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________________ samAja-sudhAra kI svarNima-rekhAe~ samAja ke sudhAra ke lie, usake utthAna ke lie hama meM sAmUhika cetanA kA honA nihAyata jarUrI hai| vyakti evaM apane parivAra ke bahuta choTe-se sImita dAyare meM socane kI dhAraNA hameM badala denI cAhie aura sAmAjika rUpa meM socane kI pravRtti apane antar meM jAgRta karanI caahie| dharma aura mokSa kA mArga isI pravRtti meM sannihita hai| maiM samajhatA hU~ ki dharma aura mokSa kA mArga isase bhinna nahIM hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apanI ukta bhAvanA isI rUpa meM vyakta kI hai-- "savvabhUyappabhUyassa, samma bhUyAI paaso| pihinAsavassa daMtassa, pAva-kammaM na baMdhai // " --dazavakAlika, 4, 6. pApa aura usase mukti : eka vAra bhagavAn mahAvIra se yaha prazna pUchA gayA ki--"jIvana meM paga-paga para pApahI-pApa dIkhatA hai| jIvana kA samasta kSetra pApoM se ghirA hayA hai| aura, jo dharmAtmA bananA cAhatA hai, use pApoM se bacanA hogA, kintu pApoM se bacAva kaise ho sakatA hai ?" bhagavAn mahAvIra ne samAdhAna diyA--"pahale yaha dekha lo ki tuma saMsAra ke prANiyoM ke sAtha ekarasa ho cuke ho yA nahIM ? tumhArI sadbhAvanA unake sAtha ekarUpa ho cukI hai yA nahIM ? tumhArI A~khoM meM una sabake prati prema basa rahA hai yA nahIM? yadi tuma unake prati ekarUpatA lekara cala rahe ho, saMsAra ke prANimAtra ko samabhAva kI dRSTi se dekha rahe ho, unake sukha-duHkha ko apanA sukha-duHkha samajha rahe ho, to tumheM pApa-karma kabhI bhI nahIM bA~dha paaeNge| ahiMsA-bhAvanA kA vikAsa : ahiMsAmaya jIvana ke vikAsa kA bhI eka krama hai| kucha apavAdoM ko alaga kara diyA jAe, to sAdhAraNatayA usa krama se hI ahiMsAtmaka bhAvanA kA yathocita vikAsa hotA hai| mUla rUpa meM manuSya apane Apa meM hI ghirA rahatA hai, apane zarIra ke moha ko lekara usI meM ba~dhA rahatA hai| yadi manuSya meM kucha vikAsa krAnti AI bhI, to vaha apane parivAra ko mahattva denA zurU kara detA hai| taba vaha apane kSudra sukha-duHkha se bAhara nikala kara mAtA, pitA, patnI aura santAna Adi ke pAlana-poSaNa ke kAma meM laga jAtA hai| paristhiti vizeSa meM bhale hI vaha svayaM bhUkhA raha jAe, kintu parivAra ko bhUkhA nahIM rahane detaa| khuda pyAsA rahakara bhI parivAra ko pAnI pilAne ke lie sadA taiyAra rahatA hai| svayaM bImAra rahatA hai, kintu mAtA, pitA, aura santAna ke lie vaha avazya auSadhiyA~ juTAtA hai| isa rUpa meM usakI sahAnubhUti, AtmIyatA aura saMvedanA vyakti ke kSudra ghere ko pAra karake apane kuTumba meM vikAsa pAtI hai| isa rUpa meM usakI ahiMsA kI vRtti Age bar3hatI hai aura vaha samyak rUpa se vikasita hone kI pora gatizIla hotA hai| samAja-sudhAra kI svarNima-rekhAeM Jain Education Intemational
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________________ anAsakta sevA : dharma kA AdhAra : ahiMsA kA vikAsa hone para bhI yadi manuSya ko nijI svArtha ghere rakhatA hai, to mAnanA cAhie ki amRta meM jahara milA hai aura usa jahara ko alaga kara denA hI apekSita hai| ataH yadi manuSya apane parivAra ke lie bhI kartavya-buddhi se kAma kara rahA hai, usameM Asakti aura svArtha kA bhAva nahIM rakha rahA hai aura unase sevA lene kI vRtti na rakha kara apanI sevA kA dAna dene kI hI bhAvanA rakhatA hai, baccoM ko ucca zikSaNa de rahA hai, samAja