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________________ praznavyAkaraNa sUtra zrI saubhAgamala jaina 'praznavyAkaraNa' sUtra kA prAcIna rUpa lupta ho gayA hai| usameM praznottara zailI meM nandIsUtra, samavAyAMga Adi ke anusAra jo viSayavastu thI, vaha aba upalabdha nahIM hai| usake sthAna para do zrutaskandhoM meM aba hiMsA Adi pA~ca AsavoM evaM ahiMsA Adi pA~ saMvaroM kA varNana upalabdha hotA hai| hisA, mRNavAda, naurya, maithuna, parigraha tathA inake viparIta ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya evaM aparigraha kA isa sUtra meM gambhIra, vizada evaM hRdayagrAhI vivecana huA hai| variSTha svAdhyAyI evaM vyAkhyAtA zrI sobhAgamala jI jaina ne isa Alekha meM praznavyAkaraNa sUtra kI samasta viSayavastu ko sameTa kara parosane kA prayatna kiyA hai| -sampAdaka jaina dharma apane svataMtra astitva vAlA svataMtra dharma hai jisakA apanA svayaM kA darzana hai evaM mAnya siddhAnta haiN| caubIsa tIrthakaroM dvArA upadiSTa aura unhIM upadezoM ke AdhAra para racA gayA sAhitya hI jaina dharma meM pramANabhUta hai| jisa kAla meM jo bhI tIrthakara hote haiM, unhIM ke upadeza, AcAra-vicAra Adi tatkAlIna samAja meM pracalita hote haiN| isa dRSTi se bha. mahAvIra svAmI aMtima tIrthakara hone se vartamAna meM unhIM ke upadeza aMtima upadeza haiM, ve hI pramANabhUta haiN| bha. mahAvIra ne jo upadeza diyA, use gaNadharoM ne sUtrabaddha kiyA, isI kAraNa artha rUpa zAstra ke kartA bha. mahAvIra aura zabda rUpa zAstra ke kartA gaNadhara the| aisA vidvAna AcAryoM ne vItarAga bhagavaMtoM ke kathanAnusAra eka mata se svIkAra kiyA hai | Agama yA zAstra prAraMbha meM likhe hue nahIM the, apitu kaNThastha the aura ve smRti dvArA surakSita rakhe jAte the| guru dvArA apane ziSya ko aura ziSya dvArA praziSya ko zrutajJAna pradAna karane kI paramparA pracalita thI / ziSya apane guru se sunakara sIkhe gaye jJAna ko surakSita rakhate the / ataH zAstroM ke lie zruta, smRti, zruti Adi nAma prAcIna kAla meM pracalita rahe haiN| vartamAna meM 'ArAma' zabda jaina paramparA meM vyApaka rUpa se pracalita hai jo pUrNa sArthakatA liye hue hai| isa saMdarbha meM 'Agama' zabda kA artha spaSTa karate hue mahApuruSoM ne batAyA hai - 1. vidhipUrvaka jIvAditattvoM ko samajhAne vAlA zAstra Agama hai / 2. AptavacanamAgamaH isako spaSTa karate hue batAyA hai ki "Apta ve haiM jinake doSoM kA kSaya ho cukA hai, ataH doSamukta kI vANI Agama hai|" yahA~ pratipAdya viSaya 'praznavyAkaraNa sUtra' hai| ataH usa para ciMtana abhISTa hai| praznavyAkaraNa sUtra ko dvAdazAMgI meM dasavAM sthAna prApta 1 sUtra kA nAma, artha evaM svarUpa- samavAyAMga, naMdI aura anuyogadvAra sUtra meM 'praznavyAkaraNa' ke lie 'paNhAvAgaraNAI' zabda kA prayoga huA hai| sAMdarbhika
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________________ praznavyAkaraNa sUtra 2230 sUtra ke upasaMhAra meM 'pAhApAgaraNa' kA prayoga bhI upalabdha hai| ThANAMga sUtra ke dasaveM ThANe meM 'paNhAvAgaraNadasA' kA ullekha hai| digaMbara sAhitya meM bhI 'paNhavAyaraNa' zabda kI jAnakArI milatI hai| ata: samagra dRSTi se saMskRta meM 'praznavyAkaraNa' nAma hI adhika pracalita hai| yaha samAsayukta pada hai, jisakA artha hotA hai 'praznoM kA vyaakrnn'| kintu isameM kina praznoM kA vyAkaraNa yA vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA thA nada viSayaka zvenambara aura digambara donoM paramparAoM ke mAnya granthoM jaise-aMgapaggati, dhavalAgranthoM evaM ThANAMga, samavAyAMga, naMdIsUtra Adi granthoM meM jisa viSayasAmagrI kA ullekha milatA hai usase vartamAna meM upalabdha 'praznavyAkaraNa satra' kA mela nahIM baiThatA hai| samavAyAMga sUtra meM isa sUtra kA paricaya dete hue sUtrakAra ne likhA hai ki 'isa sUtra meM 108 prazna, 108 aprazna aura 108 praznAprazna haiN| vidyA meM atizaya prApta kie hue nAgakumAra, suvarNa kumAra athavA yakSAdi ke sAtha sAdhakoM ke jo divya saMvAda huA karate the, una saba labdhiyoM, divya vidyAoM, atizaya yukta praznoM Adi viSayoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa sUtra meM 1 zrutaskaMdha, 45 uddezana kAla, 45 samuddezana kAla, saMkhyAta sahasra pada, saMkhyAta akSara, parimita vAcanAe~, saMkhyAta zloka, saMkhyAta niyuktiyA~, saMkhyAta saMgrahaNiyA~ aura saMkhyAta hI pratipattiyA~ haiN| naMdI sUtra meM bhI isI se milatA-julatA ullekha prApta hotA hai| ThANAMga sUtra meM isake 10 adhyayanoM kI saMkhyA evaM una adhyayanoM ke nAma ullikhita haiN| digaMbara paraMparA ke graMtha