Paumchariya ke Rachnakal Sambandhi Katipay Aprakashit Tathya

Author(s): K Rushabhchandra
Publisher: Z_Hajarimalmuni_Smruti_Granth_012040.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/211308/1

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DaoN0 ke0 RSabhacandra ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0 paumacariyaM ke racanAkAla-sambandhI katipaya aprakAzita tathya jana-sAhitya meM hI nahIM apitu sAre prAkRta-vAGmaya meM sampUrNa rAmakathA sambandhI kAvyAtmaka kRti hone kA prathama zreya paumacariyaM ko prApta hai, jo mahArASTrI prAkRta meM likhA gayA hai-jana paramparA meM AThaveM baladeva dAzarathI rAma kA adhikatara pracalita nAma pauma (padma) hai, ataH unake carita ko 'paumacariyaM' kI saMjJA dI gaI hai / uttarottara kAla ke jaina-sAhitya meM vividha bhASAoM meM rAma sambandhI jo racanAe~ upalabdha haiM ve adhikatara paumacariyaM para hI AdhArita haiM. paumacariya ke isa mahattva ko dekhate hue usake racanA-kAla para kucha vicAra-vimarza karanA upAdeya hI hogA. isa graMtha ke racayitA vimalasUri nAilavaMzIya vijaya ke ziSya aura AcArya rAhu ke praziSya the. unhoMne paumacariyaM kI prazasti meM batalAyA hai ki isa graMtha kI racanA mahAvIra-nirvANa ke 530' (yA 520)2 varSa pazcAt kI gaI thI. graMtha ke adhyayana se yaha tithi bilkula asaMgata ThaharatI hai. kitane hI vidvAnoM ne isake racanAkAla ke viSaya meM apane-apane mantavya prakaTa kiye haiM. kucha loga prazasti meM aMkita samaya ko hI ucita mAnate haiM parantu adhikatara vidvAn isako tRtIya yA caturtha zatAbdI se lekara sAtavIM AThavIM zatAbdI taka kI racanA ThaharAte haiM. ina vidvAnoM ne jina-jina pramANoM ke AdhAra para paumacariyaM kA kAlanirNaya kiyA hai unako yahA~ para duharAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM. hama paumacariyaM meM hI upalabdha kucha navIna sAmagrI para vicAra kara usI ke AdhAra para pUrvasthApita vividha mantavyoM kA UhApoha karate hue isa graMtha kA kAla-nirNaya karane kA prayatna kareMge. sarvaprathama paumacariyaM meM varNita una janajAtiyoM, rAjyoM, va rAjanaitika ghaTanAoM para vicAra kareMge jinakA bhAratIya itihAsa se sambandha sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai. rAma ne jaba vAnaradala ke sAtha rAvaNa para AkramaNa kiyA taba kelIgiloM aura zrIparvatiyoM ne rAma kI senA meM sammilita hokara unakI sahAyatA kI thI. (pauma055-17). raviSeNa ne apane padmapurANa [55-26] meM ina kelIgiloM ko kailIkila batAyA hai. ina logoM ko aitihAsika kilakiloM se milAyA jA sakatA hai. unake rAjya kI samApti ke turanta bAda vAkATaka vindhyazakti ne [223 I0] unake sthAna para dakSiNa meM apanA rAjya sthApita kiyA thA.5 vimalasUri zrIparvata kA bAra-bAra ullekha karate haiM. zrIparvatIyoM ne rAma kI sahAyatA 1. paumacariyaM 118. 103. 2. upamitibhavaprapaMcakathA meM DA0 jekobI kI prastAvanA pR0 10. 3. vieTaranija-7 hisTari oNva iNDiyana liTarecara, bhA0 2, pR0 477 pA0 Ti0 3. haradeva bAharI-prAkRta aura usakA itihAsa, pR060. DA0 jekobI-upamitibhavaprapaMca kathA, prastAvanA, pR010 aura pariziSTaparva, prastAvanA pR0 16. DA0 kAya-e hisTari Ava saMskRta liTarecara, pR0 25. paumacariyaM (1962) ko prastAvanA meM DA0 vI0 ema0 kulakarNI kA lekha-dI DeTa pAva vimalasUri. jaina yuga, pustaka 1, aMka 5, poSa 1682, pR0 180 para zrI ke0 eca0 dhra va kA lekha. 4. bI0vI0 kRSNArAva-e hisTari vi do alI DAinesTIja oNva Andhradeza, pR0 36. 5. DA0 alTekara-dI vAkATaka-guptA eja (1954), pR086. A R elamKAHANPARTY Jain EducationEOSWWPARA ...UNRELIthumi JLIJITNII N ITUNITAMITRifamouTHA N ||1918.... ..Dime...h111111 MINSAR... .."