ko sundara aura honahAra yuvaka dene kI taiyArI kara rahA hai, usakI bhAvanA yaha nahIM hai ki bAlaka hoziyAra hokara samaya para merI sevA karegA tathA mere parivAra meM cAra cA~da lagAegA, Apatu vyApaka dRSTi se Asa-pAsa ke samAja, rASTra evaM jagata kI unnati meM yathocita yogadAna karegA--isa rUpa meM yadi mAnava kI ucca bhAvanA kAma kara rahI hai, to Apa isa ucca bhAvanA ko adharma kaise kaheMge? maiM nahIM samajhatA ki vaha adharma hai| moha aura uttaradAyitva : jaina-dharma jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra se moha-kSobha ko dUra karane kI bAta kahatA hai, parantu vaha prApta uttaradAyitva ko yoM hI jhaTaka kara pheMka dene kI bAta kadApi nahIM khtaa| zrAvakoM ke lie bhI yahI bAta hai aura sAdhunoM ke lie bhii| sAdhu apane ziSya ko par3hAtA hai| yadi isa bhAvanA se par3hAtA hai, ki ziSya par3hakara apane jIvana ko ucca banA sake, apanA kalyANa kara sake aura sAtha hI apane saMgha evaM samAja kA bhI kalyANa sAdha sake, to yaha eka sundara bAta hai| yadi isake viparIta svArthamayI bhAvanA ko lekara par3hAtA hai ki mere par3hAne ke pratidAna svarUpa vaha mere lie AhAra-pAnI lA diyA karegA, merI sevA kiyA karegA, to yaha ucita nahIM hai| aisI kSudra-vRtti se aspRSTa raha kara, yadi guru yogya zikSA dvArA apane ziSya ko garu banane kI kalA sikhA rahA hai, to bhagavAna kahate haiM ki vaha garu apane lie mahattvapUrNa nirjarA kA kArya kara rahA hai, apane pApa-karmoM ko khapA rahA hai| yoM to kabhI koI guru apane ziSya ke moha meM phaMsa bhI jAtA hai, kintu jainadharma usa moha se bacane kI bAta karatA hai, uttaradAyitva ko dUra pheMkane kI nhiiN| yahI bAta gRhastha ke viSaya meM bhI samajhanI caahie| moha aura kartavya ke antara ko ThIka taraha samajha lenA caahie| samAja-sudhAra kA sahI dRSTikoNa : Apa jisa samAja meM raha rahe haiM, Apako jo samAja aura rASTra milA hai, usake prati sevA kI ucca bhAvanA Apa apane mana meM saMjo kara rakheM, apane vyaktitva ko samAjamaya aura dezamaya aura anta meM sampUrNa prANimaya banA ddaaleN| Aja de rahe haiM, to kala le leMge, isa prakAra kI andara meM jo saudebAjI kI vRtti hai, svArtha kI vAsanA hai-use nikAla pheMkeM aura phira vizuddha kartavya-bhAvanA se, niHsvArtha bhAvanA se jo kucha bhI kareMge, vaha saba dharma bana jaaegaa| maiM samajhatA hU~, samAja sudhAra ke lie isase bhinna koI dUsarA dRSTikoNa nahIM ho sktaa| samAja sudhAra kA sahI mArga : Apa samAja-sudhAra kI bAta karate haiM, kintu maiM kaha cakA hU~ ki samAja nAma kI koI alaga cIja hI nahIM hai| vyakti aura parivAra mila kara hI samAja kahalAte haiM, ataeva samAja-sudhAra kA artha hai--vyaktiyoM kA aura parivAroM kA sudhAra karanA / pahale vyakti ko sudhAranA aura phira parivAra ko sudhAranA / aura jaba alaga-alaga vyakti tathA parivAra sudhara jAte hai, to phira samAja svayameva sudhara jaaaigaa|' Apa samAja ko sudhAranA cAhate haiM na? bar3I acchI bAta hai| ApakA uddezya prazasta hai aura ApakI bhAvanA stutya hai, kintu yaha batalA dIjie ki Apa samAja ko nIce se pannA samikkhae dhamma 364 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ sudhAranA cAhate haiM yA Upara se ? per3a ko harA-bharA aura sajIva banAne ke lie pattoM para pAnI chir3aka rahe haiM yA jar3a meM pAnI de rahe haiM? agara Apa pattoM para pAnI chir3aka kara