Population Of Jains In India

Author(s): Dheeraj Jain
Publisher: Dheeraj Jain
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/151006/1

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POPULATION OF JAINS IN INDIA (bhArata meM jaino kI AbAdI) jaya jinendra Fo Dheeraj Jain djain.rgi@gmail.com, 9868449890 (The views expressed are personal.)

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G O * . POPULATION CENSUS (janagaNanA) In India, Census is the only source of reliable and authentic information on population and its demographic characteristics. Ever since its inception in 1881, the Census of India has been collecting and publishing information about the data on religion, followed by people of India and as reported by them. The religion data, made available by Census, reflects the social composition and dynamics of the society at a particular point of time. The data for Census 2011 was collected in the entire country in February 2011. The individual response to the question on religion were recorded in question no. 7 in an numeric form for each member independently. Q.7 Religion (Write name of the religion in full) Also give code in box if found in the list below For other religions, write name of the religion in full but do not give any code number Q.7 Religion Hindu Muslim Christian Sikh Buddhist Jain 1 .2 3 4 5 ..6

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COMMUNITY-WISE POPULATION India Hindu Muslim Christian Sikh Buddhists Jains Others Total population 121,08,54,977 96,62,57,353 17,22,45,158 2,78,19,588 2,08,33,116 84,42,972 44,51,753 1,08,05,037 % 100 79.80 14.23 2.30 1.72 0.70 0.37 0.89 Jains are smallest religious community in India in terms of population.

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STATE-WISE POPULATION OF JAINS -2011 (Toyar Go GiG-2011) SI. No. State India 1 Maharashtra 2 Rajasthan 3 Gujarat Madhya Pradesh Karnataka Uttar Pradesh 7 NCT of Delhi 8 Tamil Nadu 9 Chhattisgarh 10 West Bengal 11 Andhra Pradesh Haryana 13 Punjab 14 Assam 15 Bihar 16 Jharkhand 17 Odisha 18 Uttarakhand Total 1 % 44,51,753 100.00 14,00,349 31.46 6,22,023 13.97 5,79,654 13.02 5,67,028 12.74 4,40,280 9.89 2,13,267 4.79 1,66,231 3.73 89,265 2.01 61,510 1.38 60,141 1.35 53,849 1.21 52,613 1.18 45,040 1.01 25,949 0.58 18,914 0.42 14,974 0.34 9,420 0.21 9,183 0.21 19 Kerala 20 Nagaland 21 J&K 22 Chandigarh 23 Himachal Pradesh 24 Manipur 25 Puducherry 26 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 27 Goa 28 Tripura 29 Arunachal Pradesh 30 Meghalaya 31 Mizoram 32 Sikkim 33 Daman & Diu 34 A & N Islands 35 Lakshadweep 4,489 0.10 2,655 0.06 2.490) 0.06 1,960 0.04 1,805 0.04 1,692 0.04 | 1,400 0.03 1,186 0.03 1,109 0.02 860 0.02 771 0.02 627 0.01 376 0.01 314 0.01 1 287 0.01 31 0.00 11 0.00 I

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Statewise Distribution of Jain Population (in %) Karnataka 10% Uttar Pradesh 5% Madhya Pradesh 13% NCT of Delhi Tamil Nadu 2% - Chhattisgarh 1% Gujarat 13% West Bengal 1% Andhra Pradesh 1% Haryana 1% L Punjab 1% LOthers Rajasthan 14% 2% Maharashtra 32%

