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________________ - - -.-.-.-.-.-.-. -.-.-.-.-.- .-.-.-.-..-. -.-.-.-.-.-.-. -.-.-. rAjasthAna jaina citrakalA: kucha aprakAzita sAkSya 0 zrI brajamohanasiMha paramAra adhIkSaka, kalA sarvekSaNa, purAtattva va saMgrahAlaya vibhAga, jodhapura (rAja.) rAjasthAna meM jaina dharma kA pracAra IsA pUrva meM hI ho cukA thA, parantu kalAtmaka sAkSyoM kI prApti isa kSetra meM IsvI san kI 6-7vIM zatAbdiyoM se pUrva kI aba taka nahIM huI hai| 6-7vIM zatI se lekara havIM zatI taka jaina kalA ke sAkSya kAMsya aura prastara pratimAoM meM sImita sthAnoM se hI mile haiM, parantu bAda meM yaha sthiti nahIM rhtii| eka to yaha ki rAjasthAna ke cAroM konoM meM aneka sthAnoM se vibhinna tIrthaMkaroM aura jaina matoM ke anya devI-devatAoM kI pratimA va unakI pratiSThA hetu jinAlayoM ke nirmANa ke udAharaNa piNDavAr3A-vasantagar3ha, bhInamAla, delavAr3A, osiyA~, lodravA, jaisalamera, cittaur3a, AhAr3a (udayapura), kezavarAya pATana Adi sthAnoM se milane lagate haiM, dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki prastara kAMsya pratimAoM ke atirikta jaina kalA kI avatAraNA, tAr3apatroM, kASThapaTTikAoM aura kAgaja para hone lagatI hai| 14-15vIM zatI aura kucha bAda kI isa jaina kalA ko kucha vidvAnoM ne apabhraMza zailI aura pazcimI bhAratIya kalA zailI nAma diyA hai| yahA~ ina paMktiyoM meM jaina kalA ke zodhakartAoM kI jAnakArI aura adhyayana hetu aise hI kucha adyAvadhi aprakAzita sAkSyoM para prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai| citrita kASTha phalaka citra saMkhyA 1 va 2 ke kASThaphalaka yA paTTikAyeM jinadattasUri ke jaisalamera sthita prasiddha graMtha bhaNDAra meM saMgrahIta haiM / inake donoM ora lAkha ke raMgoM ke mAdhyama se citra bane haiN| vAstava meM inakA prayoga tAr3apatroM yA kAgaja ke hastalikSita graMthoM ko surakSita DhaMga se rakhane ke lie kiyA jAtA rahA hogaa| ina para bane citra jaina dharma se sambandhita haiN| inameM se eka paTalI yA paTTikA kalA kI dRSTi se bar3I hI mahattvapUrNa hai, jisameM 22veM tIrthaMkara neminAtha kI paryakazAyI mAtA zivA dvArA caudaha mAMgalika svapnoM ko dekhe jAne, hariNagamesina-indra ke citra citrita haiN| inake atirikta rathArUDha aura kezalucana karate neminAthajI ke citra bhI kramaza: isa para aMkita haiN| dUsarI ora paTalI ko lAla, pIle aura kAle zokha raMgoM dvArA kamala-latA ke AvartanoM ke madhya kumArikA, gaja, zArdUla aura haMsa-mithunoM kA bar3A hI sundara citraNa hai| kAlakramAnusAra ina paTaliyoM ke citra 13-15vIM zatAbdI ke pratIta hote haiN| citrita kalpasUtra kendrIya saMgrahAlaya, jayapura meM saMgrahIta yaha kalpasUtra vi0 sa0 1547 kA hai| isakA varNya viSaya mahAvIra svAmI, pArzvanAtha aura ariSTanemi (neminAtha) tathA inake paMcakalyANakoM se sambandhita haiM / kula milAkara 60 pannoM (26411 se0 mI0) vAlI isa prati meM 33 citra (1147-8 se0 mI0) haiM / ina citroM ke viSaya batAne se pUrva yahA~ isa kalpasUtra ke prazasti patra kA mUla-pATha denA upayukta hogA 1. sTaDIja ina jaina ArTa (yU0pI0 zAha) vArANasI, 1955, pR0 27-30 2. mArga, bhAga 4, saM0 2 pR0 37
