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________________ pratihAra kAla meM pUjita rAjasthAna ke kucha apradhAna devI-devatA DA0 dazaratha zarmA Izvarako sarvatra dekhane vAle hindU dharmake lie sabhI pUjya deva-deviyoMmeM IzvaratvakI bhAvanA karanA AsAna rahA hai| cAhe manuSya kisI nAmase apane iSTadevakA pUjana kare, pUjya vastu vahI Izvaratattva hai / isIlie zrIkRSNa bhagavadgItA meM kaha sake haiM : ye'pyanyadevatA bhaktA yajante zraddhayAnvitAH / te'pi mAmeva kaunteya yajantyavidhipUrvakam / / 9.23 / / pUjana niSkAma ho to zreSTha hai / usIse karmakI hAni, aura muktikI prApti ho sakatI hai kintu phala prAptike icchuka vyakti prAyaH aneka deva mUrtiyoMkA pUjana karate hI haiM ( 7.20 ); aura unheM apane lakSyAnusAra IzvarIya niyama dvArA vihita prApti bhI hotI hai| pratihAra kAlameM vaidika dharmAnusAriNI janatA prAyaH viSNu, ziva, sUrya aura zaktikI pUjaka thii| inake ekatvakI bhAvanA unake hRdayameM dRr3ha mUla ho cukI thii| anyathA yaha kaise sambhava hotA ki pitA eka devakA to putra anya kisI iSTadevakA pUjana kare ? pratihAra-rAja devazakti viSNukA to usakA putra vatsarAja mahezvarakA bhakta thA / vatsarAjake uttarAdhikArI nAgabhaTa dvitIyane bhagavatIkA pUjana kiyA to usake uttarAdhikArI rAmabhadrane suurykaa| rAmabhadrakA putra samrAT bhoja bhagavatI-bhakta thA; kintu apane anta:purameM usane apanI rAniyoMke lie bhagavAna narakadviSa viSNuko pratimAkA sthApana kiyA thaa| mahendrapAla prathamane bhI bhagavatIkI ArAdhanA kI; kintu usakA putra vinAyakapAla AdityakA aura vinAyakapAlakA putra mahendrapAla dvitIya mahezvarakA pujaka thaa| brahmAkA bhI yatra tatra pUjana vartamAna thA / kintu hariSeNIya bRhatkathAkoza, kuvalayamAlA, jinezvarIya kathAkozaprakaraNa, upamitibhavaprapaJcA Adi jaina graMthoMke sAkSyase yaha siddha hai ki pratihAra-yugameM brahmApajakoMkI saMkhyA prAyaH nagaNya thii| abhilekhAdi purAtAttvika sAmagrIke AdhArapara bhI hama isI niSkarSa para paha~cate haiN| brahmA vedoMke draSTA hai| jaba vedoM kA sthAna prAyaH smRtiyoM aura purANoMne grahaNa kara liyA to sAvitrIpati brahmAke gauravameM kucha apakarSa honA svabhAvataH nizcita hI thA / / kintu purANokta aneka devoM aura deviyoMkA pUjana isa samaya khUba bddh'aa| inameM kucha zivakulameM saMkhyAta hai| amarakozane ziva aura pArvatIke ThIka bAda gaNapatiko lete hue vinAyaka, vighnarAja, dvaimAtura, gaNAdhipa, ekadanta, heramba, lambodara, gajAnana Adi unake ATha nAma die haiM jisase siddha hai ki pAMcavIM zatAbdI meM gaNapatikA svarUpa prAyaH bahI thA jo aba hai aura tadviSayaka aneka paurANika kathAe~ pUrI taraha 1. viSNa, ziva, sUrya Adike pradhAna devoMke vivaraNake lie Rajasthan Through the Agos dekheN| 2. pRSTha, 68 / itihAsa aura purAtattva : 3
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________________ prasRta ho cukI thIM / kSIrasvAmIne unakA 'Akhuratha' nAma bhI diyA hai / AThavIM zatAbdI ke mahAn jaina sAhityakAra aura dArzanika haribhadrasUrine dhUrtAkhyAnameM gaNapati ke pArvatIke malase utpanna honekI kathA dI hai / kuvalayamAlAkathA meM vinAyaka una devatAoM meM parigaNita haiM jinakA vipatti ke samaya loga dhyAna karate the / gajendrarUpa meM aneka lokadevatAoMke sAtha inakI catvarameM pUjA hotI / skandapurANAdimeM jo inakA vizada varNana hai vaha prAyaH sabhI ko jJAta hai / kakkukake dhariyAle stambhake saMvat 918 ke prathama abhilekhakA Arambha vinAyakako namaskArase hotA hai / isI yazaH stambha para caturmukha