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________________ RSibhASita : eka adhyayana * pro0 sAgaramala jaina RSibhASita (isibhAsiyAI) ardhamAgadhI jaina Agama sAhitya kA eka prAcInatama grantha hai / vartamAna meM jaina AgamoM ke vargIkaraNa kI jo paddhati pracalita hai, usameM ise prakIrNaka granthoM ke antargata vargIkRta kiyA jAtA hai / digambara paramparA meM 12 aMga aura 14 aMgabAhya grantha mAne gaye haiM kintu unameM RSibhASita kA ullekha nahIM hai / zvetAmbara jaina paramparA meM sthAnakavAsI aura terApaMthI, jo 32 Agama mAnate haiM, unameM bhI RSibhASita kA ullekha nahIM hai / zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka paramparA meM 11 aMga. 12 upAMga, 6 chedasUtra, 4 mUlasUtra, racUlikAsUtra aura 10 prakIrNaka.aise jo 45 Agama mAne jAte haiM, unameM bhI 10 prakIrNakoM meM hameM kahIM RSibhASita kA nAmollekha nahIM milatA hai / yadyapi nandIsUtra aura pAkSikasUtra meM jo kAtika sUtroM kI gaNanA kI gayI hai unameM RpibhASita kA ullekha hai / ' AcArya umAsvAti ne tattvArthabhASya meM aMga-bAhya granthoM kI jo sUcI dI hai usameM sarvaprathama sAmAyika Adi 6 granthoM kA ullekha hai aura usake pazcAta dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana, dazA (AcAradazA). kalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha aura RSibhASita kA ullekha hai / haribhadra Avazyaniyukti kI vRtti meM eka sthAna para isakA ullekha uttarAdhyayana ke sAtha karate haiN| aura dUsare sthAna para 'devindatyao' nAmaka prakIrNaka ke sAtha / haribhadra ke isa bhrama kA kAraNa yaha ho sakatA hai ki unake sAmane RSibhASita (isibhAsiyAI) ke sAtha-sAtha RSimaNDalastava (isimaNDalatyAu) nAmaka grantha bhI thA, jisakA ullekha AcArAMga-cUrNi meM hai aura unakA uddezya RSibhASita ko uttarAdhyayana ke sAtha aura RSimaNDalastava ko devindatthao' ke sAtha jor3ane kA hogaa| yaha bhI smaraNIya hai ki isimaNDala (RSimaNDala) meM na kevala RpibhASita ke aneka RSiyoM kA ullekha hai, apitu unake isibhAsiyAI meM jo upadeza aura adhyayana hai unakA bhI saMketa hai / isase yaha bhI nizcita hotA hai ki isimaNDala meM to krama aura nAmabheda ke sAtha RSibhASita ke lagabhaga sabhI RSiyoM kA utlekha milatA hai / isimaNDala kA ullekha AcArAMga-cUrNi isiNAmakittaNaM isimaNDalatthau' (pRSTha 384) meM hone se yaha nizcita hI usake pUrva (7vIM zatI ke pUrva) kA grantha hai / vidvAnoM ko isa sambandha meM vizeSa rUpa se cintana karanA cAhie / isimaNDala ke sambandha meM yaha mAnyatA hai ki vaha tapAgaccha ke dharmaghoSasUri kI racanA hai : kintu mujhe yaha dhAraNA bhrAnta pratIta hotI hai. kyoMki ye 14vIM zatI ke AcArya haiM / vastuta: isimaNDala kI bhASA se bhI aisA lagatA hai ki yaha prAcIna grantha hai aura isakA lekhaka RSibhASita kA jJAtA hai / AcArya jinaprabha ne vidhimArgaprapA meM tapa ArAdhanA ke sAtha AgamoM ke svAdhyAya kI jisa vidhi kA varNana kiyA hai, usameM prakIrNakoM meM RSibhASita kA ullekha karake prakIrNaka adhyayanakramavidhi ko samApta kiyA hai / 5 isaprakAra vargIkaraNa kI pracalita paddhati meM RSibhASita kI gaNanA prakIrNaka sUtroM meM kI jAtI hai /
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________________ .204 prAcIna kAla meM jaina paramparA meM ise eka mahattvapUrNa grantha mAnA jAtA thA / Avazyakaniyukti meM bhadrabAhu RSibhASita para bhI niyukti likhane kI pratijJA karate haiM, vartamAna meM yaha niyukti upalabdha nahIM hotI hai / Aja to yaha kahanA bhI kaThina hai ki yaha niyukti likhI bhI gaI thI yA nahIM / yadyapi isimaNDala' jisakA ullekha AcArAMgacUrNi meM hai. isase sambandhita avazya pratIta hotA hai / ina sabase itanA to siddha ho jAtA hai ki RSibhASita eka samaya taka jaina paramparA kA mahattvapUrNa grantha rahA hai / sthAnAMgasUtra meM isakA ullekha praznavyAkaraNadazA ke eka bhAga ke rUpa meM huA hai / samavAyAMgasUtra isake 44 adhyayanoM kA ullekha karatA hai / jaisA ki pUrva meM hama sUcitta kara cuke haiM nandIsUtra, pAkSikasUtra Adi meM isakI gaNanA kAlikasUtroM meM kI gaI hai / Avazyaniyukti ise dharmakathAnuyoga kA grantha kahatI hai (Avazyaka-niyukti haribhadrIya vRtti : pR0 206) 1 RSibhASita kA racanAkAla paha grantha apanI bhASA, chanda-yojanA aura viSayavastu kI dRSTi se ardhamAgadhI jaina Agama granthoM meM atiprAcIna hai / merI dRSTi meM yaha grantha AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha se kiMcit paravartI tathA sUtrakRtAMga, uttarAdhyayana evaM dazavaikAlika jaise pracIna Agama granthoM kI apekSA pUrvavartI siddha hotA hai / merI dRSTi meM isakA vartamAna svarUpa bhI kisI bhI sthiti meM IsavI pUrva tIsarI-cauthI zatAbdI se paravartI siddha nahIM hotA hai / sthAnAMga meM prApta sUcanA ke anusAra yaha grantha prArambha meM praznavyAkaraNadazA kA eka bhAga thA ; sthAnAMga meM praznavyAkaraNadazA kI jo dasa dazAeM varNita haiM, usameM RSibhASita kA bhI ullekha hai| samavAyAMga isake 44 adhyayana hone kI bhI sUcanA detA hai / ata: yaha inakA pUrvavartI to avazya hI hai / sUtrakRtAMga meM nami, bAhuka. rAmaputta. asita devala, dvaipAyana, parAzara Adi RSiyoM kA evaM unakI AcAragata mAnyatAoM kA kiMcita nirdeza hai / inheM tapodhana aura mahApuruSa kahA gayA hai / usameM kahA gayA hai ki pUrva kAlika RSi isa (Arhata pravacana) meM 'sammata' mAne gaye haiM / inhoMne (sacitta) bIja aura pAnI kA sevana karake bhI mokSa prApta kiyA thA / 9 ataH pahalA prazna pahI uThatA hai ki inheM sammAnita rUpa meM jaina paramparA meM sUtrakRtAMga ke pahale kisa grantha meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai ? merI dRSTi meM kevala RSibhASita hI eka aisA grantha hai, jisameM inheM sammAnita rUpa se svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / sUtrakRtAMga kI gAthA kA 'iha-sammatA' zabda svayaM sUtrakRtAMga kI apekSA RSibhASita ke pUrva astitva kI sUcanA detA hai / jJAtavya hai ki sUtrakRtAMga aura RSibhASita dono meM jainetara paramparA ke aneka RSiyoM yathA asita devala, bAhuka Adi kA sammAnita rUpa meM ullekha kiyA gayA hai / yadyapi dono kI bhASA evaM zailI bhI mukhyataH padyAtmaka hI hai, phira bhI bhASA kI dRSTi se vicAra karane para sUtrakRtAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha kI bhASA bhI RSibhASita kI apekSA paravartIkAla kI lagatI hai / kyoMki usakI bhASA mahArASTrI prAkRta ke nikaTa hai. jabaki RSibhASita kI bhASA kucha paravartI parivartana ko chor3akara prAcIna ardhamAgadhI hai / punaH jahA~ sUtrakRtAMga meM itara dArzanika mAnyatAoM kI samAlocanA kI gayI hai vahA~ RSibhASita meM itara paramparA ke RSiyoM kA sammAnita rUpa meM hI ullekha huA hai / yaha sunizcita satya