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DISTRICT WITH MAJOR CONCENTRATION OF JAINS ( sabase jyAdA jaina AbAdI vAle jile) Districts with more than 1 lakh population 1 Mumbai Suburban 3,43,639 2 2,09,287 3 1,78,310 4 5 6 7 Pune 8 Surat These 8 districts together have 1/3rd of Jains in India. Ahmadabad Belgaum Thane Mumbai Kolhapur 1,72,052 1,66,000 1,54,882 1,27,786 1,12,835 >=50,000 and less than 1 lakh 1 Sangli Bangalore 2 3 Jaipur 4 Udaipur 5 Indore 6 Sagar 7 Chennai 87,453 83,090 81,079 78,647 71,667 62,992 51,708 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 >=25,000 and < 50,000 East Delhi Ajmer North West Delhi Ahmadnagar Nashik Jodhpur Bhilwara Barmer Jabalpur Rajkot Aurangabad Bikaner Ratlam 13 14 15 Solapur 16 Dharwad Vadodara Jalgaon Bhavnagar Bhopal Chittaurgarh 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Damoh Kota Kachchh Bagalkot 46,927 45,614 43,460 38,718 38,212 36,697 35,149 34,010 33,728 33,591 30,981 30,850 29,353 29,037 28,134 27,650 27,404 26,974 25,950 25,843 25,742 25,312 25,198 25,005

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TRENDS/SIG (%): 1961-2011 Year Hindu Muslim Christian Buddhist Jain 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 83.45 82.73 82.64 82.00 80.46 79.80 10.69 11.21 11.35 12.12 13.43 14.23 2.44 2.60 2.43 2.34 2.34 2.30 Sikh 1.79 1.89 1.97 1.94 1.87 1.72 0.74 0.70 0.71 0.76 0.77 0.70 0.46 0.48 0.48 0.40 0.41 0.37 Jains 0.46 0.48 0.48 0.40 0.41 0.37 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

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DECADAL GROWTH RATE (IN %): 1961-2011 dazakIya vRddhi dara (%) : 1961-2011 Decade India 1961-1971 24.75 1971-1981 21.41 1981-1991 26.05 1991-2001 22.66 2001-2011 17.72 Buddh ists 30.84 32.58 32.28 17.08 28.48 22.95 13.65 26.01 23.8 23.09 34.54 21.5 24.33 35.33 4.57 36.02 22.61 18.18 24.54 26.02 24.65 15.53 8.42 6.13 5.37 Hindu Muslim Christian Sikh 23.67 21.29 25.08 20.35 16.76 Jains

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DECADAL GROWTH RATE (IN %): 1961-2011 1961-1971 India 1971-1981 Hindu Muslim 1981-1991 Christian 1991-2001 Sikh Buddhists 2001-2011 - Jains -

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2001-2011 : STATE-WISE GROWTH 2,011 / 2,001 Variation INDIA 44,51,753 42,25,053 2,26,700 MAHARASHTRA 14,00,349 13,01,843 98,506 RAJASTHAN 16,22,023 6,50,493 | -28,470 GUJARAT 5,79,654 5 ,25,305 54,349 MADHYA PRADESH 5,67,028 5,45,446 21,582 KARNATAKA 4,40,280 4,12,659 27,621 UTTAR PRADESH 2.13,267 2,07,111 6,156 INCT OF DELHI 1,66,231 1,55,122 11.109 TAMIL NADU 1 89,265 83,359 5,906 CHHATTISGARH 1 61,510 56,103 5,407 WEST BENGAL 1 60,141 55,223 14,918 ANDHRA PRADESH 1 53,849 41,846 12,003 HARYANA 52,613 57,167 -4,554 PUNJAB 45,040 39,276 5,764 ASSAM 1 25.949 23,957 1.992 BIHAR 1 18,914 16,085 2,829 UJHARKHAND 1 14,974 16,301 -1,327 ODISHA 9,420 9,154 266 UTTARAKHAND 9,183 9,249 -66 % 5.4 7.6 -4.4 10.3 4.0 6.7 3.0 7.2 7.1 9.6 8.9 28.7 -8.0 14.7 8.3 17.6 - 8.1 2.9 -0.7