per3a ko harA-bharA banAnA cAhate hai, to ApakA uddezya kadApi pUrA hone kA nahIM hai ! Aja taka samAja-sudhAra ke lie jo taiyAriyA~ huI haiM, ve Upara se sudhAra karane kI huI hai, andara se sudhArane kI nhiiN| andara se sudhAra karane kA artha yaha hai ki eka vyakti jo cAhatA hai ki samAja kI burAiyA~ dUra hoM, use sarvaprathama apane vyaktigata jIvana meM se una burAiyoM ko dUra kara denA caahie| use galata vicAroM, mAnyatAoM aura truTipUrNa vyavahAroM se apane Apako bacAnA caahie| yadi vaha vyakti apane vyaktigata jIvana meM una burAiyoM se mukta ho jAtA hai, aura una truTiyoM ko ThukarA detA hai, to ekadina ve parivAra meM se bhI dUra ho jAe~gI aura phala-svarUpa samAja apane Apa sudhara jaaegaa| samAja sudhAra kI bAdhAe~: ___isake viparIta yadi koI sAmAjika burAiyoM ko dUra karane kI bAta karatA hai, samAja kI rUr3hiyoM ko samAja ke lie rAhu ke samAna samajhatA hai, aura unase mukti meM hI samAja kA kalyANa mAnatA hai, kintu una burAiyoM aura rUr3hiyoM ko na svayaM ThukarAtA hai, ThukarAne kI himmata bhI nahIM karatA hai, to isa prakAra kI durbalatA se samAja kA kalyANa kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai| yaha durbala-bhAvanA samAja-sudhAra ke mArga kA sabase bar3A ror3A hai| koI bhI sudhAra ho, usakA prAraMbha saba se pahale svayaM apane se hI karanA cAhie / samAja sudhAra aura roti-rivAja : Apake yahA~ vivAha Adi sambandhI jo aneka rItiyA~ prAja' pracalita haiM, ve kisI jamAne meM soca-vicAra kara hI calAI gaI thiiN| aura jaba ve calAI gaI hoMgI, usase pahale saMbhavataH ve pracalita na bhI rahI ho| saMbhava hai, Aja jina rIti-rivAjoM se Apa cipaTe hue haiM, ve jaba pracalita kie gae hoMge, to tatkAlIna purAtana manovRtti ke logoM ne nayI cIja samajha kara unakA virodha hI kiyA ho, aura unheM amAnya bhI kara diyA ho| kintu tatkAlIna samAja ke dUradRSTi nAyakoM ne sAhasa karake unheM apanA liyA ho aura phira ve hI rIti-rivAja dhIre-dhIre sarvamAnya ho gae hoN| spaSTa hai, usa samaya inakI bar3I upayogitA rahI hogii| parantu idhara-udhara ke samparka meM Ane para dhIre-dhIre una rIti-rivAjoM meM bahuta-kucha vikRtiyA~ A gii| samaya badalane para paristhitiyoM meM bhArI ulaTa-phera ho gyaa| mukhyatayA ina do kAraNoM se hI usa samaya ke upayogI-rIti-rivAja Aja ke samAja ke lie anupayogI ho gae haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki una rIti-rivAjoM kA jo hAra kisI samaya samAja ke lie alaMkAra thA, vaha Aja ber3I bana gayA hai| ina ber3iyoM se jakar3A huA samAja unase mukta hone ko Aja chaTapaTA rahA hai| aura jaba kabhI unameM parivartana karane kI bAta AtI hai, to loga kahate haiM ki pahale samAja use mAnya karale, phira hama bhI mAna leMge, samAja nirNaya karake apanA le, to hama bhI apanA leNge| yaha kadApi upayukta tathya nahIM hai| isa manaHsthiti se kabhI koI sAmAjika yA dhArmika sudhAra saMbhava hI nahIM hai| pUrvajoM ke prati AsthAH '. Aja jaba samAja-sudhAra kI bAta calatI hai, to kitane hI loga yaha kahate pAe jAte haiM ki hamAre pUrvaja kyA mUrkha the, jinhoMne ye rivAja calAye ? nissandeha apane pUrvajoM ke prati isa prakAra AsthA kA jo bhAva unake andara hai, vaha svAbhAvika hai| kintu aisA kahane vAloM ko apane pUrvajoM ke kAryoM ko bhI bhalI-bhA~ti samajhanA caahie| unheM samajhanA cAhie ki unake pUrvaja