Pathik 1998 Vol 38 Ank 03

Author(s): Nagjibhai K Bhatti and Other
Publisher: Mansingji Barad Smarak Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/535447/1

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra DaoN. nAgajIbhAI bhaTTI, www.kobatirth.org pathika (itihAsa-purAtattvanuM eka mAtra gujarAtI mAsika) Adya taMtrI sva. mAnasaMgajI bAraDa taMtrI maMDaLa bhAratIbahena zelata, pro. subhASa brahmabhaTTa vi.saM.2054 : mAgasara varSa : 38 muM, aMka : 3 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir sana 1997 : Disembara vIrabhadra ziva, zAmaLAjI pathika kAryAlaya, C/o bho.je. vidyAbhavana, Azrama roDa, amadAvAda-380 009 For Private and Personal Use Only

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eka anubhavI IjaneranI agama-vANI zrI jI. gAMdhI porabaMdarathI dakSiNe nAgherano mAMgaroLa ane coravADa sahitano gheDavistAra kudaratI varasAda ane kudaratI rIte maLatA baraDA ane giranAranA pravAhathI sabhara che, AthI AkAzI khetIno pradeza hariyALo banato, paraMtu e uparavAsamAM paNa khetI thatI rahI. vaLI paththara e prakAranI che ke pANInI aMdara DUbela rahe (soaked) to ja enA TukaDA na thAya tathA kANAM bane nahi, chidro paDe nahi, paraMtu comAsA bAda jevuM pANI khalAsa tAya tyAre paththaro kAcA rahI jAya ane anusravaNa athavA jhamaNa vadhu thavAthI A vistAramAM comAsA pachI pANI ja na rahe. - A kAraNathI dariyo nadInuM pANI bAremAsa meLavato nathI ane ThaMDuM pANI na maLavAthI dariyAnI sapATI bhaviSyamAM upara AvI tophAna sarje evI bhaviSyavANIo u. dhruvanAM baraphanAM kAraNonI varNavI che evuM eka abhyAsamAM Avela. A bAbatamAM chApAmAM paNa noMdha hatI. AthI amoe agAu eka noMdha lakhela ke narmadAnuM pANI baMdhAI javAthI dariyAmAM ochuM pANI AvatAM dariyo najIka Avaze, e rIte porabaMdara ane mAMgaroLaverAvaLa sAme dariyAmAM nadImAM pANI ja AvatuM na hovAthI dariyo tophAnI banato raheze. A tophAnamAM dvArakAnuM kRSNamaMdira ane somanAthanuM maMdira DUbavA-bhAMgavA tUTavAno saMtoSa vidharmIone maLI jAya, paraMtu harinAM kAma hari ukelanI jema mArA tamArA jevA koI navuM vijJAna-abhiyAna lAve to kadAca bacI zake. A mATe amArA taraphathI A vistAranAM jANakArone eka vinaMtI karavAmAM Ave che ke sarakArI niyamomAM kaMika pheraphAra thAya - 50% vizvasanIyatA levAya che te mahattama varasAdanuM varSa pramANa gaNavuM tathA (2) amRtasaMcaya mATe 50% vizvasanIyatA varSanA AvarA jaththAnA 50% gaNavA, AthI jhamaNa thatAM paththaromAM baMdhanI UMDAI vadhAre Ave ane AthI paththara pANImAM DUbela rahe, AthI paththara phUTe nahi, chidrALu bane nahi ane pAkaTa bane. vaLI pANI upara hovAthI ThaMDaka paNa samadhAta banAve. ' je jaLasaMpattiyojanAo bane temAM AvuM Ayojana karavAthI siMcAizakti zarUzarUmAM ghaTatI lAge, paraMtu nIcavAsamAM pANIno phelAva (comAsAmAM) thAya che te paNa aTake ema che. samudrakAMThAnA vistAramAM ra0 mITara samacorasa rekhAe eka paththaranuM vaLuM ja che. A vaLA upara pANI phelAyeluM rahevuM jarUrI che, je khetIne paNa nukasAna na kare e mATe paNa dhyAna rAkhavuM jarUrI che ane upara kahyuM tema zrIkRSNanI dvArakA sudhI A aMge eka sarvekSaNa-AMtararASTriya kakSAnuM vicAravuM, jemAM (1) saurASTrano samagra dariyAkinAro, (2) saurASTranI uttare kacchano akhAta, (3) saurASTranI pUrvadakSiNe khaMbhAtano akhAta (sAbaramatI) naheravALo, (4) gujarAtano sAgarakinAro, (5) vaDodarA ane gujarAtanA sapATa pradezamAM TekarIonuM mahattva, (6) UrjA tarIke siMcAI mATe savalato : (a) varasAda, (ba) pravAhI pANI, (ka) kUvA-paddhati, (Da) paryAvaraNIya rIte, pAkanI rIte sthaLa jamInI keLavaNI/navasAdhyatA vagere "saMyukta" kAmagIrI thavI jarUrI che. samagra kacchane paNa A rIte vicAravAnuM che. pathika - Disembara-1997 - 1 For Private and Personal Use Only

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kacchanI topo ane kaccha myujhiyamano topasaMgraha zrI. nareza. pI. aMtANI be be vizvayuddha khelAyA pachI have trIjuM vizvayuddha na thAya ane vizvamAM zAMti sthapAya e mATenA prayAsomAM vizvanAM vividha rASTrasaMgaThano prayatnazIla che, jyAre purAtana kALamAM yuddha e eka anivArya ghaTanA hatI. vividha rAjyo vacce spardhA thatI. yuddha mATenAM anivArya astra-zastromAM topa paNa eka mahattvanuM sAdhana banI hatI. mughaloe hiMdamAM prathama vijaya topanI sahAye ja meLavyo hato tevuM itihAsa kahe che. ApaNe tyAM topo keTalAya prakAranI banatI. jayapura, maisUra ane dilhInI banAvaTanI topo mazahUra hatI. porTugIjha topo paNa utkRSTa kAma ApatI, jUnAgaDhanA uparakoTamAM rahelI nIlama ane mANeka topo jANItI che. topanI banAvaTo je te vistAranI zilpakaLAno paricaya paNa Ape che. aneka kaLAomAM nipuNa kacchI kArIgaro astra-zasa banAvavAmAM paNa pAvaradhA hatA. suMdara nakazIvALAM. hathiyAro kacchamAM banatAM, AjathI aMdAje 125 varSa pahelAM kacchamAM anya hathiyAro sAthe topa banAvavAno udyoga paNa vikasela hato. luhArI kAmanI vastuo, bArI, daravAjA, reliMga, gaDhanA daravAjA, bhAlA, khIlA. jevI suMdara kaLAmaya vastuo kacchamAM banatI. mAMDavImAM lokhaMDa gALavAnuM kArakhAnuM aDhIso jeTalA majUrothI dhamadhamatuM hatuM. neNazI vIrajI kaMsArA ane monajI tulasIdAsa topa DhALavAnuM kAma karatA. I.sa. 1884mAM A kAmagIrI baMdha thaI hovAnuM jANavA maLe che. kacchanI aneka kaLAonA janmadAtA manAtA rAmasiMha mAlamanuM paNa kacchanA topa-udyoganA vikAsamAM mahattvanuM pradAna hatuM. kacchamAM mAMDavI uparAMta ghANeTI, DagALA, ratanAla vagere sthaLoe paNa topa DhALavAno udyoga vikAsa pAmela hato. kacchanI topono upayoga yuddha mATe khUba ja alpa pramANamAM thayela che. I.sa. 1761nA jhArAnA yuddhamAM kacchanI topano upayoga thayAno ullekha maLe che, paraMtu tAlIma * vagaranA topacIone kAraNe te zarUAtamAM ja phUTI jatAM kacchanA lazkarane ja hAni thatI hatI. jamAdAra phatehamahamada jAmanagara sAthenA yuddhomAM paNa kacchI banAvaTanI topono upayoga karela hato. topo laDAI karatAM zubha prasaMgoe vadhu pramANamAM vaparAyela che, khAsa mahAnubhAvone salAmI ApavA. nAgapaMcamI, janmASTamI, rAjavI parivAramAM janma ke lagna jevA zubha prasaMgoe topa phoDavAmAM AvatI. bhUjamAM hamIrasarane kAMThe eka topa dararoja baporanA madhyAhna samaye phoDavAmAM AvatI, jeno avAja sAMbhaLI kArIgaro baporanA ArAma mATe kAma baMdha karatA ane nagarajano 'jiye rA' zabdoccAra karI kacchanA rAvanA dIrdhAyu mATe prArthanA karatA. kacchamAM topo lokhaMDanI ja banatI, mizra dhAtanI topo bahArathI AvatI. kacchamAM nAnI-moTI tamAma prakAranI topo banatI. keTalIka topo AThathI paMdara phUTa jeTalI lAMbI che. A moTI topo kacchanAM moTAM zahero bhuja, mAMDavI, muMdrA tathA aMjAranA gaDha upara goThavavAmAM AvelI. AMdhoI, kerA jevA nAnA bhAyAtonA gaDha upara paNa topo jovA maLatI, topa rAkhavI e sArvabhaumatvanI nizAnI lekhAtI. kacchamAM topone vizeSa prakAranAM nAmo paNa ApavAmAM AvatAM. sAva nAnA kadanI topa 'guDadiyo" kahevAtI, jeno upayoga zrImaMta gharomAM divALImAM dArUkhAnuM phoDavAmAM thato. vadhu avAja karatI madhyama kadanI topane "miriyama" tarIke oLakhavAmAM AvatI, jayAre "sikarA" nAme oLakhAtI topamAM jAmagarI cApatAnI sAthe ja pAchaLa haTatI ane phUTavAnI sAthe ja vega sAthe AgaLa vadhatI. bahu moTI topane "caMdana gho" tarIke oLakhavAmAM AvatI. kadamAM nAnI paNa ghaMTa-AkAranI topane "suraMga" kahevAmAM AvatI. - lokhaMDa sivAyanI mizra dhAtunI topo jesalamera, jayapura, maisUra ane dilhInI AvatI, jenI banAvaTamAM pittaLa, tAMbu, kAMsuM ane lokhaMDano upayoga thato. pathika * Disembara-1997 - 2 For Private and Personal Use Only