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878 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya to kI hI thI. sAtha-sAtha yaha bhI batalAyA gayA hai ki hanumAna zrIpura ke rAjA banAye gaye the jo zrIparvata kI upatyakA meM basA huA thA. hanumAna kA apara nAma zrIzaila bhI hai [pauma0 18, 46, 55, 16, 85, 26]. isa prakAra bAra-bAra zrIparvata kA ullekha hameM purANoM ke una zrIparvatIya AndhroM kI yAda dilAtA hai jo itihAsa meM dakSiNa Andhradeza ke ikSvAku rAjavaMza ke nAma se prasiddha haiM. isa vaMza ke rAjAoM kA kAla tRtIya I0 zatAbdI mAnA gayA hai.' lavaNa aura aMkuza apanI digvijaya meM aneka rAjyoM ko apane adhIna karate haiM. una rAjyoM meM Ananda logoM aura anake rAjya kA bhI ullekha hai [pauma0 68, 66]. bhAratIya itihAsa spaSTa batalAtA hai ki Ananda rAjavaMza kA udbhava IsA kI caturtha zatAbdI meM huA thA aura unake rAjya kA kSetra guNTrara pradeza thA. bRhatphalAyana AnandoM ke pUrvavartI zAsaka the.2 isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki bimalasUri cauthI zatAbdI taka ke rAjavaMzoM va rAjyoM se paricita the. paumacariyaM meM tIna aisI rAjanaitika ghaTanAe~ haiM jinakA bhAratIya itihAsa se sambandha sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai. ye saMgharSa bimba-pratibimba rUpa meM pUrNa sAdRzya to nahIM rakhate phira bhI usa kAla kI rAjanaitika halacala kI jhalaka paumacariyaM kI ghaTanAoM meM dRSTigocara hotI hai. paumacariyaM ke anusAra narmadA ke dakSiNa meM vindhyATavI ke kSetra para kAgonanda jAti kA adhikAra thA. usa jAti ke netA rudrabhUti ne kUvavaddapura ke zAsaka bAlikhilya kA apaharaNa kara usako bandI banA liyA. vaha usake rAjya se dhamakI pUrvaka dravya upAjita karatA thA. bAlikhilya ke maMtrI ne ujjainI ke rAjA siMhodara se sahAyatA mAMgI parantu, usane bAlikhilya ko mukta karavAne meM apanI asamarthatA prakaTa kI. rAma-lakSmaNa kUvavaddapura pAye taba unhoMne apanI sahAyatA kA bacana diyA. ve vahA~ se Age bar3he. vidhyATavI meM pahu~ca kara unhoMne rudrabhUti ko parAsta kiyA aura bAlikhilya ko usake paMje se chur3avAyA. isa sambandha meM dvitIyArdha zatAbdI ke bhAratIya itihAsa meM prasiddha ujjanI ke mahakSatrapa rudrasiMha prathama, AbhIra senAnAyaka rudrabhUti tathA eka anya AbhIranetA Izvaradatta se mela biThAyA jA sakatA hai. rudrabhUti ne AbhIroM kI tarapha se jIvadAmana ko gaddI se haTAne aura rudrasiMha ko mahAkSatrapa banAne meM bharapUra sahAyatA kI thI. Izvaradatta ne kucha samaya pazcAt nAsika meM apanA alaga rAjya sthApita kiyA aura rudrasiMha ko haTAkara svayaM hI ujjainI kA mahAkSatrapa bana baiThA. parantu do hI varSa ke bAda rudrasiMha ne apanA pUrva adhikAra bApisa prApta kara liyA. ina donoM vRttAntoM meM rudrabhUti samAna hai. paumacariyaM meM siMhodara kA nAma hai va itihAsa meM rudrasiMha kA. yaha antara sirpha prathama do varNoM ke hera-phera kA hai. sihodara ne rudrabhUti ke virodha meM kadama uThAne meM AnAkAnI kI thI. kAraNa spaSTa hai ki rudrabhUti ne hI rudrasiMha ko mahAkSatrapa banAyA thA. Izvaradatta ke nAsika ke AbhIra rAjya kA kAgonanda jAti ke adhInastha narmadA se dakSiNa kI ora ke kSetra ke sAtha sambandha sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai. dUsarI ghaTanA isa prakAra hai. dazapura [maNDasaura] kA rAjA bajrakarNa ujjaina ke rAjA sihodara ke adhIna thA. cUMki vaha svatantra bananA cAhatA thA, isalie ujjainI ke sAtha eka bhRtya kI taraha vyavahAra karane meM Apatti karatA thA. isa para siMhodara ne vajrakarNa