unakI taraha sthitipUjaka nahIM the| unhoMne paramparAgata rItirivAjoM meM, apane samaya aura apanI paristhitiyoM ke anusAra sudhAra kie the| unhoMne samAja-sudhAra kI svaNima-rekhAe~ 365 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ sudhAra na kiyA hotA aura unheM jyoM-kA-tyoM akSuNNa banAe rakkhA hotA, to hamAre sAmane ye rivAja hote hI nahIM, jo Aja pracalita haiN| phira to bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke jamAne meM jaisI vivAha-prathA pracalita thI, vaisI-kI-vaisI Aja bhI pracalita hotii| kintu bAta yaha nahIM hai| kAla ke apratihata pravAha meM bahate hue samAja ne, samaya-samaya para saikar3oM parivartana kie| yaha saba parivartana karane vAle pUrvaja loga hI to the| Apake pUrvaja sthitipAlaka nahIM the| ve deza aura kAla ko samajha kara apane rIti-rivAjoM meM parivartana bhI karanA jAnate the aura samaya-samaya para parivartana karate bhI rahate the| isI phalasvarUpa yaha samAja Aja taka TikA huA hai, sAmayika parivartana ke binA samAja Tika nahIM sktaa| pUrvajoM ke prati AsthA kA sahI rUpa : " eka bAta aura vicAraNIya hai ki jo pozAka pUrvapuruSa pahanate the, kyA vahI pozAka Aja Apa pahanate haiM ? pUrvaja jo vyApAra-dhandhA karate the, kyA vahI Apa Aja karate haiM? purakhA loga jahA~ rahate the, kyA vahIM Aja Apa rahate hai? ApakA AhAra-vihAra kyA apane pUrvajoM ke AhAra-vihAra ke samAna hI hai? yadi ina saba bAtoM meM parivartana kara lene para bhI Apa apane pUrvajoM kI avagaNanA nahIM kara rahe hai aura unake prati ApakI AsthA jyoM-kI-tyoM vidyamAna hai, to kyA kAraNa hai ki sAmAjika rIti-rivAjoM meM samayocita parivartana kara lene para vaha AsthA vidyamAna nahIM raha sakatI? maiM to yaha kahanA cAhatA hU~ ki yadi yaha AsthA apane pUrvajoM ke prati saccI AsthA hai, to hameM unake caraNa-cinhoM para cala kara unakA anukaraNa aura anusaraNa karanA cAhie / jaise unhoMne apane samaya meM paristhitiyoM ke anukUla sudhAra karake samAja ko jIvita rakhA aura apanI buddhimattA kA paricaya diyA, usI prakAra Aja hameM bhI paristhitiyoM ke anukUla sudhAra karake, usameM Ae hue vikAroM ko dUra karake, samAja ko nava-jIvana denA cAhie aura apanI buddhimattA kA paricaya denA caahie| aMdha-prazaMsA nahIM: sahI anukaraNa : vaha putra kisa kAma kA hai, jo apane pUrvajoM kI prazaMsA ke pula to bAMdhatA hai, kintu jIvana meM unake acche kAryoM kA anukaraNa nahIM karatA ! sapUta to vaha hai, jo pUrvajoM kI bhA~ti, Age Akara, samAja kI sthiti meM kalyANakArI gatizIla sudhAra lAtA hai aura isa bAta kI paravAha nahIM karatA ki dUsare kauna kyA kahate haiM ? sudhAra karate haiM yA nahIM? yadi pUrvajoM ne kAyaratA nahIM dikhalAI, to Apa aAja kAyaratA kyoM dikhAte haiM ? dhAraNAoM kI paMgutA: Aja saba jagaha yahI prazna vyApta hai| prAya: sabhI yahI socate rahate haiM aura sAre bhArata ko isI manovRtti ne ghera rakhA hai ki-dUsare vastu taiyAra kara deM aura hama usakA upabhoga kara leN| dUsare bhojana taiyAra kara deM aura hama khA liyA kreN| dUsare kapar3e taiyAra kara deM aura hama pahana leN| dUsare sar3aka banA deM aura hama cala liyA kreN| svayaM koI puruSArtha nahIM kara sakate, prayatna nahIM kara sakate aura jIvana ke saMgharSoM se Takkara bhI nahIM le skte| apanA sahayoga dUsaroM ke sAtha na jor3a kara, saba yahI socate haiM ki