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________________ 205 hai ki yaha grantha jainadharma evaM saMgha ke suvyavasthita hone ke pUrva likhA gayA thA / isa grantha ke adhyayana se spaSTa rUpa se pratIta hotA hai ki isake racanAkAla taka jaina saMgha meM sAmpradAyika abhiniveza kA pUrNataH abhAva thA / maMkhali gozAlaka aura usakI mAnyatAoM kA ullekha hameM jaina Agama sUtrakRtAMga. bhagavatI11 aura upAsakadazAMga 2 meM tathA bauddha paramparA ke suttanipAta, dIghanikAya ke sAmaJjaphalasutta'3 Adi meM milatA hai / sUtrakRtAMga meM yadyapi spaSTataH maMkhali gozAlaka kA ullekha nahIM hai, kintu usake Ardraka nAmaka adhyayana meM niyativAda kI samAlocanA avazya hai / yadi hama sAmpradAyika abhiniveza ke vikAsa kI dRSTi se vicAra kareM to bhagavatI kA maMkhali gozAlaka vAlA prakaraNa sUtrakRtAMga aura upAsakadazAMga kI apekSA bhI paryApta paravartI siddha hogaa| sUtrakRtAMga, upAsakadazAMga aura pAli-tripiTaka ke aneka grantha maMkhali gozAlaka ke niyativAda ko prastuta karake usakA khaNDana karate haiM / phira bhI jaina Agama granthoM kI apekSA suttanipAta meM makhati gozAlaka kI gaNanA buddha ke samakAlIna cha: tIrthaGkaroM meM karake unake mahattva aura prabhAvazAlI vyaktitva kA varNana avazya kiyA gayA hai14. kintu pAli-viNTika ke prAcInatama grantha suttanipAta kI apekSA bhI RSibhApita meM use arhata RSi kaha kara sammAnita kiyA gayA hai / ata : dhArmika udAratA kI dRSTi se RSibhASita kI racanA pAli tripiTaka kI apekSA bhI prAcIna hai / kyoki kisI bhI dharmasaMgha ke suvyavasthita hone ke pazcAt hI usameM sAmpradAyika abhiniveza kA vikAsa hotA hai / RSibhASita spaSTa rUpa se yaha sUcita karatA hai ki usakI racanA jaina paramparA meM sAmpradAyika abhiniveza Ane ke bahuta pUrva ho cukI thI / kevala AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI jaina Agama granthoM meM dhArmika abhiniveza nyUnAdhika rUpa meM avazya parilakSita hotA hai / ata: RSibhASita kevala AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha ko chor3a zeSa sabhI jainAgamoM se prAcIna siddha hotA hai / bhASA, chanda - yojanA Adi kI dRSTi se bhI yaha AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha aura sUtrakRtAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha ke madhya meM hI siddha hotA hai / bauddha tripiTaka sAhitya meM prAcInatama grantha suttanipAta hai15 kintu usame bhI vaha udAratA nahIM hai jo RSibhASita meM hai / tripiTaka sAhitya meM RSibhASita meM ullekhita kucha RSiyoM yathA nArada 16. asitadevala 7. piMga18. maMkhaliputta'9.saMjaya (velaThThiputta)20. vardhamAna (niggaMTu nAyaputta)21. kummAputtara 2. Adi ke ullekha haiM. kintu ina sabhI ko buddha se nimna hI batAyA gayA hai-dUsare zabdoM meM ve grantha bhI sAmpradAyika abhiniveza se mukta nahIM haiM. ata : yaha unakA bhI pUrvavartI hI hai |Rssibhaassit meM ullekhita aneka gadyAMza aura gAthAyeM bhAva, bhASA aura zabdayojanA kI dRSTi se jaina paramparA ke sUtrakRtAMga. uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAtika aura bauddha paramparA ke suttanipAta, dhammapada Adi prAcIna granthoM meM pAI jAtI haiM / ata : unakI racanA-zailI kI apekSA bhI yaha pUrvavartI hI siddha hotA hai / yadyapi yaha tarka diyA jA sakatA hai ki yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki ye gAdhAe~ evaM vicAra bauddha tripiTaka sAhitya evaM jaina grantha uttarAdhyayana evaM dazavaikAlika se RSibhASitta meM gaye hoM, kintu yaha bAta isalie samucita nahIM hai ki prathama to RSibhASita kI bhASA, chanda-yojanA Adi ina granthoM
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________________ 206 kI apekSA prAcInakAla kI hai aura AcArAMga evaM sUtrakRtAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha tathA suttanipAta ke adhika nikaTa hai / dUsare jahA~ RpibhASita meM ina vicAroM ko anya paramparAoM ke RSiyoM ke sAmAnya siddhAnta ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai. vahA~ bauddha tripiTaka sAhitya aura jaina sAhitya meM inheM apanI paramparA se jor3ane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai / udAharaNa ke rUpa meM AdhyAtmika kRSi kI carcA RSibhASita23 meM do bAra aura suttanipAta24 meM eka bAra huI hai, kintu jahA~ suttanipAta meM buddha kahate haiM ki maiM isaprakAra kI AdhyAtmika kRSi karatA hU~, vahA~ RSibhApita kA RSi kahatA hai ki jo bhI isaprakAra kI kRSi karegA vaha cAhe brAhmaNa ho, kSatriya ho, vaizya ho yA zUdra ho, mukta hogA / ata : RSibhASita AcArAMga prathama zrutaskandha ko chor3akara jaina aura bauddha paramparA ke anya granthoM kI apekSA prAcIna hI siddha hotA hai / bhASA kI dRSTi se vicAra karane para hama yaha bhI pAte haiM ki RSibhASita meM ardhamAgadhI prAkRta kA prAcInatama rUpa bahuta kucha surakSita hai / udAharaNa ke rUpa meM RSibhASita meM AtmA ke lie 'AtA' zabda kA prayoga huA hai, jabaki jaina aMga Agama sAhitya meM bhI attA, appA, AdA, AyA, Adi zabdoM kA prayoga dekhA jAtA hai jo ki paravartI prayoga hai / 'ta' zruti kI bahulatA nizcita rUpa se isa granthako uttarAdhyayana kI