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POPULATION OF JAINS IN INDIA (भारत में जैनो की आबादी)
जय जिनेन्द्र
Fo
Dheeraj Jain djain.rgi@gmail.com, 9868449890 (The views expressed are personal.)
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G
O
•
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POPULATION CENSUS (जनगणना)
In India, Census is the only source of reliable and authentic information on population and its demographic
characteristics.
Ever since its inception in 1881, the Census of India has been collecting and publishing information about the data on religion, followed by people of India and as reported by them.
The religion data, made available by Census, reflects the social composition and dynamics of the society at a particular point of time.
The data for Census 2011 was collected in the entire country in February 2011.
The individual response to the question on religion were recorded in question no. 7 in an numeric form for each member independently.
Q.7
Religion
(Write name of the religion in full)
Also give code in box if found in the list below
For other religions, write name of the religion in full but do not give any code number
Q.7 Religion
Hindu
Muslim
Christian
Sikh
Buddhist Jain
1
.2
3
4
5
..6
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COMMUNITY-WISE POPULATION
India Hindu Muslim Christian
Sikh Buddhists
Jains Others
Total population 121,08,54,977 96,62,57,353 17,22,45,158 2,78,19,588 2,08,33,116 84,42,972 44,51,753 1,08,05,037
% 100 79.80 14.23 2.30 1.72 0.70 0.37 0.89
Jains are smallest religious community in India in terms of population.
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STATE-WISE POPULATION OF JAINS -2011
(Toyar Go GiG-2011)
SI. No.
State India 1 Maharashtra 2 Rajasthan 3 Gujarat
Madhya Pradesh Karnataka
Uttar Pradesh 7 NCT of Delhi 8 Tamil Nadu 9 Chhattisgarh 10 West Bengal 11 Andhra Pradesh
Haryana 13 Punjab 14 Assam 15 Bihar 16 Jharkhand 17 Odisha 18 Uttarakhand
Total 1 % 44,51,753 100.00 14,00,349 31.46 6,22,023 13.97 5,79,654 13.02 5,67,028 12.74 4,40,280 9.89 2,13,267 4.79 1,66,231 3.73
89,265 2.01 61,510 1.38 60,141 1.35 53,849 1.21 52,613 1.18 45,040 1.01 25,949 0.58 18,914 0.42 14,974 0.34 9,420 0.21 9,183 0.21
19 Kerala 20 Nagaland 21 J&K 22 Chandigarh 23 Himachal Pradesh 24 Manipur 25 Puducherry 26 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 27 Goa 28 Tripura 29 Arunachal Pradesh 30 Meghalaya 31 Mizoram 32 Sikkim 33 Daman & Diu 34 A & N Islands 35 Lakshadweep
4,489 0.10 2,655 0.06 2.490) 0.06 1,960 0.04 1,805 0.04
1,692 0.04 | 1,400 0.03
1,186 0.03 1,109 0.02 860 0.02 771 0.02 627 0.01 376 0.01
314 0.01 1 287 0.01
31 0.00 11 0.00
I
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Statewise Distribution of Jain Population (in %)
Karnataka
10%
Uttar Pradesh
5%
Madhya Pradesh
13%
NCT of Delhi
Tamil Nadu
2%
- Chhattisgarh
1%
Gujarat
13%
West Bengal
1%
Andhra Pradesh
1%
Haryana
1%
L Punjab
1%
LOthers
Rajasthan
14%
2%
Maharashtra
32%
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DISTRICT WITH MAJOR CONCENTRATION OF JAINS ( सबसे ज्यादा जैन आबादी वाले जिले)
Districts with more than 1 lakh population 1 Mumbai Suburban
3,43,639
2
2,09,287
3
1,78,310
4
5
6
7
Pune
8 Surat
These 8 districts together have 1/3rd
of Jains in India.