dUsare pahale kara leM, to phira maiM usakA upayoga kara lUM aura usase lAbha uThA luu| Aja samAja-sudhAra kI bAteM cala rahI haiN| jina bAtoM kA sudhAra karanA hai, ve kisI jamAne meM ThIka rahI hoMgI, kintu aba paristhiti badala gaI hai aura ve bAteM bhI sar3a-gala gaI haiM tathA unake kAraNa samAja varbAda ho rahA hai ata: parivartana upekSita hai| kintu kheda hai, jaba koI sudhAra karane kA prazna prAtA hai, to kahA yaha jAtA hai ki pahale samAja ThIka kara le, to phira maiM ThIka kara laM, samAja rAstA banA de, to maiM calane ko taiyAra huuN| parantu koI bhI Age bar3hakara puruSArtha nahIM karanA cAhatA, sAhasa nahIM dikhAnA caahtaa| 366 pannA samikkhae dhamma Jain Education Intemational
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________________ samAja- sabaka kA kartavya : kAla-pravAha meM bahate - bahate jo rivAja sar3a gala gae haiM, unake prati samAja ko eka prakAra se ciraMtanatA kA moha ho jAtA hai / samAja paramparA ke sar3e-gale zarIra ko bhI chAtI se cipakA kara calanA cAhatA hai / yadi koI cikitsaka una sar3e-gale hissoM ko alaga karanA cAhatA hai, samAja ko roga se mukta karanA cAhatA hai aura aisA karake samAja ke jIvana kI rakSA karanA cAhatA hai, to samAja tilamilA uThatA hai, cikitsaka ko gAliyA~ detA hai aura usakA apamAna karatA hai / kintu usa samaya samAja sevaka kA kyA kartavya hai ? use yaha nahIM socanA cAhie ki maiM jisa samAja kI bhalAI ke lie kAma karatA hU~, vaha samAja merA apamAna karatA hai, to mujhe kyoM isa jhaMjhaTa meM par3anA cAhie ? maiM kyoM Age U~ ? usakA kartavya hai ki vaha prasannatA se apamAna ke viSa ko pIe aura samAja ko maMgala-kalyANa kA amRta pilAe / netRtva kA sahI mArgaH jaba taka manuSya sammAna pAne aura apamAna se bacane kA bhAva nahIM tyAga detA, taba taka vaha samAja utthAna ke patha para agrasara nahIM ho sktaa| aisA manuSya kabhI samAja-sudhAra ke lie netRtva nahIM grahaNa kara sakatA / spaSTa hai ki yadi koI vyakti yaha cAhatA hai ki samAja meM vaha jAgRti aura krAMti lAe, usake purAne DhA~ce ko tor3a kara nayA DhA~cA prastuta kare, to Age Ane ke lie use pahale pahala apamAna kI kar3I coTa sahanI hI pdd'egii| yadi nahIM sahegA, to vaha Age nahIM bar3ha paaegaa| bhArata ke manISiyoM kA kahanA hai, kartavya kSetra meM apamAna ko Age rakho aura sammAna ko pITha pIche -- "apamAnaM puraskRtya mAnaM kRtvA tu pRSThataH" apamAna ko devatA marano : yadi vyakti samAja meM krAnti lAnA cAhatA hai aura samAja meM nava-jIvana paidA karanA cAhatA hai, to vaha apamAna ko devatA mAnakara cale aura yaha samajha le ki jahA~ bhI jAU~gA, mujhe apamAna kA svAgata karanA par3egA / vaha sammAna kI ora se pITha phera le aura samajha le ki sArI jindagI bhara sammAna se mujhe bheMTa nahIM hone vAlI hai / aura yaha bhI ki IsA kI taraha zUlI para car3hanA hogA, phUloM kI seja para baiThanA mere bhAgya meM nahIM badA hai / yadi aisI lahara lekara calegA tabhI vyakti samAja kA sahI rUpa se nirmANa kara sakegA, anyathA nahIM / manuSya TUTI-phUTI cIja ko jaldI sudhAra detA hai, aura jaba usa para raMga-rogana karanA hotA hai, to bhI jaldI kara detA hai aura use sundara rUpa se sajA kara khar3I kara detA hai| dIvAroM para citra banAne hote haiM, to sahaja hI banA lie jAte haiN| eka kalAkAra lakar3I yA patthara kA Tukar3A letA hai