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________________ paM0 bhagavAnadAsa jaina, zAstrI prAcIna vAstuzilpa 'vAstuzilpa' prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRti kA eka pradhAna aMga hai. isa viSaya ke aneka graMtha vidyamAna hone para bhI unakA adhyayana na hone se adhika pracAra nahIM ho sakA hai. prAcIna devAlayoM, rAjaprAsAdoM, durgoM, nagaroM, gAMvoM, kuvoM, vAvar3iyoM aura sarovara Adi kI manohara sundara AkRti dekhakara ke apanA mana praphullita ho jAtA hai. yahI prAcIna vAstuzilpa hai. jainAgamoM meM bhI cakravartiyoM aura devoM ke bhavanoM kA vistRta va suMdara varNana hai. inakoM banAne vAle ko 'sthapati' athavA 'sUtradhAra' kahA jAtA hai, jo Adhunika devAlaya aura makAna Adi ke banAne vAle, lakar3I ke kAma karane vAle bar3haI aura miTTI ke bartana Adi banAne vAle kumhAra Adi ke rUpa meM vidyamAna haiM. jainAgamoM meM cakravartI ke caudaha mahAratnoM meM eka vArdhikIratna bhI hotA hai. yaha sUtradhAra hai jo cakravartI kI icchAnusAra unake manapasaMda kI imArata zIghra hI taiyAra kara detA hai. isako 'vizvakarmA bhI kahA gayA hai. pracalita meM to devoM ke bhavana Adi banAne vAloM ko vizvakarmA kahate haiM. aise imAratI kAma karanevAle zilpiyoM kI vizvakarmA ke nAmakI dakSiNa deza meM eka jAti bhI vidyamAna hai, isalie vAstuzilpa ke kAma karanevAle ko vizvakarmA ke nAma se saMbodhana kiyA jAya to koI atizayokti nahIM hai. prANiyoM ke nivAsasthAna ko vAstu kahA gayA hai. usakI utpatti ke viSaya meM vAstuzilpa ke prAcIna 'aparAjita pRcchA' nAmaka bRhat graMtha meM likhA hai ki-aMdhakAsura kA vinAza karane ke liye mahAdevajI ko yuddha karanA par3A. isake parizrama se mahAdevajI ke kapAla se pasIne kA eka biMdu bhUmi ke Upara agnikuMDa meM girA. isase eka mahAkAya bhUta utpanna huA. use devoM ne auMdhA paTaka diyA aura usake Upara paiMtAlIsa deva car3ha baiThe aura rahane lage. ina devoM kA mahAkAya bhUta ke Upara nivAsa hone se usako vAstupuruSa mAnA gayA. isalie gRhAdi ke AraMbha meM aura samApti meM ina devoM kA pUjana pracalita huA jo vAstupUjana ke nAma se prasiddha hai. vAstuzilpa jAnane ke liye aparAjitapRcchA, samarAMgaNasUtradhAra, prAsAdamaMDana, zilparatnam, mayamatam aura parimANamaMjarI Adi aneka graMtha mudrita hue haiM. jaina vAstuzilpa ke 'vasthusArapayaraNa' aura 'jinasaMhitA' Adi mukhya graMtha haiM. vasArapayaraNa meM prathama sUkaraNa, dUsarA mUrtiprakaraNa aura tIsarA devAlayaprakaraNa hai. jinasaMhitA meM devAlaya aura mUrtinirmANa kA varNana hai. isameM prAsAda kI caudaha jAtiyoM meM se drAvir3a jAti ke prAsAda kA varNana hai. yaha dAkSiNAtya paddhati kA hone se sarvadezIya nahIM bana sakA. AcArya zrI vasunaMdI kRta pratiSThAsAra meM jo devAlaya nirmANa kA varNana hai, yaha nAgara jAti kA hone se sarvadezIya hai. mahala, makAna aura devAlaya nirmANa ke samaya prathama bhUmiparIkSaNa kiyA jAtA hai. vatthusArapayaraNa meM likhA hai : 'ditiga- bIappasavA cauraMsA'vammiNI aphuTTA cha / asallA bhU suhayA pusAgutaraMbuvA | mI bAhirI usarabhUmIi hapa zerakarI / aiphuTTA miccukarI dukkhakarI taha a sasallA / ' Hum... 4}}}}il