apekSApUrvavartI siddha karatI hai, kyoMki uttarAdhyayana kI bhASA meM 'ta' ke lopa kI pravRti dekhI jAtI hai / RSibhASita meM jANati, paritappati, gacchati, vijjati, vati, pavattati Adi rUpoM kA prayoga bahulatA se milatA hai / isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki bhASA aura viSayavastu donoM hI dRSTi se yaha eka pUrvavartI grantha hai| agandhaka kula ke sarpa kA rUpaka hameM uttarAdhyayana25. dazavaikAlika26 aura RSibhASita27 tInoM meM milatA hai / kintu tInoM sthAnoM ke ullekhoM ko dekhane para yaha sSTa rUpa se jJAta ho jAtA hai ki RSibhASita kA yaha ullekha uttarAdhyayana tathA dazavaikAlika kI apekSA atyadhika prAcIna hai kyoMki RSibhASita meM muni ko apane patha se vicalita na hone ke lie isakA mAtra eka rUpaka ke rUpa meM prayoga huA hai, jabaki dazavaikAlika aura uttarAdhyayana meM yaha rUpaka rAjImatI aura rathanemi kI kathA ke sAtha jor3A gayA hai / ___ ata : RSibhASita suttanipAta, uttarAdhyayana aura dazavakAlika kI apekSA prAcIna hai / isaprakAra RSibhASita AcArAMga prathama zrutaskandha kA paravartI aura zeSa sabhI ardhamAgadhI Agama sAhitya kA pUrvavartI grantha hai / isIprakAra pAli tripiTaka ke prAcInatama grantha sutanipAta kI apekSA bhI prAcIna hone se yaha grantha sampUrNa pAli tripiTaka se bhI pUrvavartI jahA~ taka isameM varNita aitihAsika RSiyoM ke ullekhoM ke AdhAra para kAla-nirNaya karane kA prazna hai vahA~ kevala vajjIyaputta ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI RSi mahAvIra aura buddha se yA to pUrvavartI haiM yA unake samakAlika haiM / pAli-tripiTaka ke AdhAra para vajjIyapatta (vAtsIyaputra) bhI buddha ke tadhuvayaska samakAlIna hI hai-ve Ananda ke nikaTa the|
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________________ 207 vajjIputrIya sampradAya bhI buddha ke nirvANa kI prathama zatAbdI meM hI astitva meM A gayA thaa| ata : inakA buddha ke laghuvayaska samakAlIna honA siddha hai / ataeva aitihAsika dRSTi se bhI RSibhASita buddha aura mahAvIra ke nivArNa kI prathama zatAbdI meM hI nirmita ho gayA hogaa| yaha sambhava hai ki isameM bAda meM kucha parivartana huA ho / merI dRSTi meM isake racanAkAla kI pUrva sImA IsA pUrva 5vIM zatAbdI aura antima sImA I0pU0 3zatI ke bIca hI hai / mujhe anta: aura bAhaya sAkSyoM meM koI bhI aisA tattva nahIM milA. jo ise isa kAlAvadhi se paravartI siddha kare / dArzanika vikAsa kI dRSTi se vicAra karane para bhI hama isameM na to jaina siddhAntoM kA aura na bauddha siddhAntoM kA vikasita rUpapAte haiN| isameM mAtra paMcAstikAya aura aSTavidha karma kA nirdeza hai / yaha bhI sambhava hai ki ye avadhAraNAe~ pAzrvApatyoM meM pracalita rahI hoM aura vahIM se mahAvIra kI paramparA meM grahaNa kI gaI hoM / pariSaha, kaSAya Adi kI avadhAraNAe~ to prAcIna hI haiM / RSibhASita ke vAtsIyaputra, mahAkAzyapa, sAriputra Adi bauddha RSiyoM ke upadeza meM bhI kevala bauddha dharma ke prAcIna siddhAnta santativAda, kSaNikavAda Adi hI milate haiM / ata : yaha grantha pAli-tripiTaka se bhI prAcIna hai / RSibhASita kI racanA ke sambandha meM pro0 zudbhiga evaM anya vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki yaha mUlata : pArva kI paramparA meM nirmita huA hogA, kyoMki usa paramparA kA spaSTa prabhAva prathama adhyAya meM dekhA jAtA hai, jahA~ brahmacarya aura aparigraha ko eka sAtha mAnakara use cAturyAma kI vyavasthA ke anurUpa DhAlA gayA hai / 28 puna : pArzva kA vistRta adhyAya bhI usI tathya ko puSTa karatA hai / dUsarA ise pArzva kI paramparA kA mAnane kA eka AdhAra yaha bhI hai ki pArzva kI paramparA apekSAkRta adhika udAra thii| usakI anya parivrAjaka aura zramaNa paramparAoM se AcAra-vyavahAra Adi meM bhI adhika nikaTatA thI / pApityoM ke mahAvIra ke saMgha meM praveza ke sAtha yaha grantha mahAvIra kI paramparA meM AyA aura unakI paramparA meM nirmita dazAoM meM praznavyAkaraNadazA ke eka bhAga ke rUpa meM sammilita kiyA gayA / RSibhASita ke RSiyoM kI paramparA--- __ jaina paramparA ke anusAra ina 45 RSiyoM meM 20 ariSTanemi ke kAla ke, 15 pArva ke kAla ke aura zeSa 10 mahAvIra ke kAla ke mAne gaye haiM / 29 isimaNDala bhI isI tathya kI puSTi karatA hai / yadi hama inake kAla kA yaha vargIkaraNa isa AdhAra para kareM ki prathama 20 ariSTanemi ke kAla ke, usake bAda ke 15 pArzva ke kAla ke aura anta meM 10 mahAvIra ke kAla ke haiM to yaha vargIkaraNa ucita nahIM baiThatA; kyoMki phira 29veM krama meM sthita vardhamAna ko pArzva ke kAla kA aura 40 veM krama para sthita dvaipApana ko mahAvIra ke kAla kA mAnanA hogA / jabaki sthiti isase bhitra hI hai / dvaipAyana ariSTanemi ke kAla ke haiM aura vardhamAna svayaM mahAvIra hI hai| ata: yaha mAnanA samucita nahIM hogA ki jisa krama se RSibhASita meM ina RSiyoM kA ullekha huA hai usa krama se hI ve ariSTanemi, pArzva aura mahAvIra ke kAla meM vibhAjita hote haiM / kauna RSi kisa kAla kA hai ? isake sandarbha meM punarvicAra kI AvazpakatA hai / zubriga ne svayaM bhI isa sambandha meM spaSTa saMketa nahIM kiyA hai / RSibhASita