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topa mATeno dArU surokhAra, gaMdhaka ane kolasAmAMthI banAvavAmAM Avato. dArUne topanA nALacAmAM ThAMsIne te para sIMdarIno DUco "subA" tarIke oLakhAtA lAkaDAnA dhokA vaDe topanI aMdara ThAMsavAmAM Avato. topanA bIjA cheDe uparanI bAju nAnuM chidra rahetuM tyAM dArUnI vATa rahetI, je sIMdarInA DUcA sAthe joDAyelI rahetI. A dArUnI vATane kAkaDA dvArA saLagAvI phoDanAra topacI dUra haTI jato. topa phUTyA pachI "subA"thI tene sApha karI nAkhavAmAM AvatI. topano dArU bhUja, mAMDavI, aMjAra ane lakhapatamAM banAvavAmAM Avato. bhUjamAM myujhiyama pAsenA mahAdevanAkAnI jamaNI bAju koThA nIce silekhAnuM rahetuM. . topacI eTale topa phoDanAra. jALavaNI karanAra tarIke sumarA, noDe ane paThANa jAtinA muslimo kAmagIrI karatA. kacchanA topacIomAM padhu gulamadAra ane ajA havAladAranAM nAmo jANItAM che. ajA havAladArane biradAvatI prazasti jANItI hatI : bhUja bhaDAkA bhIDakA nAkA mAchunALa aja beTA vaMkA." topacIone tAlIma ApavAmAM AvatI. jemAM mATInA goLAono upayoga karavAmAM Avato. topanI eka sthaLethI bIje sthaLe heraphera mATe lAkaDAnI moTI topagADI banAvavAmAM AvatI. AvI topagADIo rAjayanI asavArI vakhate kADhavAmAM AvatI, jene baLada kheMcatA. topagADI para rahela topa UMcI-nIcI thaI zake, AsapAsa pharI zake tevI racanA paNa temAM karavAmAM AvatI. topa taiyAra thayA pachI tenI zaktinuM mApa kADhavA mATe phoDavAmAM AvatI. AvA eka pradarzana vakhate bhUjanA bhUjiyA DuMgara uparathI phoDavAmAM Avela topano goLo bhUjathI 30 ki.mI. dUra padhdhara gAmanI vADImAM paDyo hato. kaccha bahArathI dariyA vATe AvatI mizra dhAtunI topo tathA kacchanI taiyAra thayela toponI prApti, jALavaNI, dArUgoLAnI jALavaNI vagere mATe eka khAsa alaga khAtuM kaccha rAjaya nibhAvatuM, jenA uparIne munzI . kahevAtA, A munzI parivAranA vaMzajo Aje paNa kacchamAM munzI tarIke oLakhAya che. A munzIo rAjakArabhAramAM ' paNa niSNAta hatA. kaccha bahArathI AvatI topomAM pArTugIjha ane masUranI topo vizeSa mahattva dharAve che. kacchamAM ane maisUra rAjya vacce 18 mI sadInA aMtima varSomAM rAjakIya saMbaMdho vikasyA hatA. "maisUranA vAgha" tarIke jANItA TIpu sulatAne kaccha sAthenA saMbaMdho vadhu gADha thAya te mATe bheTa Apela topa atyAre kaccha myujhiyamanA prAMgaNamAM pradarzita thayelI che. TIpu sulatAna aMgrejo sAmenI laDAI mATe kacchI pANIdAra ghoDAo meLavavAmAM khUba ja utsuka hato ane e mATe A saMbaMdho keLavavA teNe kacchanA jamAdAra phatehamahamadane A haidarI" topa bheTa ApelI. kaccha rAjaya ane TIpu sulatAnanA vikaselA saMbaMdhonA purAvArUpa' patrAcAra atyAre madrAsanA emora khAtenA sarakArI daphatarabhaMDAramAM sacavAyelo paDela che, jemAM I.sa. 1799nA lazkarI masalatonA pustaka naM : 254-bI nA 3625 thI 3629 sudhInAM pRSThomAM maisUra ane kacchanA saMbaMdhonI vigata apAyelI che. kacchanA ghoDAonI badalImAM kacchI vepArIone nANAM athavA cokhA ApavAmAM AvatA ane vepArIo pAse maisUra rAjayanA koI paNa baMdara para koI paNa prakArano jakAta- vero levAmAM Avato nahi. kacchanA mAMDavI tathA muMdrA baMdaro para maisUra rAjyanI koThI paNa sthapAI hatI. maisUranA rAjavIe kacchane khelAta-"mAnada pozAka" tathA keTalIka bheTo mokalela hatI, jemAM "haidarI" " topa sivAya paNa ghaNI topo. maisUrathI AvatI, kemake aMjAramAM husenamiyAMe aMgrejo viruddha karela topamArAmAM je topono upayoga karela te zrIraMgapaTTama(maisuranA pATanagara)mAM banelI hatI. pathika - Disembara-1997 - 3 For Private and Personal Use Only

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AmAMnI be topo I.sa.1970mAM phatehamahamadanA hajIrAmAM bhUjamAMthI maLI Avela che, je paikI eka upara "hakUmate haidarI" evuM lakhANa jovA maLe che, jayAre anya para porTugIjha bhASAmAM lakhANa che. kacchamAM porTugIjha topo paNa sArA pramANamAM AvatI. kaccha myujhiyamano topasaMgraha : kacchamAM Aje aneka sthaLe topa jovA maLe che, je paikI keTalIka agatyanI topo bhUja khAte kaccha myujhiyamamAM pradarzita karavAmAM AvI che. A topo myujhiyamanA vizALa prAMgaNamAM pradarzita karAI che. myujhiyamamAM saMgrahavAmAM AvelI topo paikI sauthI moTI lokhaMDanI kacchI banAvaTanI topa ra78 senTimITaranI laMbAI dharAve che, jenA upara aMgrejImAM "Ara" lakhela che. I.sa. 1922nI sAla dharAvatI porTugIjha topa khUba ja suMdara alaMkaraNa dharAve che. poNA cAraso varSa jUnI A topa ahIMnA saMgrahamAMnI zreSTha topa che. mizra dhAtunI A topa para A mujabanuM porTugIjha bhASAmAM lakhANa karavAmAM Avela che : DACIDADE DEGOAFES SENO ADE 1622 PDB. aitihAsika daSTie ati mahattva dharAvatI TIpu sulatAne kaccha rAjayane bheTa Apela "haMdarI" topa myujhiyamanA prAMgaNamAM suMdara rIte lAkaDAnI topagADI upara pradarzita karAI che. topa para arabI bhASAmAM lakhANa kaMDAravAmAM Avela che. A lakhANa mujaba A topa hijarI sana 122mAM maisUra rAjayanA pATanagara zrIraMgapaTTamAM gulAma asada nAmanA kArIgare banAvela che. 700 ratalanuM vajana dharAvatI A topane TIpue tenA pitA haidara alInA nAma parathI "haidarI" nAma Apela che. topa paranuM arabI lakhANa A mujaba che : "asadullA ala gAjhabAra hAra, jamAlasIna julusa baramI AnaMda sarakAra haidarI sAla zAbAda sabhya 1226, sAhata habahama kArakhAnAM ballAMva gulAma mahamada asada kArIkara. saiyada hasana hAjarA rala vajana teha hama saidu jo majata. dAruta saltanata sAtapana haidarI". A topa calAvavAno kacchIone anubhava na hoIne tene calAvavA tathA kacchI topacIone tAlIma ApavA TIpu sulatAne eka topacI padhu gulamadArane paNa sAthe mokalelo hato. A topacI kacchanA paiDAno bhAre zokhIna hato. e zukana tarIke ke zokha tarIke kacchI peMDA khAdhA pachI ja "haidarI" nuM saMcAlana karato. enuM mRtyu bhUjamAM ja thayuM hatuM. tenI kabara bhUjamAM jamAdAra phatehamahamadanA hajIrAnA prAMgaNamAM che. | myujhiyamanA saMgrahanI sauthI noMdhapAtra ghaMTAkAra mizra dhAtunI topa che "uMdarI". topanI najIka ja mUkavAmAM AvelI 280 senTimITaranuM mukha dharAvatI gheTAkAra (morTAra) topa porTugIjha banAvaTanI hovAnuM anumAna karI zakAya che, kAraNa ke dIvanA killAmAM paNa A prakAranI topa Aje joI zakAya che. A topa kyAre banAvavAmAM AvI teno ullekha maLato nathI, paraMtu eka aMdAja mujaba cAreka so varSa jUnI manAya che. topanI sAthe tenA moTA lokhaMDanA goLA paNa sAthe joI zakAya che. A goLA polA che ane tenI upara nAnuM moTuM che tenA dvArA goLAnA polANamAM khIlA, kAca, lokhaMDanI karaco bharIne tene A moTara topa vaDe choDavAmAM AvatAM. A topanI vizeSatA che ke te dUra aMtare goLA choDI zakatI nahi, paraMtu khUba UMce sudhI goLA choDI zake che, eTale ke killAnI dIvAlanI bahArathI goLo choDatAM te killAnI dIvAla kudAvI aMdara jamIna para paTakAtAM ja phATe temAM rahela kAca, karaco, khIlA vagere sainiko ne ghAyala kare. killo bahArathI duzmano vaDe gherAI jAya tyAre aMdarathI paNa topanA goLA choDI duzmanone hAni karI zakAtI. te jamAnAnI ATalI moTI pathika * Disembara-1997 - 4 For Private and Personal Use Only

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topa bIje kyAMya jovA maLatI nathI. A prakAranI ja nAnI lokhaMDanI topa kacchamAM banelI che, je lakhapatanA gaDha para jovA maLe che. nAnI "guDadiyo" topa paNa myujhiyamanA astra-zastra vibhAgamAM pradarzita karAI che, je myujhiyamane sva. devendrabhAI mAnabhAI vorAe bheTa ApelI che. A topa para trizULa kotarAyela che. Ama aitihAsika mahattva dharAvatI topono saMgraha myujhiyamanI samRddhimAM vadhAro kare che. pAchaLanI laDAInAM sAdhano badalAyAM ane laDAIo paNa nAmazeSa thaI gaI tema anya hathiyAronI jema topaudyoga paNa nAmazeSa thaI gayo. kacchanA bhavya bhUtakALanI yAda apAvatI A topo Aje kacchamAM Thera Thera jovA maLe che. bhUja zaheramAM polIsa heDa kvArTarsamAM aneka prakAranI nAnI moTI topo suMdara rIte goThavavAmAM AvI che. A topono upayoga sarakArI bhavanonA pravezadvArane zobhAvavAmAM paNa karavAmAM Ave che. AdhoI, kerA, muMdrA ane lakhatanA gaDha upara Aje paNa topa jovA maLe che.AdhoInI topa khUba ja suMdara ane pittaLa jevI dhAtunI che. aMjAranA mekarDonA baMgalAnA prAMgaNamAM topanA goLAo khUba ja moTI saMkhyAmAM jovA maLatA, je hAle nathI. I.sa. 1819mAM aMjAramAM thayela dharatIkaMpathI topanA koThAne nuksAna thatAM pAchaLathI teno jIrNoddhAra karAyo hato, je aMgeno lekha nAyaba kalekaTara kacerImAM jovA maLe che. sAdhANanA killAmAM topamArAthI paDelAM bAkorAM topanI tAkAtanI gavAhI Ape che. kacchamAM Thera Thera agatyanI mizra dhAtunI topanI jALavaNI karavI atyaMta jarUrI che. bAkI anya sAmAnya topono upayoga sagavaDanA sAdhana tarIke karavo jarUrI che. bhuja zaheramAM topa jamInamAM UMdhI dATI kaLAtmaka thAMbhalA tarIke teno upayoga abhinaMdanIya che. saMhAranA sAdhanane sagavaDanA sAdhana tarIke upayoga karavo e ja ApaNI siddhi raheze. che. 3, nAgaravaMDI, bhuja(kaccha)-37OOO1 AbhAra :- (2) kayureTara zrI, kaccha myujhiyama, bhUja. (2) zrI dilIpabhAI vaigha, bhUja. saMdarbha :-(1) myujhiyama buleTina naM : 26 1976-77. (2) mirajA mahArAva zrI rAyadhaNajI bIjAnA samayanuM kaccha : le. DaoN. IzvaralAla ojhA. 1986. grAhakone vinaMti dareka prakAranAM grAhakone khAsa vinaMti ke dareka prakAranA patravyavahAramAM potAno 1 grAhaka nambara jarUra lakhe. na lakhyo hovAthI nAma zodhavA samagra yAdI jovI paDe che, ' T je samaya mAgI le che. - saMpAdaka | pathika , Disembara-1997 - 5 For Private and Personal Use Only

