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________________ rAjapraznIya sUtra meM cArvAka mata kA prastutIkaraNa evaM samIkSA jaina AgamoM meM cArvAka darzana ke dehAtmavAdI dRSTikoNa ke samarthana meM aura usake khaNDana ke lie tarka prastuta karane vAlA sarvaprathama rAjapraznIyasUtra hai| yahI eka mAtra aisA prAkRta Agama grantha hai jo cArvAka darzana ke ucchedavAda aura tajjIvataccharIravAda ke pakSa aura pratipakSa donoM ke sandarbha meM apane tarka prastuta karatA hai| rAjapraznIya meM cArvAkoM kI ina mAnyatAoM ke pUrva pakSa ko aura unakA khaNDana karane vAle uttara pakSa ko nimna rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai - rAjA payesI kahatA hai, he kezIkumAra zramaNa ! mere dAdA atyanta adhArmika the| Apake kathanAnusAra ve avazya hI naraka meM utpanna hue hoNge| maiM apane pitAmaha ko atyanta priya thA, ataH mere pitAmaha ko Akara mujhase yaha kahanA cAhie ki he pautra ! maiM tumhArA pitAmaha thA aura isI seyaMviyA (zvetAmbikA) nagarI meM adhArmika kRtya karatA thA yAvat prajAjanoM se rAja kara lekara bhI yathocita rUpa meM unakA pAlana-rakSaNa nahIM karatA thaa| isa kAraNa atIva kaluSita pApakarmoM kA saMcaya karake maiM naraka meM utpanna huA huuN| kintu he pautra ! tuma adhArmika mata honA, prajAjanoM se kara lekara unake pAlana-rakSaNa meM pramAda mata karanA aura na bahuta se malina pApa karmoM kA upArjana saMcaya hI karanA / - dehAtmavAdiyoM ke isa tarka ke pratyuttara meM kezIkumAra zramaNa ne nimna samAdhAna prastuta kiyA he rAjana! jisa prakAra tuma apane aparAdhI ko isalie nahIM chor3a dete ki vaha jAkara apane putra- mitra aura jJAtijanoM ko yaha batAye ki maiM apane pApa ke kAraNa daNDa bhoga rahA hU~, tuma aisA mata karanA, usI prakAra naraka meM utpanna tumhAre pitAmaha tumheM pratibodha dene ke lie AnA cAhakara bhI yahA~ Ane meM samartha nahIM haiN| nArakIya jIva nimna cAra kAraNoM se manuSya loka meM nahIM A skte| sarvaprathama to unameM naraka se nikala kara manuSya loka meM Ane kI sAmarthya hI nahIM hotii| dUsare narakapAla unheM naraka se bAhara nikalane kI anumati bhI nahIM dete| tIsare naraka sambandhI asAtAvedanIya karma ke kSaya na hone se ve vahAM se nahIM nikala paate| cauthe unakA naraka sambandhI AyuSya karma jaba taka kSINa nahIM hotA
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________________ 138 taba taka ve vahAM se nahIM A skte| ataH tumhAre pitAmaha ke dvArA tumheM Akara pratibodha na de pAne ke kAraNa yaha mAnyatA mata rakho ki jIva aura zarIra eka hI haiM, apitu yaha mAnyatA rakho kI jIva anya hai aura zarIra anya hai| smaraNa rahe ki dIghanikAya meM bhI naraka se manuSya loka meM na A pAne ke inhIM cAra kAraNoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| kezIkumAra zramaNa ke isa pratyuttara ko sunakara rAjA ne dUsarA tarka prastuta kiyA / he zramaNa ! merI dAdI atyanta dhArmika thiiN| Apa logoM ke matAnusAra vaha nizcita hI svarga meM utpanna huI hoNgii| maiM apanI dAdI kA atyanta priya thA ata: use mujhe Akara yaha batAnA cAhie ki, he pautra ! apane puNya karmoM ke kAraNa maiM svarga meM utpanna huI huuN| tuma bhI mere samAna dhArmika jIvana bitAo, jisase tuma bhI vipula puNya kA upArjana kara svarga meM utpanna ho| kyoMki merI dAdI ne svarga se Akara mujhe aisA pratibodha nahIM diyA ata: maiM yahI mAnatA hU~ ki jIvana aura zarIra bhinna-bhinna nahIM hai| rAjA ke isa tarka ke pratyuttara meM kezIkumAra zramaNa ne nimna tarka prastuta kiyA - he rAjana ! yadi tuma snAna, bali karma aura kautukamaMgala karake devakula meM praviSTa ho rahe ho, usa samaya koI puruSa zaucAlaya meM khar3A hokara yaha kahe ki, he svAmin ! yahA~ Ao ! kucha samaya ke lie yahA~ baiTho, khar3e hoo| to kyA tuma usa puruSa kI bAta ko svIkAra karoge? nizcaya hI tuma usa apavitra sthAna para jAnA nahIM caahoge| isI prakAra he rAjana ! devaloka meM utpanna