aura use kATa-chAMTa kara zIghra mUrti kA rUpa de detA hai / kalAkAra ke antastala meM jo bhI bhAvanA nihita hotI hai, usI ko vaha mUrta rUpa meM pariNata kara detA hai / kyoMki ye saba cIjeM nirjIva haiM, ve kartA kA pratirodha nahIM karatI haiM, kartA kI bhAvanA ke anurUpa banane meM ve koI hicakicAhaTa paidA nahIM karatI haiM / kintu samAja aisA nahIM hai / vaha nirjIva nahIM hai| use purAnI cIjoM ko pakar3a rakhane kA moha hai, haTha hai / jaba koI bhI samAja sudhAraka use sundara rUpa meM badalane ke lie prayatna karatA hai, to samAja kATha kI taraha cupacApa nahIM raha jAegA ki koI bhI ArI calAtA rahe aura vaha kaTatA rhe| samAja kI ora se virodha hogA aura sudhAraka ko usakA DaTakara sAmanA karanA par3egA / samAja sudhAraka ke antarmana meM yaha vajra sAhasa honA hI cAhie ki loga gAliyAM dete raheM, aura vaha haMsatA rahe / samAja-sudhAra kI svarNima - rekhAe~ 367 .
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________________ samAja sudhAra prema se hI sambhava : sabhA meM baiThakara prastAva pAsa kara lene mAtra se bhI samAja-sudhAra hone vAlA nahIM hai / yadi aisA saMbhava hotA, to kabhI kA ho gayA hotaa| samAja sudhAra ke lie to samAja lar3anA hogA, kintu vaha lar3AI krodha kI nahIM, prema kI lar3AI hogii| DaoNkTara jaba kisI grAmINa prazikSita vyakti ke phor3e kI cIrAphAr3I karatA hai, taba vaha gAliyAM detA hai aura cIrAphAr3I na karAne ke lie apanI sArI zakti kharca kara detA hai, kintu DAkTara usa para krodha nahIM karatA, dayA karatA hai aura muskarA kara apanA kAma karatA jAtA hai / anta meM jaba rogI ko ArAma ho jAtA hai, to vaha apanI gAliyoM ke lie pazcAttApa karatA hai / socatA hai, unhoMne to mere ArAma ke lie kAma kiyA aura maiMne unheM vyartha meM gAliyA~ diiN| yaha merI kaisI nAdAnI thI ! isI prakAra samAja kI kisI bhI burAI ko dUra karane ke lie prayatna kiyA jAegA, to samAja cillAegA aura chaTapaTAegA, kintu samAja-sudhAraka ko samAja ke prati kucha bhI burA bhalA nahIM kahanA hai / use to muskarAte hue, sahaja bhAva se, cupacApa, Age bar3hanA hai aura apamAna ke halAhala viSa ko bhI amRta ke rUpa meM grahaNa karake apanA kAma karate jAnA hai / yadi samAja sudhAraka aisI bhUmikA para yA jAtA hai, to vaha avazya Age bar3ha sakegA, nirdhArita kArya kara sakegA / vizva kI koI zakti nahIM, jo use roka sake / bhagavAn mahAvIra kI krAMti : bhagavAn mahAvIra bar3e krAntikArI the / jaba unakA AvirbhAva huA, taba dhArmika kSetra meM, sAmAjika kSetra meM aura dUsare aneka kSetroM meM bhI anekAneka burAiyA~ ghusI huI thIM / unhoMne apanI sAdhanA paripUrNa karane ke pazcAt dharma aura samAja meM jabardasta krAnti kI / jAti prathA kA virodha : bhagavAn ne jAti-pAMti ke bandhanoM ke viruddha siMhanAda kiyA aura kahA ki manuSya mAtra kI eka hI jAti hai / manuSya manuSya ke bIca koI antara nahIM hai| logoM ne kahA----- yaha naI bAta kaise kaha rahe ho ? hamAre pUrvaja koI mUrkha to nahIM the, jinhoMne vibhinna maryAdA kAyama karake jAtiyoM kA vibhAjana kiyaa| hama Apa kI bAta mAnane ko taiyAra nahIM hai / kintu bhagavAn ne isa cillAhaTa kI paravAha nahIM kI, aura ve kahate rahe "manuSyajA tirekaiva jAtikarmodayodbhavA / " jAti ke rUpa meM samagra manuSya jAti eka hI hai| usake varNoM, jAtiyoM meM Tukar3e nahIM kie jA sakate / usameM janmataH