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- parama pU.guru sva. maNibhAI pu.vorA saurASTranA purAtattvanA jAgatA koza maNibhAI vorAnuM nidhana - aMjali lekha - zrI yazavaMta upAdhyAya, purAtana abhyAsu jeNuka deze jekhikA dhArI, samaTiyAmeM te nara cArI, sudAmA, gAMdhIjI, naTavarasiMhajI, cothA maNibhAI sadavicArI, zrI barjese saurASTrane bhAratanI saMkSipta AvRtti samuM kahyuM che tyAre porabaMdara paMthaka itihAsanI dRSTie saurASTranI nAnI AvRtti jevuM che. skaMdapurANamAM porabaMdarano ullekha sudAmApurI tarIke che. eno jeThavA rAjavaMza paNa saurASTramAM sauthI prAcIna che. mIrAbAIe "ramya nagarI Ika purI sudAmA ne nAme tene biradAvI che. AvA porabaMdaramAM 1905mAM jAnyuArImAM maNibhAIno janma thayo. lagabhaga 40 varSa sudhI nokarI karI 1970mAM teo nivRtta thayA. e pahelAM zikSaka ane AcArya tarIke maNibhAIe porabaMdaranI ghaNI saMsthAone ujavALI che. A arthamAM teo porabaMdaranI eka AkhI peDhInA vidyAguru rahyA hatA.' itihAsa-purAtattvavida ema. pI. vorA urphe maNilAla puruSottama vorAe tA. 5mI oNkaTobare (1997) ciravidAya letAM eka sAcA maNinI khoTa UbhI thaI che. , emanA vidvattApUrNa vyaktitvane koTivaMdanA karI temanA bALapaNanI vAta karIe to emanI kalAvRttinAM mULa to bALapaNamAM baraDA paMthakamAM vIsAvADA gAmanA gaMgAjaLiyA taLAvanI pALanA kIcaDamAMthI te ramakaDA banAvatA, emaNe zALAjIvananI AsapAsa Itara pravRttio khIlavI samAjamAM saMskArajaLa pahoMcADyuM hatuM. aneka vAra amArI sAthe vAta karatAM kahetA ke sacoTa avalokanazakita, vAcana ane anubhavathI saMskAra pAmelI kaLAvRtti javALAmukhI jema bahAra nIkaLyA vinA rahI zakatI nathI. potAno ja anubhava kahetA ke "jyAre duHkha ke ucATa thAya tyAre kAgaLo, raMgIna pensilo athavA mINa mATI laIne besI jAuM ane kAMIka karavA AMgaLA calAvuM, ema saMsAranuM jhera utAravAmAM mArI kaLA auSadha banI jAya ane utsAhathI mArI kRtio banAvavAmAM tanmayatA ne AnaMda anubhavato.' AraMbhathI ja maNibhAI saMzodhanano jIva eTale potAnI zikSaka tarIkenI kArakirdI daramyAna zaheranI janatAnAM itihAsa-purAtattva, prakRtivighA, vagere pratye ruci keLavAya e mATe teo prayatnazIla rahyA, emanA prayAsothI porabaMdaramAM 19paramAM purAtatva saMzodhana maMDaLanI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI, pazcima saurASTranA moTA bhAganAM prAkasolaMkI maMdirone prakAzamAM lAvavAno yaza zrI maNibhAI ane maMDaLane phALe jAya che. 1970mAM zrI maNibhAI nivRtta thayA. purAtattva saMzodhana maMDaLanI pravAsa, hastalikhita aMko ane anya pravRttione vega maLyo, varasanA 25 thI 30 pravAso thavA lAgyA. temanI sAthe keTalAka pravAso e mArA jIvananuM dhanya saMbhAraNuM che. purAtattvanI sAthe je te pradezanAM itihAsa, lokajIvana, rItarIvAjo, raheNIkaraNI, vanaspati, pazu, paMkhI, lokasAhitya vagerenA nirIkSaNa-abhyAsa vadhavA lAgyA. A paricayanA paripAkarUpe 'kumAra', urminavaracanA', 'svAdhyAya", pathika' vagere sAmayikomAM uttama kakSAnA lekho lakhatA, saurASTranI saMskRtinAM aneka bhulAyelAM prakaraNo AthI prakAzamAM AvyAM che. gujarAta itihAsa pariSadanA pramukha tarIke paNa maNibhAI be varSa sudhI rahyA hatA. rAjaya sarakAre purAtattva khAtAnI salAhakAra samitimAM temanI nimaNUka karelI. aMdhAre khUNe paDelA ItihAsa-purAtattvanA cAhakone zrI maNibhAI haMmezA AvakAratA rahyA, keTalAya navA abhyAsakonI AMgaLI pakaDI saMzodhana mATe preryA. bhavya bhUtakALane yAda karatA AMkho raDI paDe che. temane koTi koTi vaMdana sAthe eTaluM ja kahIza ke temanuM priya kArya apanAvavAthI kadAca eka bhavya itihAsa khUlaze ane temAMthI rato maLI raheze. pathika - Disembara-1997 - 6 For Private and Personal Use Only

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AjhAdInA smArakarUpa AMdAmAnanI selyulara jela DaoN. dharmendra ma. mAstara (madhurama, briTiza rAjaya-amalanA arasAmAM dezabhaktonI rASTrabhaktine rAjadroha mAnIne temane AMdAmAnanI selyulara jelamAM rAkhavAnI sajA pharamAvavAmAM AvatI hatI. A rIte itihAsamAM AMdAmAna TApunI jela vikhyAta sthaLa tarIke noMdha pAmI che. gurudAsapura jillAnA kAdiyAnA vatanI zrI bAburAma hari jUnA vakhatamAM "svarAjaya'nA saMpAdaka hatA. emaNe potAnA e patramAM lakhelA traNa taMtrIlekhone "rAjadrohI' TharAvIne briTiza sarakAra taraphathI temane AMdAmAnanI salyulara jelamAM goMdhI rAkhavAnI ra1 varSanI sajA phaTakAravAmAM AvI hatI. emaNe tyAM hiMdImAM lakheluM - 'o ! merI priya mAtRbhUmi, tuma kyo ro rahI ho? videziyoMkA zAsana aba khatma honevAlA hai, ve aba jAnakI taiyArI meM haiM, rASTriya zarma aura durbhAgya aba jayAdA dinoM taka nahIM rahanevAlA ! AjhAdI kI havA aba calane lagI hai, bacce aura bUDha AjhAdI ke liye lAlAyita IM! jaba bhArata AjhAda hogA hari bhI apanI AjhAdI kA AnaMda legA !" A rIte dezamAM phUlone khIlatAM pUrve ja toDavAmAM AvatAM ne svataMtratAnI vedI para tenI Ahuti apAtI. AMdAmAnanI selyulara jela AvI ja eka balidAna ApavA mATenI vedI hatI. A kArAvAsamAM bhAratanA svAtaMtryasenAnIone bhAre sajA phaTakArIne ekAMtavAsa mATe dhakelI devAmAM AvatA. A rIte bhAratIya AjhAdIjaMga sAthe eno saMbaMdha abhinna ne gADha rahelo che. netAjI subhASacaMdra bojhe ene "bhAratIya vasAhata'nuM biruda ApyuM che. netAjIe eka vaktavyamAM kahyuM hatuM : jema pheMca krAMti TANe sau prathama perisanA killAne svataMtra karI temAM rakhAyela rAjadrohI kedIone mukta karavAmAM AvyA hatA tema bhAratanA AjhAdI saMgrAmamAM prathama AMdAmAnane AjhAda karavAmAM Avaze ne tyAM rahelA ne julama sahana karI rahelA amArA dezabhaktone mukta karavAmAM Avaze. aMgrejoe benkolena, malakkA, siMgApura, arakAna ne tenAserimano evI jela-vastInA rUpamAM vikAsa karyo ke jayAM bhArata ane barmAnA upakhaMDonA gaMbhIra gunAnA AropIone dhakelI devAmAM AvatA hatA. jela-vastInI A pathika * Disembara-1997 - 7 For Private and Personal Use Only