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________________ 208 ke RpiyoM kI pahacAna kA eka prayatna zubriga ne apanI 'isibhAsiyAI' kI bhUmikA meM kiyA hai / 3deg unake anusAra yAjJavalkya, bAhuka (nata). aruNa, mahAzAlaputra yA AruNi aura uddAlaka spaSTa rUpa se aupaniSadika paramparA ke pratIta hote haiM / isake sAtha hI piMga, RSigiri aura zrIgiri ina tInoM ko brAhmaNa parivrAjaka aura ambaDa ko parivrAjaka kahA gayA hai / isalie ye cAroM bhI brAhmaNa paramparA se sambandhita haiM / yaugandharAyaNa, jinakA ambaDa se saMvAda huA hai, ve bhI brAhmaNa paramparA ke RSi pratIta hote haiM / isIprakAra madhurAyaNa. AryAyaNa, tArAyaNa (nArAyaNa) bhI brAhmaNa paramparA se sambandhita lagate haiM / aMgirasa aura vAriSeNa kRSNa bhI brAhmaNa paramparA se sambandhita mAne jAte haiM / zubiga mahAkAzyapa. sAriputta aura vajjiyaputta ko bauddha paramparA se sambandhita mAnate haiM / unakI yaha mAnyatA merI dRSTi se samucita bhI hai / yadyapi zubriga ne puSpazAlaputra, ketalIputra, vidu. gAthApatiputra taruNa, harigiri, mAtaMga aura vAyu ko pramANa ke abhAva meM kisI paramparA se jor3ane meM asamarthatA vyakta kI hai| yadi hama zubriga ke uparyukta dRSTikoNa ko upalabdha pramANoM ke AdhAra para rakhate haiM to nArada, asita devala, aMgirasa bhAradvAja, yAjJavalkya, uddAlaka, piMga, tArAyaNa ko spaSTa rUpa se vaidika yA aupanipadika paramparA ke RSi mAna sakate haiM / isIprakAra mahAkAzyapa. sAripatta aura vajjIyapatta ko bauddha paramparA kA mAnane meM bhI hameM koI Apatti nahIM hogii| pArzva aura vardhamAna spaSTa rUpa se jaina paramparA ke mAne jA sakate haiM / maMkhaliputra spaSTa rUpa se AjIvaka paramparA ke hai / zeSa nAmoM ke sambandha meM hameM aneka pahaluoM se vicAra karanA hogA / yadyapi puSpazAlaputta, vakkalacIrI, kummAputta, ketatiputta, bhayAli, madhurAyaNa, sauryAyaNa, AryAyaNa, gardabhAli, gAthApatiputta taruNa, vAratraya, Ardraka, vAyu, saMjaya, indranAga, soma, yama, varuNa, vaizramaNa Adi kI aitihAsikatA aura paramparA kA nizcaya karanA kaThina RSibhASita ke RSi pratyekabuddha kyoM ? RSibhASita ke mUlapATha meM ketaliputra ko RSi, ambaDa ko parivrAjaka, piMga, Rpigiri evaM zrI giri ko brAhmaNa (mAhaNa) parivrAjaka arhata RSi, sAriputra ko buddha arhata RSi tathA zeSa sabhI ko arhata RSi ke nAma se sambodhita kiyA gayA / utkaTa (utkala) nAmaka adhyayana meM vaktA ke nAma kA ullekha hI nahIM hai, ata : usake sAtha koI vizeSaNa hone kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA hai / yadyapi RSibhASitta ke anta meM prApta hone vAlI saMgrahaNI gAthA 1 evaM RSimaNDala22 meM ina sabako pratyekabuddha kahA gayA hai tathA yaha bhI ullekha hai ki inameM se bIsa ariSTanemi ke, pandraha pArzvanAtha ke aura zeSa mahAvIra ke zAsana meM hue haiN| kintu, yaha gAthA paravartI hai aura bAda meM jor3I gaI lagatI hai / mUlapATha meM kahIM bhI inakA pratyekavuddha ke rUpa meM ullekha nahIM hai / samavAyAMga meM RSibhASita kI carcA ke prasaMga meM inheM mAtra devaloka se cyuta kahA gayA hai, pratyekabuddha nahIM kahA gayA hai / yadyapi samavAyAMga meM hI praznavyAkaraNa kI viSayavastu kA vivaraNa dete samaya yaha kahA gayA hai ki isameM svasamaya .
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________________ 206 aura parasamaya ke pravaktA pratyekabuddhoM ke vicAroM kA saMkalana hai / cU~ki RSibhASita praznavyAkaraNa kA hI eka bhAga rahA thA / isaprakAra RSibhASita ke RpiyoM ko sarvaprathama samavAyAMga meM parokSarUpa se pratyekabuddha mAna liyA gayA thA / 33 yaha spaSTa hai ki RSibhASita ke adhikAMza RSi jaina paramparA ke nahIM the, ata: unake upadezoM ko mAnya rakhane ke lie unheM pratyekabuddha kahA gayA / jaina aura bauddha donoM paramparAoM meM pratyekabuddha vaha vyakti hai. jo kisI nimitta se svayaM prabuddha hokara ekAkI sAdhanA karate hue jJAna prApta karatA hai, kintu na to vaha svayaM kisI kA ziSya banatA hai aura na kisI ko ziSya banAkara saMgha vyavasthA karatA hai / isaprakAra pratyekabuddha kisI paramparA yA saMgha vyavasthA meM Abaddha nahI hotA hai. phira bhI vaha samAja meM AdaraNIya hotA hai aura usake upadeza prAmANika mAne jAte haiM / RSibhASita aura jainadharma ke siddhAnta RSibhASita kA samagrata : adhyayana hameM isa saMbaMdha meM vicAra karane ko vivaza karatA hai ki kyA RSibhASita meM anya paramparAoM ke RSiyoM dvArA unakI hI apanI mAnyatAoM kA pratipAdana karavAyA gayA hai athavA unake mukha se jaina paramparA kI mAnyatAoM kA pratipAdana karavAyA gayA hai ? prathama dRSTi se dekhane para to aisA bhI lagatA hai ki unake mukha se jaina mAnyatAoM kA pratipAdana huA hai / pro0 zubriga aura unake hI AdhAra para pro0 lallanajI gopAla ne pratyeka RSi ke upadezoM ke pratipAdana ke prArambhika aura antima kathana kI ekarUpatA ke AdhAra para yaha mAna liyA hai ki granthakAra RSiyoM ke upadezoM ke prastutikaraNa meM prAmANika nahIM haiM / usane inake upadezoM ko apane hI DhaMga se prastuta karane kA prayatna kiyA hai / adhikAMza adhyAyoM meM jaina pAribhASika padAvalI yathA-mahAvrata, kaSAya, pariSaha Adi ko dekhakara isa kathana meM satyatA parilakSita hone tagatI hai| udAharaNArtha prathama nArada nAmaka adhyayana meM yadyapi zauca ke cAra lakSaNa batAye gaye haiM. kintu yaha adhyayana jaina paramparA ke cAturyAma kA hI pratipAdana karatA hai / vajjIyaputta nAmaka dvitIya adhyAya meM karma siddhAnta kI avadhAraNA kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / yaha adhyayana jIva ke karmAnugAmI hone kI dhAraNA kA pratipAdana karatA hai, sAtha hI moha ko duHkha kA mUla batAtA hai / yaha spaSTa karatA hai ki jisaprakAra bIja se aMkura aura aMkura se bIja kI paramparA calatI rahatI hai usIprakAra moha se karma aura karma se moha kI paramparA calatI rahatI hai aura moha ke samApta hone para karma-santati ThIka vaise hI samApta hotI hai jaise vRkSa ke mUla ko samApta karane para usake phUla-pattI apane Apa samApta hote haiN| karma siddhAnta kI yaha avadhAraNA RSibhASita ke adhyAya 13, 15, 24 aura 30 meM bhI milatI hai / jaina paramparA meM isase hI milatAjulatA vivaraNa uttarAdhyayana ke battIsaveM adhyayana meM prApta hotA hai / isIprakAra tIsare asita devala nAmaka adhyayana meM hameM jaina paramparA aura vizeSa rUpa se AcArAMga meM upalabdha pApa ko lepa kahane kI carcA mila jAtI hai / isa adhyayana meM hameM pAMca mahAvrata, cAra kaSAya tathA isIprakAra hiMsA se lekara mithyAdarzanazalya taka ke 18 pApoM kA ullekha bhI milatA hai| yaha adhyayana mokSa ke svarUpa kA vivecana bhI karatA hai aura use ziva, atula, amala, avyAghAta, apunarAvartana tathA zAzvata sthAna batAtA hai / mokSa kA aisA hI svarUpa hameM jaina