deva vahA~ ke divya kAma bhogoM meM itane mUrcchita, gRddha aura tallIna ho jAte haiM ki ve manuSya loka meM Ane kI icchA nahIM krte| dUsare devaloka sambandhI divya bhogoM meM tallIna ho jAne ke kAraNa unakA manuSya sambandhI prema vyucchinna ho jAtA hai ata: ve manuSya loka meM nahIM A pAte / tIsare devaloka meM utpanna ve deva vahAM ke divya kAma bhogoM meM mUrchita yA tallIna hone ke kAraNa abhI jAtA hU~ - abhI jAtA hU~, aisA socate rahate haiM kintu utane samaya meM alpAyuSya vAle manuSya kAladharma ko prApta ho jAte haiN| (kyoMki devoM kA eka dina-rAta manuSya loka ke sau varSa ke barAbara hotA hai, ata: eka dina kA bhI vilamba hone para yahA~ manuSya kAladharma ko prApta ho jAtA hai / puna: manuSya loka itanA durgandhita aura aniSTakara hai ki usakI durgandha ke kAraNa deva manuSya loka meM AnA nahIM caahte| ata: tumhArI dAdI ke svarga se nahIM Ane para yaha zraddhA rakhanA ucita nahIM hai ki jIva aura zarIra bhinnabhinna nahIM haiN|
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________________ rAjapraznIya sUtra meM cArvAka mata kA prastutIkaraNa evaM samIkSA : 139 kezIkumAra zramaNa ke isa pratyuttara ko sunakara rAjA ne eka anya tarka prastuta kiyaa| rAjA ne kahA ki maiMne eka cora ko jIvita hI eka lohe kI kumbhI meM banda karavA kara acchI taraha se lohe se usakA mukha Dhaka diyA phira usa para garama lohe aura rAMge se lepa karA diyA tathA usakI dekha-rekha ke lie apane vizvAsa pAtra puruSoM ko rakha diyaa| kucha dina pazcAt maiMne usa kumbhI ko khulavAyA to dekhA ki vaha manuSya mara cukA thA kintu use kumbhI meM koI bhI chidra, vivara yA darAra nahIM thI jisase usameM banda puruSa kA jIva bAhara nikalA ho, ataH jIva aura zarIra bhinna-bhinna nahIM haiN| isake pratyuttara meM kezIkumAra zramaNa ne nimna tarka prastuta kiyA eka aisI kUTAgArazAlA jo acchI taraha se AcchAdita ho, usakA dvAra gupta ho, yahA~ taka ki usameM kucha bhI praveza nahIM kara sake, aura usa kUTAgArazAlA meM koI vyakti jora se bherI bajAye to tuma batAo ki vaha AvAja bAhara sunAyI degI ki nahIM? nizcaya hI vaha AvAja sunAyI degii| ataH jisa prakAra zabda apratihata gativAlA hai usI prakAra AtmA bhI apratihata gativAlA hai| ata: tuma yahA zraddhA karo ki jIva aura zarIra bhinna-bhinna haiN| (jJAtavya hai ki aba yaha tarka vijJAna sammata nahIM raha gayA hai, yadyapi AtmA kI amUrtatA ke AdhAra para bhI rAjA ke uparokta tarka kA pratyuttara diyA jA sakatA hai)| kezIkumAra zramaNa ke isa pratyuttara ko sunakara rAjA ne eka anya tarka prastuta kiyA jo isa prakAra hai - maiMne eka puruSa ko prANa rahita karake eka lauhakumbhI meM sulavA diyA tathA Dhakkana se use banda karake usa para rAMge kA lepa karavA diyA; kucha samaya pazcAt jaba usa kumbhI ko kholA gayA to use kRmikula se vyApta dekhA, kintu usameM koI darAra yA chidra nahIM thA jisase usameM jIva praveza karake utpanna hue hoN| ataH jIva aura zarIra bhinna-bhinna nahIM haiN| rAjA ke isa tarka ke pratyuttara meM kezIkumAra zramaNa ne agni se tapAye lohe ke gole kA udAharaNa diyaa| jisa prakAra lohe ke gole meM cheda nahIM hone para bhI agni usameM praveza kara jAtI hai, usI prakAra jIva bhI apratihata gati vAlA hone se kahIM bhI praveza kara jAtA hai| kezIkumAra zramaNa kA yaha pratyuttara sunakara rAjA ne punaH eka nayA tarka prastuta kiyaa| usane kahA ki, maiMne eka vyakti ko jIvita rahate hue aura marane ke bAda donoM hI dazAoM meM taulA kintu donoM ke taula meM koI antara nahIM thA / yadi mRtyu ke bAda AtmA usameM se nikalI hotI to usakA vajana kucha kama