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zreNImAM AMdAmAna chelluM hatuM, paNa bhAratabhUmi mATe to e paheluM hatuM. AMdAmAnamAM jela-vastI rAkhavAno vicAra 1957nA pahelA svAtaMtryajaMga bAda briTizone sphuryo. briTizoe e svAtaMtryajaMgane sipAIonA baLavAne nAme oLakhAvyo che. kahevAtA baMDakhoro, bahAravaTiyA, DAkuo ane rAjadrohIone dezanikAla karI daIne mokalavA mATe tyAre AMdAmAnanI pasaMdagI thaI hatI. mArca 1958mAM 200 sipAI baMDakhorono pahelo jaththo AMdAmAna mokalAvyo hato, ene kALa pANInI sajA kahevAmAM AvatI. e pachInA traNa mAsamAM evI kedIonI saMkhyA tyAM 773 thaI gaI hatI. evuM paNa manAya che ke 1958 thI 1960nA samaya daramyAna dezanA judA judA bhAgomAMthI 2000 thI 4000 jeTalA svAtaMtryasenAnIone AMdAmAna dhakelAyA hatA. e paikInA lagabhaga badhA ja tyAMnA julama-damana-kaSTa-yAtanAo sahana karatA karatA kALano koLiyo banI kurabAna thaI gayA ne jemaNe bhAgI jaIne AMdAmAnanAM jaMgalomAM Asaro lIdho te paNa motanA jaDabAmAMthI na bacI zakyA. e pachI lagabhaga eka sadI bAda 15 oNgasTa 1957nA roja AMdAmAnanA porTa bleranA marInA pArkamAM pahelA svAtaMtryasenAnInA balidAnanI smRtimAM zahIdastaMbha sthApavAmAM Avyo. kALA pANInI sajAnI paddhati e pachI to 1946thI baMdha karavAmAM AvI hatI. aMgreja rAjyakartAone Dara hato ke jo rAjadvArI baMdIone bhAratIya jelomAM rakhAze to temanA saMparkathI bIjA sAdhAraNa kedIo paNa baMDakhora vicAradhArA dharAvatA thaI jaze, eTaluM ja nahi, paNa emane badhAne eka sAthe eka ja beMphakamAM rAkhavAmAM Avaze to te badhA bhegA thaIne koIne koI paryaMtra ghaDaze, eTale evo nirNaya thayo ke rAjadvArI baMdIone koIka dUranI jagyAe kALI koTaDIomAM rAkhavAmAM Ave. eTalA mATe ja 590 kALI koTaDIovALI selyulara jelane taiyAra karIne pasaMda karavAmAM AvI. I.sa. 1889mAM e kALI koTaDIomAM sau prathama vAra Azare 80 krAMtikArIone rAkhavAmAM AvyA. e pachI ApaNA svataMtryasaMgrAmamAM i.sa.1909 thI 1921nA pahelA tabakkAmAM kula 132 rAjadvArI baMdIone AMdAmAna dhakelavAmAM AvyA. e pachI i.sa.1932 thI 1938nA arasAmAM AjhAdIsaMgrAmanA bIjA tabakkAmAM bIjA 379 jeTalA rAjadvArI baMdIone selyulara jelamAM dhakelavAmAM AvyA. julAI 1937mAM jyAre bhAratanA sAta prAMtomAM koMgrese potAnAM pradhAnamaMDaLa racyAM tyAre rAjadvArI baMdIone AMdAmAnanI jelamAMthI pAchA potAnA bhArata rASTramAM bolAvavAnI mAgaNI thaI, paNa vAraMvAra thayelI A mAgaNI, apIlo ne tenA samarthanamAM thayela dekhAvone saphaLatA na maLI tyAre 24 julAI 1937 thI 183 rAjadvArI baMdIo satata 37 divaso sudhI bhUkha haDatALa para UtarI gayelA, A ghaTanAthI samagra dezamAM cakacAra ne virodhavaMToLa UThavA pAmyAM ne vaLI bhAratanI bIjI jelomAM ya bIjA kedIo paNa e mAgaNInA samarthanamAM bhUkha-haDatAla para UtarI gayA ne samagra rASTramAM enA TekAmAM dekhAvo thayA. chevaTe sa2kAre namatuM jokhI 22 sapTembara 1937nA roja AMdAmAnathI rAjadvArI baMdIonI pehalI TukaDI bhArata AvavA ravAnA karI. Ama chatAM, 1946mAM jyAMsudhI e sajA kAnUnadhArAmAMthI rada na thaI tyAM sudhI phojadArI aparAdha badala gunegAra sAbita thanAra AropIone AMdAmAnanI dezanikAla sajA pharamAvavAmAM AvatI hatI. alIpura bomba kAMDa pataMtra, nAsika patryaMtra kesa, lAhora SaDyuMtra kesanA gaddara pArTInA krAMtikrarIono banArasa paDyuMtra kesa, caTagAMva zastrAgAra kesa, DelahausI skvera bobakesa, DhAkA patryaMtra kesa, rAjendrapura relave lUMTakesa ne barmA pataMtra kesanA rAjadvArI baMdIone briTiza zAsane dezanikAla karI AMdAmAnamAM dhakelI dIdhA hatA. rAjadvArI baMdIo sivAya anya paNa briTiza zAsanano virodha karI baMDa pokAranAra krAMtikArIone AMdAmAnanI selyulara jelamAM dhakelI devAmAM AvatA hatA, jemAM vahAbI krAMti, malabAra taTanA mopalA baMDakhoro, AMdhranA rAjyakrAMtikArIo, maNipura ne barmAnA mAravADI krAMtinA kisAna krAMtikArIono samAveza thAya che. pathika Disembara-1997 .. For Private and Personal Use Only

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e jelajIvana ghaNuM amAnavIya ane nirdaya julamathI sabhara hatuM. kedIone ocho khorAka ne vastro apAtAM ane bahu ja thAka lAge tevuM parizramavALuM kAma temanI pAse karAvAtuM. evA kAmanI Teva na hovAthI emanAthI e kAma na thaI zakatuM to temanA para damana thatuM ne temane bhayaMkara sakhata sajA apAtI, e rIte temanuM manobaLa bhAMgI nAkhavAno uddeza hato. emane vaLI haLamAM baLadanI jagyAe joDavAmAM AvatA, taduparAMta nAriyeLanA resA kADhavA, tene chuMdIne doraDAM banAvavA, pahADa koravA, jaMgalo sApha karavAM, rastA banAvavA, khADA-khAI pUravAM vagere jevAM khUba zramanAM kAmo temanI pAse karAvAtAM. ghaNuM kharAba ne bhayaMkara kAma to khUjalI thAya ne khajavALavAthI lohI nIkaLe tevA rAmathosa nAmanA ghAsamAMthI dorI banAvavAnuM kAma temane apAtuM hatuM. ApaNA svAtaMtryasenAnIonI kurabAnInI smRtimAM ne emanA sanmAna peTe 11 phebruArI 1979nA roja tyAranA vaDApradhAna zrI morArajI desAIe AMdAmAnanI e jelane rASTriya smAraka tarIke jAhera karI ane tyAM svAtaMtryasenAnIonAM balidAnonI yAda Ape tevuM saMgrahAlaya paNa yojAyuM. Ama, selyulara jelanuM bhayaMkara sthaLa ApaNI AjhAdI mATe apAyela bhavya kurabAnInI yAda ApanAruM smAraka have banyuM che je kahe che, ke "AjhAdI ApaNane sahelAIthI nathI prApta thaI." (anusaMdhAna pR. 14 nuM cAlu) pAdaTIpa 1, "vaDhavANa saMsthAnanI hakIkata' (i.sa. 1886) pR.1 (va.saM.ha) 2. ejana, pR.3 3. ejana, pR.4 4. ejana, pR.4 5. jeThamala svAmI 'dAjIrAjanuM jIvanacaritra' (i.sa.1941) pR. 87. 6. "va.saMha', pR.5 7. vijaya dharmasUri (saM.) "prAcIna lekhasaMgraha bhAga-1 lekhana-2 (prA.la.saM.) 8. ejana, lekha naM-4 9. 'va.saM.ha', pR.8 10. ra.cho. parIkha ane ha.gaM.zAstrI (sa) 'gujarAtano rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika itihAsa graMtha-4, pR.50 (gu.rA.sA.i) 11. ejana, pR.119 12. ejana, pR. 120 tathA merUtuMga prabaMdha ciMtAmaNi', pR. 79 (ma.zi) 13. ejana, pR. 60 tathA merUtuMga "prAci." pR. 79 14. ejana, pR. 8 15. prA.ve.saM.. lekha naM-7 16. ejana, lekha naM-15 17. ejana, lekha naM-24 18. ejana, lekha naM-25 19. tyAzraya saM. 16 glo 14 tathA gu.rA.sAM.i. graMtha-4, pR. 120 20. uparyukta prAci.' pR. 96 tathA "gu.rA.sAM.i." graMtha-4, pR. 120 21, gu.rA.sAM.i. graMtha-4, pR.220 22. vividhairtha , g. 78 bAra saMvaya chasaTTe vikrama saMvacchare devANaMdasUrihiM paDaThThie // pathika * Disembara-1997 - 9 For Private and Personal Use Only

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vaDhavANa anuzrutika draSTie zrI. pareza pI. mahetA vaDhavANa zahera ane jUnI hakIkata : hAla je ThekANe vaDhavANa zahera che tyAM zrIkRSNanA vakhatamAM kahe che ke eka maNipura nAme zahera vaseluM hatuM, jayAM pAMDavo mAMhenA arjunano dIkaro babruvAhana rAja karato hato.' jaina zAstramAM sADA 25 1ra Arya dezo kahyA che. A dezomAM dharmasaMbaMdhI koI aDacaNa vagara jaina loko jaI zake che tethI tene Arya dezo kahe che. paMcAlamAM kapilapura mukhya zahera hatuM, jyAM mahAvIra svAmInI pahelAM ghaNI mudata upara (i.sa.pUrve 5000 varSa upara) brahmadatta rAjA rAja karato hato. A bahAdatta rAjA viSe 'sakanAvalI' nAmanA pustakamAM nIce mujaba hakIkata lakhela che : "brahmadatta nAnI vayano hovAthI tenA bApe maratI vakhate rAjayano kArabhAra tenA vajIrane soMpyo hato, je pAchaLathI nimakaharAma thayo ane jayAre brahmadattanA jANavAmAM A vAta AvI tyAre teNe vajIrane Thapako Ayo, paNa vajIre A kharAba cAla choDavAne badale tenI mAnA kAna bhaMbheryA (brahmadattanA viruddha samajAvI), jethI teNIe eka lAkhano mahela banAvyo ane temAM brahmadattane sUvA mokalIne te mahelane Aga lagAvI. A thatuM hatuM tyAre ghAtakI irAdA tathA bhayaMkara mahela saMbaMdhI kahIkata brahmadattanA eka kArabhArInA jANavAmAM AvI, je uparathI teNe potAnI nokarI choDI ane kapilapurathI thoDAka gAu upara nadInA kAMThe eka dAnazALA bAMdhI temAM rahyo. teNe A dAnazALAthI navA banatA mahela sudhI eka suraMga (jamInanI aMdara chUpo rasto) karAvI jyAre mahela saLagyo tyAre brahmadattane tenA kAmadArano dAkaro suraMgamAM thaIne dAnazALAmAM lAvyo ane teno jAna bacAvyo. mahela baLIne bhasma thaI gayo. A pramANe thayA pachI brahmadatta tathA tenA kArabhArIe chAnI rIte potAno deza choDI dIdho. tyAra pachI keTalAMka varSe teo pAchA ghera AvyA ane rAjyanI lagAma potAnA hAthamAM laI vajIrane mAryo tathA potAnI mAne kADhI mUkI. evuM anumAna thAya che ke hAla A jagyAe prAMgadhrAnuM gAma kAtroDI che tyAM kapilapura hatuM ane dAnazALA, vaDhavANa sivila sTezananI najIka "dhoLIdhajA' nAmanI jagyA che tyAM hatI. dhoLIdhajAnuM bhoyaruM (suraMga) brahmadattanA kArabhArInA banAvela rastAno bhAga hoya ema anumAna thAya che. mahAvIra svAmI : Azare 2500 varSa pUrve vaDhavANamAM keTalIka mudata sudhI jainanA covIsamA tIrthaMkara mahAvIra svAmI rahyA hatA ema kahevAya che. A vAtane jainanA 'kalpasUtra' mAMe nI lakhelI vAtathI puSTI maLe che. , ' "eka musAphara vepArI nAme dhanadeva tenAM pAMcaso gADAM sahita vegavatI (hAlamAM vaDhavANa pAse bhogavatI agara bhogAvo kahevAya che te) nadI UtaratAM teno eka baLada thAkI gayo, vaLI tene nadInI retImAM thaIne ghaNAM gADAM laI javAno zrama paDavAthI te nakAmo thayo.vepArIe baLadane zaheranA te vakhate zuM nAma haze te jaNAyuM nathI) lokone soMpyo ane temane keTalAka paisA ApI te baLadanI sArI rIte saMbhALa rAkhavA kahyuM, paraMtu lokoe tenI saMbhALa rAkhI nahIM ane Akhare bhUkha-tarasathI te baLada marI gayo. A baLada marIne zuLapANa nAme yakSa thayo. A verabhAvathI teNe zaheranA ghaNA loko ne temanAM, ghoDA jAnavaro sahita mArI nAkhyA, AthI tyAM hADakAMno moTo Dhagalo thayo ane tene lIdhe zaheranuM nAma badalAIne "asthigrAma athavA "aThAIgrAma' paDyuM . pathika Disembara-1997 - 10 For Private and Personal Use Only