U~ca-nIca kI kalpanA ko koI sthAna nahIM hai / zreSThatA yA hInatA janma para nahIM; acche bure apane karma para AdhArita hai / nArI utthAna kA udghoSa : bhagavAn ne eka aura udbodhana diyA -- tuma loga mahilA samAja ko gulAmoM kI taraha rakha rahe ho, kintu ve bhI samAja kI mahattvapUrNa aMga haiN| unheM bhI samAja meM ucita sthAna milanA caahie| isake binA samAja meM samarasatA nahIM A sakegI / isa para bhI hajAroM loga cillAe / kahane lage-- yaha kahA~ se le Ae apanI DaphalI, apanA rAga ? striyA~ to mAtra sevA ke lie banI haiM, unheM koI bhI U~cA sthAna kaise diyA jA sakatA hai ? kentu bhagavAn ne zAnta-bhAva se janatA ko apanI bAta samajhAI aura apane saMgha meM 368 pannA samikkha dhammaM .
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________________ sAdhviyoM ko vahI sthAna diyA, jo sAdhuoM ko prApta thA aura zrAvikAoM ko bhI usI U~cAI para pahu~cAyA, jisa para zrAvaka AsIna the| bhagavAn ne kisI bhI yogya adhikAra se mahilA jAti ko vaMcita nahIM kiyA-puruSoM ke samAna hI use garimA dI gii| baliprathA kA virodha: yajJa ke nAma para hajAroM pazuoM kA balidAna kiyA jA rahA thaa| pazuoM para ghora atyAcAra ho rahe the, ghora pApa kA rAjya chAyA huA thA aura samAja ke pazudhana kA katlepAma ho rahA thaa| yajJoM meM hiMsA to hotI hI thI, usake kAraNa rASTra kI Arthika sthiti bhI DA~vADola ho rahI thii| bhagavAn ne ina hiMsAtmaka yajJoM kA spaSTa zabdoM meM virodha kiyaa| usa samaya samAja kI bAgaDora brAhmaNoM ke hAtha meM thii| rAjA kSatriya the| aura ve prajA para zAsana karate the, kintu rAjA para bhI zAsana brAhmaNoM kA thaa| isa rUpa meM unheM rAjazakti bhI prApta thI aura prajA ke mAnasa para bhI unakA Adhipatya thaa| vAstava meM brAhmaNoM kA usa samaya bar3A varcasva thA, yajJoM kI badaulata hI hajAroM-lAkhoM brAhmaNoM kA bharaNa-poSaNa ho rahA thaa| aisI sthiti meM, kalpanA kI jA sakatI hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ke yajJavirodhI svara kA kitanA pracaNDa virodha huA hogA! kheda hai ki usa samaya kA koI kramabaddha itihAsa hameM upalabdha nahIM hai, jisase hama samajha sakeM ki yajJoM kA virodha karane ke lie bhagavAna mahAvIra ko kitanA saMgharSa karanA par3A aura kyA-kyA sahana karanA pdd'aa| phira bhI Aja jo sAmagrI upalabdha hai, usake AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki unakA DaTakara virodha kiyA gayA aura khUba burA-bhalA kahA gyaa| purANoM ke adhyayana se vidita hotA hai ki unheM nAstika aura prAsurI prakRti vAlA taka kahA gayA aura aneka tiraskArapUrNa zabda-bANoM kI bheMTa car3hAI gii| una para samAja ke prAdarza ko bhaMga karane kA doSAropaNa taka bhI kiyA gyaa| phaloM kA nahIM, zaloM kA mArga : abhiprAya yaha hai ki apamAna kA upahAra to tIrthaMkaroM ko bhI milA hai| aisI sthiti meM hama aura Apa yadi cAheM ki hameM saba jagaha sammAna hI sammAna mile, to yaha kadApi saMbhava nhiiN| samAja-sudhAraka kA mArga phUloM kA nahIM, zUloM kA mArga hai| use sammAna pAne kI abhilASA tyAga kara apamAna kA AliMgana karane ko taiyAra honA hogA, use prazaMsA kI icchA chor3akara nindA kA jahara pInA hogA, phira bhI zAnta aura sthira bhAva se sudhAra ke patha para anavarata calate rahanA hogaa| samAja-sudhAraka eka krama se clegaa| vaha prAja eka sudhAra karegA, to kala dUsarA sudhAra kregaa| pahale