para AkramaNa kiyA aura usako bandI banA liyA. rAma aura lakSmaNa ko dazapura pahuMcane para vajrakarNa kI dayanIya dazA kA patA lagA. unhoMne sihodara ko lalakArA aura vajrakarNa ko usase mukta karAyA. sAtha hI siMhodara kA kucha rAjya bhI vajrakarNa ko dilavA diyA. yaha ghaTanA dazapura kI svAdhInatA kI ora saMketa karatI hai.5 dazapura kI aitihAsika jAnakArI isa prakAra prApta hotI hai. nAsika ke nahapAna ke zilAlekhoM meM dazapura kA eka tIrtha kI taraha ullekha hai, usakA koI khAsa rAjanaitika mahattva nahIM hai. guptakAla meM hI dazapura rAjanaitika dharAtala para AtA hai. jayavarmA, sihavarmA, aura vizvavarmA vahA~ ke uttarottara svAdhIna rAjA the. tatpazcAt vizvavarmA ke putra rAjA bandhuvarmA ne kumAragupta prathama [414-454 I0 kA 1. vahI pR0 56-30. 2. kRSNarAva-vahI pR0 215, 233, 336. 3. paumacariyaM, 34. 25-46. 4. DA0 alTekara-vahI, pR054. 5. paumacariyaM, a0. 33. * ** * * ** * *** 9801 . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TITriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiTTTTTT.iiiiiiii... in E . . . . . . . . . !!!!LANDrary.org

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DaoN0 ke0 RSabhacandra paumacariyaM ke racanAkAla sambandhI katipaya aprakAzita tathya : 876 Adhipatya svIkAra kara liyA thA. kumAragupta ke antima kAla meM gupta rAjya kI nIMva DAMvADola huI thI. ' DA0 rAya caudharI kA abhiprAya hai ki isI kumAragupta kA upanAma vyAghraparAkrama thA. paumacariyaM ke siMhodara aura vyAghraparAkrama meM kAphI samAnatA hai. kucha bhI ho, paumacariyaM meM varNita ghaTanA tathA aitihAsika paristhiti se itanA to suspaSTa hai ki dazapura IsA kI cauthI aura pAMcavIM zatAbdiyoM meM hI rAjanaitika halacala kA viSaya banatA hai. paumacariyaM ke anusAra naMdyAvartapura ke mahArAjA ativIrya ne ayodhyA ke rAjA bharata ko apane adhIna karanA cAhA. bharata ne yaha Adhipatya svIkAra nahIM kiyA taba ativIrya ne aneka anya rAjyoM se bharata ke khilApha yuddha karane ke lie sahAyatA mAMgI aura vijayapura ke zAsaka ko bhI apanA eka dUta bhejA. usa samaya rAma lakSmaNa vahA~ para Thahare hue the. yaha samA cAra pAte hI unhoMne ativIrya kI ora kUca kiyA aura chadmarUpa se usako bandI banA liyA tathA ulaTA bharata kA Adhipatya svIkAra karane ke lie usako vivaza kiyA. isa naMdyAvarta kA saMbaMdha prabhAvatI guptA ke pUnA ke tAmrapatra meM Ae hue naMdIvardhana se biThAyA jA sakatA hai. Ajakala yaha sthAna rAmaTeka ke pAsa meM sthita nagardhana yA naMdardhana ke nAma se paricita hai. naMdIvardhana vAkATakoM kI rAjadhAnI rahI hai. pravarasena dvitIya ke putra narendrasena ke rAjya para pAMcavIM zatI ke madhya meM nala rAjA bhavadatta varmA ne AkramaNa karake usake rAjya ko hathiyA liyA thA. isase sirpha itanA hI spaSTa hai ki yaha kSetra pAMcavIM zatI ke madhya meM rAjanaitika halacala aura saMgharSa kA zikAra banA huA thA. aba hama paumacariyaM meM AyI huyI anya sAmagrI kA AlocanAtmaka paryavekSaNa kareMge. ikSvAku rAjAoM kI vaMzAvalI meM Adityayaza se rAma kA sthAna bAsaThavAM hai. 6 saMkhyAtmaka dRSTi se yaha sthAna brAhmaNa purANoM ke vivaraNa ke adhika najadIka hai. bAlmIki rAmAyaNa meM jo vaMzAvalI AtI hai usameM rAjA ikSvAku se rAma kA sthAna paiMtIsavAM hai ( vA0 rA0 1.70 aura 2. 110 ) jabaki purANoM ke anusAra rAma kA sthAna aTThAvanavAM hai. ( bhAgavata purANa 6. 