Ahmadabad
Belgaum
Thane
Mumbai
Kolhapur
1,72,052
1,66,000
1,54,882
1,27,786
1,12,835
>=50,000 and less than 1 lakh
1
Sangli Bangalore
2
3
Jaipur
4 Udaipur
5 Indore
6
Sagar
7
Chennai
87,453
83,090
81,079
78,647
71,667
62,992
51,708
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
>=25,000 and < 50,000
East Delhi
Ajmer
North West Delhi
Ahmadnagar
Nashik
Jodhpur
Bhilwara
Barmer
Jabalpur Rajkot
Aurangabad
Bikaner
Ratlam
13
14
15 Solapur
16
Dharwad
Vadodara
Jalgaon
Bhavnagar
Bhopal
Chittaurgarh
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24 Damoh
Kota
Kachchh
Bagalkot
46,927
45,614
43,460
38,718
38,212
36,697
35,149
34,010
33,728
33,591
30,981
30,850
29,353
29,037
28,134
27,650
27,404
26,974
25,950
25,843
25,742
25,312
25,198
25,005
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TRENDS/SIG (%): 1961-2011
Year
Hindu
Muslim
Christian
Buddhist
Jain
1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
83.45 82.73 82.64 82.00 80.46 79.80
10.69 11.21 11.35 12.12 13.43 14.23
2.44 2.60 2.43 2.34 2.34 2.30
Sikh 1.79 1.89 1.97 1.94 1.87 1.72
0.74 0.70 0.71 0.76 0.77 0.70
0.46 0.48 0.48 0.40 0.41 0.37
Jains
0.46
0.48
0.48
0.40
0.41
0.37
1961
1971
1981
1991
2001
2011
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DECADAL GROWTH RATE (IN %): 1961-2011 दशकीय वृद्धि दर (%) : 1961-2011
Decade India
1961-1971 24.75
1971-1981 21.41
1981-1991 26.05
1991-2001 22.66
2001-2011 17.72
Buddh
ists
30.84 32.58 32.28 17.08 28.48
22.95
13.65
26.01
23.8 23.09
34.54
21.5
24.33
35.33 4.57
36.02
22.61
18.18
24.54 26.02
24.65
15.53
8.42
6.13 5.37
Hindu Muslim Christian Sikh
23.67
21.29
25.08
20.35
16.76
Jains
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DECADAL GROWTH RATE (IN %): 1961-2011
1961-1971
India
1971-1981 Hindu Muslim
1981-1991
Christian
1991-2001 Sikh Buddhists
2001-2011 - Jains
-
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2001-2011 : STATE-WISE GROWTH
2,011 / 2,001 Variation INDIA
44,51,753 42,25,053 2,26,700 MAHARASHTRA
14,00,349 13,01,843 98,506 RAJASTHAN
16,22,023 6,50,493 | -28,470 GUJARAT
5,79,654 5 ,25,305 54,349 MADHYA PRADESH
5,67,028 5,45,446 21,582 KARNATAKA
4,40,280 4,12,659 27,621 UTTAR PRADESH
2.13,267 2,07,111 6,156 INCT OF DELHI
1,66,231 1,55,122 11.109 TAMIL NADU
1 89,265 83,359 5,906 CHHATTISGARH
1 61,510 56,103 5,407 WEST BENGAL
1 60,141 55,223 14,918 ANDHRA PRADESH 1 53,849 41,846 12,003 HARYANA
52,613 57,167 -4,554 PUNJAB
45,040 39,276 5,764 ASSAM
1 25.949 23,957 1.992 BIHAR
1 18,914 16,085 2,829 UJHARKHAND
1 14,974
16,301 -1,327 ODISHA
9,420
9,154 266 UTTARAKHAND
9,183 9,249 -66
% 5.4 7.6 -4.4 10.3 4.0 6.7 3.0 7.2 7.1 9.6 8.9 28.7 -8.0 14.7 8.3 17.6 - 8.1 2.9 -0.7
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LITERACY (HTTST)
•Jains have the highest literacy rate amongst all communities. •This holds good for male as well as female. •Out of the 36 States/UTS, Jains have literacy rate of more than 95% in 17 States/UTs and •between 90-95% in 11 States/UTS. •However, as a whole, it has gone down since 2001 wherein it was 97.41%.
