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________________ samanvaya kA amogha darzana : anekAnta upAdhyAya zrI amara muni bhagavAn mahAvIra ne jitanI gaharAI ke sAtha ahiMsA aura aparigraha kA vivecana kiyA, anekAnta-darzana ke ciMtana meM bhI ve utane hI gahare utre| anekAnta ko na kevala eka darzana ke rUpa meM, kintu sarvamAnya jIvana dharma ke rUpa meM prastuta karane kA zreya mahAvIra ko hI hai / ahiMsA aura aparigraha ke cintana meM bhI unhoMne anekAnta-dRSTi kA prayoga kiyaa| prayoga hI kyoM, yahAM taka kahA jA sakatA hai ki anekAnta-rahita ahiMsA aura aparigraha bhI mahAvIra ko mAnya nahIM the| Apa zAyada cauMkeMge yaha kaise ? kiMtu vastusthiti yahI hai| cUMki pratyeka vastu, pratyeka sattA, pratyeka sthiti aura pratyeka vicAra anantadharmAtmaka hai| usake vibhinna pahalU yA vibhinna pakSa hote haiN| una pahalUoM aura pakSoM para vicAra kie binA yadi hama kucha nirNaya karate haiM, to yaha usa vastu-tattva ke prati svarUpaghAta hogA, vastuvijJAna ke sAtha anyAya hogA aura svayaM apanI jJAna-cetanA ke sAtha bhI eka dhokhA hogaa| kisI bhI vastu ke tattva-svarUpa para ciMtana karane se pahale hameM apanI dRSTi ko pUrvAgrahoM se mukta, svataMtra aura vyApaka banAnA hogA, usake pratyeka pahalU ko asti, nAsti Adi vibhinna vikalpoM dvArA parakhanA hogA, tabhI hama usake yathArtha svarUpa kA jJAna prApta kara skeNge| ahiMsA aura aparigraha ke viSaya meM bhI yahI bAta hai, isalie maiMne kahA-mahAvIra ke ahiMsA aura aparigraha bhI anekAMtAtmaka the| ahiMsAtmaka anekAMtavAda kA eka udAharaNa liijie| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne sAdhaka ke lie sarvathA hiMsA kA niSedha kiyAsavvAo pANAivAyAo viramaNaM / kisI bhI prakAra kI hiMsA kA samarthana unhoMne nahIM kiyaa| kiMtu janakalyANa kI bhAvanA se kisI udAtta dhyeya kI prApti ke lie tathA vItarAga jIvanacaryA meM bhI kabhI-kabhI paristhitivaza anacAhe bhI jo sUkSma yA sthUla prANighAta ho jAtA hai, usa viSaya meM unhoMne kabhI ekAMta nivRtti kA Agraha nahIM kiyA, apitu vyavahAra meM usa prANihisA ko hiMsA svIkAra karake bhI use nizcaya meM hiMsA kI paridhi se mukta maanaa| unhoMne ahiMsA kI maulika tattva-dRSTi se bAhara dRzyamAn prANivadha ko nahIM, kiMtu rAgadveSAtmaka antarvRti ko-pramattayoga pamAyaM kammamAhaMsu ko hI hiMsA batAyA, karmabandhana kA hetu kahA, yahI unakA ahiMsA ke kSetra meM anekAMtavAdI ciMtana thaa| parigraha aura aparigraha ke viSaya meM bhI mahAvIra bahuta udAra aura spaSTa the / yadyapi jahAM parigraha kI gaNanA kI gaI, vahAM vastra, pAtra, bhojana, bhavana Adi bAhya vastuoM ko, yahAM taka ki zarIra ko bhI parigraha kI parigaNanA meM liyA gayA, kintu jahAM parigraha kA tAttvika pakSa AyA, vahAM unhoMne mUrchA bhAva ke rUpa meM parigraha kI eka svataMtra evaM vyApaka vyAkhyA kii| mahAvIra vastuvAdI nahIM, bhAvavAdI the, ata: unakA aparigraha kA siddhAnta bAhya jar3a-vastuvAda meM kaise ulajha jAtA? unhoMne spaSTa ghoSaNA kI--vastu parigraha nahIM, bhAva (mamatA) hI parigraha hai / mucchA pariggaho mana kI mUrchA, Asakti aura rAgAtmaka vikalpa-yahI parigraha hai, bandhana hai| isI prakAra jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra meM, cintana ke hara nae mor3a para mahAvIra 'hAM' aura 'nA' ke sAtha cle| unakA uttara asti-nAsti ke sAtha apekSApUrvaka hotA thA / ekAnta asti yA ekAnta nAsti jaisA nirapekSa kucha bhI unake tattva-darzana meM na thaa| apane