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________________ 670 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya jisa bhUmi meM bIja bone se tIna dina meM aMkura nikala jAya aisI samacaurasa, dImaka rahita, vinA phaTI huI aura zalya rahita, tathA pUrva, IzAna aura uttara dizA kI tarapha nIcI bhUmi makAnAdi banAne ke liye prazasta hai. dImaka vAlI bhUmi vyAdhikAraka hai. Usara bhUmi upadravakAraka hai. adhika phaTI huI bhUmi mRtyukAraka aura zalyavAlI bhUmi duHkha kAraka hai. kisI bhI prANI kI haDDI, bAla Adi bhUmi meM raha jAnA zalya mAnA hai. usakI zuddhi ke liye kama se kama tIna phuTa bhUmi gaharI khodanI cAhiye. zAstra meM likhA hai-'manuSya kI haDDI kA zalya raha jAya to makAna mAlika kI mRtyu ho. gadhe kI haDDI kA zalya raha jAya to rAjadaMDa bhoganA par3e. kutte kA zalya raha jAya to bAlaka jIve nahIM. bAlaka kA zalya raha jAya to usa makAna meM mAlika kA nivAsa nahIM ho, gau kA zalya raha jAya to dhana kA vinAza ho, ityAdi aneka doSa zAstra meM likhe haiM. isakI zuddhi ke liye samarAMgaNasUtradhAra vAstugraMtha meM likhA hai : 'jalAntaM prastarAntaM vA puruSAntamathApi vaa| kSetra saMzodhya coddha tya zalyaM sadanagArabhet / ' pAnI A jAya athavA pASANa A jAya vahA~ taka athavA eka puruSa pramANa bhUmi ko khoda karake koI zalya hove to nikAla denA cAhie tatpazcAt usa bhUmi ke Upara gRha banAnA cAhie. pIche jaise lar3ake-lar3akiyoM ke vivAha meM rAzi, gaNa, nAr3I Adi kA milAna kiyA jAtA hai vaise bhUmi kA kSetraphala, Aya, vyaya, rAzi, gaNa, nAr3I Adi gRhasvAmI ke sAtha milAye jAte haiM. usI ke anusAra acche zubha muhUrta meM caMdramA Adi kA bala dekha karake makAna taiyAra kiyA jAtA hai. dhana, mIna, mithuna aura kanyA ina sUrya kI rAziyoM meM kabhI bhI gRha kA AraMbha nahIM kiyA jAtA. gRhabhUmi kI laMbAI aura caur3AI kA guNAkAra karane se jo guNanaphala ho usako kSetraphala kahA jAtA hai. usako ATha se bhAga dene para jo zeSa bace vaha gRha kA 'Aya' hotA hai. kSetraphala ko phira ATha se guNA karake usameM sattAIsa se bhAga dene para jo zeSa bace vaha gRha kA 'nakSatra' hotA hai. jo nakSatra kI saMkhyA Ave usako ATha se bhAga dene se jo zeSa bace vaha 'vyaya' mAnA jAtA hai. Aya ke aMka se vyaya kara aMka kama ho to vaha ghara lakSmIprada mAnA hai. zAlA, alida (tivArA), dIvAra, staMbha, maMDapa, jAlI aura gavAkSa Adi ke bhedoM se aneka prakAra ke gRha banAye jAte haiM. zAstra meM gRhoM ke solaha hajAra tIna sau caurAsI bheda batalAye haiM. . gRha ke cAroM dizAoM ke dvAroM ke nAma alaga-alaga hai-pUrva dizA ke dvAra kA nAma vijayadvAra, dakSiNa dizA ke dvAra kA nAma yamadvAra, pazcima dizA ke dvAra kA nAma makaradvAra aura uttara dizA ke dvAra kA nAma kubera dvAra hai. inameM se apanI icchAnusAra banA sakate haiM. gRha kA sthAna-vibhAga