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zuLapANa yakSa :- * 'mahAvIra svAmI musApharI karatA ane judI judI jagyAe comAsu gujAratA hatA. eka comAsAnI RtumAM rahevA sAru teo "asthigrAma " AvyA ane te yakSanA nAmathI poThiyAnI sthApanA lokoe karI pUjA karatA hatA tyAM UtaryA. tenI pratimA sthApI tyArathI koI vadhAre khUna athavA nuksAna karavuM yakSe baMdha karyuM hatuM, paraMtu e jagyAe koIe UtaravuM nahIM ema yakSe hukama karyo hato. yakSanA A hukamathI viruddha mahAvIra svAmIe karyAthI pakSe mahAvIra svAmIne harakata karavA mAMDI, paNa teno saghaLo prayata niSphaLa gayo. yakSane A pramANe mahAvIra svAmInI mahattAnI khAtrI thaI * tyAre pote teno ziSya thayo ane tenA maMdiramAM mahAvIra svAmInAM pagalAMnI sthApanA karAvI dIdhI. A jagyA A kAraNathI tIrthane mATe prakhyAta thaI ane ghaNA dUradUrathI jaina loko darzana karavA AvavA lAgyA. A vakhatathI asthigrAma zaheranuM nAma badalAIne mahAvIra svAmI je vardhamAna svAmI kahevAya che temanA nAma uparathI "vardhamAnapura' athavA 'vardhamAnapurI' nAma paDyuM." vardhamAnapura: vaDhavANa hAla paNa vadhamAnapura kahevAya che ane vaDhavANathI pUrva tarapha bhogAvA nadInA dakSiNa kinAre Azare aDadhA gAu upara devaLamAM mahAvIra svAmInAM pagalAM ane zuLapANa yakSano poThiyo che A devaLa tathA vaDhavANa zahera jaina lokonI jAtrAnI eka jagyA che ema Aja sudhI gaNAya che. prakhyAta kavi zAmaLa bhaTTe paNa tenI "suDA bahoterInI kalpita vArtAmAM lakhyuM che ke "jaina dharmanA eka jatIe vaDhavANanI ghaNI jAtrAo karI hatI." gaMdharvasena : ujajainanA prakhyAta rAjA vikramano pitA gaMdharvase traMbAvaTI (hAla khaMbhAta kahe che te)mAM rAja karato hato tyAre teNe keTaloka vakhata vaDhavANamAM paNa rAja karyuM hatuM ema kahevAya che. kadAca vaDhavANa tenuM rAjadhAnInuM zahera nahIM hoya topaNa te rAjAnA tAbAmAM to kharekhara hovuM ja joIe, kemake "gadhepIDI' nAmanuM eka taLAva AveluM che tathA jUnA 'gayAM' nAmanA sikkA (A baMne gaMdharvasenanA nAmathI kahevAtA hoya ema) vaDhavANathI pazcima tarapha Azare aDadhA. mAIlanI aMdaramAM ke jayAM pUrve vardhamAnapura vaseluM hatuM ema kahevAya che tyAM mAlUma paDe che. rAjAo ane temano samaya : 'jUnA zahera tarIke vaDhavANa jeTaluM prakhyAta che teTaluM jUnA saMsthAna tarIke prakhyAta nathI. haLavadanA caMdrasiMhajInA moTA dIkarA athIrAjajIe vikramanA sattaramA saikAnI adhavaca eTale saMvata 1660nA arasAmAM vaDhavANanuM hAlanuM rAjaya sthApana karyuM te pahelAM vaDhavANa konA tAbAmAM keTakeTalI mudata rahyuM athavA te koI vakhata koI rAjAnuM mukhya zahera hatuM ke nahIM te vize cokkasa jANavAmAM AvatuM nathI, paraMtu tavArIkha, daMtakathA, zilAlekho uparathI nIcenI lakhela hakIkata maLI Ave che. A soraTho lokomAM sAdhAraNa rIte bolAya che : 'vaLA ne vaDhavANa, pATaNa zahare pachI vasyuM'. A uparathI aNahIlavADa pATaNa saMvata 802nI sAlamAM vasyuM te pahelAMnuM vaDhavANa zahera vaseluM hatuM, eTaluM ja nahIM, paNa vaLA ane pATaNa jevAM rAjadhAnInAM zaheronA darajajAnuM vaDhavANa hatuM ema anumA karI zakAya che. (1) valabhInA vALA rAjapUta rAjAnI tArIphamAM bhATa loko nIce lakhela dUho bole che : *vaDhavANe ebhala vase, le samIpa be lAkha, bhAle irAnI bhaMjiyo, sUraja pUre zAkha.' pathika * Disembara-1997 - 11 For Private and Personal Use Only

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A dUhAmAM lakhelo ebhala valabhInA rAjA i.sa. 295 (saMvata 351)mAM thayo. te vaDhavANamAM rahelo ane irAnanA koI saradAra sAthe laDAI thaI hatI. A hakIkata uparathI anumAna thaI zake che ke vaDhavANa keTalIka mudata sudhI valabhInA tAbAmAM rahyuM haze. (2) I.sa.717 (saMvata 773)nA eka tAmrapatramAM lakheluM che ke vaDhavANamAM "cApa' (cApotkaTa eTale cAvaDA) vaMzano dharaNIvarAha rAjA rAja kare che ane te rAjA maNiuLadevanA tAbAmAM che (A maNipALadeva valabhIno rAjA haze ema anumAna thAya che), tethI pATaNa vasyA pahelA paMcAsara, dIva ane saurASTranAM kaMThALanAM keTalAMka gAmo upara cAvaDAno amala hato e vAta tavArIkhomAM prasiddha che. te jotAM vaDhavANa keTalIka mudata sudhI cAvaDAnA hAthamAM raheluM kahevAne majabUta kAraNa maLe che. tyArabAda siddharAja, kumArapALa, varadhavala ne vizaLadevanI aitihAsika hakIkata vAMcIe chIe te uparathI tathA vaDhavANa zaheranAM jUnAM bAMdhakAmo ane zilAlekho dhyApamAM letAM kahI zakAya che ke cAvaDA pachI pATaNamAM thayelA solaMkI ane vAghelA rAjAonA tAbAmAM vaDhavANa vikramanA caudamA saikAnI adhavaca sudhI raheluM hatuM. uparanI hakIkata uparathI jaNAya che ke vikramanA sattaramA saikAnI adhavacamAM prathIrAjajIe vaDhavANamAM rAjyanI sthApanA karI te pahelAM vaDhavANa zahera judAM judAM rAjayonA tAbAmAM rahyuM hatuM, paraMtu te koIpaNa vakhate koI paNa vaMzanA rAjAonuM rAjadhAnInuM zahera thayuM hoya eTale khAsa vaDhavANanuM ja rAjaya kahevAtuM hoya evuM mAlUma paDatuM nathI.' vaDhavANa abhilekhonI daSTie :-- 1. saMvata 1136 phAlguna padi 4 zrI aMDAlijIya gacche zrI 2. jIvadevAcAryasaMtAne kuMbhAnAja pratibaddha soDhasutA zAMtinA svazre 3. yortha zrIzAntinAthapratimA kArApitA . jyAre e ja moTA derAsaranI bhamatImAM parikaranI nIce A pramANe lekha che : 1. saMvata 1174 phAlguna vadi 4 zrIsaravAlasaMsthita 2. gacchapratipAlaka zrIjinezvarAcArya zrIvardhamAnapure pari-mahaNa rU, suta.....tane.....sevazreyArdha zrI sI(za)tta vapratimA vAritA. A lekhamAM vardhamAnapurano ullekha jovA maLe che, paraMtu pATaNanA ke anya koI rAjavInuM nAma maLatuM nathI. A samaya daramyAna aNahillapATaka (aNahilavADa)mAM cApotkaTa (cAvaDA) sattAno aMta AvI gayo hato ane tyAM caulukya (solaMkI) vaMzanI sattA sthapAI cUkI hatI. uparyuka lekhonA samaya daramyAna pATaNamAM mULarAja 1lo (vi.saM. 998-1053), cAmuMDarAja (vi.saM. 10pa3-1066), vallabharAja (vi.saM. 1066-67), durlabharAja (vi.saM. 167 che ane bhImadeva 1lo (vi.saM. 1078-1120) ratA bhogavI cUkyA hatA. temanA rAjayaamala daramyAnanA koI abhilekho vaDhavANamAMthI prApta thayA nathI. uparyata abhilekho pATaNapati karNadeva 1lA (vi.saM.1120-1150)nA ane tyArabAda solaMkI rAjayane samRddhinA zikhare pahoMcADa-pAra rAjavI siddharAja jayasiMhanA rAjaya-amala daramiyAnanA solaMkI rAjavI siddharAjano nAmollekha dharAvato eka abhilekha maLyo che, je vaDhavANa upara solaMkI sattAno sucaka gaNAya, vaDhavANanI bAjumAM ja vahetI bhogAvo nadImAM keTalAka kuMDa hovAnuM noMdhAyuM che ane loko pasAyI bhagavAnanA kuDa' kahetA. siddharAjanA samakAlIna jUnAgaDhanA rAjavI rA'kheMgAra upara vera levA jatI vakhate siddharAje caDAInI taiyArI mATe thoDo samaya vaDhavANamAM mukAma rAkhelo. A vakhate eNe vaDhavANa pharato killo karAvyAnuM kehavAya che. jo ke A gaDha pAchaLathI ghayelI laDAImAM dhvasta thayelo che Ajano gaDha tyAra pachI banelo. saMbhava che ke tene kAraNe pathika , Disembara-1997 * 12 For Private and Personal Use Only