vinAyakakI sundara mUrti hai / nRtya mudrAmeM gaNapati kI mUrtiyAM bhI paryApta priya rahI hoNgii| ye harasa, AbAnerI, Adi aneka sthAnoM se milI / maNDora relve sTezana ke nikaTa pahAr3I para ziva sameta gaNapati aura mAtRkAoM kI mUrtiyAM bhI darzanIya haiN| mahArAjA jayapura ke saMgraha meM gaNapatinRtyamudrAmeM saptamAtRkAsahita ziva ullekhanIya haiM / ' aTarUmeM bhI isI taraha gaNapati kI aneka prakArakI pratimAe~ milI haiM, jo gaNapati pUjAke vizeSa pracAra kI dyotaka haiM / kahIM sthAnaka, kahIM AsIna, kahIM zaktiyuta, to eka sthAna meM caturbAhu rUpameM ye garuDAsIna bhI haiM / 3 skanda, kumAra yA kArtikeya bhI zaivavarga meM haiM / guptakAlameM skandake pUjanakA bahuta adhika pracAra thA / do gupta samrAT skanda aura kumAra inhIMke nAmase abhihita haiM / kAlidAsane inhIM ke gauravagAna meM kumArasambhava kI racanA kI / yaudheyoMke ye iSTadeva the / amarakozane gaNapatike ATha to skandake sataraha nAma die haiM / kintu pratihArakAlameM skandakI yaha janapriyatA bahuta kucha lupta ho cukI thI / kisI pratihAra samrATne skandako iSTadeva ke rUpa meM grahaNa na kiyA / upamitibhavaprapaJcA, yazastilaka, bRhatkathAkoza, jinezvarIkathAkoza prakaraNa Adi graMthoM meM unakA sthAna nagaNya hai| rohItaka kisI samaya skandakA mukhya sthAna thA / kintu yazastilakane skandakI gauNatAke kAraNa yahA~ caNDamArIko pratiSThita kara diyA hai / kuvalayamAlA meM aneka anya devatAoMke sAtha skandakA nAma hai / skandapurANake kaumArI khaNDa meM skanda kI paryApta prazaMsA vartamAna hai; kintu usameM bhI skandake pUjanAdikA vizeSa vidhAna aura varNana nahIM hai / haribhadrasUrine kumArakI utpatti kI kathA dete hue usakA sthAna dakSiNa dezake araNya meM rakhA hai ( 3.83 ) / zAyada isase yaha anumAna karanA asaMgata na ho ki haribhadrake samaya skandakI pUjAkA pracAra mukhyataH dakSiNa meM thA / skandakI guptakAlIna mUrtiyAM avazya rAjasthAnameM prApya haiM / sUryakulIna devoMmeM revantakA ullekha kuvalayamAlA meM hai / bRhatsaMhitA aura viSNudharmottarapurANa meM revanta kI mUrtikA vidhAna hai / kAlikApurANa ke anusAra inakA pUjana dvArake nikaTa pUrNa jalapAtra rakhakara bhI kiyA jAtA / jalapAtra meM unakI upasthiti mAna lI jAtI / janatAkA vizvAsa thA ki Akasmika vipattiyoMke samaya revanta vipadgata vyaktiyoMkI rakSA karate / isalie yaha samucita hI thA ki samudra meM tUphAna Anepara kuvalayamAlA kathAke jalayAtriyoMne revantakI prArthanA Arambha kii| amarakozameM revantakA nAma nahIM hai / anyatra inheM sUrya aura saMjJAkA putra aura gRhyakoMkA rAjA kahA gayA hai jisase pratIta hotA hai ki prathamataH maNibhadrAdikI taraha ye bhI janadeva the aura samayAnukramase sUryakulameM parigaNita hue / 2. pRSTha, 2, 14, 256 // 2. dekheM DaoN0 ratnacandra agravAlake lekha, marubhAratI, 8 2 29, Adi; jarnala oNpha iNDiyana hisTrI, 28, pRSTha 497 Adi / 3. marubhAratI, 8, 1, 67 / 4 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana -grantha
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________________ isa prakAra aneka anya deva haiN| jinake lie jaina graMthoMmeM vyantara saMjJA prayukta hai / bhAratameM Ajakala madana (kAmadeva ) kI pUjA nahIM hotI; kintu pratihArakAla taka isa pUjAkA paryApta pracAra thA / caitra zuklA trayodazI madana trayodazIke nAmase prasiddha thI / madana puSpadhanvA ke nAmase prasiddha hai / kintu upamitibhavaprapaJcAdise pratIta hotA ki madana ikSudhanvA bhI the / madanake pUjAgRhakA toraNa ikSukA banA hotA, aura usameM