aMgapaNNatti, dhavalA aura rAjavArtika Adi meM bhI ThANAMga sUtra se milatAjulatA varNana prApta hone kA ullekha vivecaka AcAryoM dvArA apane graMthoM meM kiyA gayA hai| donoM paramparAoM ke uparyukta mAnya graMthoM meM praznavyAkaraNa sUtra kI jisa viSaya sAmagrI kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai usa sAmagrI kA vartamAna meM upalabdha sUtra meM zruta skaMdha ke ullekha ke atirikta tanika bhI samAnatA nahIM hai| isa saMbaMdha meM vRttikAra abhayadevasUri ne spaSTIkaraNa dete hue batAyA hai ki ''isa samaya kA koI anadhikArI vyakti sUtra meM varNita vidyAoM kA durupayoga na kara baiThe, isa AzaMkA se ve saba vidyAe~ isa sUtra meM se nikAla dI gaI aura unake sthAna para Asrava aura saMvara ke varNana kA samAveza kara diyA gyaa| eka vivecanakAra ke vicArAnusAra 'Agama ke mUla pATha se aisA prakaTa hotA hai ki varNita camatkAra pUrNa atyaMta nigUDha evaM manogata praznoM ke pratItikAraka vAstavika uttara dene ke lie aneka vidyAe~ isa aMga meM vidyamAna thIM, kintu aisA pratIta hotA hai ki usa kAla meM jaina siddhAnta ke anurUpa ina AraMbha-samAraMbha pUrNa vidyAoM se sarvathA bacate hue dharma ke
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________________ (220 .. jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya zibAlaka abhyudaya hetu apavAda rUpa se hI inakA upayoga kiyA jAtA hogaa| kintu kAla ke prabhAva se parivartita paristhitiyoM meM pUrvAcAryoM ko una vidyAoM ke durupayoga kI AzaMkA hone se una vidyAoM ko isa aMga se nikAla diyA gayA ho|' vastu sthiti kI vAstavikatA kyA rahI hogI, yaha kevalIgamya hai| kintu itanA avazya hai ki vartamAna upalabdha sUtra meM aisI koI viSaya sAmagrI upalabdha nahIM hone se praznavyAkaraNa kA sAmAnya artha jijJAsA aura samAdhAna hI grahaNa kiyA gayA pratIta hotA hai| upalabdha varNya viSaya ke AdhAra para dharma aura adharma rUpa viSayoM kI carcA se yukta sUtra hI prazna vyAkaraNa sUtra hai, aisI mUrdhanya vidvadvarga kI mAnyatA hai| sUtra racanAkAra, bhASA aura zailI-"jaMbU ! iNamo aNhaya- saMvara viNicchayaM pavayAssa nniisNdN| vocchAmi NinchayatthaM suhAsiyatvaM mhesiihiN|" ukta gAthA meM Arya jambU ko saMbodhita kiyA gayA hai| ata: TIkAkAroM ne isa sUtra ko unake guru sudharmA svAmI dvArA nirUpita aMga sUtra ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| prastuta Agama ke aMtargata sampUrNa viSaya vastu kA kathana Arya sudharmA dvArA jambU svAmI ko saMbodhita karate hue upalabdha hotA hai, ata: racanAkAra ke saMbaMdha meM zaMkA nirmUla hai| praznavyAkaraNa sUtra kI bhASA arddhamAgadhI prAkRta hai| bhAvoM kI abhivyakti ke lie prayoga meM lI gaI bhASA evaM zabdoM kI yojanA prabhAvapUrNa hai| jaise hiMsA Asrava kA eka rUpa hai, jisameM krUratA evaM bhayAnakatA ke bhAva rahe hue haiM jisakA bodha karAne ke lie karkaza evaM raudra zabdoM kA prayoga honA cAhie, isameM usa rUpa kI vidyamAnatA parilakSita hotI hai| dUsarI ora ahiMsA, satya Adi saMvara ke svarUpa varNana hetu komala padoM kA upayoga apekSita hai, praznavyAkaraNa meM isa vaiziSTya kI bhI pracuratA hai| isakA pratyakSa evaM mUrta rUpa isake adhyayana se bhalIbhA~ti prakaTa hotA hai| sUtra kA varNya viSaya- isa sUtra meM Asrava evaM saMvara kA maulika rUpa meM vizada cintana evaM varNana kiyA gayA hai| vaise to Asava-saMvara kI carcA anya AgamoM meM bhI haI hai, kintu 'praznavyAkaraNa sUtra' to inhIM ke varNana kA zAstra hai| inakA jitanA kramabaddha aura vyavasthita vizada varNana isameM kiyA gayA hai utanA anyatra kahIM nahIM huA hai| pUjya zrI amolakaRSi jI ma.sA., pUjya zrI ghAsIlAla jI ma.sA., pUjya zrI madhukaramuni jI ma.sA. prabhRti santoM ne isakA vivecana kara varNya viSaya ko subodhatA pradAna kI hai| sAhitya manISI AcArya zrI hastImala jI ma.sA. ne isa para TIkA graMtha kI racanA kI hai, jisake dvArA pratipAdya viSaya ke Azaya ko sarala subodha bhASA meM spaSTa kara usakI durUhatA dUra karate hue jana-sAmAnya ke lie bodhagamya evaM upayogI banAyA hai| ukA sUtra ko carama tIrthakara bha. mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita dvAdazAMgI ke dasaveM aMga ke rUpa meM sthAna prApta hai| sUtra ke upasaMhAra meM sUtrakAra ne " isa