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________________ 140 avazya honA cAhie thaa| isake pratyuttara meM kezIkumAra zramaNa ne vAyu se bharI huI aura vAyu se rahita mazaka ke taula ke barAbara hone kA udAharaNa diyA aura yaha batAyA ki jisa prakAra vAyu agurUlaghu hai usI prakAra jIva bhI agurUlaghu hai| ataH tumhArA yaha tarka yuktisaMgata nahIM hai ki jIva aura zarIra bhinna-bhinna nahIM haiN| (aba yaha tarka bhI vaijJAnika dRSTi se yuktisaMgata nahIM raha gayA hai kyoMki vaijJAnika yaha mAnate haiM ki vAyu meM vajana hotA hai| dUsare yaha bhI prayoga karake dekhA gayA hai ki jIvita aura mRta zarIra ke vajana meM antara pAyA jAtA hai (usa yuga meM sUkSmatulA ke abhAva ke kAraNa yaha antara jJAta nahIM hotA rahA hogaa)| rAjA ne phira eka anya tarka prastuta kiyA aura kahA ki maiMne eka cora ke zarIra ke vibhinna aMgoM ko kATakara, cIrakara dekhA lekina mujhe kahIM bhI jIva nahIM dikhAI diyaa| ata: zarIra se pRthak jIva kI sattA siddha nahIM hotii| isake pratyuttara meM kezIkumAra zramaNa ne use nimna udAharaNa dekara samajhAyA - "he rAjana ! tU bar3A mUr3ha mAlUma hotA hai, maiM tujhe eka udAharaNa dekara samajhAtA huuN| eka bAra kucha vanajIvI sAtha meM agni lekara eka bar3e jaMgala meM phuNce| unhoMne apane eka sAthI se kahA, he devAnupriya ! hama jaMgala meM lakar3I lene jAte haiM tU isa agni se Aga jalAkara hamAre lie bhojana banAkara taiyAra rkhnaa| yadi agni bujha jAya to lakar3iyoM ko ghisa kara agni jalA lenaa| saMyogavaza usake sAthiyoM ke cale jAne para thor3I hI dera bAda Aga bujha gii| apane sAthiyoM ke AdezAnusAra vaha lakar3iyoM ko cAro ora se ulaTa-palaTa kara dekhane lagA lekina Aga kahIM najara nahIM aaii| usane apanI kulhAr3I se lakar3iyoM ko cIrA, unake choTe-choTe Tukar3e kiye kintu phira bhI Aga dikhAI nahIM dii| vaha nirAza hokara baiTha gayA aura socane lagA ki dekho, maiM abhI taka bhojana taiyAra nahIM kara skaa| itane meM jaMgala meM se usake sAthI lauTakara A gaye, usane una logoM se sArI bAte khii| isa para unameM se eka sAthI ne zara banAyA aura zara ko araNi ke sAtha ghisa kara agni jalAkara dikhAyI aura phira sabane bhojana banA kara khaayaa| he payesI ! jaise lakar3I ko cIrakara Aga pAne kI icchA rakhane vAlA ukta manuSya mUrkha thA, vaise hI zarIra ko cIrakara jIva dekhane kI icchA vAle tuma bhI kucha kama mUrkha nahIM ho| jisa prakAra araNi ke mAdhyama se agni abhivyakta hotI hai usI prakAra AtmA bhI zarIra ke mAdhyama se abhivyakta hotI hai kintu zarIra ko cIrakara use dekhane kI prakriyA usI prakAra mUrkhatApUrNa hai jaise araNi ko cIra phAr3a kara agni ko dekhane kI prkriyaa| ata: he rAjA yaha zraddhA karo ki AtmA anya hai aura zarIra anya hai|
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________________ rAjapraznIya sUtra meM cArvAka mata kA prastutIkaraNa evaM samIkSA : 141 yahA~ yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki ye sabhI tarka vaijJAnika yuga meM itane sabala nahIM raha gaye haiM, kintu I.pU. sAmAnyatayA cArvAkoM ke pakSa ke samarthana meM aura unakA khaNDana karane ke liye ye hI tarka prastuta kiye jAte the| ata: cArvAka darzana ke aitihAsika vikAsakrama kI dRSTi se inakA apanA mahattva hai| jaina aura bauddha paramparA meM inameM adhikAMza tarka samAna hone se inakI aitihAsikatA, prAmANikatA aura prAcInatA bhI svata: siddha hai| jaina sAhitya meM dArzanika dRSTi se jahA~ taka cArvAka darzana ke tarkapurassara prastutIkaraNa evaM samIkSA kA prazna hai sarvaprathama use Agamika vyAkhyA sAhitya ke eka mahattvapUrNa grantha vizeSAvazyakabhAdhya (IsvI san kI sAtavIM zatI) meM dekhA jA sakatA haiN| jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA IsvI san kI chaThI zatI meM prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha isa grantha kI lagabhaga 500 gAthAyeM to AtmA, karma, puNya-pApa, svarga-naraka, bandhana-mukti Adi avadhAraNAoM kI tArkika samIkSA se sambandhita haiN| isa grantha kA yaha aMza gaNadharavAda ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai aura aba svatantra rupa se prakAzita bhI ho cukA hai| prastuta nibandha meM isa samagra carcA ko sameTa pAnA sambhava nahIM thA ataH isa nibandha ko yahIM virAma de rahe haiN|