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________________ -0 - 0 O 172 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha SaSTha khaNDa ++ saMvat 1547 varSe vaizAkha sudi 7 zin ma0 AkAlakhitaM ||5|| zubhaM bhavatu || || || || || || | uparyukta pATha se spaSTa hai ki isa kalpasUtra kI lipi devanAgarI hai parantu isase yaha jJAta nahIM hotA hai ki kalpasUtra kI isa prati kI racanA kahA~ kI gaI, jabaki san 1432 I0 aura san 1494 vAle kalpasUtra meM inake racanA sthala ke nAma diye gaye haiM jo kramaza: mANDu' va jaunapura meM race ge| kAgaja para kAlI syAhI se likhe isake pannoM kI nApa 26 x 11 sa0 mI0 aura ina para bane citroM kI nAma prAyaH 117 se 8 se0 mI0 hai / pAThaka kI sugamatA ke lie lekhaka ne pratyeka panne ke dAhine aura nicale kone meM kAlI syAhI se unakI saMkhyA likha dI hai / isa kalpasUtra meM padmAsanastha mahAvIra, aSTamagala, indra dvArA siMhAsana se utarakara namokAra uccAraNa, indra dvArA hariNagameSideva ko brAhmaNI devAnandA ke garbha se bhagavAna mahAvIra ke bhrUNaharaNa ke Adeza jilA dvArA caudaha svapnoM kA dekhA jAnA, rAjA siddhArtha dvArA jyotiSiyoM se svapnoM kA phala pUchanA, trizalA rAnI dvArA zoka va harSa pradarzana, mahAvIra janma (citra saMdhyA 3) mahAvIra kA devatAoM dvArA snAna, indra ko sUcanA mahAvIra kI kautukapUrNa -krIr3A, zivikA vimAna para savAra mahAvIra, mahAvIra dvArA kezaluMcana, mahAvIra kaivalyajJAna (samavasaraNa ), siddhArtha zilA sthita mahAvIra aura unake ziSya gautama, pArtha janma, pArzva-dIkSA, pArzva dvArA paMcAgni tapa kA virodha, azvA rohI, jalaplAvana se dhondra dvArA pArzva rakSA, pArzva-kavasya jJAna, pArzva- samavasaraNa neminAtha (ariSTanemi ) janma ariSTanemi dvArA kezalucana, dIkSA, videhakSetra ke bIsa viharamAna, mahAvIra ke ekAdaza gaNadhara vIrasena kA pAlana, guruziSya jainAcArya dvArA ko dhArmika zikSA Adi Adi ke taitIsa citra hai| 1 inake adhyayana se tatkAlIna sAmAjika sthiti, rIti-rivAjoM, paramparAgata vizvAsoM, dhArmika vicAradhArAoM, prakRti-citraNa para acchA prakAza par3atA hai / jahA~ taka citrazailI kA sambandha hai, isa kalpasUtra ko pazcimI bhAratIya citrazailI kI zreNI meM apabhraMza kalA zailI kA pratinidhi kahA jA sakatA hai jo sampUrNa gujarAta, rAjasthAna aura uttarapradeza, madhyapradeza ke kucha bhAgoM meM 11vIM zatI se lekara 15vIM zatAbdI taka panapI / isa kSetra kI paravartI kalAzailiyoM ne isI apabhraMza zailI kI kucha vizeSatAoM ko grahaNa kara bAda meM kucha parivartana kara apanA-apanA nijI rUpa dhAraNa kiyaa| rAjakIya saMgrahAlaya, jayapura ke isa kalpasUtra kI kalAtmaka tulanA ziva Apha velsa myujiyama, bambaI ke saMgraha ke citrita kalpasUtra, kAlakAcArya kathA aura udayapura ke sarasvatI bhavana saMgraha ke citrita kalpasUtra (vi0 saM0 1536) se kI sakatI hai| ina donoM kI bhAMti isa kalpasUtra meM bhI nArI va puruSa AkRtiyoM kI nAka va ThuDDI nukIlI hai, dhanuSAkAra bhauMhoM ke nIce kanapaTI taka visphArita netra, do meM se eka pAlI A~va, chaMTI nukIlI dAr3hI, tilakayukta caur3A lalATa, raktAbha oMTha aura vizeSatayA puruSoM ke ubhare mAMsala vakSa aura nArI AkRtiyoM ko sundara vastrAbhUSaNoM se yukta citrita kiyA gayA hai| " isakI raMgayojanA meM