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________________ praznavyAkaraNa sUtra 225 prazna vyAkaraNa sUtra meM eka zrutaskaMdha hai, dasa adhyayana haiN|'' aisA kathana kiyA hai| kintu vartamAna meM upalabdha yaha sUtra mukhya rUpa se 2 bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai-1. prathama khaNDa- isameM samAviSTa viSaya vastu Asrava dvAra aura 2. dvitIya khaNDa-isakI viSaya sAmagrI saMvara dvAra ke rUpa meM nirUpita hai| prathama vibhAga meM hiMsA Adi pA~ca AsravoM kA aura dUsare bhAga meM ahiMsA Adi pA~ca saMvaroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| ___ Asrava aura saMbara ina donoM tattvoM kI nava tatvoM meM gaNanA kI gaI hai kisI bhI mokSArthI AtmA ke lie inakA jJAna Avazyaka hI nahIM, apitu sAdhanA-mArga para Age bar3hane hetu anivArya hai| Asrava tattva jahA~ janma-maraNa rUpa bhava-paramparA kI vRddhi kA mukhya kAraNa hai vahIM saMvara tattva zuddha Atma dazA (mukti) prApti kA mukhya hetu hai| kina kAraNoM se karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai aura kina upAyoM se karmoM ke baMdha kA nirodha kiyA jA sakatA hai, sAdhaka ke lie isa tathya ko hRdayaMgama kara calane para hI iSTa sAdhya kI prApti saMbhava ho sakatI hai| inhIM pravRti aura nivRti donoM mArgoM ko isameM spaSTa kiyA hai| sUtra kA prArambhika paricaya- jaisA ki Upara ullekha kiyA gayA hai, prastuta zAstra meM hiMsAdi pA~ca AsravoM aura ahiMsA Adi pA~ca saMvaroM kA kula 10 adhyayanoM meM varNana hai| adhyayana ke varNya viSaya ke anurUpa sArthaka nAmoM kA ullekha evaM unake pariNAmoM kA vistAra se varNana upalabdha hai| udAharaNArtha -- hiMsA Asrava ke aMtargata prANavadha evaM usakA svarUpa, usake bhinna-bhinna nAma, vaha jisa taraha kiyA jAtA hai evaM usake kuphala bhogane Adi kA kiyA gayA varNana pAThakoM evaM svAdhyAyiyoM ke samakSa usakA sAkSAt dRzya upasthita karatA hai| hiMsA-Asrava ke sadRza hI zeSa cAroM AsravoM kA vizada vivecana upalabdha hai| isa prakAra prathama zrutaskaMdha ke pA~ca adhyayanoM meM kramaza: hiMsA, asatya, steya, abrahma aura parigraha Adi AMtarika vikAra rUpa rogoM ke svarUpa, unake dvArA hone vAle duHkhoM, yathA. vadha, baMdhana, kuyoniyoM, nIca kuloM meM janma-maraNa karate hue anaMtakAla taka bhava-bhramaNa kA citraNa huA isake viparIta dvitIya zrutaskaMdha meM ina uparyukta rogoM se nivRtti dilAne ke upAyoM kA varNana hai| isameM ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ke svarUpa aura unake sukhada pratiphaloM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| pratyeka adhyayana ke pratipAdya viSaya kA sAra praznavyAkaraNa sUtra para racita vyAkhyA-graMthoM ke anuzIlanoparAMta upalabdha tathyoM ke AdhAra para adhyayanoM ke krama meM prastuta hai
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________________ | 226 - jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka prathama zruta-skadha prathama adhyayana-prathama Asava dvAra 'hiMsA' isa adhyayana meM prANavadha rUpa prathama Asrava 'hiMsA' kA varNana hai vItarAga jinezvara deva ne hiMsA ko pApa rUpa anArya karma aura durgati meM le jAne vAlA batAyA hai| isake aMtargata prANa vadha kA svarUpa. prANavadha ke kaluSa phala ke nirdezaka 30 nAma, pApiyoM kA pApa karma jisameM asaMyamI, avirati. mana-vANI tathA kAya ke azubha yoga vAle jIvoM dvArA jalacara, sthalacara catuSpada, uraparisarpa, bhujaparisarpa, nabhacara Adi trasa jIvoM ke asthi, mAMsa carma evaM aMgoM kI prApti kara zarIra, bhavana Adi kI zobhA bar3hAne hetu kI jAne vAlI hiMsA kA nirUpaNa, pRthvIkAyika, ap, tejas, vAyu, vanaspati Adi sthAvarakAyika jIvoM kI sakAraNa va akAraNa kI jAne vAlI hiMsA kA nirUpaNa evaM hiMsaka jIvoM kA dRSTikoNa. hiMsaka jana evaM jAtiyoM meM 50 prakAra ke anAryoM kA varNana, hiMsA ke krodhAdi aMtaraMga kAraNa, dharma-artha -kAma ke nimitta se kI jAne vAlI saprayojana evaM niSprayojana hiMsA, hiMsakoM ke utpatti sthAna, naraka ke du:khAnubhava kA nirUpaNa jisake aMtargata nArakoM ko diyA jAne vAlA lomaharSaka du:kha, nAraka jIvoM kI karuNa pukAra, paramAdhArmika devoM ko diye jAne vAle ghora duHkha evaM dI jAne vAlI vividha pIr3AoM evaM yAtanAoM ke prakAra, yAtanAoM meM prayukta zastroM ke prakAra, paraspara meM vedanAoM ko utpanna karate hue nArakiyoM kI dazA va unake pazcAttApa kA nirUpaNa, tiryaMca yoni ke duHkhoM kA nirUpaNa, caturindriya se ekendriya aura sUkSma, bAdara, paryAptaka, aparyAptaka, pratyeka, sAdhAraNa zarIrI jIvoM ke du:khoM aura manuSya bhava ke duHkhoM kA savistAra varNana kiyA gayA hai tathA batAyA gayA hai ki hiMsA rUpa pApakarma karane vAle prANI naraka aura tiryaMca yoniyoM meM tathA kumAnuSa avasthA meM bhaTakate hue anaMta duHkha prApta karate rahate haiN| mUla meM hiMsA ke phala vipAka ko alpa sukha aura bahuta du:kha kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai| isakA Azaya yaha hai ki hiMsaka ko hiMsA karate samaya prasannatA hotI hai| zikArI zikAra ke prANoM kA haraNa karake hiMsAjanya sukha kA anubhava karatA hai, jo sukhAbhAsa mAtra hai, kyoMki usake pIche ghora du:kha rahA huA hai| sukha kI yaha kSaNika anubhUti jitanI tIvra hotI hai, bhaviSya meM utane hI tIvra du:khoM kA anubhava karAtI hai| isakA phala vipAka mahAbhaya vAlA, bhayaMkara, kaThora aura asAtA rUpa hai jo palyopama aura sAgaropama Adi aneka sahasroM varSoM meM bhogate-bhogate chUTatA hai, binA bhoge kabhI bhI chuTakArA nahIM ho sakatA hai| isalie isa prANavadha kA 'jJa' parijJA svarUpa jAnakara pratyAkhyAna parijJA se sarvathA parityAga kara denA caahie| isa prakAra ke
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________________ anapAkaraNa: bhAva, adhyayana kA upasaMhAra karate hue sUtrakAra dvArA pharamAye gaye haiM / dvitIya adhyayana- dvitIya Asrava dvAra 'mRSAvAda' isa adhyayana meM sarvaprathama mRSAvAda kA svarUpa batAyA gayA hai jise alIka vacana athavA mithyAbhASaNa bhI kahA gayA hai| alIka vacana kA nirUpaNa karate hue zAstrakAra pharamAte haiM ki asatya durgati meM le jAtA hai evaM saMsAra - paribhramaNa kI vRddhi karAne vAlA hai| asatya vacanoM kA prayoga aise manuSya hI karate haiM jinameM guNoM kI garimA nahIM hotI, jo kSudra, tumcha yA hIna hote haiM, jo apane vacanoM kA svayaM mUlya nahIM jAnate, jo prakRti meM caMcalatA hone se binA soce samajhe bolate haiN| dhArmika dRSTi se nAstikoM, ekAMtavAdiyoM aura kudarzaniyoM ko bhI mRSAbhASI batAyA gayA hai| aise vacana sva aura para ke lie ahitakara hote haiN| ataH saMtajana aura satpuruSa asatya kA kadApi sevana nahIM karate, kyoMki asatya vacana para pIr3AkAraka hote haiM aura pIr3Ajanaka vacana, tathya hone para bhI satya nahIM kahalAte haiN| isa Ava dvAra ke aMtargata mRSAvAda ke 30 nAmoM kA ullekha karane ke sAtha mRSAvAdI kA pUrNa paricaya dete hue krodha, lobhI, bhayagrasta, hAsyavaza jhUTha bolane vAle, cora, bhATa, juArI, veSadhArI mAyAvI, avaidha mApa-taula karane vAle, svarNakAra, vastrakAra, cugalakhora, dalAla, lobhI, svArthI Adi ke asatya bolane kA varNana hai| inake atirikta isameM aneka viSayoM kA varNana hai, yathA- mRSAvAda ke cAra kAraNa, mRSAvAdI nAstika vAdiyoM ke mata kA nirUpaNa, zUnyavAda, skaMdhavAda ke antargata rUpa, vedanA, vijJAna, saMjJA aura saMskAra varNana | vAyujIva vAda asadbhAvavAdI mata, prajApati kA sRSTi sarjana, Izvara sRSTi, ekAtmavAda, akartRtvavAda, yadRcchAvAda, svabhAvavAda, vidhivAda, niyativAda, puruSArthavAda, kAlavAda kA nirUpaNa / jhUThA doSAropaNa karane vAle nindakoM, pApa kA parAmarza dene vAle jIvaghAtaka hiMsakoM ke upadeza - Adeza, yuddhAdi ke upadeza- Adeza rUpa mRSAvAda kA savistAra vivecana huA hai tatpazcAt mRSAvAda ke bhayAnaka phala kA digdarzana karAte hue batAyA hai ki isakA phalavipAka sukha varjita aura duHkha bahula hai, pracura karma rUpI raja se bharA huA hai, mahAbhaMyakara, duHkhakara, apayazakara, dAruNa aura kaThora hai| vairakara, arati, rati, rAga--- dveSa va mAnasika saMkleza utpanna karAne vAlA hai| yaha adhogati meM nipAta va janma-maraNa kA kAraNa hai| yaha ciraparicita evaM anugata haiM, ataH isakA aMta kaThinatA se evaM pariNAma duHkhamaya hI hotA hai| aMta meM upasaMhAra karate hue sUtrakAra ne kathana kiyA hai ki isa alIka vacana ko jo tucchAtmA, ati nIca evaM capala hote haiM. ve hI bolate haiM, jisakA phala vipAka jIva palyopama evaM sAgaropama pramANa kAla taka bhogatA
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________________ 228 hai tabhI jAkara chuTakArA pAtA hai| tRtIya adhyayana -- tRtItha Asrava dvAra 'adattAdAna' mRSAvAda aura adattAdAna meM ghaniSTha saMbaMdha honA nirUpita karate hue tIsare Asrava dvAra ke rUpa meM sUtrakAra ne tRtIya adhyayana meM adattAdAna kA varNana kiyA hai| sarvaprathama adattAdAna ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karate hue sUtrakAra pharamAte haiM ki corI ciMtA evaM bhaya kI jananI tathA saMtajanoM dvArA vinindita hai| yaha cauryakarma parakIya padArtha kA haraNa rUpa hai, hRdaya ko jalAne vAlA, maraNa bhaya rUpa, kaluSita, malina, lobha kA mUla, adhogati kI ora le jAne vAlA, anArya puruSoM dvArA Acarita hai| yaha karuNAhIna kRtya hai| yaha bhedakAraka, aprItikAraka, rAgadveSa kI bahulatA vAlA, pazcAttApa kA kAraNa durgati meM le jAne evaM bhavabhramaNa karAne vAlA hai| yaha cira-paricita kI