1-10) vimalasUri apane paumacariyaM ko purANa kI bhI saMjJA dete haiM (pauma 1 32), tathA prazasti meM spaSTa varNana hai ki isa purANa meM cAroM puruSArthI kAma, artha, dharma aura mokSa kA varNana samAviSTa hai. brAhmaNa purANoM kI paribhASA kA aitihAsika adhyayana karane se mAlUma hotA hai ki jaise-jaise purANoM kA vikAsa hotA gayA vaise-vaise unake Avazyaka aMga bhI bar3hate gaye. ye cAroM puruSArthaM paravartI kAla meM hI purANoM ke Avazyaka viSaya ginAye gaye haiM. kalyANavijayajI kA mantavya hai ki jaina paraMparA meM bhI ye viSaya vikrama kI pAMcavIM zatI ke pUrva pracalita nahIM hue the. paumacariyaM meM kevala eka bAra zvetAmbara muni kA ullekha hai. ikSvAku rAjA sodAsa ke sambandha meM kahA gayA hai ki ayodhyA se niSkAsita hone para ve dakSiNa deza kI tarapha gaye aura vahAM para unhoMne eka zvetAmbara muni ke pAsa zrAvakavrata grahaNa kiye (pecchai paribbhamanto dAhiNadese siyaMbaraM paNao- pauma0 22.78 ) jaina paraMparA kI donoM mAnyatAoM ke anusAra unakA saMghabheda IsA kI prathama zatAbdI meM huA thA. phira bhI zvetAmbara saMgha kA spaSTa ullekha hameM rAjA vijaya mRgezavarmA ke devagiri ke eka zilAlekha meM 'zvetapaTamahAzramaNa saMgha' ke rUpa meM milatA hai. yaha zilAlekha pAMcavIM zatAbdI kA hai. paumacariyaM meM saMlekhanA ko zrAvakoM ke bAraha vratoM meM sthAna diyA gayA hai tathA use caturtha zikSApada ke rUpa meM ginAyA 1. DA0 alTekara - vahI, pR0 156, 160, 166, 167. 2. paoNliTikala hisTari Ava eMziyaMTa iNDiyA (caturtha saMskaraNa), pR0 480. 3. paumacariyaM zra0 17 4. bI0 sI0 lA0... * hisTorikala jogrAphI Ava eziyA iNDiyA, pR0 323 aura DI0 sI0 sarakAra - silekTa insakripzans bhA0 1 pR0 407. 5. DA0 alTekara - vahI, pR0 105, 107. 6. paumacariyaM zra0 5 21 aura 22. 7. matsyapurANa 5. 3. 66 aura e0 DI0 pusalakara sTaDIja ina epiksa eNDa purANAj Ava iNDiyA, prastAvanA. pR0 46. 8. kalyANavijayajI - zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra pR0 304. *** *** *** ***** wwwmm ~ ~ ~ ~m ***

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880 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya gayA hai (pauma 14. 115, 63.46) vaise saMlekhanA ko bAraha vratoM meM sammilita nahIM kiyA jAtA hai. yaha paramparA kisa samaya se pracalita huI yaha vicAraNIya hai. AcArya kundakunda ne, jinakA samaya pAMcavIM zatI' ke lagabhaga kA hai, apane cAritrapAhuDa (25) meM saMlekhanA ko bAraha vratoM meM sthAna diyA hai aura isI krama se ginAyA hai. paumacariyaM meM "rAtribhojanatyAga" ko zrAvakoM kA chaThA aNuvrata batalAyA hai. aisA kevala eka hI vAra ullekha hai (pauma 6, 120) aisI paramparA kahA~, kisa samaya calI aura kisane calAyI, yaha bhI adhyayana kA viSaya hai. Age calakara cAmuNDarAya ne apane cAritrasAra aura vIranaMdi ne apane AcArasAra meM ise dhAvakoM kA chaThA aNuvrata ginAyA hai. itanA suspaSTa hai ki yaha vrata pUjyapAda ke samaya meM pracalita thA. ve apanI 'sarvArthasiddhi' meM isakA jikra karate haiM. paumacariyaM meM karIba bIsa prakAra kI bhinna-bhinna tapasyAoM kA ullekha AtA hai. Agama-sAhitya va mUlAcAra meM inameM se bahutoM kA ullekha nahIM milatA. DA0 deva kA abhiprAya hai ki tapazcaryAoM kI bahulatA bAda meM vikasita huI hai.2 paumacariyaM ke racayitA ne apane Apako 'sUri' kI padavI se vibhUSita kiyA hai. 