ziSyoM se mahAvIra ne spaSTa kahA thA- "satya ananta hai, virAT hai| koI bhI alpajJAnI satya ko sampUrNa rUpa se jAna nahIM sktaa| jo jAnatA hai vaha bhI usakA kevala eka pahalU hotA hai, eka aMza hotA hai| sarvajJa sarvadarzI, jo satya kA sampUrNa sAkSAtkAra kara letA hai, vaha bhI usa jJAna satya ko vANI dvArA pUrNa rUpa se avikala vyakta nahIM kara sktaa|" isa sthiti meM satya ko saMpUrNa rUpa se jAnane kA aura samagra rUpa se kathana karane kA dAvA kauna kara sakatA hai ? hama jo kucha dekhate haiM, vaha ekapakSIya hotA hai aura jo kucha kathana karate haiM, vaha bhI ekapakSIya hI hai / vastusatya ke sampUrNa svarUpa ko na hama eka sAtha pUrNa rUpa se dekha sakate haiM, na vyakta kara sakate haiM, phira apane darzana ko ekAMta rUpa se pUrNa, yathArtha aura apane kathana ko ekAMta satya karAra dekara dUsaroM ke darzana aura kathana ko asatya jaina darzana mImAMsA 137
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________________ ghoSita karanA, kyA satya ke sAtha anyAya nahIM hai ? isa tathya ko hama eka anya udAharaNa se bhI samajha sakate haiM / eka vizAla evaM uttuMga suramya parvata hai, samajha lIjie himAlaya hai / aneka parvatArohI vibhinna mArgoM se usa para car3hate haiM aura bhinna-bhinna dizAoM kI ora se usake citra lete haiN| koI pUrva se to koI pazcima se, koI uttara se to koI dakSiNa se / yaha to nizcita hai ki vibhinna dizAoM se lie gae citra paraspara eka dUsare se kucha bhinna hI hoMge, phalasvarUpa dekhane meM ve eka dUsare se viparIta hI dikhAI deNge| isa para yadi koI himAlaya kI eka dizA ke citra ko hI sahI batAkara anya dizAoM ke citroM ko jhUThA batAye yA unheM himAlaya ke citra mAnane se hI inkAra kara de, to use Apa kyA kaheMge ? vastutaH sabhI citra ekapakSIya haiN| himAlaya kI ekadezIya praticchavi hI unameM aMkita hai| kintu hama unheM asatya aura avAsta vika to nahIM kaha sakate / saba citroM ko yathAkrama milAie to himAlaya kA eka pUrNa rUpa Apake sAmane upasthita ho jAyegA / khaNDakhaNDa himAlaya eka akhaNDa AkRti le legA aura isake sAtha himAlaya ke dRzyoM kA khaNDa-khaNDa satya eka akhaNDa satya kI anubhUti ko abhivyakti degA | yahI bAta vizva ke samagra satyoM ke sambandha meM hai / koI bhI satya ho, usakI ekapakSIya dRSTi ko lekara anya dRSTikoNoM kA apalApa yA virodha nahIM honA cAhie, kintu una paraspara viruddha pratIta hone vAle dRSTikoNoM ke yathArtha samanvaya kA prayatna honA caahie| dUsaroM ko asatya ghoSita kara svayaM ko hI satya kA ekamAtra ThekedAra batAnA, eka prakAra kA ajJAnapUrNa andha ahaM hai, daMbha hai, chalanA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA hai- sampUrNa satya ko samajhane ke lie satya ke samasta aMgoM kA anAgrahapUrvaka avalokana karo aura phira unakA apekSApUrvaka kathana kro| anekAnta aura svAdvAda bhagavAn mahAvIra kI yaha citana-zailI apekSAvAdI, anekAMtavAdI zailI thI aura unakI kathanazailI syAdvAda yA vibhajyavAdavibhajjavAyaM ca viyAgarejA ke nAma se pracalita huI / anekAnta vastu meM ananta-dharma kI tatvadRSTi rakhatA hai, ataH vaha vastuparaka hotA hai| aura syAdvAda anantadharmAtmaka vastu ke svarUpa kA apekSApradhAna varNana hai, ataH vaha zabdaparaka hotA hai| janasAdhAraNa itanA sUkSma bheda lekara nahIM calatA, ataH vaha donoM ko paryAyavAcI mAna letA hai| vaise donoM meM hI anekAMta kA svara hai / jana-sulabha bhASA meM eka udAharaNa ke dvArA mahAvIra ke anekAMta