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________________ 210 Agama-sAhitya meM anyatra bhI milatA hai / pAMca mahAvratoM aura cAra kaSAyoM kA vivaraNa to RSibhApita ke aneka adhyayanoM meM AyA hai / mahAkAzyapa nAmaka 9veM adhyayana meM puNya, pApa tathA saMvara aura nirjarA kI carcA upalabdha hotI hai / isI adhyAya meM kaSAya kA bhI ullekha hai / naveM adhyayana meM karma ke AdAna kI carcA karate hue mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya tathA yoga ko bandhana kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai, jo jaina paramparA ke pUrNataH anurUpa hai / isameM jaina paramparA ke aneka pAribhASika zabda yathA upakrama, baddha , spRSTa, nikAcita, nirjIrNa, siddhi, zaileSI-avasthA, pradezodaya, vipAkodaya Adi pAye jAte haiM / isa adhyayana meM pratipAdita AtmA kI nityAnityatA kI avadhAraNA, siddhAvasthA kA svarUpa evaM karmabandhana aura nirjarA kI prakriyA jaina darzana ke samAna hai / isI taraha aneka adhyayanoM meM dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI avadhAraNA bhI milatI hai / bArahaveM yAjJavalkya nAmaka adhyayana meM jaina paramparA ke anurUpa gocarI ke svarUpa evaM zurdoSaNA kI carcA mila jAtI hai / AtmA apane zubhAzubha karmoM kA kartA aura kRta-karmoM ke phala kA bhoktA hai, yaha bAta bhI pandrahaveM madhurAyana nAmaka adhyayana meM kahI gayI hai / satrahaveM vidura nAmaka adhyayana meM sAvadhayoga. virati aura samabhAva kI carcA hai / unnIsaveM AriyAyaNa nAmaka adhyayana meM Arya jJAna, Arya darzana aura Arya caritra ke rUpa meM prakArAntara se samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana aura samyagcAritra kI hI carcA hai / bAIsavAM adhyayana dharma ke kSetra meM puruSa kI pradhAnatA kI carcA karatA hai tathA nArI kI nindA karatA hai, isakI sUtrakRttAMga ke itthipariNNA' nAmaka adhyayana se samAnatA hai / teIsaveM rAmaputta nAmaka adhyayana meM uttarAdhyayana (28/35) ke samAna hI jJAna ke dvArA jAnane, darzana ke dvArA dekhane, saMyama ke dvArA nigraha karane tathA tapa ke dvArA aSTavidha karma ke vidhUnana kI bAta kahI gayI hai / aSTavidha karma kI yaha carcA kevata jaina paramparA meM hI pAyI jAtI hai / puna : caubIsaveM adhyayana meM bhI mokSa mArga ke rUpameM jJAna, darzana evaM cAritra kI carcA hai ! isI adhyAya me deva, manuSya. tiryajjJa aura nAraka-ina cutargatiyoM kI bhI carcA hai / paccIsaveM ambaDa nAmaka adhyayana meM cAra kaSAya, cAra vikathA, pAMca mahAvrata, tIna gupti, paMca indriya-saMyama, cha: jIvanikApa, sAta bhaya, ATha mada. nau prakAra kA brahmacarya tathA dasa prakAra ke samAdhisthAna kI carcA hai / isaprakAra isa adhyayana meM jaina paramparA meM mAnya aneka avadhAraNAe~ eka sAtha upalabdha ho jAtI haiN| isI adhyayana meM AhAra karane ke cha: kAraNoM kI carcA bhI hai, jo sthAnAMga (sthAna6) Adi meM milatI hai / smaraNa rahe ki yadyapi jainAgamoM meM ambaDa ko parivrAjaka mAnA hai, phira bhI use mahAvIra ke prati zraddhAvAna batAyA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki isameM sarvAdhika jaina avadhAraNae~ upalabdha haiN| RSibhASita ke chabbIsaveM adhyayana meM uttarAdhyayana ke paccIsaveM adhyayana ke samAna hI brAhmaNa ke svarUpa kI carcA hai / isI adhyayana meM kaSAya, nirjarA. chaH jIvanikAya aura sarva prANiyoM ke prati dayA kA bhI ullekha hai / ikatIsaveM pArzva nAmaka adhyayana meM punaH cAturyAma, aSTavidha karmagranthi, cAra gati, paMcAstikAya tathA mokSa sthAna ke svarUpa kA digdarzana hotA hai / isI adhyayana meM jaina paramparA ke samAna jIva ko UrdhvagAmI aura pudagata ko adhogAmI kahA gayA hai. kintu pArzva to jainaparamparA meM mAnya hI haiM ataH isa adhyayana meM jaina avadhAraNAe~ honA Azcaryajanaka nahIM hai /
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________________ 211 aba vidvAnoM kI yaha dhAraNA bhI banI hai ki jainadarzana kA tattvajJAna pApityoM kI hI dena hai / zabriga ne bhI isibhAsiyAiM para pAzvapityoM kA prabhAva mAnA hai / punaH battIsaveM piMga nAmaka adhyayana meM jaina paramparA ke anurUpa cAroM vargoM kI mukti kA bhI pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / cautIsaveM adhyayana meM pariSaha aura upasargoM kI carcA hai / isI adhyayana meM paMca mahAvrata se yukta, kaSAya se rahita, chintrasrota. anAsava bhikSu kI mukti kI bhI carcA hai / puna : paitIsaveM uddAlaka nAmaka adhyayana meM tIna gupti. tIna daNDa tIna zalya, cAra kaSAya cAra vikathA, pAMca samiti, paMcendriya-saMyama, yoga-sandhAna evaM navakoTi parizuddha, dasa doSa se rahita vibhitra kuloM kI parakRta. paranirdiSTa, vigatadhUma. zAstrapariNata bhikSA grahaNa karane kA ullekha hai / isI adhyayana meM saMjJA evaM bAIsa pariSahoM kA bhI ullekha hai / isaprakAra hama dekhate haiM ki RSibhASita meM aneka jaina avadhAraNAe~ upasthita hai| ata: svAbhAvika rUpa se yaha prazna uThatA hai ki kyA jaina AcAryoM ne RSibhASita kA saMkalana karate samaya apanI hI avadhAraNAoM ko ina RSiyoM ke mukha se kahalavA diyA athavA mUlataH ye avadhAraNAe~ ina RpiyoM kI hI thI aura vahA~ se jaina paramparA meM praviSTa huI ? yaha to spaSTa hai ki RpibhASita meM ullekhita RSiyoM meM pArva aura mahAvIra ko chor3akara zeSa anya sabhI yA to svatantra sAdhaka rahe haiM yA anya paramparAoM ke rahe haiM / yadyapi inameM kucha ke ullekha uttarAdhyapana aura sUtrakRtAMga meM bhI haiM / yadi hama isa tathya ko svIkAra karate haiM ki isameM jo vicAra haiM ve una RpiyoM ke nahIM haiM to grantha kI aura granthakartA kI prAmANikatA khaNDita hotI hai, kintu dUsarI ora yaha mAnanA ki ye sabhI avadhAraNAe~ jaina paramparA meM anya paramparAoM se praviSTa huIM : pUrNata : santoSaprada nahIM lagatA hai / ata : sarvaprathama to hama paha parIkSaNa karane kA prayatna kareMge ki RSibhASita meM jina RSiyoM ke upadeza saMkalita