taraha AtmA ke sAtha lagA huA hai aura aMta meM isakA pariNAma atyaMta duHkhadAyI hai / jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka isake bAda adattAdAna ke 30 nAmoM kA nirUpaNa, caurya karma ke vividha prakAra, paradhana meM lubdha rAjAoM ke AkramaNa va saMgrAma kA varNana hai| 'jahA lAho tahA loho, lAhA loho pavaDDhaI' kI ukti ke anusAra atyadhika lAlasA vAle rAjAoM dvArA yuddha ke lie zastra sajjA, yuddha sthala kI bIbhatsatA kA nirUpaNa, corI ke upakaraNoM aura 18 prakAra ke caurya prakAroM, choTe-bar3e sabhI taraha ke coroM- vanavAsI cora, samudrI DAke DAlane vAle, grAmAdi lUTane vAle, taskarI kA kArya karane vAle Adi kA varNana hai| phira corI ke aparAdha meM diye jAne vAle kaThora daNDa- tAr3ana, tarjana, chedana bhedana, aMga troTana, baMdhana, kArAvAsa evaM baMdIgRha meM hone vAle duHkha, coroM ko dI jAne vAlI bhISaNa yAtanAoM Adi kA savistAra ullekha hai / adattagrAhI corI kA pApa aura paraloka meM durgati kI paramparA nirUpita hai| jIva jJAnAvaraNAdi aSTavidha karmoM se baMdha dazA ko prApta kara saMsAra sAgara meM rahate haiM, ata: saMsAra sAgara ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa hai| kisa prakAra ke adattagrAhI coroM ko kisa prakAra ke phala milate haiM Adi viSaya-biMduoM ke mAdhyama se vipula sAmagrI kA vistAra se isa adhyayana meM samAveza kiyA gayA hai| upasaMhAra ke antargata batAyA gayA hai ki yaha adattAdAna alparUpeNa sukhajanaka evaM bhayaMkara se bhayaMkara duHkha pradAtA, bar3A bhISaNa aura kaThora tathA asAtAvedanIya karma svarUpa hai| sAtha hI para-dhana- apaharaNa, dahana, mRtyu, bhaya, malinatA, trAsa evaM lobha kA mUla hai, jo cirakAla se prANiyoM ke sAtha lagA huA hai evaM isakA phala vipAkaM atyaMta kaTuka hone se isakA aMta atyanta kaThinAI se arthAt palyopama va sAgaropama pramANa-kAla meM hone kA kathana sUtrakAra dvArA kiyA gayA hai|
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________________ caturtha adhyayana- caturtha Asava dvAra 'abrahma' cauthe Arava dvAra abrahmacarya kI prarUpaNA karate hue bhagavAna ne usakA svarUpa pharamAyA hai ki yaha saMsArastha prANiyoM dvArA prArthanIya, kamanIya evaM icchita hai jo prANiyoM ko phaMsAne ke lie kIcar3a sadRza, phisalana yukta, bAMdhane ke lie pAza evaM phaMsAne ke lie jAla sadRza hai| jo tIna vedarUpa cihna yukta, tapa-saMyama-brahmacarya evaM cAritra kA vighAtaka, pramAda kA mUla, ninditoM dvArA sevanIya, sajjanoM-pApaviratoM dvArA tyAjya, tInoM lokoM meM avasthiti, jarA-maraNa, roga-zoka kI bahulatA. vadha---baMdha vighAta dvArA bhI jisakA aMta nahIM, moha kA mUla kAraNa, ciraparicita , anugata evaM duranta hai, jisakA phala atyaMta hI du:khaprada hotA hai| isake atirikta abrahma ke 30 guNaniSpanna nAma evaM lakSaNa, moha mugdhamati deva-devI, cakravartI ke viziSTa bhoga, yathA... rAjya vistAra, vizeSaNa, zubha lakSaNa, Rddhi, nidhiyA~, ratna Adi kA nirUpaNa, baladeva vAsudeva ke bhoga, mANDalika rAjAoM ke bhoga, yugalikoM Adi akarma bhUmija 32 lakSaNa yukta manuSyoM ke bhoga, evaM manuSyiNiyoM kI zarIra sampadA Adi anupama apAra bhoga sAmagrI ko dIrghakAla taka bhoga kara bhI binA tRpti ke kAla kavalita ho jAne, maithunAsakti ke kAraNa hue aneka janakSayakArI yuddhoM kA ullekha, parastrI meM lubdha jIvoM kI durdazA, abrahmacarya kA duSpariNAma Adi vividha viSayoM kA isake aMtargata atyaMta mArmika evaM talasparzI vistRta nitraNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| jo bhavya jIvoM ke lie ciMtanIya evaM mananIya hai| aMta meM isa dvAra kA isa loka aura paraloka saMbaMdhI vipAka kA kathana karate hue ullekha kiyA gayA hai ki yaha alpa sukha evaM bahu du:kha vAlA, atyaMta bhayaMkara, pAparaja se saMyukta, bar3A hI dAruNa evaM kaThora, asAtAjanaka, anugata, duranta aura nAnA prakAra ke du:khoM kA dAtA hai. jisakA phala bhoge binA chuTakArA nahIM hai| isa para vijaya ke lie utkaTa sAdhanA kI AvazyakatA hai| paMcama adhyayana-paMcama Asrava dvAra 'parigraha' isake aMtargata cala, acala tathA mizra parigraha ke svarUpa ko vistAra se prakaTa karate hue vRkSa ke rUpaka ke mAdhyama se varNana kiyA hai| isameM batAyA hai ki vividha prakAra kI maNiyoM, ratnoM, svarNAbhUSaNoM Adi acetana; hAthI, azva, dAsa, dAsI, naukara, cAkara Adi cetana: ratha pAlakI Adi savAriyA~, grAma nagarAdi se yukta sampUrNa bharatakSetra kA yahA~ taka ki sampUrNa pRthvI ke akhaNDa sAmrAjya kA upabhoga kara lene para bhI tRSNA zAMta nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki "lAbha lobha kA varddhaka hai'' ata: parigraha kI vRddhi karake jo saMtoSa