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koI abhilekha temAM bacyo nahIM hoya, je kuMDanI upara mujaba vAta karI te kuMDanI nizAnIo vaDhavANa rAjaya samaye jovA maLelI, AthI vaDhavANa rAjaye tyAM ukhkhanana karAvatA eka kaMDa maLI Avelo. loko e kuMDane pavitra mAnI temAM snAna karatA. vi.saM.1937nI. sAlamAM maLI Avelo A kaMDa "karazana kuvA sAme uparanA kAMThe mALInA kuvA pAse hato. temAM bhagavAna zeSazAyInI mUrtinI pIThikA upara nIce pramANe lekha vaMcAyo hato tema vaDhavANa rAjaye noMdhyuM che : saMvata 1192 zrAvaNa vadi 11 vadhi siddharAja jayasiMha rAjakumAra vAhaDa nArAyaNa raTA // siddharAja jayasiMha vi.saM. 1192nA mAgasara sudhImAM to mALavA upara adhikAra dharAvato thaI gayo hato tyAra pahelAM eNe soraTha upara vijaya meLavI lIdho haze. "siddhacakravartI' biruda enA A vijayane laIne paDyuM haze. AgaLa jatA prabaMdhomAM "jayasiMha' nA badale "siddharAja" nAma pracalita banyuM. vaDhavANanA kuMDano uparyukta lekha siddharAja jayasiMhanA nAmollekhanA kAraNe noMdhapAtra che. kumAra vAhaDa paNa jANItuM nAma che. vAhaDa udayana mahetAno putra hato. te kumArapALano mahAmAtya (vi.saM. 1213) hato.12 ahIM ulikhita "kumAravADa" e udayanano putra vAhaDa hoya to eno pitA udayana siddharAjanA rAjayakALanA aMtima samayamAM staMbhatIrthamAM hato. eka bIjI zaMkA paNa udbhave che ke "kumAra" vize paNa vAhaDa mATe vaparAI zake nahi. sAmAnyataH rAjaputrane "kumAra" saMjJAthI oLakhavAmAM Avato saMbhave che ke vAMcanAre vahilane badale vorDa vAMcyuM hoya to kumAra cAhaDane siddharAje potAno putra mAnelo. A badhAM anumAno che hakIkata to e che ke siddharAjanI sattA vaDhavANa sudhI vistarelI hatI ane tenI khAtarI karAvato kuMDa vaDhavANanI bhogAvo nadInA kinAre hato, je Aje naSTa thayo che ke retInA thara nIce dabAI gayo che. eka noMdha evI paNa maLe che ke jaina dharmanAM pArzvanAtha tathA cakrezvarInI mUrtio vaDhavANa rAjyanA vakhate doDhaso- eka varSo pahelAM tUTI gayelA killA mATe paththaronI khANa khodatAM maLI AvI, ethI lokoe te mUrtio hastagata karI tene "bhairava' ane 'vAghezvarI" nAma ApIne sthApana karela, je Aje paNa pUjAya che. enA upara koI lakhANa hovAnI noMdha nathI. paraMtu saMvata 1194no eka lekha vaDhavANanA moTA derAsaranA parikara nIce A pramANe lakhAyelo che : saMvata 1194 mAgha zudi 6 'bhU(bhau)me zrIvardhamAnapure zrIsaravAlagacche zrIjinezvarAcAryasaMtAne Tha devAnaMdena svamAtuH sajjaNizreyArthe zrIvimalanAthapratimA kArApitA // 15 vaDhavANanA jainanA mukhya derAsara mATenI vRSabhadevanI pratimAnA besaNInA paththara upara saMvata 1194nI sAlano eka zilAlekha che. A zilAlekhano bIjo bhAga vAMcI zakAto nathI A pratimA sAtheno paththara paNa bhoMyarA pA nAmanA sthaLethI maLyo hato ema kahevAya che : saMvata 1212 mAgha zudi 11 zrIvardhamAnapure zrIsaravAlagacche zrIjinezvarAcAryasaMtAne ugama caMDasutena vausinA mAtu: morizreyArthe zrI vAsa(su)pUna(2)pratimA mAritA Ama jaina paraMparAmAM sAmAnyataH gacchanuM nAma, AcAryanuM nAma temaja pratimA karAvanAranuM tathA tenAM mAtA ke pitAnuM nAma jovA maLe che. kyAreka magaranA nAmano ullekha paNa thato hoya che. e ja pramANe saravAla gaccha surendranagara jillAnA methAna pAsenA evA ja eka prAcIna sthaLa saravAlanI smRti karAve che. vardhamAnapura (vaDhavANa) pathika 9 Disembara-1997 - 13 For Private and Personal Use Only

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no ullekha avAranavAra thato rahyo che. saMvata 22 varSa . saMvata pachInuM lakhANa bALabodha lipine maLatI koI anya lipimAM hovAthI vAMcI zakAtuM nathI. koI vidvAna e mATe vadhu prayatna kare to vizeSa prakAza pADI zake evI noMdha vaDhavANa rAjaye karelI, paraMtu Aje e lekha paNa kyAMya jovA maLyo nathI. vaDhavANamAM be vAvo lAkhavAva ane gaMgAvAva tarIke oLakhAya che. A banne vAvo vizaLa vAghelInI lAkha ane gaMgA nAmanI be khavAsaNoe baMdhAvelI kahevAya che. lAkhuvAvamAM koI zilAlekha nathI, paNa gaMgAvAvamAM eka saMvata 1225nI sAlano che. A zilAlekha tenA eka staMbha upara ghaNo lAMbo kotarelo che ane te eTalo badho ghasAI gayo che ke teno thoDo bhAga ja vAMcI zakAya che. to paNa tene 1936nI sAlamAM vAMcavAno prayAsa karAyo ane te staMbha pANIthI lIla vaLI gayelI te dUra karAvI tathA hoziyAra vAMcanArAomAM karnala vaoNTasana sAhebanA mokalela mANaso paNa hatA. vaDhavANanA moTA derAsaramAM mahAvIra svAmInI kALA ArasamAMthI kaMDArAyelI eka suMdara pratimA che temAM... saM 1243 varSa kArtika vadi pU.bho(bhau)me zrAvikA ghAMTINanAmazreyArthe mahAvIrabiMba kArApitA // 7 zrAvikAnuM ghAMTINa nAma vaDhavANanI khAMDIpoLanuM smaraNa karAve che. teNe mahAvIra svAmInI pratimA karAvyAnuM noMdhela che : . saMvata 1249 varSe jyeSTa(STha) sudi 10 budhe zrI yAdUsutA ratnI tasyAH svapalyAzreyArtha zreH chAhaDena zrIneminAthabiMba kAritaM zrI devAnaMdasUribhiH pratiSThASThitaM // 18 / zreSThI chADa ke cAhaDa te samayanuM jANItuM nAma hatuM. e nAmanA be ullekho maLe che; eka cAhaDa kumArapALanI hastizALAno uparI hato ane bIjo cAhaDa udayana maMtrIno putra hato. 20 atyAra sudhI jinezvarAcAryasaMtAnonI bolabAlA hatI. jinezvarAcArya ane emanA bhAI buddhisAgarasUri e be gurubhAIo hatA. temanI sAthe A jinezvarAcAryane koI saMbaMdha jaNAto nathI, jyAre devAnaMdasUrie saMvata 1266mAM pATaNamAM kokA vasahInA jinamaMdiranI pratimAonI pratiSThA karavI hatI. A jo devAnaMdasUri hoya to vaDhavANa te vakhate paNa jaino mATe mahattvanuM sthaLa hoya tema jaNAya che. mAdhAvAva :- (saMvata. 1350) pATaNanA chellA rAjA vAghelA karaNanA mAdhava ane kezava nAmanA kArabhArIo hatA. A vAta prakhyAta che ke mAdhavanI patnIne rAjA baLajabarIthI laI gayo ane mAdhavanA bhAI kezavane mArI nAkhyo. A uparathI mAdhava dilhI gayo ane allAuddIna bAdazAhanI phoja lAvIne saMvata 13paranI sAlamAM karaNanA rAjayano cheDo ANyo. vaDhavANa zaheranA pazcima bhAgamAM sarvathI moTI vAva e mAdhAvAva che. A vAva e ja mAdhave baMdhAvI che ane temAM be nAnI paththaranI pratimAo eka bIjAnI pAse UbhI karelI che ane tenA zilAlekha uparathI jaNAya che ke A vAva paNa pATaNa rAja tUTyuM te vakhate baMdhAyela haze. Ama, vaDhavANane Anuzrutika temaja aitihAsika dRSTie joIe tyAre jaNAya che ke vaDhavANa e prAcIna nagarI haze, Aje paNa amUlya kalAvArasArUpe tenAM prAcIna sthApatyo tyAMthI maLI AvatA zilAlekho parathI jaNI zakAya che. (anusaMdhAna pR. 9 nI nIce cAlu) pathika * Disembara-1997 * 14 For Private and Personal Use Only