India
Hindu
Muslim
Christian Sikh
Buddhists
Jains
Total Male Female
72.98 80.88 64.63
73.27 81.70 64.34
68.54 74.73 62.04
84.53 87.70 81.47
75.39 81.29 80.03 88.31 70.31 74.04
94.88 96.78 92.91
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India
72.98
80.88
64.63
73.27
Hindu
81.7
64.34
68.54
74.73
Muslim
Total
62.04
Male Christian
84.53
87.7
LITERACY RATE (HT&T GT GT)
81.47
75.39
Female
Sikh
80.03
70.31
81.29
Buddhist
88.31
74.04
Jain
94.88
96.78 92.91
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EDUCATION LEVEL (FRTHT GT FART)
Jains are far ahead in terms of level of education.
Literate
without educational
level
Below Primary
Matric / Secondar
Primary
Middle
Senior secondary
Nontechnical diploma
Technical Graduate & diploma above
Hindu Muslim Christian
Sikh Buddhist
Jain
2.88 2.90 3.53 2.15 3.46 3.29
11.83 | 14.32 11.95 8.04 14.32 7 .36
15.11 11.27 16.08 9.73 14.65 12.35 15.66 11.19 14.37 | 13.04 10.29 8.82
9.00 6.33 10.08 14.78 10.93 15.48
6.62 0.07 4.44 10.17 10.32 0.18 8.25 0.08 8.61 0.04 14.05 0.19
0.61 0.27 2.23 0.79 0.47 1.10
5.98 2.76 8.85 6.40 6.18 25.65
•More than 1/4th i.e. 25.7% are Graduate & above, •14.1% have completed senior secondary education, •15.5% have completed secondary level of education. •However, out of total Jains, 2.07 lakh Jains of age 7 years and above are still counted as illiterates.
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SEX-RATIO (लिंग-अनुपात)
Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in the population.
Of the 44,51,753 Jains, 22,78,097 are males and 21,73,656 are females.
The Sex-Ratio amongst Jains is 954 which is better than national average of 943.
It shows an improvement from 2001 where it was 940.
1040
1020
1000
980
960
940
920
900
880
860
840
943
Total
939.
Hindu
951
1023
Muslim Christian
903
Sikh
965
Buddhist
954
Jain
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DISTRICTS WITH WORST SEX-RATIO OF JAINS (जिले जहां जैनो में लिंग-अनपात सबसे खराब है)
Sex-Ratio =870 but <890
Sex-Ratio 1 District Less than 800 Jhunjhunun >=800 but <850 Darrang
Sonbhadra Mirzapur Mewat Maldah
Nalbari Dakshin Bastar
Dantewada >=850 but <870 Barddhaman
Mathura Sundargarh Anantapur
Surguja
Sonitpur Ramanagara
Jorhat Moga Hardwar Bhagalpur Pratapgarh
Rewari Narayanpur
Morena
District Rampur
Ramgarh | Dhaulpur
Karauli
Sirsa Muktsar Mansa
Jind North Goa Dadra & Nagar
Haveli Dindori Tinsukia Allahabad Hoshiarpur
Darjiling Jalpaiguri
Dhubri | Firozabad
Kheda Dibrugarh Mahendragarh
Sex-Ratio
District >=890 but <900 Bhind
Tarn Taran | Ambala
Mandla Udham Singh
Nagar Gadchiroli Anuppur
Tapi | Palwal
Solan Kapurthala
Janjgir| Champa
Faridkot Bhiwani Banda Damoh Amritsar Kamrup Dausa Patiala Mainpuri
Balangir Fatehabad
(Districts with more than 500 Jain population have been taken)
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CONCERT
चिन्ता का विषय
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LESSER NUMBERS OF GIRL CHILDS (बेटियों की घटती संख्या )
(A LOW CHILD (0-6) SEX-RATIO)
Child Sex-ratio (0-6 years) means number of females in agegroup 0-6 years per 1000 males in the same age group in the population.
• In Jains, 111 girls are less per 1000 boys of
age group 0-6 years.