haiM ve unake apane hai yA jaina AcAryoM ne apanI bAta ko unake mukha se kahalavAyA hai / RSibhASita meM upadiSTa avadhAraNAoM kI prAmANikatA kA prazna yadyapi RpibhASita ke sabhI RSiyoM ke upadeza aura tatsambandhI sAhitya hameM netara paramparAoM meM upalabdha nahIM hotA, phira bhI inameM se anekoM ke vicAra aura avadhAraNAe~ Aja bhI anya paramparAoM meM upalabdha haiN| yAjJavalkya kA ullekha bhI upaniSadoM meM hai / vajjIyaputta, mahAkAzyapa aura sAriputta ke ullekha bauddha tripiTaka sAhitya meM haiN| isIprakAra vidura, nArAyaNa, asitadevala Adi ke ullekha mahAbhArata evaM hindU paramparA ke anya granthoM meM mila jAte haiM / RSibhASita meM inake jo vicAra ullekhita haiM, unakI tulanA anya srotoM se karane para hama isa niSkarSa para pahu~ca sakate haiM ki RSibhASita meM jina RSiyoM ke jina vicAroM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai unameM kitanI prAmANikatA hai / RSibhASita ke gyArahaveM adhyayana meM maMkhaliputra gozAlaka kA upadeza saMkalita hai / maMkhaliputra gozAlaka ke sambandha meM hameM jaina paramparA meM bhagavatIsUtra aura upAsakadazAMga meM, bauddha paramparA meM dIghanikAya ke sAmaJja mahAphalasutta aura suttanipAta meM evaM hindU.paramparA meM mahAbhArata ke zAntiparva ke 177veM adhyayana meM maMkhI Rpi ke rUpa meM uttekha prApta hotA hai| tInoM hI sota use niyativAda kA samarthaka batAte haiM / yadi hama RSibhASita adhyAya 11 meM varNita
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________________ 212 maMkhali gozAlaka ke upadezoM ko dekhate haiM to yahA~ bhI hameM parokSa rUpa se niyativAda ke saMketa upalabdha hote haiM / isa adhyAya meM kahA gayA hai ki jo padArthoM kI pariNati ko dekhakara kampita hotA hai, vedanA kA anubhava karatA hai, kSobhita hotA hai. Ahata hotA hai, spaMdita hotA hai, calAyamAna hotA hai, prerita hotA hai, vaha tyAgI nahIM hai| isake viparIta jo padArthoM kI pariNati ko dekhakara kampita nahIM hotA hai, kSobhita nahIM hotA hai, duHkhita nahIM hotA hai, vaha tyAgI hai / parokSa rUpa se yaha padArthoM kI pariNati ke sambandha meM niyativAda kA pratipAdana hai / saMsAra kI apanI eka vyavasthA aura gati hai vaha usI ke anusAra cala rahA hai, sAdhaka ko usakA jJAtA-draSTA to honA cAhie kintu draSTA ke rUpa meM usase prabhAvita nahIM honA caahie| niyativAda kI mUlabhUta AdhyAtmika zikSA yahI ho sakatI hai ki hama saMsAra ke ghaTanAkrama meM sAkSI bhAva se raheM / isaprakAra yaha adhyAya gozAlaka ke mUlabhUta AdhyAtmika upadeza ko hI pratibimbita karatA hai / isake viparIta jaina aura bauddha sAhitya meM jo makhali gozAlaka ke siddhAnta kA nirUpaNa hai, vaha vastutaH gozAlaka kI isa AdhyAtmika avadhAraNA se nikAlA gayA eka vikRta dArzanika phalita hai / vastutaH RSibhASita kA racayitA gozAlaka ke siddhAntoM ke prati jitanA prAmANika hai, utane prAmANika tripiTaka aura paravartI jaina AgamoM ke racayitA nahIM haiN| mahAbhArata ke zAntiparva ke 177 veM adhyAya meM maMkhi RSi kA upadeza saMkalita hai isameM eka ora niyativAda kA samarthana hai, kintu dUsarI ora isameM vairAgya kA upadeza bhI hai / isa adhyAya meM mUlataH draSTA bhAva aura saMsAra ke prati anAsakti kA upadeza hai| isameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki saMsAra kI apanI vyavasthA hai / manuSya apane puruSArtha se bhI use apane anusAra nahIM mor3a pAtA hai, ataH vyakti ko draSTA bhAva rakhate hue saMsAra se virakta ho jAnA caahie| mahAbhArata ke isa adhyAya kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki maMkhi RSi ko niyativAda kA samarthaka mAnate hue bhI usa niyativAda ke mAdhyama se unheM vairAgya kI dizA meM prerita batAyA gayA hai / isa AdhAra para RSibhASita meM maMkhaliputra kA upadeza jisa rUpa meM saMkalita milatA hai vaha nizcita hI prAmANika hai / isIprakAra RSibhASita ke naveM adhyAya meM mahAkAzyapa ke aura ar3atIsaveM adhyAya meM sAriputta ke upadeza saMkalita haiM / ye donoM hI bauddha paramparA se sambandhita rahe haiM / yadi hama RSibhASita meM ullikhita inake vicAroM ko dekhate haiM to spaSTa rUpa se isameM hameM bauddhadharma kI avadhAraNA ke mUla tattva parilakSita hote haiM / mahAkAzyapa adhyAya meM sarvaprathama saMsAra kI duHkhamayatA kA citraNa hai / isameM karma ko duHkha kA mUla kahA gayA hai aura karma kA mUta janma ko batAyA gayA hai, jo ki bauddhoM ke pratItyasamutpAda kA hI eka rUpa hai / isI adhyAya meM eka vizeSatA hameM yaha dekhane ko milatI hai ki isameM karma-siddhAnta kA pratipAdana karate hue santAnavAda' kI carcA hai jo ki bauddhoM kA mUlabhUta siddhAnta hai / isa adhyAya meM nirvANa ke svarUpa ko samajhAne ke lie bauddha darzana ke mUlabhUta dIpaka vAle udAharaNa ko prastuta kiyA gayA hai / pUrA adhyAya santAnavAda aura karmasaMskAroM ke mAdhyama se vairAgya kA upadeza pradAna karatA hai / isaprakAra hama yaha kaha sakate hai ki isameM bauddhadharma ke mUla bIja upasthita
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________________ haiM / isIprakAra ar3atIsaveM sAriputta nAmaka adhyAya meM bhI bauddha dharma ke mUla utsa madhyama mArga kA pratipAdana milatA hai / isake sAtha hI buddha ke prajJAvAda kA bhI isameM pratipAdana huA hai| isa adhyAya meM kahA gayA hai ki, manojJa bhojana, manojJa zayanAsana kA sevana karate hue aura manojJa AvAsa meM rahate hue bhikSu sukhapUrvaka dhyAna karatA hai / phira bhI prajJa puruSa ko sAMsArika padArthoM meM Asakta nahIM honA cAhie, yahI buddha kA anuzAsana hai / isaprakAra yaha adhyAya bhI buddha ke upadezoM ko prAmANika rUpa se prastuta karatA hai / I 213 isIprakAra yAjJavalkya nAmaka bArahaveM adhyAya meM bhI hama dekhate haiM ki yAjJavalkya ke mUlabhUta upadezoM kA pratipAdana huA hai| RSibhASita ke atirikta yAjJavalkya kA ullekha hameM upaniSadoM evaM mahAbhArata meM bhI milatA hai / 34 upaniSad meM