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rASTriya laData ane kavi zrItribhuvanabhAI vyAsa | DaoN. rami tri. vyAsa ApaNI rASTriya cetanA jAgrata ane kriyAnvita thaI tenA paDaghA tatkAlIna sAhityamAM jhilAyA. laDate sAhitya upara asara pADI ane sAhitya laDatamAM joma ApyuM. rASTriya laDatamAM jaliyAMvAlAno banAva prajAnA hRdaya upara camacamI UThe tevA prakAra samAna hato. te hatyAkAMDa thayo amRtasaramAM, paNa samagra prajA jANe ke zoNitabhInI thaI gaI. te prasaMganI prajAnI saMvedanA eka kAvyakRti dvArA kevI rIte vyakta thaI e ane te saMbaMdhI je nAno evo itihAsa atyAra sudhI apragaTa che tenA para prakAza pADavAno udeza che. tribhuvanabhAI vyAsa (1888-1975)-saurASTranA jUnA sAvara (ji. bhAvanAgara)nA vatanI-eNe 18 varSanI vaye gIra paMthakanA eka gAmaDAmAM zikSaka tarIke kArakirdInI zarUAta karI te samaye kavitA lakhavAnuM paNa zarU kareluM. amarelImAM 8 varSa sudhI zikSaNakAma karyA bAda zrI ThakkarabApAnA kehavAthI gAyakavADa sTeTanI nokarI choDI khAdIkAmamAM joDAyA. A kAma 2 - 2 varSa cAlyuM. te pachI gAMdhIjIe asahakAranI laData pAchI kheMcI letAM khAdI pravRttimAM paNa oTa AvI, A ra-ra varSano gALo 1920 thI 22 daramyAnano. A samayagALA daramyAna temaNe 'ratanabAnA garabA'- nI 32 lITIo lakhelI (tA. 12-9-1920), khAdIkAma baMdha thatAM tribhuvanabhAIe thoDA (traNeka mahinA rANapuramAMthI nIkaLatA "saurASTra' sAptAhikamAM kAma karyuM ane tyAra bAda amadAvAda 'navajIvana' kAryAlayamAM joDAyA. ahIM temane svAmI AnaMda, kAkAsAheba kAlelakara, mahAdevabhAI desAI tathA jugatarAmabhAI dave sAthe kAma karavAno avasara maLyo. 1922 thI 1925 sudhI teo 'navajIvana'mAM hatA. amadAvAda AvatAM pahelAM temaNe je grAmajIvanano ane nisargano nikaTano paricaya meLavyo hato te kAvyajharaNarUpe pragaTa thayo. temaNe racelAM A kAvyone navAM gIto bhA-1 tathA bhA-2 nAme svAmI AnaMde navajIvana taraphathI pragaTa karyA. navAM gIto bhA-1nI prastAvanA zrI jugatarAma davee tathA bhAga-2nI prastAvanA kAkAsAhebe lakhelI, paraMtu gujarAtanI prajA samakSa temanI prathama jAhera kavitA "ratanabAno garabo' mahAdevabhAIe rajU karI. tribhuvanabhAIe 'huM pote' zIrSakathI lakhelA hastalikhita paricayamAM A aMge noMdha maLe che : "jaliyAMvAlAno kAramo banAva banyo te aMge gAMdhIjInA je lekho AvatA tenI asara khUba thaI ethI sane 1920mAM 'ratanabAno garabo' lakhavA mAMDyo. tenI 32 lITI lakhAyA bAda paDyo rahyo. te 1923nI sAlanA eprilamAM traNa varSa pachI navajIvana kAryAlayamAM pUro thayo (88 lITa). mahAdevabhAI tathA jugatarAmabhAI davene te batAvyo. temaNe turata ja chUTatI ophise kampojhiTarone rokIne khAsa kopIo kaDhAvI jude jude sthaLe mokalI dIdhI. 'navajIvana'mAM 1023nA 13 mI eprilanA 7mA aMkamAM A garabo chapAyo hato.' A garabAnI asaMkhya nakalo kaDhAvI, gujarAta, kAThiyAvADa ane kacchamAM eprila saptAhanA kAryakramomAM mokalavAmAM AvI. amarelInA aMdha kavi zrIhaMsarAjabhAIe A garabo aneka sabhAomAM gAIne lokone karuNarasamAM DubADyAM hatAM. A garabAne kAraNe aMgreja sarakAra temane pakaDavAnI taiyArI karatI hatI tevuM paNa sAMbhaLavA maLeluM. te daramyAna navajIvananA pachInA aMkamAM te kRti chapAI mane tenA upara mahAdevabhAIe potAno abhiprAya-lekha chApyo tethI kadAca sarakAre pakaDavAnuM baMdha rAkhyuM. A prakArano ullekha zrI tribhuvanabhAIe "gujarAta mitra'nA taMtrI zrIvallabhadAsa akkaDane tA. 19-1-56nA roja lakhela patramAM karelo che : 'ratanabAno garabo" jaliyAMvAlA bAganA banAva aMge hato. ratanabAI nAmanI eka strIno pati caudharI chAja bhagata jaliyAMvAlAnA hatyAkAMDano bhoga banela. jaliyAMvAlA bAganI sabhAmAMthI te pAcho na pharatAM ratanabAI mArzala lo hovA chatAM rAtanA aMdhArAmAM ekalI gaI, patinA zabane zodhyuM ane AkhI rAta tyAM besI rahI. A prasaMgane nimitte A garabAmAM hiMdanA itihAsanI AchI jhalaka, aMgreja rAjayanA julama ane ratanabAInI nIDaratA varNavI che. (garabo pathika . Disembara-1997 - 15 For Private and Personal Use Only

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pariziSTa-1mAM che. ) A garabAnA anusaMdhAnamAM mahAdevabhAI desAIno je lekha pragaTa thayo hato temAM temaNe jaNAvyuM che ke "jema IzunA balidAna aMge lakhAyuM ane cihno thayAM te yahUdIo para vera kAyama rAkhavA nahIM, jema vAlmIki tulasIdAse sItAharaNa gAyuM te rAvaNane gALo ApavA mATe nahIM, kemake itihAsa lohItarasyo ke verabhUkhyo nathI. itihAsa ane prajA to nirdoSa zuddha balidAnanI yAda saMghare che ane saMgharaze. ratanabAno je amara garabo tA. 13mI e ApavAmAM Avaze tenA kavie tenA garabAne aMte eTaluM ja kahyuM che ke "satInA guNa je gAze te nirmaLa thAze ratanabA !' itihAsamAM to 13mInA divasa balidAnanuM ane ratanabAnA guNanuM pavitra smaraNa ja avazeSa raheze, paNa Aje to ApaNe itihAsa racI rahyAM chIe. hajI jaliyAMvAlA bAganuM prakaraNa pUruM thayuM nathI. aMgreja sarakAranuM kAyara-hRdaya je hajI sudharyuM nathI te ApaNAthI kema vIsarAya? rASTriya saptAhamAM sarakArane tobA pokAravAno nizcaya AkhI prajA kare che ane ratabAne yAda paNa kare che. e tobA pokArAyA pachI to kevaLa ratanabAnI nirmaLa karanArI yAda ja itihAsane pAne avazeSa raheze : 'pApe pApInuM jAze, ne vAtuM thAse - ratanabA ! satInA guNa je gAze, te nirmaLa thAze - ratanabA !" A garabAnA anusaMdhAnamAM tribhuvanabhAIne pakaDavAnI je vAta havAmAM hatI te mATe temaNe taiyArIrUpe potAnuM nivedana taiyAra karI rAkheluM. pensilanA akSarothI lakhela A ekarAramAMtemaNe lakhyuM che ke temanI A nAnakaDI kavitAnI sAmrAjayanI sarakAre je kadara karI che tethI sAnaMdAzcarya thAya che. teoe lakhyuM che ke hRdayanI svAbhAvika sAcI Urmione rokavI durghaTa che ethI ahIM rajU thayelI mArI kavitA ene ja pariNAme lakhAI che. 'ratanabAno garabo" e Arya pativratA, jene amArAM zAstro devI samAna gaNe che, tenuM guNagAna ja che....paMjAbanA atyAcAro A sarakAre paNa kabUla karyA che tathA hiMdI prajAkIya kamizananA riporTamAM haja tenI rajeraja bInAo akhaMDitapaNe duniyA samakSa mojuda che. e bInAne eka sadgaNI vyaktinA guNagAnane aMge nirdeza karavI e guno thAya che ema huM mAnato nathI chatAM paMjAbanA bIjA aneka atyAcAro, jene ratanabA nAma sAthe saMbaMdha nathI, teno A kavitAmAM uccAra paNa nathI, jo e badhI bInAonI kALI bAju cItarAya to e mahAkaNa kAvya udbhave tema che. paNa ahIM to mAtra ratanabAnAM guNagAnane ja hetu che e samajAze ja. A sivAya deza je sthitimAMthI atyAranI hAlatamAM Avyo che te to sAco ane aitihAsika nirdeza mAtra che ene mATe vAparelA zabdo sarakAranA pracalita TIkAkAronA zabdo karatAM narama chaeN ane dveSa rahita che ema khAtarIthI mAnuM chuM chatAM sarakAra tene guno TharAvavA makkama hoya to eka nirdoSa AropI tarIke sajA khamavA huM khuza chuM, eTaluM ja nahIM, paNa jelayAtrAno lAbha A dezanA pavitra ane nirdoSa mahApuruSo bhAgIratha sevAne pariNAme pAmyA che te mArA jevo mAmUlI ekAda doSahIne kavitAmAM satya AcaratAM meLave e bahumAna mATe izvarano ane A sarakArano upakAra ja gaNAya." (A prakAranuM nivedana taiyAra rAkheluM, paraMtu pachI sarakAre pakaDyA nahIM tethI kyAMya rajU karavAno prazna rahyo nahIM.) eprilanA jaliyAMvAlAnA banAvanA saMdarbhamAM tribhovanabhAIe teo jayAre amarelImAM hatA tyAre 'eprilanA divaso' e zIrSakathI bIjuM eka kAvya lakheluM. tA 13-4-22nA roja lakhAyela A kavitAmAM 13 lITI che. tribhuvanabhAInA hastalikhita kAvyasaMgrahamAM te mULa kAvya che. 'navajIvana'mAM AvyA pachI A kavitAnI 8 lITI lakhIne chApavA mATe gAMdhIjIne batAvI haze tema lAge che. A kAgaLa para gAMdhIjIe pensilathI noMdha karI che - "AmAM atizayokti che, kAvya to nathI ja ne chellI lITI kone uddezIne hoya? na chapAya,' bAjumAM tribhuvabhAInI noMdha che ke A akSara pU. gAMdhIjInA ahIM e prazna thAya che ke temaNe pUrepUruM kAvya kema gAMdhIjIne nahIM batAvyuM hoya? gAMdhIjI chellI lITI kone udezIne mAne che? (te pariziSTamAM che) gAMdhIjIne batAvyA vinAnI mULa kAvyanI bAkInI pAMca lITIo A pramANe che 'hiMdIjana paNa hiMmata hArI, bahu ja banyA nAdAra - divaso eprilanA nAmardInI nAmozIno, lAgyo DAgha apAra - divaso eprilanA pathika * Disembara-1997 - 16 For Private and Personal Use Only