pRSThabhUmi lAla raMga kI hai, ise rAjasthAna ke pAramparika kalAkAra ustAda hisAmuddIna ke zabdoM meM "hiMgalU" bhI kahA jA sakatA, kyoMki isameM sindUra kI milAvaTa hai| isa raMga kA nirmANa jharaberI evaM pIpala kI chAla aura lAkha milAkara kiyA jAtA thaa| hAMziyoM kI kinArI nIle raMga kI hai, jo kisI patte se taiyAra kiyA jAtA thA / puruSoM va nAriyoM ke pIle raMga ko sone ke bArIka barka ko car3hAkara banAyA hai| yadi sunaharA raMga hotA to bhare gaye sthAnoM meM samatA hotI / barpha ke car3he hone se kahIM sunaharA raMga hai aura kahIM upar3A huA pratIta hotA hai| sapheda raMga kA prayoga AkRtiyoM kI AMkhoM, vastra, AbhUSaNoM tathA haMsoM ke citraNa meM huA hai isa raMga ko 'gaMdha' yA har3atAla ko phUMkakara banAyA gayA hogA / nIle raMga kA prayoga citroM meM rikta sthAna bharane, hAthI, ghor3e, mora aura pAnI ko dikhAne meM huA hai| kAle raMga ko rekhAoM, keza, bhauMhoM ko raMgane ke kAma meM liyA gayA hai| isa kAle raMga 1. lalita kalA saMkhyA 6 san 1956 ( dekhie kArla khaNDelavAla aura motIcandra kA 'e kansIDarezana Apha aina ilasTreTeDa menusakripTa phrAma mANDava durga san 1436 I0) kendrIya saMgrahAlaya, jayapura kalpasUtra citra rekhAkarma aura raMgayojanA kI dRSTi se mANDU vAle kalpasUtra se kucha nimnastara ke haiM /
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________________ rAjasthAna jaina citrakalA : kucha aprakAzita sAkSya -.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-... .... . .... ne kahIM-kahI kAgaja ko khA liyA hai, jisase aisA pratIta hotA hai ki kAlikha meM sambhavataH kasIsa milAI gaI hogii| isI prakAra muMgiyA, harA raMga (sIlU) kaI sthAnoM para kAgaja ko khA gayA hai, yaha khanija raMga hai jisakI prApti kahA~ se huI ? kahanA kaThina hai| yazodharacarita savAImAdhopura sthita dIvAnajI ke mandira meM jaina tIrthakaroM kI lagabhaga 450 pASANa evaM kAsya pratimAeM surakSita haiM, parantu inameM se adhikAMza pratimAe~ vikrama saMvat 1826 kI haiN| jaina purAtattva viSayaka isase pUrva kA eka 'yazodharacarita' nAmaka citrita grantha hai, jo jayapura ke nikaTa sAMgAnera kasbe meM vi0 saM0 1766 meM citrita huA thA, jaisA ki isake nimnalikhita prazasti patra se spaSTa hai iti yazodharacaritre bhaTTAraka zrI sakalakoti viracite / abhayarucita bhaTTAraka svargagamana varNanonAmA aSTama sargaH sampUrNa // miti saMvatsare raMdhrarasamunIndra miti 1766 mAghamAse zuklapakSe paMcamI tithi revatI nakSatra saMgrAmapura nagare zrI neminAtha caityAlaye zrI mUlasaMghe naMdyAmnAya balAtkAragaNa sarasvatI mcche..."| yazodharacarita kI isa citrita pANDulipi meM 56 pRSTha haiM jo AkAra meM lagabhaga 12'46" ke hoMge aura 36 citra haiM, jinameM se kucha pUre pRSTha para aura kucha Adhe pRSThoM para citrita haiM / rekhAkarma va raMga yojanA kI dRSTi se isake citra san 1706 I01 ke Amera vAlI rAgamAlA ke citroM se nikaTa kI samAnatA rakhate haiM / isase pUrva kI eka aura yazodharacaritra kI prati Amera meM san 1560 I0 meM citrita huI thI, sarayU dozI ke adhyayana ke AdhAra para isa prati ke citroM para pazcimI bhAratIya kalA zailI kA prabhAva spaSTa hai| 000 1. lalita kalA, aMka 15 (zrIdhara AM), pR0 47-51