'sUri' kahalAne kI paramparA prAcIna nahIM hai. kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI, nandIsUtra paTTAvalI aura mathurA ke zilAlekhoM meM kisI bhI AcArya kA 'suri' ke rUpa meM ullekha nahIM hai. DA0 deva kA mata hai ki prAcArya ke sthAna para sUri zabda kA prayoga madhyakAla se hI adhikAMza rUpa meM najara AtA hai.. paumacariyaM meM jinamandira banavAne va pratiSThA karavAne kA kAphI Agraha hai. kaI sthAnoM para isa sambandha meM upadeza diye gaye haiM. (pauma-8-167, 406, 86.51) tIrthaMkaroM kI mUttiyoM kI pUjA meM aSTadravya kA pracalana ho cukA thA. bharata ko upadeza dete hue eka muni batalAte haiM ki puSpa, dhUpa, candana, sugandhitadravya, dIpa, darpaNa, abhiSeka, naivedya ityAdi se bhagavAn kI pUjA karane para atyanta puNya kA upArjana hotA hai aura acchI gati prApta hotI hai (pauma0-32 72-81). bhagavAn ke abhiSeka karane kI bahuta mahimA batAyI gayI hai aura abhiSeka ke kaI udAharaNa isa graMtha meM upalabdha haiM. kalyANavijayajI kA mantavya hai ki pUrvakAla meM jala kA upayoga Acamana ke rUpa meM thA, snAna ke rUpa meM nahIM. abhiSeka, vilepana ityAdi bAda kI paramparAe~ haiM. paumacariyaM ke anusAra vaise to muni loga vana, upavana, udyAna, upatyakA, guphA aura caityoM meM Thaharate the parantu jina-mandiroM meM Thaharane kI prathA bhI cala par3I thI (pauma0 86. 14, 18 20) ! isa prakAra caityavAsa kI jhalaka paumacariya meM milatI hai. kalyANavijayajI kA abhiprAya hai ki jIrNoddhAra, pratiSThA, sAdhuoM kA jina-caityoM meM ThaharanA ityAdi viSaya vikrama kI pAMcavIM zatI se pracalita hue jAna par3ate haiM.4 paumacariyaM mahArASTrI prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha hai aura vaha kAphI vikasita rUpa meM hai. sAtha hI sAtha usa para usa samaya kI bolacAla kI bhASA kA prabhAva bhI hai. isa bolacAla kI bhASA kI jo vizeSatAe~ dRSTigocara hotI haiM, unase vizleSaNa karane para mAlUma hotA hai ki ve hI Age calakara apabhraza kI mUla prakRtiyA~ bana gayIM. isa kSetra meM nimnalikhita vizeSatAe~ dhyAna dene yogya haiM : avyayoM ke sAtha-sAtha nAmavAcI rUpoM tathA kriyApadoM meM laghu aura dIrgha svaroM kA vaikalpika prayoga va zruti ke bIsoM udAharaNa. kriyA ke pUrvakAlika rUpoM meM 'evi' pratyaya kA tIna bAra prayoga. kama se kama dasa bAra 'kiha' aura 'kavaNa' 'katha' aura 'kiM' ke sthAna para prayoga. nAma ke prathamA va usase bhI adhika dvitIyA eka vacana vibhakti ke lopa ke yatratatra phaile hue udAharaNa. strIvAcI 'AkArAnta zabdoM meM paccIsa pratizata aura ikArAnta tathA ukArAnta zabdoM meM pacAsa pratizata ke ausata se dvitIyA eka vacana vibhakti kA lopa. anusvAra sahita aMtima laghu svara ke sthAna para dIrgha svara Ane ke kucha udAharaNa. usabha va nAma zabda ke tRtIyA vibhakti ke do udAharaNa 'usabhe' va 'nAme' aura upamA va utprekSA alaMkAra meM sUcaka zabda 'Najjai' kA prayoga. 1. DA0horAlAla jaina, bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna, pR0 83, 15, 16. kalyANavijayajI-cahI, pR0 346. 2. DA0 esa0 no0 deva-hisTari Ava jaina monAsijma, pR0 187, 563. 3. vahIM pR0 232, 237, 514. 4. zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra, pR0 304, 305. RSree TEMPA COMHARY Jain Edukion persational a chaarUse One Durjanmeliterary.org

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Jain DaoN0 ke0 RSabhacandra paumacariyaM ke racanAkAla sambandhI katipaya aprakAzita tathya : 881 paumacariyaM kI bhASA jisa lokabhASA se prabhAvita huI hai. usako dekhate hue isakA racanA samaya IsA kI prathama zatAbdiyoM meM nahIM rakhA jA sakatA. isa graMtha meM prayukta gAthA chanda bhI itane utkRSTa rUpa meM hai ki vaha sUkSma se sUkSma lakSaNoM kI kasauTI para kasA jA sakatA hai. ina sabhI uparokta tattvoM ke AdhAra para paumacariyaM kA racanAkAla IzA kI prathama zatAbdI ucita nahIM ThaharatA jaisA ki prazasti meM kahA