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________________ puNya aura pApakA zAstrIya dRSTikoNa pUrva vRtta ___ 'samyagdRSTike puNya aura pApa donoM heya haiM' zIrSaka eka lekhameM' maiMne bRhadravyasaMgrahake saMskRta-TIkAkAra brahmadevake uddharaNapUrvaka yaha batAyA hai ki samyagdRSTike puNya heya hai-upAdeya nahIM hai aura saMskRta-TIkAkArakI sodAharaNa yukti dvArA spaSTa kiyA hai ki samyagdRSTi nija zuddha AtmAkI hI bhAvanA karatA hai / parantu cAritramohake udayase yadi usa zuddha Atma-bhAvanAmeM asamartha rahatA hai to nirdoSa paramAtmasvarUpa arahaMtAdi paMcaparameSThiyoMkI paramAtmapadakI prApti aura viSaya-kaSAyoMko dUra karaneke lie dAna, pUjA Adise athavA ti Adise parama bhakti karatA hai| isase usa samyagdRSTi jIvake bhogoMkI AkAMkSA Adi nidAnarahita pariNAma utpanna hotA hai / usase usake binA cAhe viziSTa puNyakA Asrava hotA hai| jaise kisAna cAvaloMkI prApti ke lie khetI karatA hai, para palAla use anacAhe mila jAtA hai| puNyakA phala vaibhava (indrAdipada) Adi milanepara vaha (samyagdRSTi) usameM Asakta yA mohita nahIM hotaa| isa kramase vaha AtmaguNoMkA vikAsa karatA huA antameM jinadIkSA lekara nirvANa prApta karatA hai| ___isa lekhameM hamane apanI orase kucha na likhakara kevala brahmadevakA uddharaNa aura usake anuvAdaka paM0 ajitakumArajI zAstrIkA hindI anuvAda diyA thaa| parantu ukta paNDitajIne 'jainagajaTa' varSa 51, aMka 50 ke sampAdakIyameM 'tyAjya aura grAhya' zIrSakake antargata 'bhrAnti-nirAsa' upazIrSakase eka TippaNI dI hai aura usameM hameM apane lekhakA spaSTa abhiprAya janatAko samajhAneke lie puNya-viSayaka vivecana zAstrIya sAkSIse karanekI preraNA kI hai| ataH isa lekha dvArA hama puNya aura pApakA zAstrIya dRSTikoNase vicAra kreNge| puNya aura pApa digambara paramparAmeM prAcIna AcAryoMmeM AcArya kundakunda aura unake bAda AcArya gRddha picchakA sarvopari sthAna hai tathA unake granthoMko nirvivAdarUpameM pramANa mAnA jAtA hai / A0 kundakundane paMcatthiyasaMgraha (paMcAstika-saMgraha), pavayaNasAra (pravacanasAra), NiyamasAra (niyamasAra), aTThapAhuDa (aSTaprAbhRta), samayasAra Adi mUrddhanya graMthoMkI racanA kI hai tathA A0 gRddhapicchakA ekamAtra Adya saMskRta-gadyasUtra-grantha 'tattvArthasUtra' upalabdha hai / hameM dekhanA hai ki ina graMthoMmeM puNya aura pApakA varNana milatA hai yA nahIM ? yadi milatA hai to unhoMne puNya aura pApakA nirUpaNa kisa prakAra kiyA hai ? sabase pahale hama kundakundakA 'paMcatthiyasaMgaha' lete haiM / isameM puNya aura pApako padArtha mAnA gayA hai aura unakI nau padArthoM meM parigaNanA kI gaI hai| jaisA ki usakI nimna gAthAse prakaTa hai jIvAjIvA bhAvA puNyaM pAvaM ca AsavaM tesi / saMvara-Nijjara-baMdho mokkho ya havaMti te aTThA / / 1. jaina sandeza, varSa 30, aMka 24, jaina saMgha, mthuraa| 2. paMcatthiyasaMgaha, gA0 108 / -123