jahA~ yAjJavalkya maitreyI saMvAda hai vahA~ unakI saMnyAsa kI icchA ko pragaTa kiyA gayA hai| RSibhASita meM bhI yAjJavalkya ke upadeza ke rUpa meM lokaiSaNA aura vittaiSaNA ke tyAga kI bAta kahI gaI hai tathA yaha kahA gayA hai ki jaba taka lokaiSaNA hotI hai taba taka vittaiSaNA hotI hai aura jaba vittaiSaNA hotI hai to lokaiSaNA hotI hai| isalie lokaiSaNA aura vittaiSaNA ke svarUpa ko jAnakara gopatha se jAnA cAhie, mahApatha se nahIM jAnA caahie| vastutaH aisA lagatA hai ki yahA~ nivRttimArga ko gopatha aura pravRttimArga ko mahApatha kahA gayA hai aura yAjJavalkaya nivRtti mArga kA upadeza dete pratIta hote haiM / yahA~ sabase vicAraNIya bAta yaha hai ki bauddhadharma meM jo hInayAna aura mahAyAna kI avadhAraNA kA vikAsa hai, kahIM vaha gopatha aura mahApatha kI avadhAraNA kA vikasita rUpa to nahIM hai ? AcArAMga meM bhI mahAyAna zabda AyA hai| mahAbhArata ke zAntiparva meM bhI adhyAya 310 se lekara 318 taka yAjJavalkya ke upadezoM kA saMkalana hai| isameM mukhya rUpa se sAMkhya aura yoga kI avadhAraNA kA pratipAdana hai| RSibhASita ke isa adhyAya meM muni kI bhikSA-vidhi kI bhI carcA hai jo ki jaina paramparA ke anurUpa hI lagatI hai / phira bhI itanA to kahA hI jA sakatA hai ki RSibhASita ke bIsaveM utkala nAmaka adhyAya ke upadeSTA ke rUpa meM kisI RSi kA ullekha nahIM hai, kintu itanA nizcita hai ki usameM cArvAka ke vicAroM kA pUrI prAmANikatA ke sAtha pratipAdana huA hai| RSibhASita meM vardhamAna kA jo upadeza hai usakI yathArtha praticchAyA AcArAMga ke dvitIya zrutaskandha ke bhAvanA nAmaka adhyayana meM evaM uttarAdhyayana ke battIsaveM adhyAya meM yathAvat rUpa se upalabdha hai / uparyukta AdhAra para hama isa niSkarSa para pahu~ca sakate haiM ki RSibhASita meM RSiyoM ke upadeza ko sAmAnyarUpa se prAmANikatA pUrvaka hI prastuta kiyA gayA hai / yadyapi isameM mukhya rUpa se unake AdhyAtmika aura naitika vicAroM kA hI prastutIkaraNa huA hai aura usake pIche nihita darzana para isameM koI bala nahIM diyA gayA hai| dUsarA yaha bhI satya hai ki unakA prastutIkaraNa yA grantha-racanA jaina paramparA ke AcAryoM dvArA huI hai / ataH yaha svAbhAvika thA ki usameM jaina paramparA meM mAnya kucha avadhAraNAe~ pratibimbita ho gayI hoN| punaH isa vizvAsa ke bhI paryApta AdhAra haiM ki jinheM Aja hama jaina paramparA kI avadhAraNAe~
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________________ 214 kaha rahe haiM, ve mUlataH anya paramparAoM meM pracalita rahI hoM / ataH RSibhASita ke RSiyoM ke upadezoM kI prAmANikatA ko pUrNataH nirasta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| adhika se adhika hama kevala itanA hI kaha sakate haiM ki una para aparokSarUpa se jaina paramparA kA kucha prabhAva A gayA hai| RSibhASita ke RSiyoM kI aitihAsikatA kA prazna -- : yaha eka suspaSTa tathya hai ki RSibhASita meM varNita adhikAMza RSigaNa jaina paramparA se sambandhita nahIM hai / unake kucha ke nAmoM ke Age lage hue brAhmaNa, parivrAjaka Adi zabda hI unakA jaina paramparA se bhitra honA sUcita karatA hai / dUsare deva nArada, asitadevala, aMgirasa bhAradvAja, yAjJavalkya, bAhuka, vidura, vAriSeNa kRSNa dvaipAyana, AruNi. uddAlaka, tArAyaNa, aise nAma haiM jo vaidika paramparA meM suprasiddha rahe haiM aura Aja bhI unake upadeza upaniSadoM, mahAbhArata evaM purANoM meM surakSita haiN| inameM se devanArada, asitadevala. aMgirasa bhAradvAja, dvaipAyana ke ullekha RSibhASita ke atirikta sUtrakRtAMga, aupapAtika aMtakRtadazA Adi jaina granthoM meM tathA bauddha tripiTaka sAhitya meM bhI milate haiN| isIprakAra vajjIyaputta mahAkAzyapa aura sAriputta bauddha paramparA ke suprasiddha vyaktitva haiM aura unakA ullekha tripiTaka sAhitya meM upalabdha hai| maMkhaliputta, rAmaputta, ambaDa, saMjaya (velaTThiputta) Adi aise nAma haiM jo svatantra zramaNa paramparAoM se sambandhita haiM aura inake ullekha jaina aura bauddha paramparAoM meM hameM spaSTa rUpa se milate haiN| RSibhASita ke jina RSiyoM ke ullekha bauddha sAhitya meM hameM milate haiM usa para vistRta carcA pro0 sI0 esa0 upAsaka ne apane lekha 'isi bhAsiyAI eNDa pAli buddhisTa TeksTsa e sTaDI meM kiyA hai| yaha lekha paM0 dalasukhabhAI abhinandana grantha meM prakAzita huA hai| pArzva aura varddhamAna jaina paramparA ke teIsaveM aura caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara ke rUpa meM suspaSTa rUpa se mAnya haiN| Ardraka kA ullekha RSibhASita ke atirikta sUtrakRtAMga meM hai / isake atirikta valkalacIrI kUrmAputra, tetaliputra, bhapAli, indranAga Adi aise nAma haiM jinameM adhikAMza kA ullekha jaina paramparA ke isimaNDala evaM anya granthoM meM mila jAtA hai / valkalacIrI, kUrmAputra Adi kA ullekha bauddha paramparA meM bhI hai| kintu jinakA ullekha jaina aura bauddha paramparA meM anyatra nahIM milatA hai, unheM bhI pUrNatayA kAlpanika vyakti nahIM kaha sakate / yadi hama RSibhASita ke RSiyoM kI sampUrNa sUcI kA avalokana kareM to kevala soma, yama, varuNa, vAyu aura vaizramaNa, aise nAma haiM jinheM kAlpanika kahA jA sakatA hai kyoMki jaina, bauddha aura vaidika tInoM hI paramparAe~ inheM sAmAnyatayA lokapAla ke rUpa meM hI svIkAra karatI haiM kintu inameM bhI mahAbhArata meM vAyu kA ullekha eka RSi ke rUpa meM milatA hai / yama ko Avazyaka cUrNi meM yamadagni RSi kA pitA kahA gayA hai| ataH isa sambhAvanA ko pUrI taraha nirasta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ki yama koI RSi rahe hoN| yadyapi upaniSadoM meM bhI yama ko lokapAla ke rUpa citrita kiyA gayA hai kintu itanA to nizcita hai ki ye eka upadeSTA haiN| yama aura naciketA kA saMvAda aupaniSadika paramparA meM suprasiddha hai / varuNa aura vaibhramaNa ko bhI vaidika paramparA meM maMtropadeSTA ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| yaha sambhava hai ki soma, yama, varuNa aura vaizramaNa