gayA hai. aneka pramANa yaha sAbita karate haiM ki isa grantha para vikrama kI pAMcavIM zatAbdI ke Asa-pAsa ke vAtAvaraNa kA prabhAva hai. paumacariye kI paravartI sImA nizcita karane ke lie aba hama udyotanasUri aura raviSeNa kA sahArA leMge. udyotanasUri apane graMtha kuvalayamAlA meM, jisakA racanA kAla 778 IsvI san hai, vimalasUri ke paumacariyaM kA ullekha karate haiM. isase eka to yaha pramANita hotA hai ki paupacariyaM AThavIM zatI ke pUrva kI racanA hai, dUsarA yaha ki yadi yaha racanA bahuta purAnI hotI to anya sthAna para kisI purAne graMtha meM isakA ullekha avazya honA cAhie thA. udyotanasUri ne raviSeNa ko bhI smaraNa kiyA hai. padmacaritam raviSeNa kA saMskRta graMtha hai. paumacariyaM aura padmacaritam kI tulanA karane para spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki eka graMtha kisI dUsare kA rUpAntara mAtra hai. paM0 nAthUrAma premI ne yaha siddha kiyA hai ki raviSeNa ne apanA padmacaritam paumacariyaM ke AdhAra para hI racA. isI mAnyatA ko dRr3ha karane vAle katipaya naye pramANa prastuta karane yogya haiM. paumacariya meM hanumAn ke janmasaMbandhI nakSatroM aura lagna kA jo vivaraNa hai vaha jyotiSazAstra kI dRSTi se galata hai jabaki ravi ke padmacarita meM vahI varNana truTihIna hai, yadi vimalasUri ke graMtha kA AdhAra padamacaritam hotA to usameM truTi Ane kI koI guMjAyaza nahIM thI. mAlUma hotA hai ki raviSeNa ne yaha truTi sudhAra lI hai. aisA hI eka aura udAharaNa hai. paumacariyaM meM bharata aura bhuvanAlaMkAra hastI ke pUrva bhavoM kA varNana AtA hai (pauma0 82-17-121). Adhe kathAnaka taka to hastI ko apane pUrvabhavoM meM mAyAvI batAyA gayA hai jo ki tiryaMca yoni meM bhava prApta karane ke lie ucita bhI hai, parantu bIca meM truTi raha jAne ke kAraNa bAda meM hastI ke anya pUrvabhavoM kA sambandha bharata ke pUrvabhavoM se jur3a gayA hai. padma-caritam meM aisA nahIM hai. usameM hastI ke hI sabhI pUrva bhavoM meM mAyAvIpana hai. bharata ke pUrvabhavoM meM nahIM spaSTa hai ki raviSeNa ne paumacariya kI isa asaMgati ko apane padmacaritam meM sulajhA diyA hai (padma085 28-173 ) . eka anya kathAnaka meM rAjA kA nAma padmacaritam ( parva 5 ) ke anusAra vidyuddaSTra hai aura prathama parva meM viSaya kI jo sUcI hai usameM bhI yahI nAma hai. paumacariya meM vahI nAma saba jagaha vijjudA hai, parantu padmacaritam meM kathAnaka ke uttara bhAga meM usI ko vidyuddar3ha kahA gayA hai (padma0 5 30, pauma0 5-20-41). spaSTa hai ki yaha nAma prAkRta vijjudADha kA galata rUpAntara hai jo ki raviSeNa ne pUrvApara kA dhyAna rakhe vinA paumacariyaM ke nAma ke AdhAra para apanAyA hai, anyathA eka vyakti ke do bhinna nAma kaise ? paumacariyaM meM eka kathA AtI hai jisameM do kAstakAra bhAiyoM kA varNana hai aura unako 'sahoyarA karisayA' kahA gayA hai ( pauma0 36,68). raviSeNa ne zAyada nahIM samajhane ke kAraNa yA bhrAnta pATha hone ke kAraNa una do bhAiyoM ke nAma 'surapa' aura 'karSaka' kara diye haiM (padma0 36, 137). kucha vyaktiyoM ke nAmoM kA adhyayana karane se patA calatA hai ki raviSeNa ne apanI kRti meM chandoM ke vargoM kA niyamana karane ke lie paumacariyaM meM Aye huye nAmoM ke lie paryAyavAcI zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai, kyoMki padmacarita ke nAmoM ko yadi vimala vaise ke vaise rakhate to bhI unake mAtrA chanda meM koI truTi nahIM AtI bI, parantu raviSeNa ke sAtha yaha sthiti nahIM thI (udAharaNArtha pauma aridamaNo jalana-jaDI, riumaNo-anakopadmaH aridhvaMso vahnijaTI, arimardanaH, vahnitejAH ) isake donoM graMthoM meM pAMcavAM adhyAya dhyAna dene yogya hai. raviSeNAcArya kaTTara digambara the yaha suvidita hai. digambara paramparA meM se hI paricita haiM, naveM baladeva yAni kRSNa ke bhAI kA nAma padma 1. pR0 3, paMkti 27, kuvalayamAlA - DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye. 2. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa (1956), pR0 10. * dAzarathI rAma yAni AThaveM baladeva rAma ke nAma pAyA jAtA hai. yadi padmacaritam maulika racanA ** wwwm ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ *** ainelibrary.org

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wwwwwwwwmi 882 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya hotI to raviSeNa sAMpradAyika bhAvanA ko dekhate hue apane grantha kA nAma rAmacaritam hI rakhate na ki padmacaritam. jahA~-jahA~ para bhI tresaTha zalAkApuruSoM ke saMdarbha Aye haiM vahA~-vahAM para baladevoM ke vyaktigata nAmoM ke ullekha chor3a diye gaye haiM, kyoMki yadi unake nAma apanI paramparA ke anusAra ginAte to vaha mAnyatA unake grantha ke nAmakaraNa se viparIta hI ThaharatI. ina saba muddoM ke AdhAra para kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM ki padmacaritam paumacariyaM kA saMskRta rUpAntara mAtra hai. padmacaritam kA racanAkAla IsvI san 677 hai, ataH paumacariyaM isase pUrva kI racanA honI cAhie. paumacariyaM ke antaHparIkSaNa tathA anya bAhya AdhAroM para se itanA sunizcita ho jAtA hai ki yaha racanA pAMcavIM zatI ke pUrva kI nahIM aura sAtavIM zatI ke bAda kI nahIM. aba prazna yaha uThatA hai ki prazasti meM diye gaye mahAvIra nirvANa ke 520 ve varSa se kyA artha nikAlanA cAhie ? mAlUma hotA hai ki yaha mahAvIra nirmANa kA saMvat nahIM hokara aura koI dUsarA saMvat honA cAhie. isa dRSTi se zakasaMvat aura kRta yA vikramasaMvat vicAraNIya hai. zaka saMvat ke anusAra paumacariyaM kA racanAkAla 665 IsvI hogA jo raviSeNa ke padmacaritam se bAraha varSa pUrva ThaharatA hai. isa saMvat ko mAnane meM eka prabala Apatti AtI hai. AcArya raviSeNa ke grantha ko par3hane se mAlUma hotA hai ki vaha eka sAMpradAyika grantha bana gayA hai. usameM aneka sthAnoM para digambaratva kA pradarzana hai. dIkSA ko bhI daigambarI dIkSA kahA gayA hai. paumacariyaM meM isa viSaya saMbaMdhI udAratA hai. kisI saMpradAyavizeSa kI ora Agraha nahIM hai. sirpha eka hI sthAna para zvetAmbara sAdhu kA ullekha A jAne se sAMpradAyikatA nahIM A jAtI. mahattva kI bAta to yaha hai ki ve kisI saMpradAya kA pakSa lete haiM yA nahIM. grantha meM varNita aneka tattvoM kA pRthakkaraNa Aja bhI pracalita paramparAoM kI dRSTi se kiyA jAya to zvetAmbara, digambara aura yApanIya sabhI saMpradAyoM kA usa grantha meM samAveza ho jAtA hai. isIlie kucha vidvAn vimalasUri ko apane-apane saMpradAya kA siddha karane ke lie tat tat tattvoM kA sahArA lete haiM. vAstava meM bAta yaha hai ki vimalasUri ke Upara sAMpradAyikatA kA koI prabhAva nahIM hai. unhoMne jo kucha sunA, dekhA, par3hA aura paramparA se prApta kiyA usI kA varNana kiyA hai. yahAM taka ki kucha vastue~ to digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM paramparAoM ke pratikUla jAtI haiM aura kucha unake apane pUrva kathana ke bhI viparIta par3atI haiM. kalyANavijayajI kA abhiprAya hai ki sAMpradAyika pRthakkaraNa kI prathA aura eka dUsare ko zvetAmbara digambara kahane kI paramparA vikrama kI sAtavIM zatAbdI se pracalita huyI hai.' isa kaTTaratA kA paumacariyaM meM abhAva hai jabaki padmacaritam