evaM syAdvAda kA svarUpa isa prakAra samajhA jA sakatA hai - Apa jaba eka kacce Ama ko dekhate haiM, to sahasA kaha uThate haiM-Ama harA hai, usako cakhate haiM to kahate haiM-Ama khaTTA hai| isa kathana meM Ama meM rahe hue anya gaMdha, sparza Adi vartamAna guNa dharmoM kI tathA bhaviSya meM parivartita hone vAle pIta evaM mAdhurya Adi pariNamana-paryAyoM kI sahaja upekSA-sI ho gaI hai, niSedha nahIM, unheM gauNa kara diyA gayA hai aura vartamAna meM jisa varNa evaM rasa kA viziSTa anubhava ho rahA hai, usI kI apekSA se Ama ko harA aura khaTTA kahA gayA hai| Ama ke sambandha meM yaha satya kathana hai, kyoMki usameM anekAMtamUlaka svara hai| kintu yadi koI kahe ki Ama harA hI hai, khaTTA hI hai, to yaha ekAnta AgrahavAdI kathana hogA 'hI' ke prayoga meM vartamAna evaM bhaviSyakAlIna anya guNa-dharmo kA sarvathA niSedha hai, itara satya kA sarvathA apalApa hai, eka hI pratibhAsita AMzika satya kA Agraha hai aura jahAM isa taraha kA Agraha hotA hai| vahAM AMzika satya bhI satya na rahakara asatya kA colA pahana letA hai / isalie mahAvIra ne pratibhAsita satya ko svIkRti dekara bhI, anya satyAMzoM ko lakSya meM rakhate hue Agraha kA nahIM, anAgraha kA udAra dRSTikoNa hI diyA / loka-jIvana ke vyavahAra kSetra meM bhI hama 'hI' kA prayoga karake nahIM, kintu 'bhI' kA prayoga karake hI adhika saphala aura saMtulita raha sakate haiM / kalpanA karie, Apake pAsa eka praur3ha vyakti khar3A hai, tabhI koI eka yuvaka AtA hai aura use pUchatA hai "bhaiyA ! kidhara jA rahe ho ?" dUsare hI kSaNa eka bAlaka daur3A-daur3A AtA hai aura pukAratA hai- "pitAjI ! mere lie miThAI lAnA / " tabhI koI vRddha puruSa udhara A jAtA hai aura vaha usa praur3ha vyakti ko pUchatA hai- "beTA ! isa dhUpa meM kahAM cale?" isa prakAra anya bhI aneka vyakti Ate haiM, aura koI use cAcA kahatA hai, koI mAmA, koI mitra aura koI bhatIjA / Apa Azcarya meM to nahIM par3eMge ! yaha kyA bAta hai ? eka hI vyakti kisI kA bhAI hai, kisI kA bhatIjA hai, kisI kA beTA hai aura kisI kA bApa hai| bApa hai to beTA kaise ? aura beTA hai to bApa kaise ? isI prakAra cAcA aura bhatIjA bhI eka hI vyakti eka sAtha kaise ho sakatA hai ? ye saba rizte-nAte paraspara virodhI haiM, aura do virodhI tatva eka meM kaise ghaTita ho sakate haiM ? ukta zaMkA evaM bhrama kA samAdhAna apekSAvAda meM hai| apekSAvAda vastu ko vibhinna apekSAoM, dRSTi- binduoM se dekhatA hai| isake lie vaha 'hI' kA nahIM, 'bhI' kA prayoga karatA hai / jo beTA hai, vaha sirpha kisI kA beTA hI nahIM, kisI kA bApa bhI hai| vaha sirpha kisI kA cAcA hI nahIM, kisI kA bhatIjA bhI hai| yahI bAta 'mAmA' Adi ke sambandha meM hai / yadi hama 'hI' ko hI pakar3a kara baiTha jAeMge to satya kI rakSA nahIM kara skeNge| ekAnta 'hI' kA prayoga apane se bhinna samasta satyoM ko jhuThalA detA hai, jabaki 'bhI' kA prayoga apane dvArA prastuta satya ko abhivyakti detA huA bhI dUsare 138 AcArya ratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha