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________________ isa grantha ke racanAkAla taka eka upadeSTA ke rUpa meM loka paramparA meM mAnya rahe hoM aura isI AdhAra para inake upadezoM kA saMkalana RSibhASita meM kara liyA gayA hai / uparyukta carcA ke AdhAra para hama yaha avazya kaha sakate haiM ki RSibhASita ke RSiyoM meM uparyukta cAra pA~ca nAmoM ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI prAgaitihAsika kAla ke yathArtha vyakti haiM, kAlpanika caritra nahIM haiM / niSkarSa rUpa meM hama itanA hI kahanA cAheMge ki RSibhASita na kevala jaina paramparA kI apitu samagra bhAratIya paramparA kI eka amUlya nidhi hai aura isameM bhAratIya cetanA kI dhArmika udAratA apane yathArtha rUpa meM pratibimbita hotI hai / aitihAsika dRSTi se bhI isakA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai, kyoMki yaha hameM adhikAMza jJAta aura kucha ajJAta RSiyoM ke sambandha meM mahattvapUrNa evaM prAmANika sUcanAe~ detA hai| jainAcAryoM ne isa nidhi ko surakSita rakhakara bhAratIya itihAsa evaM saMskRti kI bahumUlya sevA kI hai| vastutaH yaha prakIrNaka grantha IsA pUrva 10 vIM zatI se lekara IsA pUrva 6 ThIM zatI taka ke aneka bhAratIya RSiyoM kI aitihAsika sattA kA nirvivAda pramANa hai / 3. 4. sandarbha - sUcI (a) se kiM kAliyaM ? kAliyaM aNegavihaM paNNattaM / taM jahA uttarAjjhayaNAI dasAo 2. kappo 3. vavahAro 4. nisIha 5 mahAnisIha 6, isibhAsiyoiM 7. jaMbuddIpaNNattI 8, dIvasAgarapaNNattI 9 / 1. -- nandisUtra : prakA0 mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI, 1968. sUtra 84 (ba) namo tesiM khamAsamaNANaM jehiM imaM vAiaM aMgabAhiraM kAliaM bhagavaMtaM / taM jahA -- 1. uttarAjjhayaNAI, 2. dasAo, 3. kappo, 4. vavahAro, 5. isibhAsiAI, 6. nisIha, 7. mhaanisiih........| - pAkSikasUtra : prakA0 devacanda lAlabhAI pustakoddhAra phaNDa, sIrija 99. pR0 79 aMgabAhyamanekavidham / tadyathA - sAmAyikaM, caturviMzatistavaH, vandanaM pratikramaNaM, kAyavyutsargaH pratyAkhyAnaM, dazavaikAlikaM uttarAdhyAyAH, dazAH kalpavyavahArau, nizIthaM, RSibhAzitAnItyevamAdi / - tattvArthAdhigamasUtram (svopajJabhASya ) prakA0 devacanda lAlabhAI pustakoddhAra phaNDa, sIrija 57, sUtra 1/ 20 tathA RSibhASitAni uttarAdhyayanAdIni....... 255 -- Avazyaka niyuktiH haribhadrIyavRtti pR0 206 RSibhASitAnAM ca devendrastavAdInAM niyukti / - Avazayaka niyukti haribhadrIya vRtti0 pR0 41
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________________ 216 isibhAsiyAiM paNayAlIsaM ajjhayaNAI kAliyAI, tesu diNa 45 nibiehiM aNAgADhajogo / aNNe bhaNaMti uttarAjjhayaNesu ceva eyAiM aMtabbhavati / -vidhimArgaprapA, pR0 58 devidatthayamAI paiNNagA hoti igiganivieNa / isibhAsiya ajjhayaNA AyaMbilakAlatigasajjhA // 61 / / kesiM ci mae aMtabbhavaMti eyAiM uttarAjjhayaNe / paNayAlIsa diNehi kesiM vi jogo aNAgADho / / 2 / / -vidhimArgaprapA, pR0 62 6. (a) kAliyasuyaM ca isibhAsiyAI tAio ya sUrapaNNattI / savvo ya diTThivAo cautthao hoI aNuogo / / 124 / / (mU0 bhA0) tathA RSibhASitAni uttarAdhyayanAdIni 'tRtIyazca' kAlAnuyogaH, --Avazyaka haribhadrIya vRtti, pR0 206 (ba) Avassagassa dasavekAliassa taha uttarAjjhamApAre / sUyagaDe nijjutiM vucchAmi tahA dasANaM ca / / kappassa ya nijjutiM vavahArasseva prmnniunnss| sUriapaNNattIe vucchaM isibhAsiANaM ca / / -Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 84-85 paNhavAgaraNadasANaM dasa ajjhayaNA patratA, taMjahA-uvamA, saMkhA, isibhAsiyAiM, AyariyabhAsitAI, mahAvIrabhAsitAiM, khomapasiNAI, komalapasiNAI addAgapasiNAI. aMguTThapasiNAI, bAhupasiNAI / -ThANAMgasutta : prakA0 mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, dasamaM ajajhayaNaM dasaTANaM, pR0 311 cottAlIsaM ajjhayaNA isibhAsiyA diyalogacutAbhAsiyA paNNattA / -samavAyAMgasUtra-44 sUtrakRtAMgasUtra 1/3/4/1-4 vahI, 2/6/1-3, 7.9 bhagavatI, zataka 15 upAsakadazAMga, adhyAya 6 evaM 7 (a) sUtanipAtta 32. sabhiyasutta (ba) dIghanikAya, sAmaaphalasutta 14. suttanipAta 32, sabhiyasutta
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________________ 217 (a) pAli sAhitya kA itihAsa (bharatasiMha upAdhyAya ), pR0 102-104 (ba) It is ......... the oldest of the poetic books of the Buddhist Scriptures. -The Suttaanipata (Sister Vayira ) Introduction, P. 2 16. ubho nArada pabatA / --suttanipAta 32. sabhiyasutta 34 asito isi addasa divAvihAre / --suttanipAta 37, nAlakasutta 1 18. suttanipAta 71, pigiyamANavapucchA suttanipAta 32, sabhiyasutta / vahI, sabhiyasutta / vahI, sabhiyasutta / dheragAdhA 36;Dictionary of Pali Proper names, Vol.I, p.631& Vol. II, P.15 (a) isibhAsiyAI. 26/8-15 (ba) vahI.32/1-4 24. suttanipAta, kasibhAradvAjasutta ahaM ca bhoyarAyassa taM ca si agandhagavaNhiNo / mA kule gandhaNA homo saMjamaM nihuo cara || -uttarAdhyayana, 22/44 26. pakkhaMde jaliyaM joiM, dhUmakeuM durAsayaM / necchaMti vaMtayaM bhottuM, kule jAyA agaMdhaNe / / --dazavaikAlika, 2/6 agandhaNe kule jAto jadhA NAgo mahAviso / muMcittA savisaM bhUto piyanto jAtI lAghavaM / / ___ -isibhAsiyAI, 45/40 25. 27. 28. See-Introduction of Isibhasiyaim by Walther Schubring: L.D.Institute of Indology, Ahmedabad, 1974. RSimaNDala prakaraNam, Atmavallabha granthamAlA, bAlApura, granyAMka 31, gAdhA 30. ISIBHASIYAIM. L.D. Institute of Indoloav. Introduction page 3-7.
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________________ 218 31. 32. 33. patteyabuddhamisiNo bIsaM titthe ariduNemissa / pAsassa ya paNNa dasa vIrassa vilINamohassa / / -isibhAsiyAI, pR0 205 RSimaNDala prakaraNama, gAthA 44, 45 paNhavAgaraNadasAsu NaM sasamaya-parasamaya paNNavaya patteyabuddhavivihatthabhAsAbhAsiyANaM --samavAyAMgasUtra, 546 bRhadAraNyaka upaniSada, dvitIya adhyAya, caturtha brAhmaNa / 34. * mAnada nidezaka Agama, ahiMsA-samatA evaM prAkRta saMsthAna pazinI mArga udayapura (rAja.)