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LITERACY (HTTST) *Jains have the highest literacy rate amongst all communities. *This holds good for male as well as female. *Out of the 36 States/UTS, Jains have literacy rate of more than 95% in 17 States/UTs and *between 90-95% in 11 States/UTS. *However, as a whole, it has gone down since 2001 wherein it was 97.41%. India Hindu Muslim Christian Sikh Buddhists Jains Total Male Female 72.98 80.88 64.63 73.27 81.70 64.34 68.54 74.73 62.04 84.53 87.70 81.47 75.39 81.29 80.03 88.31 70.31 74.04 94.88 96.78 92.91

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India 72.98 80.88 64.63 73.27 Hindu 81.7 64.34 68.54 74.73 Muslim Total 62.04 Male Christian 84.53 87.7 LITERACY RATE (HT&T GT GT) 81.47 75.39 Female Sikh 80.03 70.31 81.29 Buddhist 88.31 74.04 Jain 94.88 96.78 92.91

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EDUCATION LEVEL (FRTHT GT FART) Jains are far ahead in terms of level of education. Literate without educational level Below Primary Matric / Secondar Primary Middle Senior secondary Nontechnical diploma Technical Graduate & diploma above Hindu Muslim Christian Sikh Buddhist Jain 2.88 2.90 3.53 2.15 3.46 3.29 11.83 | 14.32 11.95 8.04 14.32 7 .36 15.11 11.27 16.08 9.73 14.65 12.35 15.66 11.19 14.37 | 13.04 10.29 8.82 9.00 6.33 10.08 14.78 10.93 15.48 6.62 0.07 4.44 10.17 10.32 0.18 8.25 0.08 8.61 0.04 14.05 0.19 0.61 0.27 2.23 0.79 0.47 1.10 5.98 2.76 8.85 6.40 6.18 25.65 *More than 1/4th i.e. 25.7% are Graduate & above, *14.1% have completed senior secondary education, *15.5% have completed secondary level of education. *However, out of total Jains, 2.07 lakh Jains of age 7 years and above are still counted as illiterates.

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* * SEX-RATIO (liMga-anupAta) Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in the population. Of the 44,51,753 Jains, 22,78,097 are males and 21,73,656 are females. The Sex-Ratio amongst Jains is 954 which is better than national average of 943. It shows an improvement from 2001 where it was 940. 1040 1020 1000 980 960 940 920 900 880 860 840 943 Total 939. Hindu 951 1023 Muslim Christian 903 Sikh 965 Buddhist 954 Jain

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DISTRICTS WITH WORST SEX-RATIO OF JAINS (jile jahAM jaino meM liMga-anapAta sabase kharAba hai) Sex-Ratio =870 but <890 Sex-Ratio 1 District Less than 800 Jhunjhunun >=800 but <850 Darrang Sonbhadra Mirzapur Mewat Maldah Nalbari Dakshin Bastar Dantewada >=850 but <870 Barddhaman Mathura Sundargarh Anantapur Surguja Sonitpur Ramanagara Jorhat Moga Hardwar Bhagalpur Pratapgarh Rewari Narayanpur Morena District Rampur Ramgarh | Dhaulpur Karauli Sirsa Muktsar Mansa Jind North Goa Dadra & Nagar Haveli Dindori Tinsukia Allahabad Hoshiarpur Darjiling Jalpaiguri Dhubri | Firozabad Kheda Dibrugarh Mahendragarh Sex-Ratio District >=890 but <900 Bhind Tarn Taran | Ambala Mandla Udham Singh Nagar Gadchiroli Anuppur Tapi | Palwal Solan Kapurthala Janjgir| Champa Faridkot Bhiwani Banda Damoh Amritsar Kamrup Dausa Patiala Mainpuri Balangir Fatehabad (Districts with more than 500 Jain population have been taken)

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CONCERT cintA kA viSaya

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LESSER NUMBERS OF GIRL CHILDS (beTiyoM kI ghaTatI saMkhyA ) (A LOW CHILD (0-6) SEX-RATIO) Child Sex-ratio (0-6 years) means number of females in agegroup 0-6 years per 1000 males in the same age group in the population. * In Jains, 111 girls are less per 1000 boys of age group 0-6 years.