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________________ jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAraka prAta karanA cAhate haiM ve Aga meM ghI DAlakara use bujhAne ke sadRza asaphala prayAsa karate haiN| saMtoSa-prApti kA ekamAtra upAya hai-zauca , nirlobhatA va muni dharma kA aacrnn| jo saMtoSavRtti ko puSTa kara tRSNA, lobha, lAlasA se virata ho jAte haiM, ve hI parigraha rUpa rAkSasa se mukti pA sakate haiN| aisA parigraha svarUpa sUtra meM prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| isake pazcAt isameM parigraha ke 30 guNa niSpanna nAma hai| parigraha ke pAza meM baMdhane vAle devagaNa, manuSya, cakravartI, vAsudeva , baladeva, mAMDalika, talavara, zreSThi, senApati Adi kA varNana hai| parigraha vRddhi ke lie hI puruSa dvArA 72 va mahilAoM dvArA 64 kalA kA zikSaNa prApta kiyA jAtA hai| isI ke lie hiMsA, jhUTa, corI Adi duSkarma tathA bhUkha, pyAsa. bandhana, apamAna Adi saMkleza sahe jAte haiN| parigraha kevala saMkleza kA kAraNa hI nahIM apitu "savvadukkha saMnilayaNaM'' arthAt samasta du:khoM kA ghara hai! ukta binduoM ke antargata parigraha kA vistRta varNana prastuta kiyA gayA hai| aMta meM "parigraha pApa kA kaTu phala" ke aMtargata prakaTa kiyA hai ki parigraha meM Asakta prANI paraloka aura isa loka meM naSTa-bhraSTa hote haiM, ajJAna aMdhakAra meM praviSTa hote haiM, tIvra mohanIya karma ke udaya se lobha ke vaza meM par3e hue prANI trasa, sthAvara, sUkSma, bAdara, paryAptaka va aparyAptaka avasthAoM vAle cAra gati rUpa bhava kAnana meM paribhramaNa karate haiN| isakA phala vipAka, alpasukha va bahudu:kha vAlA, mahAn bhaya se paripUrNa, gAr3he karmabaMdha kA kAraNa, dAraNa, kaThora, asAtA kA hetu aura mokSa mArga rUpa nirlobhatA ke lie argalA sadRza hai| isakA phala bhoge binA chuTakArA nahIM hotA hai| Asrava dvAra kA upasaMhAra- isakA upasaMhAra aMtima 5 gAthAoM meM nirUpita hai jisakA bhAva isa prakAra hai- "ina pA~coM AsravoM ke nimitta se jIva prati samaya karma rUpI raja kA saMcaya karake cAra gati rUpa saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karate rahate haiN| jo puNya hIna prANI dharma kA zravaNa nahIM karate tathA zravaNa karake bhI AcaraNa meM pramAda karate haiM, ve anaMta kAla taka janma.....maraNa karate rheNge| aisA bhagavAna ne pharamAyA hai|'' dvitIya zruta-skaMdha prathama adhyayana prathama saMvara dvAra 'ahiMsA' / isa adhyayana ke antargata sarvaprathama saMvara dvAroM ko mahimA kA varNana hai| isameM batAyA hai ki ye vrata samasta loka hitakArI, tapa aura saMyama rUpa haiM, jinameM zIla va uttama guNa rahe hue haiN| ye mukti pradAtA, sabhI tIrthakaroM dvArA upadiSTa, karma raja ke vidAraka, janma-maraNa ke aMtakartA, du:khoM se bacAne va sukhoM meM pravRtta karane vAle, kAyaroM ke lie dustara, satpuruSoM dvArA sevita haiM tathA mokSa ke mArga haiN|
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________________ |praznavyAkaraNa sUtra... 231] isake pazcAt isa saMvara dvAra meM ahiMsA ko prathama dharma batAte hue kahA hai ki yaha deva, manuSya aura asurAdi lokoM meM dopa ke samAna prakAzaka aura sabakI zaraNa evaM AdhArabhUta hai| ahiMsA ke guNa niSpanna sATha nAmoM kA ullekha karane ke sAtha ise jIva mAtra ke lie kSemaMkarI batAyA hai, kyoMki ahiMsA bhagavatI aparimita jJAnI-triloka pUjya tIrthakaroM dvArA sudRSTa, avadhi jJAniyoM dvArA jJAta, pUrvadhAriyoM dvArA paThita, jJAna-tapa-labdhidhara sAdhakoM dvArA anupAlina aura upadiSTa hai| isI ke sAtha prakaTa kiyA hai ki isake rakSaNa hetu AhAra zuddhi paramAvazyaka hai| ata: gRhIta AhAra nirdoSa vidhipUrvaka navakoTi parizuddha, udgama utpAdana va eSaNA doSa se rahita honA caahie| ahiMsA vrata ko rakSArtha 5 bhAvanAoM kA varNana bhI upalabdha hai| isake aMtargata IryA samiti, mara: samiti, bhASA samiti, eSaNA samiti aura AdAna-nikSepaNA samiti ke pAlana evaM 'dhiimayA maimayA' arthAt dhairya aura viveka kA pAlana ahisA sAdhanA ke lie paramAvazyaka hone kA sUtrakAra dvArA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| adhyayana kA upasaMhAra karate hue sUtrakAra pharamAte haiM ki isa saMvara dvAra ko pratyeka munijana ko upayoga pUrvaka pA~ca bhAvanAoM sahita jIvana paryanta pAlana karanA caahie| pAlana meM yadi parISaha aura upasarga AyeM to dhairyapUrvaka saha lenA cAhie, kyoMki yaha navIna karmoM ke Asrava ko rokatA hai| arhanta bhagavaMtoM