bhI batalAyA gayA hai--gRha kA jisa dizA meM dvAra ho usako pUrva dizA mAna karake vibhAga banAte haiM-dvAravAlI pUrva dizA meM jJAnazAlA, agnikone meM bhojana banAne kA sthAna, dakSiNa dizA meM zayana-gRha, naiRtyakone meM nihAra (zauca) sthAna, pazcima dizA meM bhojana karane kA sthAna, vAyu kone meM Ayudha rakhane kA sthAna, uttara meM dhana rakhane kA sthAna aura IzAna kone meM dharmasthAna rakhA jAtA hai. gRha ke prathama maMjila taka kI U~cAI pA~ca se sAta hAtha' taka rakhanA likhA hai. gRha kA vistAra jitane hAtha kA hove, usa saMkhyAtulya aMgula meM sATha aMgula milAne se jitanI saMkhyA Ae utane aMgula parimita dvAra kI U~cAI rakheM aura U~cAI se AdhI caur3AI rakheM. caur3AI kucha bar3hAnA cAhe to U~cAI kA solahavAM bhAga caur3AI meM milA sakate haiM. gRha ke saba dvAra, gavAkSa aura jAlI Adi kA mathAlA barAbara rakhA jAtA hai. 1. prAcIna samaya meM aMgula aura hAtha se nApane kI praNAlI thI, aMgrejI rAjya hone ke bAda iMca phuTa aura gaja Adi senApane ko praNAlI huI. isaliye Adhunika gRra banAne vAle zilpI aMgula ko eka iMca aura hAtha ko do phuTa mAna karake kArya karate haiM. Rainy brary.org Jain datinational
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________________ paM. bhagavAnadAsa jaina : prAcIna vAstuzilpa : 671 gRha meM praveza karane ke cAra prakAra batalAye haiM : 1. gRha kA dvAra aura prathama praveza dvAra, ye donoM eka hI dizA meM barAbara sAmane hoM to usako 'utsaMga' nAmakA praveza mAnA hai. yaha saubhAgyakAraka, prajAvRddhikAraka aura dhanadhAnya kA vRddhikAraka hai. 2. praveza dvAra se praviSTa hone ke bAda bA~yI ora ho karake mukhya gRha meM praveza ho to vaha 'hIna bAhu' nAma kA praveza mAnA hai. yaha svalpa dhana vAlA, svalpa mitra vAlA aura rogakAraka mAnA hai. 3. praveza dvAra se praviSTa hone ke bAda dAhinI ora hokara ke mukhya gRha meM praveza honA 'pUrNa bAhu' praveza mAnA hai. yaha dhana-dhAnya kI aura putrapautra kA vRddhi kAraka hai. 4. prathama gRha ke pIche kI dIvAra ko dekha karake pIche praveza hove yaha 'pratyakSAya' nAma kA praveza mAnA hai, yaha sarvathA niMdanIya hai. gRha kI U~cAI cAroM dizAoM meM barAbara rakhanA cAhie. yadi Age ke bhAga meM gRha U~cA ho aura tInoM dizAoM meM nIcA ho to vaha gRha dhana kA hAnikAraka hotA hai. dAhinI ora U~cA ho to dhana samRddhi bar3hAne vAlA mAnA hai. pIche ke bhAgameM U~cA ho to samRddhi bar3hAne vAlA hai aura bA~yI aura U~cA ho to vaha gRha zUnya rahatA hai. gRha meM mukhya sAta prakAra ke vedha batalAye haiM--jaise : 'talaveha koNaveha tAluyavehaM kabAlavehaM ca / / taha thaMbha tulAvahaM duvAravehaM ca satamayaM / ' talavedha, koNavedha, tAluvedha, kapAlavedha, staMbhavedha, tulAvedha aura dvAravedha-ye sAta prakAra ke bedha hai. 1. gRha kI bhUmi sama viSama UMcI nIcI ho, dvAra ke sAmane ghAnI, arahaTa, kolhU Adi ho aura dUsare ke makAna kA pAnI kA paranAlA athavA rAstA ho to yaha talavedha mAnA jAtA hai. 2. makAna ke