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CHILD SEX-RATIO (fter fcut-3414) 2011 958 943 933 918 913 889 828 Total Hindu Muslim Christian Sikh Buddhist Jain Though Jains have improved slightly from 2001 wherein it was 870, still the gap is too wide.

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DISTRICTS WITH WORST CHILD SEX-RATIO 2011 (jile jahAM jaino meM zizu liMga-anupAta sabase kharAba hai) Child Sex Child Sex-Ratio District Child Sex-Ratio Ratio District >=700 Ramgarh Tapi Kamrup but <750 Hoshangabad Jalpaiguri Korba >=750 Mirzapur Muktsar INalbari Panchkula but <800 Mahendragarh Dakshin Bastar Chamarajanagar Dantewada Mansa Mewat Kabeerdham Bongaigaon Thanjavur Giridih Yamunanagar Mathura Sundargarh >=600 Udham Singh Nagar Dibrugarh but <700 Rampur Balangir Solan Ratnagiri Jhunjhunun Kheda Darjiling Bhiwani District Mahasamund North Delhi Hoshiarpur Bijnor Mandla Sindhudurg Bid Dehradun Buldana Raichur Dungarpur South Goa Barwani Sangli Muzaffarnagar Vanjgir-Champa Dausa Uhaijar Moradabad Dewas Anantapur Jammu Wayanad Madurai Rewari Central Bangalore Rural CARTE Save Girl Child GIRU SAVAS SAVA Note: Districts with more than 500 Jain population has been taken

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DECREASING FERTILITY RATE (FOR YGGT GT) * Total Fertility Rate (TFR), in the simplest term, indicates the number of children which a woman of hypothetical cohort would bear during her life time. FORECAST

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DECREASING FERTILITY RATE AMONGST JAINS (G] Puri To Go G) * Jains have the lowest TFR at the rate of 1.46, the lowest amongst all communities India 2011 2001 2.17 2.52 Hindu Muslim 2.11 2.66 2.47 3.06 Christian Sikh Buddhists Jains 1.89 1.81 1.76 1.46 2.06 1.86 2.29 1.50 Total Hindu Muslim Christian Sikh TFR 2011 TFR 2001 Buddhist Jain

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GROWING IMBALANCE IN POPULATION (janasaMkhyA kA bigaDatA anapAta) * Jains are having least number of children while highest proportion of population in senior age groups. * This may not be good for Jain community in the longer run. . However, on a positive note, it also indicates that Jains have the highest longevity of life as compared to others. India Hindu Muslim Christian Sikh Buddhists Jains Agegroup 0-14 15-59 60+ 30.76 60.29 8.95 30.04 60.74 9.22 36.21 56.99 6.80 27.50 24.50 26.86 20.70 62.46 63.76 63.42 66.52 10.04 11.73 9.73 12.78

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14.00 12.00 10.00 8.00 6.00 4.00 2.00 0.00 0-41 5-9 Age-wise distribution amongst all communities (Proportion of population) 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 -Hindu (%) Muslim (%) 30-34 35-39 40-44 Christian (%) 45-49 50-54 Sikh (%) 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 -Buddhist (%) --Jain (%) 80+

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Age-group wise population of Jains: big decline (2011-2001) Difference Age-group 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 2011 2,74,333 3,06,113 3,40,952 3,59,137 3,81,590 2001 3,10,821 3,50,171 4,04,345 3,97,766 4,06,654 -36,488 -44,058 -63,393 -38,629 -25,064 2011 / Difference Age-group 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 1,44,653 1,63,359 1,82,042 1,90,812 1,95,758 2001 Male 1,66,349 1,85,529 2,11,254 2,08,249 2,15,520 -21,696 -22,170 -29,212 -17,437 -19,762 2011 2001 Difference Female 1,29,680 1,44,472 -14,792 1,42,754 1,64,642 -21,888 1,58,910 1,93,091 -34,181 1,68,325 1,89,517 -21,192 1,85,832 1,91,134 -5,302