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________________ satyoM ko bhI bagala meM mUka evaM gauNa svIkRti diye rahatA hai| ataH kisI eka pakSa evaM eka satyAMza ke prati ekAnta andha Agraha na rakhakara . udAratApUrvaka anya pakSoM evaM satyAMzoM ko bhI socanA-samajhanA aura apekSApUrvaka unheM svIkAra karanA, yahI hai mahAvIra kA anekaaNtdrshn| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA-kisI eka pakSa kI sattA svIkAra bhale hI karo, kintu usake virodhI jaise pratibhAsita hone vAle (sarvathA virodhI nahIM) dUsare pakSa kI bhI jo sattA hai, use jhuThalAo mata / vipakSI satya ko bhI jIne do, cUMki deza-kAla ke parivartana ke sAtha Aja kA pracchanna satyAMza kala prakaTa ho sakatA hai, usakI sattA, usakA astitva vyApaka evaM upAdeya bana sakatA hai-ataH hameM donoM satyoM ke prati jAgarUka rahanA hai, vyakta satya ko svIkAra karanA hai, sAtha hI avyakta satya ko bhii| hAM, deza, kAla, vyakti evaM sthiti ke anusAra usakI kathaMcit gauNatA, sAmayika upekSA kI jA sakatI hai, kintu sarvathA niSedha nhiiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra kA yaha dArzanika ciMtana, sirpha darzana aura dharma ke kSetra meM hI nahIM, kiMtu saMpUrNa jIvana ko sparza karane vAlA ciMtana hai / isI anekAMtadarzana ke AdhAra para hama garIboM ko, durbaloM ko aura alpasaMkhyakoM ko nyAya de sakate haiM, unake astitva ko svIkAra kara unheM bhI vikasita hone kA avasara de sakate haiN| Aja vibhinna vargoM meM, rASTra-jAti-dharmoM meM jo vigraha, kalaha evaM saMgharSa haiM, usakA mUla kAraNa bhI eka dUsare ke dRSTikoNa ko na samajhanA hai, vaiyaktika Agraha evaM haTha hai| anekAnta hI ina saba meM samanvaya sthApita kara sakatA hai| anekAnta saMkucita evaM anudAra dRSTi ko vizAla banAtA hai, udAra banAtA hai aura vizAlatA, udAratA hI paraspara sauhArda, sahayoga, sadbhAvanA evaM samanvaya kA mUla-prANa hai| anekAMtavAda vastutaH mAnava kA jIvana-dharma hai, samagra mAnava-jAti kA jIvana-darzana hai| Aja ke yuga meM isakI aura bhI AvazyakatA hai| samAnatA aura sahaastitva kA siddhAnta anekAMta ke binA cala hI nahIM skegaa| udAratA aura sahayoga kI bhAvanA tabhI balavatI hogI, jaba hamArA citana anekAMtavAdI hogaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke vyApaka citana kI yaha samanvayAtmaka dena-dhArmika aura sAmAjika jagat meM, bAhya aura antarjIvana meM sadA-sarvadA ke lie eka adbhuta dena mAnI jA sakatI hai| astu, hama anekAnta ko samagra mAnavatA ke sahaja vikAsa kI, vizva-janamaMgala kI dhurI bhI kaha sakate haiN| jai jiNamayaM pavaMjaha tA mA vavahAraNicchaye muaha / ekeNa viNA chijjai titthaM aNNeNa puNa tacca / / caraNakaraNappahANA sasamaya prmtvmukkvaavaaraa| caraNakaraNaM sasAraM NicchayasuddhaM Na jANaMti / / Nicchaya mAlaMbatA Nicchayado NicchayaM ajANatA / NAsiti caraNakaraNaM vAhirakaraNAlasA keI // AcAryoM ne kahA hai- yadi tuma jinamata ko cAhate ho, to vyavahAra aura nizcaya meM se kisI bhI naya ko mata chodd'o| vyavahAra ke binA tIrtha kA tathA nizcaya ke binA tattva kA lopa ho jAtA hai| yaha na mAnakara jo vyakti kevala bAhya-caritra ko pradhAna mAnatA hai, vaha vAstava meM AtmakalyANa ke vyApAra se rahita hai| aisA vyakti caraNa-kriyA ko hI Atma-siddhi kA sAra samajha letA hai| isI prakAra jo kevala nizcayanaya kA hI avalambana lene vAlA hai yaha nizcaya hai ki vaha nizcayanaya ko nahIM smjhtaa| aisA vyakti svayaM bAhya-cAritra meM AlasI ho jAtA hai aura cAritra-dharma ko naSTa kara detA hai| bhAva yaha hai ki nizcayahIna-vyavahAra nirAdhAra hai aura vyavahArahIna-nizcaya avAstavika hai arthAt sahI dRSTikoNa apanAne ke lie vyavahAra aura nizcaya-ina donoM dRSTiyoM meM santulana rakhanA Avazyaka hai| (AcAryaratna dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja kRta upadezasArasaMgraha, bhAga-6, dillI, vIrani0 saM0 2460 se uddhRta) jaina darzana mImAMsA