azoka ke nava-pallavoMkI bandanavAra hotI / agara, sugandhita puSpa aura karpUra se sthAna suvAsita rahatA aura bhaktagaNa ikSurasa - pUrNa bhANDa, zAlidhAnya aura aneka miSTAnna upahAra ke rUpameM samarpita karate / kanyAe~ sundara varakI abhilASAse aura vivAhita striyAM apane saubhAgyakI rakSAke lie madanakA pUjana krtiiN|" madanapUjana ke varNana se pUrNa hai / karkoTanagara se prApta makaradhvajIya kAmadeva aura ratikA agravAlane kiyA hai | vyantaroM meM yakSa mukhya haiN| inakI pUjA bhArata meM prAcIna samayase calI A rahI hai / aneka jaina kathAoM meM yakSa pUjAkA varNana hai / jJAnapaJcamI se pratIta hotA hai ki mathurAmeM maNibhadrake pUjanakA paryApta pracAra thA / maNibhadrakI dhArmika janoMpara paryApta kRpA rahatI hai / samarAiccakahA meM eka vicitraprakRtika kSetrapAlakA varNana hai jise choTI-moTI duSTatA karanemeM hI Ananda AtA / jinezvarIya kathAkozameM kSetrapAla dvArA Aveza ora paumasiricariya meM kSetrapAlakI naTakhaTa vRttikA varNana hai / rAjasthAnameM kSetrapAla aba bhI pUjita hai; para usake rUpameM kucha antara avazya huA hai / yakSoM meM sabase mahattvapUrNa kubera the| cittaur3a kSetrase prApta udayapura myUjiyamakI kubera pratimAkA zilpasauSThava meM adabhuta hai / isake mukuTa aura mastakakI jinamUrti hameM kuvalayamAlAke varNanakA smaraNa dilAtI hai / kumAra kuvalayacandrako vanameM aisI hI eka yakSapratimA milatI hai jisake mukuTa meM muktAzaila vinirmita arhatpratimA hai / use namaskArakara kumAra socane lagatA hai "are, yaha Azcarya hai ki divya yakSapratimAke mastakapara bhagavAnkI pratimA hai / yA isameM Azcarya hI kyA hai ki divya ( devAdi ) bhI bhagavAnko mastakapara dhAraNa kreN| ve to isa taraha dhAraNake yogya hI hai / "2 kuberakI aisI mUrtiyAM anyatra aba taka nahIM milI haiM / kintu kuvalayamAlAkathAke varNanase sambhAvanA kI jA sakatI hai ki aisI kucha mUrtiyAM AThavIM zatAbdI ke rAjasthAna meM rahI hoMgI / bhAratIya sAhitya ullekha DaoN0 ratnacandra ajamera nyUz2iyama meM kuberakI mUrtiyAM haiM / inameM eka lalitAsanameM sthita hai / isake dAhine hAtha meM bijorA aura bAe~ meM lambI thailI hai / 3 myUjiyamakI dUsarI kubera mUrti ar3hAI dinake jhoMpar3ese prApta huI hai| isameM kubera praphulla kamalapara khar3e haiM / narahaDa Adi rAjasthAna ke anya sthAnoMse bhI kuberakI pratimAe~ milI haiM / kuvalayamAlAkathAmeM yakSa, rAkSasa, bhUta, pizAca, kinnara, kiMpuruSa, gandharva, mahoraga, garur3a, nAga, apsaras Adi aneka anya vyantaroMkA nirdeza bhI hai jinakA sAmAnyajana svArthasiddhike lie pUjana karate / kintu isa AdhArapara unake viSayameM kucha adhika kahanA asambhava hai| nAgapura, ahicchatrA, anantagocara Adi nAmoM ke AdhArapara yaha avazya kahA jA sakatA hai ki prAcIna rAjasthAna meM nAgapUjAkA paryApta prasAra rahA hogA / navagraha pUjanakA isa kAlameM racita dhArmika sAhitya meM vidhAna hai / bharatapura kSetrase prApta navagrahoMmeM 1. vizeSa vivaraNake lie Rajasthan Through the Ages dekheM / 2. pR0 115 / 3. ricarcarTa, 1. 23-24 / itihAsa aura purAtattva : 5