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________________ Age isI grantha meM puNya aura pApakA svarUpa batalAte hue likhA hai ki jIvakA zubha pariNAma puNya padArtha hai aura azubha pariNAma pApa padArtha hai / tathA ina donoM zubhAzubha pariNAmoMkA nimitta pAkara pudgalakA pariNAma kramazaH zubha karma aura azubha karmarUpa avasthAko prApta hotA hai| tAtparya yaha ki jIvakA zubha pariNAma bhAvapuNya aura usake nimittase hone vAlA pudgalakA zubhakarmarUpa pariNAma dravyapuNya hai / tathA jIvakA azubha pariNAma bhAvapApa aura usake nimittase hone vAlA pudgalakA azubhakarmarUpa pariNAma dravyapApa hai / yathA supariNAmo puNaM asuho pArvati havadi jIvassa / donhaM poggalametto bhAvo kammattaNaM patto // ' yahAM A0 amRtacandra aura A0 jayasenakI TIkAyeM draSTavya haiM / unhoMne viSayakA acchA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai / smaraNa rahe ki zubhAzubha pariNAma ( bhAvapuNya bhAvapApa) kA karttA to jIva hai aura unake nimitta se honevAle pudgalakarmarUpa pariNAma ( dravyapuNya dravyapApa) kA karttA pudgala hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki jIva aura pudgala ye donoM apane-apane pariNAmake upAdAna hai aura eka-dUsarA eka-dUsare ke prati nimitta hai / puNyakA Asrava itanI sAmAnya carcAke bAda aba hama kevala puNyake Asravake saMbaMdha meM prakAza DAlanekA prayAsa kareMge / puNya kyA hai, yaha samajha leneke uparAnta aba prazna hai ki puNyakA Asrava kaise hotA hai ? isakA samAdhAna karate hue isI paMcatthiya saMgaha meM AcAryane bar3I vizadatAse kahA hai ki jisake prazasta rAga hai, anukampArUpa pariNAma hai aura citta meM kAluSya nahIM hai usI jIvake puNyakA Asrava hotA hai / arahanta, siddha aura sAdhu inakI bhakti, vyavahAracAritrarUpa dharmAnuSThAnameM ceSTA ( pravRtti) aura gurujanoMkA anugamana (vinaya) prazasta rAga hai| yaha rAga sthUla lakSya honeke kAraNa kevala bhaktipradhAna ajJAnIke hotA hai athavA anucita rAga yA tIvra rAga na hone pAye, isa hetu vaha kabhI jJAnIke bhI hotA hai / yathArtha meM sUkSmalakSyI samyagdRSTi jJAnIko yaha rAga nahIM hotA / pyAsa se Akulita, bhUkhase pIr3ita athavA iSTaviyogAdijanya duHkhase duHkhita prANIko dekhakara jo svayaM duHkhI hotA huA dayAbhAvase usake duHkhako dUra karanekI icchAse Akulita hai usake isa prakArake bhAvako anukampA kahate haiM / yaha ajJAnI ke hotI hai / jJAnIke to nIce kI bhUmikAmeM rahate hue janmodadhimeM DUbe jagatko dekhakara ISat khinnatA hotI hai / jaba krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobhakA tIvrodaya hotA hai taba cittameM kSobha paidA hotA hai aura isIko kAluSya kahate haiM / parantu jaba unhIM krodhAdikA mandodaya hotA hai taba cittameM kSobha nahIM AtA, aise bhAvako akAluSya kahA gayA hai / yaha kabhI viziSTa kaSAyakA kSayopazama honepara ajJAnIke bhI hotA hai aura kaSAyakA udaya rahate hue aura upayoga ke pUrNa nirmala na hote hue jJAnIke bhI kadAcit hotA hai / yaha saba nimna gAthAoMse spaSTa hai rAgo jasa pattho aNukaMpAsaMsido ya pariNAmo / citte Natthi kalussaM puNNaM jIvassa Asavadi || arahaMta-siddha-sAhusu bhatto dhammammi jA ya khalu ceTThA / anugamaNaM pi gurUNaM pasattharAgo tti vuccati // 1. paMcatthiyasaMgraha, gA0 132 / 124