ne svayaM ise jIvana meM utAra kara hI sAdhaka ko dhAraNa karane, sevana karane kA upadeza diyA hai| bha. mahAvIra ne isakI prazaMsA kI hai tathA deva, mAnuSAdi kI pariSadA meM dezanA kI hai ata: yaha dharma dvAra pramANa pratiSThita hai aura maMgalamaya hai| dvitIya adhyayana-dvitIya saMvara dvAra "satya' isa adhyayana meM sarvaprathama satya ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karate hue satya kI mahimA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isake antargata sadoSa satya kA tyAga aura bolane yogya vacanoM kA svarUpa pradarzita kiyA gayA hai| satya sabhI ke lie hitakara, mitakara, vratarUpa aura sarvajJoM dvArA dekhA aura parakhA gayA hone se zaMkA rahita hai| satyasevI hI saccA tapasvI hai, ise svarga va apavarga kA mArga kahA hai| ghora saMkaTa meM par3e hue manuSya kI 'satya' devatA kI taraha rakSA karatA hai| satyaniSTha ko Aga jalA nahIM sakatI, na vaha samudra meM DUbatA hai| vaha bhISaNa vipattiyoM se bhI sahaja meM ho chuTakArA pA letA hai| satya sabhI ke lie arcanIya, pUjanIya, ArAdhanIya mAnA gayA hai| satya ko mahAsAgara se bhI adhika gaMbhIra, merU se adhika sthira, candra se adhika saumya evaM nirmala, sUrya se adhika tejapuMja upamita kiyA hai| varjanIya satya ke bhI 11 rUpa pradarzita kiye haiN| sUtra meM 10 prakAra ke satya, 12 prakAra kI bhASA aura solaha prakAra ke vacanoM kA aMkana hai| satya dharma ke rakSaNArtha bhI 5 bhAvanAoM anuvIci bhASA (akrodha yA krodhanigraha, nirlobhatA, nirbhayatA
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________________ 1232... ..... jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAdaka athavA dhairya aura mauna bhAvanA (hAsya tyAga) kA nirUpaNa upalabdha hai| isa satya mahAvrata ko jo munijana ukta pA~ca bhAvanAoM sahita pAlate haiM unake azubha adhyavasAya raka jAte haiM va navIna karmoM kA baMdha nahIM hotA hai| yaha maMgalamaya, nirdoSa aura bAdhA rahita hai, ata: ise dhAraNa kara pratyeka manuSya ko apanA jIvana saphala banAnA caahie| tRtIya adhyayana-tRtIya saMvara dvAra 'acaurya' prastuta adhyayana meM tRtIya saMvara dvAra kA nirUpaNa karate hue asteya kA svarUpa prakaTa kiyA hai| isake aMtargata batAyA hai ki jIvana paryanta tRNa jaise tuccha padArtha ko bhI binA pUche grahaNa na karanA eka mahatI sAdhanA hai| isa vrata ke prabhAva se mana atyaMta saMyamazIla bana jAtA hai, paradhana grahaNa kI pravRtti samApta ho jAtI hai| jJAnI bhagavaMtoM ne ise upAdeya kahA hai| yaha Asrava-nirodha kA hetu evaM nirbhayatA-pradAtA hai| ise sAdhujanoM kA dharmAcaraNa mAnA hai| aneka guNoM kA janaka hone se isake dhAraNa va pAlana se isa loka aura paraloka meM upakAra hone kA graMthakAra dvArA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| __ isI ke sAtha asteya ke ArAdhaka kauna nahIM, kA paricaya dete hue tapa:stena, vacaHstena , rUpastena, AcArastena, bhAvastena kA ullekha kiyA hai, sAtha hI asteya kA ArAdhaka kauna, ke aMtargata banAyA hai ki jo vastra, pAtrAdi, dharmopakaraNa, AhAra-pAnI Adi ke saMgrahaNa va saMvibhAga meM kuzala ho jo bAla, rugNa, vRddha, tapasvI, pravartaka, AcArya, upAdhyAya, sAdha, kula, gaNa va saMgha kI prasannatA ke lie 10 prakAra kI sevA karane vAlA ho va nirjarA kA abhilASI ho tathA niSiddha AcaraNoM se sadA dUra rahatA ho vaha asteya kA ArAdhaka hotA hai| isake pazcAt acauryavrata kI ArAdhanA kA phala evaM isake rakSaNArtha 5 bhAvanAoM-viviktavasati (nirdoSa upAzraya), anujJAta saMstAraka (nirdoSa saMstAraka), zayyA parikarmavarjana, anujJAta bhaktAdi, sAdharmika vinaya Adi kA vistArapUrvaka varNana upalabdha hai| isa dharma dvAra ko jo munijana tIna karaNa, tIna yoga se jIvanaparyanta pAlate haiM unake azubha adhyavasAya ruka jAte hai, navIna karmoM kA baMdhana nahIM hotA, saMcita karmoM kI nirjarA hotI rahatI hai| samasta arihaMta bhagavaMtoM ne isakA pAlana kiyA haiN| ana : maMgalamaya hai! caturtha adhyayana--- caturtha saMvara dvAra 'brahmacarya' prastuta adhyayana meM sarvaprathama brahmacarya kI mahimA kA gAna evaM usake svarUpa kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| Arya sudharmA svAmI ne isakI mahattA ko prakaTa karate hue kathana kiyA hai ki brahmacarya tapoM, niyamo, jJAna--darzana-cAritra, samyaktva aura vinaya kA mUla hai| yaha himavAna parvata se bhI mahAna aura tejavAna hai, gaMbhIra hai . manuSya ke aMta:karaNa ko sthira karane vAlA, sAdhujanoM dvAra Asevita aura mokSa ka mArga hai, uttama guNoM vAlA va sukha rUpa hai, sarva