choTe-choTe TIle tor3egA, phira eka dina himAlaya bhI tor3a degaa| jAgati aura sAhasa : isa prakAra, naI jAgRti aura sAhasamayI bhAvanA lekara hI samAja-sudhAra ke patha para agrasara honA par3egA aura apane jIvana ko prazasta banAnA pdd'egaa| yadi aisA na huA, to samAja-sudhAra kI bAta bhale kara lI jAe~, kintu vastutaH samAja kA sudhAra nahIM ho paaegaa| samAja-sudhAra kA mUla-mantra : ziza jaba mA~ ke garbha se janma lekara bhUtala para pahalA paga rakhatA hai, tabhI se samaSTijIvana ke sAtha usakA gaThabandhana prArambha ho jAtA hai| usakA samAjIkaraNa usI uSAkAla se honA prArambha ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra sampUrNa zarIra se alaga kisI avayavavizeSa kA koI mahattva nahIM hotA, usI prakAra vyakti kA bhI samAja se bhinna koI astitva samAja-sudhAra ko svarNima-rekhAe~ 366
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________________ nahIM hotA hai| kintu jisa prakAra samagra zarIra meM kisI avayava-vizeSa kA bhI pUrA-pUrA mahattva hotA hai, vyakti kA bhI usI prakAra samaSTi-jIvana meM mahattva hai| isa prakAra arastu ne ThIka hI kahA hai ki manuSya eka sAmAjika prANI hai|' isa prakAra aMgAMgI-sAvayava siddhAnta ke AdhAra para hama dekhate haiM ki vyakti aura samAja ke bIca anyonyAzraya sambandha hai| ekadUsare kA pUraka hai, eka dUsare kA pariSkAra evaM parivarddhana karane vAlA hai| ataH donoM kA yaha pAvana kartavya ho jAtA hai ki donoM hI paraspara sahayoga, sahAnubhUti evaM samyak saMtulana rakhate hue samaSTi rUpa se mAnava-jIvana kA utthAna kreN| mahAtmA gA~dhI ne isI siddhAnta ke AdhAra para apane sarvodayavAda kI pIThikA kA nirmANa kiyA thA ki--"saboM ke dvArA saboM kA udaya hI sarvodaya hai|" arthAt jaba sabhI ekadUsare ke sAtha milakara, paraspara anurAgabaddha hokara, paraspara saba ke utthAna kA, hita kA ciMtana kareMge tathA tadanurUpa kArya-paddhati apanAeMge, to samAja kA svataH sudhAra ho jaaegaa|" sAmAjika punargaThana athavA punaruddhAra kI jo bAta mahAtmAjI ne calAI, usake mUla meM yahIM bhAvanA nihita thii| sahasrAdhika varSa pUrva mahAn prAcArya samantabhadra ne bhagavAn mahAvIra ke dharmatIrya ko isI vyApaka bhAva meM sarvodaya-tIrtha ke pavitra nAma se abhihita kiyA thA"sarvodayaM tIryamida tavaiva / " tAtparya yaha ki samAja kA sudhAra tabhI sambhava hai, jabaki vyakti-vyakti ke bIca paraspara bandhutva kI utkaTa bhAvanA, kalyANa kA sarasa pravAha hiloreM mAra rahA ho| isI bandhutva bhAva ke AdhAra para duniyA kI tamAma asaMgatiyA~, avyavasthAe~, anItitA, anayatA evaM anAcAritA kA mUlocchedana ho jAegA aura samAja utthAna kI uccatama coTI para car3hakara kalyANa kI vaMzITarane lgegaa| yahI sAre sudhAroM kA kendrabindu hai / bhUtala ko svarga banAne kA yahI eka amogha mantra hai| Aja kI gAliyA~ : kala kA abhinandana : smaraNa rakhie, prAja kA samAja gAliyA~ degA, kintu bhaviSya kA samAja 'samAjanirmAtA' ke rUpa meM Apako sAdara smaraNa kregaa| Aja kA samAja Apake sAmane kA~Te bikheregA, parantu bhaviSya kA samAja zraddhA kI sumana-aMjaliyA~ bheTa kregaa| ataeva Apa bhaviSya kI ora dhyAna rakhakara aura samAja ke vAstavika kalyANa kA vicAra karake, apane mUla kendra ko surakSita rakhate hue, samAja-sudhAra ke punIta kArya meM juTa jAe~, bhaviSya ApakA hai| pannA samikkhae dhamma Jain Education Intemational