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________________ tisidaM bubhukkhidaM vA duhidaM daLUNa jo hu duhidamaNo / paDivajjadi taM kivayA tassesA hodi aNukaMpA / / kodho va jadA mANo mAyA lobho va cittamAsejja / jIvassa kuNadi khohaM kaluso tti ya taM budhA veMti // ' aba inhIM kundakundake samayasArako lIjiye / usameM puNya aura pApako lekara eka svataMtra hI adhikAra hai, jisakA nAma 'puNyapApAdhikAra' hai / isameM karmake do bheda karake kahA gayA hai ki zubhakarma suzIla (puNya) hai aura azubhakarma kuzIla hai--pApa hai, aisA jagat samajhatA hai / parantu vicAranekI bAta hai ki zubhakarma bhI azubhakarmakI taraha jIvako saMsAra meM praveza karAtA hai taba use 'suzIla' kaise mAnA jAya ? arthAta donoM hI pudgalake pariNAma honese tathA saMsArake kAraNa honese unameM koI antara nahIM hai| dekho, jaise lohekI beDI puruSako bA~dhatI hai usI taraha sone kI ber3I bhI puruSako bA~dhatI hai| isI prakAra zubha pariNAmoMse kiyA gayA zubhakarma aura azubha pariNAmoMse kiyA gayA azubha karma donoM jIvako bA~dhate haiM / ataH unameM bheda nahIM hai| jaise koI puruSa nindita svabhAvavAle (duzcaritra) vyaktiko jAnakara usake sAtha na uThatA-baiThatA hai aura na usase maitrI karatA hai| usI taraha jJAnI (samyagdaSTi) jIva karmaprakRtiyoMke zIlasvabhAvako kutsita (barA) jAnakara unheM chor3a dete haiM aura unake sAtha saMsarga nahIM karate / kevala apane jJAyaka svabhAvameM lIna rahate haiN| rAga cAhe prazasta ho, cAhe aprazasta, donoMse hI jIva karmako bA~dhatA hai tathA donoM prakArake rAgoMse rahita hI jIva usa karmase chuTakArA pAtA hai| itanA hI jina bhagavAnke upadezakA sAra hai, isalie na zubhakarmameM rakta hoo aura na azubhakarmameM / yathArthameM puNyakI ve hI icchA karate haiM jo AtmasvarUpake anubhavase cyata haiM aura kevala azabhakarmako ajJAnatAse bandhakA kAraNa mAnate haiM tathA vrata, niyamAdi zubhakarmako bandhakA kAraNa na jAnakara use mokSakA kAraNa samajhate haiN| isa sandarbhameM isa granthake ukta adhikArakI nimna gAthAe~ bhI draSTavya haiM kammamasuhaM kusIlaM suhakammaM cAvi jANaha susIla / kaha taM hodi susIlaM jaM saMsAraM pavesedi // 145 / / sovaNNiyaM piNiyalaM baMdhadi kAlAyasaM pi jaha purisaM / baMdhadi evaM jIvaM suhamasuhaM vA kadaM kammaM / / 146 / / jaha NAma ko vi puriso kucchiyasIlaM jaNaM viyANittA / vajjedi teNa samayaM saMsaggaM rAyakaraNaM ca // 148 / / emeva kammapayaDIsIlasahAvaM ca kucchidaM gAuM / vajjati pariharaMti ya tassaMsaggaM sahAvarayA // 149 / / ratto baMdhadi kammaM muMcadi jovo viraagsNptto| eso jiNovadeso tamhA kammesu mA rajja // 150 // vada-NiyamANi dharaMtA solANi tahA tavaM ca kuvvNtaa| paramaTThabAhirA je NivvANaM te Na vidati // 153 / / paramaTThabAhirA je aNNANeNa puNNamicchati / saMsAragamaNahedUM vi mokkhaheuM ajANatA // 154 // 2 1. paMcatthiyasaMgaha, gA0 135, 136, 137, 138 / 2. samayasAra, puNyapApAdhikAra / -125 -
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________________ AcArya amRtacaMdrane ina gAthAoMkA marma bar3I vizadatAse udghATita kiyA hai, jo unakI TokAse jJAtavya hai| yahA~ hama unake do dRSTAntoMko upasthita karanekA lobha saMvaraNa nahIM kara sakate / eka dRSTAnta dvArA unhoMne batAyA hai ki jaise koI vyakti brAhmaNa kulameM utpanna hokara use apane brAhmaNatvakA abhimAna ho jAtA hai aura koI zUdra kulameM paidA hokara vaha usake ahaMkArase nahIM bctaa| parantu ve donoM yaha bhUla jAte haiM ki unakI jAti to Akhira eka hI hai-donoM hI manuSya haiM / usI taraha