cAroM kone samAnAntara na hoM Age pIche hoM to vaha koNavedha hai. 3. makAna ke eka hI khaMDa meM Upara kI chata kI paTTiyA~ U~cI nIcI hoM to yaha tAluvedha mAnA hai. 4. dvAra ke otaraMga ke madhya bhAga meM pATa Ave to usako kapAlavedha kahate haiM. 5. gRha ke madhya bhAga meM eka staMbha ho athavA agni aura pAnI kA sthAna ho to yaha hRdayazalya athavA staMbha vedha kahA jAtA hai. 6. makAna ke nIce ke aura Upara ke maMjila ke paTiyA nyUnAdhika hoM to yaha tulAvedha mAnA hai. 7. makAna ke daravAje ke sAmane koI vRkSa, kuA~, staMbha, konA aura kIla Adi ho to yaha dvAravedha kahA jAtA hai. paratu makAna kI U~cAI se dugunI bhUmi chor3a karake uparyukta koI vedha ho to doSa nahIM mAnA jAtA. ina vedhoM kA phala vAstuzAstra vatthusArapayaraNa meM isa prakAra likhA hai 'talavehi kuTTharogA havaMti ucceya koNavehammi / tAluyabeheNa bhayaM kulakkhayaM thaMbhaveheNa / kApAlu tulAvehe dhaNanAso havai rorabhAvo / ia vehaphalaM nAuM suddhaM gehaM kareavvaM / ' talavedha se kuSTharoga, koNa vedha se uccATana, tAluvedha se bhaya, staMbha ke vedha se kulakSaya, kapAla aura tulAvedha se dhana kA vinAza aura daridra bhAva hotA hai. yaha bhI batalAyA gayA hai-dUsare ke makAna meM jAne ke liye apane makAna meM se rAstA ho to vinAzakAraka hai. vRkSa kA vedha ho to saMtAta kI vRddhi na ho. kIcar3a kA vedha ho to zoka huA karatA hai. paranAle kA vedha ho dhana kA vinAza Ah Jain Educa
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________________ 602 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya hotA hai. kuoM kA vedha ho to apasmAra roga ho. ziva, sUrya Adi kisI deva kA vedha ho to gRhasvAmI kA vinAza hotA hai. staMbha kA vedha ho to strI ko kaSTadAyaka rahe. brahmA ke sAmane dvAra ho to kula kA vinAza ho. gRha ke samIpa kAMTevAle vRkSa hoM to zatru kA bhaya rahatA hai. dUdhavAle vRkSa hoM to lakSmI kA vinAza hotA hai aura phalavAle vRkSa hone se saMtAna vRddhi nahIM hotI. yaha bRhatsaMhitA graMtha meM kahA hai. makAna meM bijorA, kelA, dADima, nIMbU, amarUda, imalI, babbUla bera, aura pIle phUla vAle vRkSa ityAdi vRkSa nahIM bone makAna meM yoginiyoM ke nATyArambha, mahAbhArata, rAmAyaNa, rAjAoM ke yuddha, RSiyoM aura devoM ke caritra saMbaMdhI citra kAdi mAMgalika cihna aura acche svapnoM kI paMkti Adi ke citra banAnA cAhie. uparyukta jo vedha Adi saMbandhI doSa batalAte haiM ve donoM ke bIca meM dIvAra athavA rAste kA antara hone para doSa nahIM rahate. jisa makAna kA dvAra banda karane ke bAda apane Apa khula jAya athavA kholane ke bAda apane Apa baMda ho jAya to vaha azubha mAnA gayA hai. yahA~ vAstuzilpa kalA ke AdhAra para gRha sambandhI kucha guNa doSa batalAye haiM. yaha bhAratIya prAcIna saMskRti hai. Adhunika samaya meM zilpiyoM ko isakA abhyAsa nahIM hone se navIna paddhati se makAna banAne lage haiM. unameM doSoM kI saMbhAvanA hone se ve unnatikAraka nahIM ho sakate, yaha prAcIna zilpavidhAna kA abhimata hai.