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CHILD SEX-RATIO (fter fcut-3414) 2011
958
943
933
918
913
889
828
Total
Hindu
Muslim
Christian
Sikh
Buddhist
Jain
Though Jains have improved slightly from 2001 wherein it was 870, still the gap is too wide.
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DISTRICTS WITH WORST CHILD SEX-RATIO 2011
(जिले जहां जैनो में शिशु लिंग-अनुपात सबसे खराब है) Child Sex
Child Sex-Ratio District Child Sex-Ratio Ratio District
>=700 Ramgarh
Tapi Kamrup
but <750
Hoshangabad Jalpaiguri
Korba
>=750 Mirzapur
Muktsar İNalbari
Panchkula
but <800 Mahendragarh
Dakshin Bastar Chamarajanagar
Dantewada
Mansa Mewat
Kabeerdham Bongaigaon
Thanjavur Giridih
Yamunanagar Mathura
Sundargarh >=600 Udham Singh Nagar
Dibrugarh but <700 Rampur
Balangir Solan Ratnagiri Jhunjhunun Kheda Darjiling Bhiwani
District Mahasamund North Delhi Hoshiarpur Bijnor Mandla Sindhudurg Bid Dehradun Buldana Raichur Dungarpur South Goa Barwani Sangli Muzaffarnagar Vanjgir-Champa Dausa Uhaijar Moradabad Dewas Anantapur Jammu Wayanad Madurai Rewari Central Bangalore Rural
CARTE
Save Girl Child
GIRU SAVAS
SAVA
Note: Districts with more than 500 Jain population has been taken
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DECREASING FERTILITY RATE
(FOR YGGT GT)
• Total Fertility Rate (TFR),
in the simplest term, indicates the number of children which a woman of hypothetical cohort would bear during her life time.
FORECAST
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DECREASING FERTILITY RATE AMONGST JAINS
(G] Puri To Go G) • Jains have the lowest TFR at the rate of 1.46, the
lowest amongst all communities
India
2011 2001
2.17 2.52
Hindu Muslim 2.11 2.66 2.47 3.06
Christian Sikh Buddhists Jains
1.89 1.81 1.76 1.46 2.06 1.86 2.29 1.50
Total
Hindu
Muslim
Christian Sikh TFR 2011 TFR 2001
Buddhist
Jain
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GROWING IMBALANCE IN POPULATION
(जनसंख्या का बिगडता अनपात)
• Jains are having least number of children while highest
proportion of population in senior age groups. • This may not be good for Jain community in the longer
run. . However, on a positive note, it also indicates that Jains
have the highest longevity of life as compared to others.
India
Hindu
Muslim
Christian
Sikh
Buddhists
Jains
Agegroup 0-14 15-59 60+
30.76 60.29 8.95
30.04 60.74 9.22
36.21 56.99 6.80
27.50 24.50 26.86 20.70 62.46 63.76 63.42 66.52 10.04 11.73 9.73 12.78
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14.00
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
0-41
5-9
Age-wise distribution amongst all communities (Proportion of population)
10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29
-Hindu (%)
Muslim (%)
30-34
35-39 40-44
Christian (%)
45-49 50-54
Sikh (%)
55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79
-Buddhist (%)
--Jain (%)
80+
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________________ Age-group wise population of Jains: big decline (2011-2001) Difference Age-group 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 2011 2,74,333 3,06,113 3,40,952 3,59,137 3,81,590 2001 3,10,821 3,50,171 4,04,345 3,97,766 4,06,654 -36,488 -44,058 -63,393 -38,629 -25,064 2011 / Difference Age-group 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 1,44,653 1,63,359 1,82,042 1,90,812 1,95,758 2001 Male 1,66,349 1,85,529 2,11,254 2,08,249 2,15,520 -21,696 -22,170 -29,212 -17,437 -19,762 2011 2001 Difference Female 1,29,680 1,44,472 -14,792 1,42,754 1,64,642 -21,888 1,58,910 1,93,091 -34,181 1,68,325 1,89,517 -21,192 1,85,832 1,91,134 -5,302