puNya aura pApa kahaneko bhale hI ve do hoM, kintu haiM donoM hI eka hI pudgalako upaja / dUsare dRSTAnta dvArA A0 amRtacandra kahate haiM ki jisa prakAra eka hAthIko bA~dhane ke lie manorama athavA amanorama hathiniyA~ usapara kUTanItikA jAla pheMka use bA~dha letI haiM aura vaha hAthI ajJAnatAse unake zikaMje meM A jAtA hai, usI prakAra zubhakarma aura azubhakarma bhI jIvapara apanA lubhAvanA jAla DAlakara use bandhana meM DAla dete haiM aura jIva ajJAnatAse unake jAlameM phaMsa jAtA hai| tAtparya yaha ki puNya aura pApa donoM hI jIvake sajAtIya nahIM haiM---ve usake vijA. tIya haiM aura ekajAti--pudgalake ve do pariNAma haiN| tathA donoM hI jIvake bandhana haiN| inameM itanA hI antara hai ki ekako zubha (puNya) kahA jAtA hai aura dUsareko azubha (pApa) / para karma donoM hI haiM / aura donoM hI bandhanakAraka hai| jaise soneko ber3A aura loheko bedd'ii| ber3I donoM haiM aura donoM hI puruSakI svatantratAkA apaharaNa karake use bandhanameM DAlatI haiN| A0 gRddhapicchane bhI puNya aura pApa donoMko karma (bandhanakAraka pudgalakA pariNAma) kahA hai aura jJAnAvaraNAdi AThoM athavA unakI ekasau ar3atAlIsa prakRtiyoMko puNya tathA pApameM vibhakta kiyA hai| unake ve sUtra isa prakAra haiM 1. sadvedyazubhAyurnAmagotrANi puNyam / 2.. ato'nyatpApam / ' dUsare kucha AcAryoMkA bhI puNya-pApa viSayaka nirUpaNa yahA~ upasthita hai--- A0 yogIndudeva yogasArameM likhate haiM puNyase jIva svarga pAtA hai aura pApase naraka meM jAtA hai| jo ina donoM (puNya aura pApa) ko chor3akara AtmAko jAnatA hai vahI mokSa pAtA hai / (gA0 do0 32) jabataka jIvako eka paramazuddha pavitra bhAvakA jJAna nahIM hotA tabataka vrata, tapa, saMyama aura zIla ye saba kucha bhI kAryakArI nahIM hote| (gA0 do0 31) pApako pApa to sabhI jAnate aura kahate haiM / parantu jo puNyako bhI pApa kahatA hai, aisA paNDita koI viralA hI hotA hai / __(do, 71) jaise lohekI sAMkala, sAMkala (bandhanakAraka) hai usI taraha sonekI sAMkala bhI sAMkala (bandhanakAraka) hai| yathArthameM jo zubha aura azubha donoM bhAvoMkA tyAga kara dete haiM ve hI jJAnI haiM / (do0 72) paramAtmaprakAzameM bhI A0 yogIndudeva puNya aura pApako vistRta carcA karate hue kahate haiM jo vyakti vibhAva pariNAmako baMdhakA aura svabhAva pariNAmako mokSakA kAraNa nahIM samajhatA vahI ajJAnase puNyako bhI aura pApako bhI donoMko hI karatA hai| (2-53) jo jIva paNya aura pApa donoMko samAna nahIM mAnatA vaha mohake kAraNa cirakAla taka duHkha sahatA humA saMsArameM bhaTakatA hai| (2-55) 1. vattvArthasU* 8 / 25, 26 / -126
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________________ isa taraha hama sahaja rUpameM jAna sakate haiM ki puNya aura pApake viSayameM zAstrakA kyA dRSTikoNa hai ? arthAt nizcayanayase pApa bhI heya hai aura puNya bhI heya hai, kyoMki ve donoM pudgalake pariNAma haiM / paNDitapravara daulatarAmajIke zabdoMmeM _ 'puNya-pApaphala mAhiM harakha-bilakho mata bhAI, yaha pudgala-parajAya upaja vinarsa kira thAI / ' tathA vyavahAranayase puNya upAdeya hai, kyoMki vratAdikA grahaNa prathamAvasthAmeM Avazyaka hai aura unase puNyakA Asrava hotA hai| pApa to sarvathA varjanIya hI hai| CADUN 1. chhddhaalaa| - 127 - |