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________________ www praznavyAkaraNa sUtra 233 prakAra ke upadravoM se rahita, acala akSaya paTa pradAna karane vAlA, uttama muniyoM dvArA Acarita aura upadiSTa hai| kalyANa kA kAraNa, kumArAdi avasthAoM meM bhI vizuddha rUpa se ArAdhita va pAlita hai, zaMkA rahita hai| nirbhIkatA pradAtA. citta kI zAMti kA sthala aura avicala hai| tapa aura saMyama kA mUla AdhAra, pA~ca mahAvratoM meM vizeSa rUpa se mahattvapUrNa tathA pA~ca samiti-tIna gupti se rakSita hai| durgati ke mArga ko avaruddha karane evaM sadgati ke mArga ko prazasta karane vAlA aura loka meM unama batAyA gayA hai| isa vrata ko kamaloM se sazobhita tAlAba se upamita evaM pAla ke samAna dharma kI rakSA karane vAlA batAyA hai| vizAla vRkSa ke skaMdha ke samAna yaha dharma kA AdhAra rUpa evaM aneka nirmala guNoM se yukta hai| isake bhaMga hone para vinaya, zIla, tapa Adi guNoM kA samUha phUTe ghar3e kI taraha saMbhagna, ATe kI taraha cUrNa, tor3I huI lakar3I kI taraha khaNDita evaM agni dvArA jalakara bikhare kASTha ke samAna vinaSTa ho jAtA hai-- isa prakAra brahmacarya kA mAhAtmya prakaTa karate hue aMta meM 'vaha brahmacarya bhagavAna hai' isa prakAra guNa utkIrtana dvArA svayaM vItarAga bhagavaMtoM ne brahmacarya vrata ke mahimA maNDita hone kA prastuta sUtra meM ullekha kiyA hai| isI ke sAtha brahmacarya ArAdhanA kA phala, brahmacArI ke AcaraNIya aura anAcaraNIya kA nirUpaNa, brahmacarya-vighAtaka nimitta evaM brahmacaryarakSaka niyama ke varNana ke sAtha, brahmacarya rakSaka 5 bhAvanAoM yathAvivikta zayanAsana, svIkathA-varjana, strIrUpa-nirIkSaNa varjana, pUrvabhoga ciMtana-tyAga aura praNIta bhojana-varjana kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA gaNa hai| jo munijana isako tInoM yogoM se zuddhipUrvaka pA~ca bhAvanAoM sahita maraNa paryanta pAlate haiM unake azubha adhyavasAya ruka jAte haiM, navIna pApa karmoM kA baMdha baMda ho jAtA hai, saMcita kamoM kI nirjarA hone lagatI hai| samasta arihaMta bhagavaMtoM ne isakA pAlana kiyA hai, unhIM ke kathanAnusAra bha. mahAvIra ne bhI irAkA kathana kiyA hai| paMcama adhyayana-paMcama saMvara dvAra parigraha tyAga' / prastuta adhyayana meM sUtrakAra ne aparigrahI zramaNa kA svarUpa prakaTa karate hue kahA ki jo mU -mamatva bhAva se rahita hai, indriya saMvara aura kaSAya saMvara se yukta hai evaM AraMbha-parigraha tathA krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha se rahita hai vahI zramaNa hotA hai| jo jinezvara dvArA prarUpita zAzvata satya hai, usameM zaMkA-kAMkSA rahita hokara hiMsAdi se nivRtti karanI caahie| isI prakAra nidAna rahita hokara, abhimAna se dUra rahakara nirlobha hokara, mUr3hatA tyAga kara jo apane mana, vacana aura kAya ko saMvRta karatA huA zraddhA karatA hai vahI sAdhu hai| isa prakAra sAdhu kA svarUpa nirUpaNa karane ke pazcAna isa saMvara dvAra ko dharmavRkSa kA rUpaka diyA hai| isameM sAdhuoM ko khAdya padArthoM kA saMcaya kara
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________________ | 234 ..................: jinavANI jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGka nahIM rakhane kA nirdeza karate hue AhAra saMbaMdhI doSoM kA bhI nAmollekha kiyA gayA hai| kalpanIya bhikSA ke antargata nava koTi vizuddha AhAra grahaNa karane ke kAraNoM evaM upakaraNa Adi kI sajagatA kA nirdeza kiyA hai| nirgranthoM ke AMtarika svarUpa evaM nigraMthoM kI 31 upamAoM kA nirUpaNa bhI isameM kiyA gayA hai| aparigraha vrata ke rakSaNArtha 5 bhAvanAoM zrotrendriya saMyama, cakSurindriya saMyama, ghrANendriya saMyama. rasanendriya saMyama aura sparzanendriya saMyama kA savistAra varNana karate hue inake viSaya vikAroM se bacane kA nirdeza kiyA hai| aMta meM sUtrakAra ne kathana kiyA hai ki pA~coM indriyoM ke saMvara se sampanna aura mana, vacana, kAya se gupta hokara hI sAdhu ko dharma kA AcaraNa karanA caahie| saMvara dvAra kA upasaMhAra karate hue sUtrakAra ne pharamAyA hai ki jo sAdhu pUrvokta paccIsa bhAvanAoM aura jJAna, darzana se yukta, kaSAya aura indriya saMvara se saMvRtta, prApta saMyama-yoga kA prayatnapUrvaka pAlana aura aprApta saMyamayoga kI prApti ke lie prayatnazIla rahate hue sarvathA vizuddha zraddhAvAna hotA hai, vaha ina saMvaroM kI ArAdhanA karake mukta hotA hai| isa prakAra kI viSaya sAmagrI kA nirUpaNa praznavyAkaraNa sUtra ke aMtargata Arya sudharmA svAmI ne jambU svAmI ke samakSa prakaTa kiyA hai| - vyAkhyAtA, alIgar3ha, jilA-ToMka (rAja.)