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________________ ketukA abhAva' ora baghairAse prApta navagrahoM meM usakI vidyamAnatA hai / ar3hAI dinake jhoMpar3ese saptanakSatrayuktaM eka viziSTa phalakakI prApti huI hai / " isameM sAtanakSatra - maghA, pUrvAphAlgunI, uttarAphAlgunI, hasta, citrA, svAti, aura vizAkhA sukhAsana meM sthita haiM; aura isI para kAla, prabhAta, prAtaH, madhyAhna, aparAhna aura saMdhyA utkIrNa haiM / zilpa aura utkIrNa mUrtiyoMkI dRSTise yaha phalaka advitIya hai / anya apradhAna hindU devatAoMmeM hama dikpAloMkI gaNanA kara sakate haiM / narahar3ase vAyu aura varuNakI utkIrNa pratimAe~ milI haiM jo pratimAvijJAnakI dRSTise dhyAna meM rakhane yogya haiM / dinapratidina navIna sAhitya ke prakAza aura purAtattva vibhAga ke zodhakAryase hamArA deva aura devayoniviSayaka jJAna bar3ha rahA hai / viSNu, mahezvara, sUrya, arhat Adike viSayakI vipula sAmagrI chor3akara hamane isa lekha meM kevala apradhAna devoMke viSaya meM kucha zabda likhe haiM / viSayakI pUrNatA isa viSayake vidvAnoM dvArA ho sakegI / bhInamAla meM caNDInAtha maMdirakI bAvalIke sAmaneke cabUtare para AsavapeyI kuberakI pratimA hai jisakA samaya DaoN0 ema0 Ara0 majamuMdAra ke anusAra sAtavIM aura AThavIM zatAbdI ke bIca meM honA caahie| osiyA meM pippalAda mAtA ke mukhya maMDapake sAmane cabUtare para mahiSamardinI, gaNeza aura kuberakI bRhatkAya pratimAe~ haiM / sakarAya mAtAke sabase prAcIna abhilekha meM dhanada yakSake AzIrvAdakI kAmanA kI gii| bhadameM bhI osiyAMkI kuberakI kumbhodara mUrti vartamAna hai / bAMsIse prApta yakSa pratimA bhI prAyaH sAtavIM AThavIM zatAbdIkI hai| aneka anya yakSa aura kubera pratimAoMke vizeSa vivaraNa ke lie DaoN0 ratnacanda agravAlakA isI sambandha meM iMDiyana hisTaoNrikala kvArTaralI, 1957 meM prakAzita lekha paThanIya hai / kRSNanagara, dillI 31. 3. 1964 9. vahI, 1.20 / 2. vahI, 2. 11 / 6 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana grantha
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________________ votripatimAni ganiko nAmamA punrodriit|| rAjamiramAnAmAranIyAlakAharUlalAhara linIsadI nitAlAvana sAmAjAyaMkAlanA maladalAudirAlAlA rAmarakSanAlaya pArA suyagAha 1-2. saM0 1078 ke dAnapatra meM sapakSa manuSyAkRti garur3a mudrA (paramAra bhojadeva kI rAjamudrA IsvI san 1021) NIVARUITARANSISTANI THSwasancAlakAlA ORTAIMARA rAma ko rAyANDROID32.kAvyagAdAma 927lAma SURATuzaa kI mAlabAlizabiyAlA INTERsAli nikamagagnAyadhImAma 0ddog kr'aakai r'aakhide-iiniiy' 3. saM0 1005 (I0 san 948) paramAra soyaka harasola se prApta dAnapatra meM garur3amudrA LamalnesindiaBRDS sus islaamii samUmuramurAdAharaNa saM01078 ke dAnapatra meM samakSa manuSyAkRti garur3a mudrA (paramAra bhojadeva kI rAjamudrA I0 san 1020)
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________________ sAsyAlo BANASXIETYAKAMRIMARRANSEE yAlayamA nayAghAdalarAmarAma vAlI vakAlAlako yA savAlakamaladalA dina vasAyakalisakara 7 nbertobaahaatraar 4. saM0 1026 (I0 san 970) paramAra sIyaka kA dAnapatra samAlosapanetagAmatirAsAmA letA eegprlkssaasmkssaalgaayaa| pahAdhitAla sira para naramAyAyA dAmanumaMtara pAlanIyazAta mukA mAlA sarAvAdi samayamA yasAyarA misabhA nasAnasAyAlA TAnI haranAla purAjInAlivamAdhayakSamA nabhAtA vati pratimA jAnikAlAmamA:ena rAhadAnA rasmAkulamamurAramurAdArAnAnAma makAnAgAdinI yAla zAyariyAlana huraratalAyAsana yalorayazaHpArapAta nAmanivAsamAvinAparavAnAmAnAyAzAzanarogarA mAyA mArapIsa pAlIkAkAlapAlanAcAnAkAma lAlA zilAlayiMgagAtAgavaNDAtanAsakAlamisarA nArAye para karanIyatilAmAlAnA saMta bhagaramA sayabhADAmuMgalamahAzA rIkAmoravayava REAL rA 5. maM0 1076 (I0 san 1019-20) bA~savAr3A meM prApta tAmrapatra me cAmA mAtA mAmAbhadAdara nATakAyApramA pAtapUtravAdatana jhAtAgatilo pradhAnanagAva sAnAdhinamA ArApamAnAta 6. mahAkumAra harizcandra kA bhopAla meM prApta tAmrapatra vi0 saM0 1214 (I0 san 1157) ke AsapAsa