isa bhedaparaka paramparA kA mahattvapUrNa udAharaNa hai aura dhyAna dene yogya hai ki isa bhedaparaka paramparA ko dRr3ha banane meM kAphI samaya gujarA hogA, sirpha dasa yA pandraha varSa meM itanI ugratA nahIM bar3hI hogI. donoM saMpradAyoM ko yaha mAnya hai ki unakA vibhAjana vikrama kI dUsarI zatAbdI meM ho gayA thA, parantu isakA artha yaha nahIM ki usa vibhAjana ke tatkAla bAda aisI ugratA AgayI hogI. isa kaTTaratA kA bIjAropaNa eka tarapha kundakundAcArya ke samaya se huA jAna par3atA hai aura isake dRr3ha hone ke pramANa dUsarI tarapha jinabhadra ke vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM prApta hote haiM. isalie ina donoM vyaktiyoM ke bAda kI to yaha racanA ho hI nahIM sakatI. yadi aisA hotA to usa samaya kI paristhitiyoM kA prabhAva avazya paumacariyaM meM upasthita rahatA. kundakundAcArya ke bahuta pahale kI yaha racanA nahIM bhI ho to unake AsapAsa yA kucha hI samaya pUrva yA pazcAt kI honI cAhie. dUsarI dalIla yaha hai ki kyA sirpha bAraha varSa pazcAt hI raviSeNAcArya eka udAracarita kathA ko digambara rUpa dene kI himmata kara sakate the ? kyA kisI bhI kSetra se AlocanA yA virodha hone kA unako bhaya nahIM thA aura vizeSataH usa avasthA meM jaba ki unhoMne vimalasUri kA pratyakSataH smaraNa bhI nahIM kiyA thA. saMbhava yaha pratIta hotA hai ki paumacariyaM samAna rUpa se donoM pakSoM ko paryApta samaya taka mAnya rahA hogA aura samaya vyatIta hote-hote jaise-jaise sAMpradAyika kaTTaratA bar3hatI gayI taba raviSeNAcArya ne apane sampradAya meM rAmacarita viSayaka grantha kI AvazyakatA mahasUsa 1. zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra pR0 305. Jain Education Internationa

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DaoN. ke. RSabhacandra : paumacariyaM ke racanAkAla-sambandhI katipaya aprakAzita tathya : 883 kI hogI aura unhoMne padmacaritam kI racanA se usa abhAva ko pUrA kiyA. prazna yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki zvetAmbaroM ne bhI apanA pRthak sAMpradAyika graMtha kyoM nahIM racA ? isakA uttara svayaM zvetAmbarIya paramparA meM vidyamAna hai. Agama sAhitya ke jo bhI purAne graMtha the una sabako zvetAmbaroM ne apanAye rakhA, cAhe bhale hI unameM zvetAmbarIya kaTTaratA ke virodha kI bhI bAte hoM, parantu bhedabhAva aura kaTTaratA bar3hane para digambaroM ne una granthoM ko aprAmANika ghoSita karake apane lie pUrva bhitti para naye hI sAhitya kI racanA kI. isa dRSTi se zvetAmbaroM ko yaha abhAva khaTaka hI nahIM sakatA thA aura unako alaga kRti racane kI AvazyakatA bhI nahIM par3I hogI. isa taraha se 530 zaka saMvat vivAdAspada ho jAtA hai aura usako mAnane meM ApattiyAM Akara khar3I ho jAtI haiM. taba phira yahI mAnya ho sakatA hai ki ye 530 varSa kRta saMvat ke yAni vikrama saMvat ke hone cAhie. ucita yahI jAna par3atA hai ki yA to kisI lipika ne icchApUrvaka yA kisI bhUla ke kAraNa ise vikrama saMvat meM parivartita kara diyA hai. aisI bhUla kA paramparAgata eka udAharaNa bhI upalabdha hai. prabandhakoSa meM vallabhI ke patana kA samaya mahAvIra nirvANa 845 diyA gayA hai jabaki vividhatIrthakalpa meM vikrama saMvat 845 batalAyA gayA hai.' vAstava meM ise vikrama saMvat mAnanA hI ThIka hai. vikrama saMvat ke anusAra paumacariyaM kA racanA kAla 530-57-473 IsvI san AtA hai jo sabhI dRSTiyoM se ucita ThaharatA hai aura yahI paumacariyaM kI racanA kA prAmANika samaya mAnA jAnA cAhie. 10000 2. hariprasAda zAstrI, maMtraka kAlIna gujarAta, bhAga 1, pR0 157.