAnA hai| mAnava paryAya ko samasta paryAyoM se mUlyavAn mAnA hai, kyoMki isI paryAya meM duHkha kI aMtima nivRtti ho sakatI hai / ataH isa mahAn durlabha mAnava zarIra ko pAkara isa maraNa ke duHkha se chuTakArA pAyA jA sakatA hai| mRtyu kaba aura kisa samaya A jAe isakA koI nizcita samaya nahIM hai| ataH isa paryAya ko saphala banAne ke lie sarvadA kaThora vrata, tapa Adi kI ora unmukha honA cAhie aura AgamAnusAra samAdhimaraNa vrata kA pAlana karate hue zarIra kA tyAga karanA caahie| bahuta se vicArakoM ne samAdhimaraNa ko AtmahatyA kI koTi meM rakhakara isa para AkSepa lagAe haiN| DaoN0 Izvaracandra jIvanamukta vyakti ke svecchAmaraNa ko AtmahatyA nahIM mAnA hai lekina samAdhimaraNa ko AtmahatyA kI koTi meM rakhakara use anaitika batAyA hai| isa saMbadha meM unhoMne tarka bhI die haiN| unakA pahalA tarka hai ki samAdhimaraNa lene vAlA jaina muni jIvanamukta evaM alaukika zaktiyoM se yukta nahIM hotA hai| apUrNatA kI isa sthiti meM anazana kA jo vrata usake dvArA liyA jAtA hai vaha naitika nahIM ho sakatA / apane tarka ke dUsare bhAga meM samAdhimaraNa meM jo svecchAmRtyu grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai usameM yathArthatA kI apekSA ADambara kA honA batAyA hai|3 DaoN0 sAgaramala jaina samAdhimaraNa kA samarthana karate hue nimna tarka prastuta kie haiM. 4 DaoN0 jaina ke anusAra jIvanamukta evaM alauki vyakti hI samAdhimaraNa kA adhikArI nahIM hai / vastutaH svecchAmaraNa usa vyakti ke lie Avazyaka nahIM hai jo jIvanamukta hai aura jisakI dehAsakti samApta ho gayI hai, varan usa vyakti ke lie jisameM dehAsakti zeSa hai| 1. jaina, bauddha tathA gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana, pR0 443 2. jaina mitra varSa 57, pR0 136 3. pazcimIya AvAra bijJAna kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana pR0 273 4 jaina, bauddha tathA gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana pR0 444-45
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________________ 180 rajjana kumAra kyoMki samAdhimaraNa isI dehAsakti ko samApta karane ke lie hai| samAdhimaraNa eka sAdhanA hai, isIlie yaha jIvanamukta ke lie Avazyaka nahIM hai / jIvanamukta ko to samAdhimaraNa sahaja hI prApta hotA hai| jahA~ taka isa AkSepa kI bAta hai ki samAdhimaraNa meM yathArthatA kI apekSA ADambara hI adhika parilakSita hotA hai, usameM AMzika satyatA avazya ho sakatI hai, lekina isakA saMbaMdha samAdhimaraNa ke siddhAMta se nahIM, varan usake vartamAna meM pracalita vikRta rUpa se hai| lekina isa AdhAra para isake saiddhAMtika mUlya meM koI kamI nahIM AtI hai| yadi vyAvahArika jIvana meM aneka vyakti asatya bolate haiM to kyA usase satya ke mUlya para koI A~ca AtI hai ? vastutaH samAdhimaraNa ke saiddhAMtika mUlya ko asvIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| saMbhavataH AlocakoM dvArA samAdhimaraNa ko anaitika aura jIvana se palAyana karane vAlA vrata kahA gayA hai| yaha samAdhimaraNa aura AtmahatyA ke mUla aMtara ko nahIM samajha pAne ke kAraNa hI hai| AtmahatyA jahA~ bhAvanA se grasita rahatI hai vahIM samAdhimaraNa meM bhAvanA kA koI sthAna nahIM hai| AtmahatyA karane vAlA vyakti apanI icchAoM kI pUrti nahIM hone ke kAraNa prANa-tyAga karatA hai| isa taraha vaha jIvana se palAyana karatA hai| AtmahatyA karane vAle kI koI sImita yogyatA nahIM hotI / ise vRddha, javAna, bacce, strI, puruSa sabhI grahaNa karate haiN| lekina samAdhimaraNa meM sarvaprathama apanI icchAoM, AkAMkSAoM Adi ko sAdhanA, tapa ke dvArA zAMta kiyA jAtA hai / bhAvanA para vijaya prApta kI jAtI hai| isake bAda mRtyu kA saharSa svAgata karate hue use aMgIkAra kara liyA jAtA hai| samAdhimaraNa karane ke lie yogyatA kI bhI AvazyakatA hotI hai| vRddha, asAdhyaroga se grasta tathA anivArya maraNa kI sthiti se pIr3ita vyakti hI samAdhimaraNa grahaNa kara sakatA hai| bacce, javAna, svastha vyakti samAdhimaraNa nahIM grahaNa kara sakate hai| thor3e se meM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki maraNa kI anivArya sthiti meM samAdhimaraNa grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| yaha jIvana se palAyana nahIM hai / vastutaH samAdhimaraNa mRtyu kA sAhasapUrNa evaM anAsakta bhAva se kiyA gayA svAgata hai| vahinaries bI0 ela0-risarca esosieTa c/o pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha-saMsthAna : vArANasI5