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marada bano o bhArataputro, TALo e duHkhabhAra - divaso eprilanA zAMta ahiMsaka thaIne choDo, paradezIno khAra - divaso eprilanA izvaranI AziSa Utaraze, thAze punaruddhAra - divaso eprilanA' 'ratanabAno garabo' 1923nA eprilanA navajIvana dvArA pragaTa thayo tyAre gAMdhIjI jelamAM hatA. 'eprilanA divaso' kavitA amarelImAM (1922) lakhAyelI che, paraMtu gAMdhIjIne batAvavAmAM AvI che eTale te 1924 athavA 1925nA eprilanI vAta hovAno saMbhava che., kemake te pachI tribhuvanabhAI rAjakoTa AvI gayelA. rASTriya laData daramyAna tribhuvanabhAInI khUba gavAyelI anya racanA che : 'nahi namaze nahi namaze nizAna bhUmi bhAratanuM, bhAratanI e dharmadhvajAnuM sAcavazuM sanmAna - - (bhUmi bhAratanuM)' A kAvya nAgapuranA jhaMDAsatyAgraha mATe lakheluM hatuM. 1923mAM prathama pratiSThita karelA hiMdI dhvajanuM nAgapuramAM apamAna thatAM tenI laData vallabhabhAI paTele jorazorathI upADI. A laDatamAM dhvajasaMbaMdhI viziSTa uccAraNa karavA koI sAhitya na hatuM, mAtra 'inkalAba jhIMdAbAda'nuM sUtra pacAramAM hatuM. A sthiti zrI jugatarAmabhAIne khUMcI. temaNe tribhuvanabhAIne kaMIka lakhI ApavA sUcavyuM. temaNe te ja vakhate A dhvajagIta lakhI ApyuM. temanA manamAM nahi rakhanI, nahi rakhanI sarakAra ye jAlima nahi rakhanI' e sUra ghaNA samayathI saMgharAyelA hatA, tethI e ja DhALamAM A gIta lakhyuM tenI paNa hajAro nakala chapAI, samagra laDatamAM te khUba gavAyuM ane te pachI teno pracAra thayo te samaye dhvajamAM kesarIne badale lAla raMga hato. tA. 7-6-1923nA roja lakhAyela A gIta sapheda, lIlA ane lAla raMganA dhvaja saMbaMdhI Ama hatuM : 'sapheda, lIluM, lAla, triraMgI, virodhanuM saMdhANa, bhUmi bhAratanuM saphedamAM sahu dharme dhAryuM - izvaranuM pharamAna- bhUmi bhAratanuM lIlAmAM islAmI dharme, rAkhyuM pAka kurAna - bhUmi bhAratanuM lAla sanAtana AryaprajAnuM, maMgaLa mUrtimAna - bhUmi bhAratanuM sAcA hindI zUrAonuM, e che vijaya sukAna - bhUmi bhAratanuM' dhvajanA raMgamAM pheraphAra thavAthI temaNe tA.9-10-1931mAM uparanI paMktiomAM A pramANe pheraphAra karelo che : 'kesarI, zveta, harita triraMgI, bhAratanuM kalyANa - bhUmi bhAratanuM kesarI raMge camakI rahyAM che, zaurya ane balidAna - bhUmi bhAratanuM zveta mahIM zuci satya virAje, prere punarutthAna - bhUmi bhAratanuM khAnadAnI ane daDha zraddhAnuM; harita mahIM che sthAna - bhUmi bhAratanuM hiMdI svataMtratAnuM e che, gaurava mUrtimAna - bhUmi bhAratanuM' A sivAya paNa temaNe rASTrabhAvanAyukta aneka kAvyo racyAM che. 'khAdI' (1920), 'tAro sadA vijaya ho' (1920), 'svarAjya saMgha' (1920), gAMdhIjInI jelayAtrA ne divase lakhAyela 'jayakAra' tathA 'jelayAtrA' (1921), 'jagadaMbA bhAratI' (1921), utsava (1921), bUrI dazA, jAMgo, uTho, cIsa (1921), hiMdImAM suvarNana va, rASTrIta tathA gaya naya bhAratamAta vagere kAvyomAM paradezI zAsanane kAraNe dezanI thayelI durdazA tathA temAMthI jAgrata banI,bhUtakALano gauravanuM bhAna karAvI prajAne puruSArthI banavAno bodha jovA maLe che. te saMbaMdhI 'mAtRvedanA' (1925) tathA 'bhAratI' (1926) nAme lAMbAM kAvyo paNa temaNe racyAM che. 1925 pachI navajIvana choDIne rAjakoTa AvyA ane sTeTanA zikSaNa khAtAmAM joDAyA (tethI rASTriya laDatanA mukhya pravAha sAtheno sIdho saMparka chUTI gayo) chatAM rASTriya laDatanA paDaghA temanAM kAvyomAM jhilAyA karyA hatAM; jema ke 1928mAM bAraDolIsatyAgraha nimitte dhanya bAraDolI' tathA 'jayakAra bAraDolI' jevAM kAvyo lakhyAM. te ja rIte 1929mAM pathika, Disembara-1997 - 17 For Private and Personal Use Only

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zrI javAharalAla naherunA pramukhapade maLelI kAThiyAvADa yuvaka pariSada mATe 'raNajaMga' nAme kavitA racI hatI. 25-11930 nA roja (pUrNa svAtaMtryanI pratijJAnI pUrvesaMdhyAe) 'muktipaMthe' nAme kRti racI hatI. 1930 nI laDatanA saMdarbhamAM 'raNadhelI bhArata' 'dharmayuddhe' tathA rASTranizAna, navuMvana vagere kAvyo lakhAyAM. 1937mAM racela kUcagIta : 'bhAratanA bhaDavIra kumAro, kUca karo kUca karo, eka avAja eka ja tAle kUca karo kUca karo' vagere AjhAdI sudhI tema ja AjhAdI pachI paNa prAsaMgika racAtAM rahyAM. temaNe lakhelAM pAMcaso jeTalAM kAvyomAMthI pAMcamA bhAganA kAvyo rASTrabhAvanA yukta che. A pUrve kahyuM tema teo prakRtithI kavi ane zikSaka baMne hatA. temaNe bALako mATe ghaNI kavitAo lakhI che. AvI keTalIka kavitAo paNa rASTrabhAvanAyukta che; jemake 1923mAM racela 'goro' tathA e ja Dhabe 1947mAM racela 'goro cAlyo' te baMne kAvyo briTiza zAsananAM sArAM tema ja kharAba pAsAM darzAve che. (temAMnA keTalAka aMzo pariziSTa-3mAM che). A samaye gAMdhIyugano prabhAva gujarAtI sAhitya para paNa chavAI gayo hato. gAMdhIjInI asara nIce dInajana tarapha prema, ahiMsA, satyaprema, grAmAbhimukhatA, kriyAzIlatA, vizvazAMti vagere bhAvanAone sAhityamAM sthAna maLavA lAgyuM hatuM. gAMdhIyuganA A badhA pravAho vyaktinI temaja samAjanI cetanAmAM pratibiMbita thayA ane sAhityanAM vividha svarUpomAM saMgrahAyA. prajAnI asmitA A samaye jAgrata thaI rahI hatI. saurASTranI prajAnI asmitA jagADanArA tribhuvanabhAInI kavitA 'dhanya ho dhanya saurASTra dharaNI' ati prasiddha che. meghANIbhAIe temanA patra 'saurASTra'mAM chApavA mATe kaMika tejIlI jabAnamAM lakhI ApavA mAgaNI karI, tethI jhUlaNA chaMdamAM temaNe A kavitA lakhI ApI, je Aja sudhI eTalI ja lokapriya rahI che. temAM saurASTranI bhaugolika, sAMskRtika, jAtigata, pazu tathA prakRti saMbaMdhI vizeSatAnuM gauravapUrNa ane jomavaMtuM varNana che : 'prauDha siMdhu pare jhUkatI pazcime madhyamAM eziyAnI aTArI, hinda devI taNI kamara para camakatI dRDha kasI tIkSNa jANe kaTArI, hADa unnata mukhe kIrti uccAratA garjatI jalanidhi gAnasaraNI, bhAratI bhomanI vaMduM tanayA vaDI, dhanya ho dhanya saurASTra dharaNI, kAThI khasiyA vasyA zUra rajapUta jyAM mera AhIra gohila vaMkA, khaDakanA khelanI raMgabhUmi mahIM jaMganA vAjatA nitya DaMkA, siMdhuDo jyAM bhIrune bhaDa kare dhaDUkatA Dhola trAMbALu dhaNaNI' - bhAratI vikaTa giri gahnare vAdha siMho rame gajavatA jaMgalone phuMkAre, mAnabhaMge thaI maraNiyA AthaDe, bahAravaTiyA bhaDavIra bhAre, zauryagIto ahA ! guMjatI ehanA dUdhave pelI saritA DuMgaranI - bhAratI kaDaka dharatI jahAM khaDakanI AkarI, DuMgarA DuMgarI ne karADo, mukuTa zAM maMdiro gAjatAM zira dharI, gajavatA gagana UMcA pahADo, gIra goraMbhatI gAMDI jyAM nesamAM khaLakatI dUdhanI pIyUSa-jharaNI - bhAratI bhakta narasiMha jyAM nAciyo nehamAM, saMpadA pAmiyo jyAM sudAmo, vIra gAMdhI dayAnaMda jyAM nIpajayA satI ane saMtano jyAM visAmo, gAma gAme ghaNA staMbha pokAratA zUranA guNanI gAtha varaNI - bhAratI' rASTravyApI ApaNI laDatamAM asaMkhya lokono anekavidha svarUpano phALo rahyo che, ahIM to saurASTranA mAtra eka kavi mane zikSakanI thoDIka racanAo ane rASTriya laDatamAM te dvArA temanuM pradAna jovAno pratyana karyo che, je itihAsanuM jANe ke eka prakaraNa banyuM che. pathika Disembara-1997 - 18 For Private and Personal Use Only

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pariziSTa - 1 ratanabAno garabo Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir aMgarejI rAja to AvyuM, AvIne phAvyuM-ratanabA ! juktithI mulaka jItyA, ne saikA vItyA-ratanabA ! maradonAM hathiyAra lIdhA, ne bAyalA kIdhA--ratanabA ! paMcanI paMcAta mAMgI, ne koraTo jAgI -ratanabA ! korateM kajiyA jAmyA, ne gharabAra vAmyA-ratanabA bhaNAvI aMgarejI dIdhA, ne popaTa kIdhA--ratanabA ! desanAM rasa kasa lUMTyAM, khAvAnAM khUTyAM-ratanabA ! gharanA dhaMdhA bhAMgyAM, ne paradezI jAgyA ratanabA ! dezanAM nIpaja pANI, ne jAya koka tANI--ratanabA ! gorAne vAta sau phAvI, ne aMdhI AvI--ratanabA ! amalanA toramAM buddhi, ne madamAM jhUjhe--ratanabA ! kAyadA avaLA kIdhA, ne dezapAra dIdhA-ratanabA ! bhUkha ane duHkha be sAce ja, paDiyAM mAthe--ratanabA ! tyAM to gorAmAM lAgI, ne topuM dAgI-ratanabA ! mahAbhArata maMDANAM, te vazamAM TANAM-ratanabA ! sarakAre hindane jAgyuM, ne hinda to rAcyuM-ratanabA ! bAMdhI peTane pATA, ne ApyA lATA-ratanabA ! ahIMthI juvAniyA lIdhA, te ADA dIdhA-ratanabA ! jema tema karatAM jItyA, te divaso vItyA-ratanabA ! pAchI buddhi badalANI, ne soTI tANI--ratanabA ! kAyadA kALA kIdhA, ne inAma dIdhAM--ratanAbA ! sAdhIne svAratha pakko, ne dIdho dhakko-ratanabA ! guNa para pheravyAM pANI, ne AMkha vaLI tANI--ratanabA! nyAyano rasto bhUlyA, ne kephamAM DUlyA-ratanabA ! koInuM sAMbhaLyuM na kahevuM, e kema karI sahevuM ?--ratanabA! deza khaLabhaLavA lAgyo, ne raNako vAgyo--ratanabA ! jUno jaMgI eka jAgyo, ne DaMko vAgyo--ratanabA ! tapasvIe vrata lIdhAM, ne koIne dIdhAM-ratanabA ! sarakAre marajAda toDI, ne goLiyuM choDI-ratanabA ! gAMdhI te jovA cAlyA, vaLe na vALyA-ratanabA ! sarakAre pakaDyA jore, je dezane dore ratanabA ! loko thayA tyAM gAMDA, ne tophAna mAMDyAM ratanabA ! rIsamAM koIne mAryA, ne baMgalA bALyA--ratanabA ! tyAM to gAMdhIne choDyA, te AvyA doDyA ratanabA ! bUro dhaMdho A kIdho, e Thapako dIdho-ratanabA ! sarakArane have phAvyuM, ne bahAnuM AvyuM-ratanabA ! julamanI cAbuka kADhI, vAparavA mAMDI--ratanabA ! dhAka besADavA sAru, aMtaramAM dhAryuM-ratanabA ! amRtasaranI bajAre, ne sAda koka mAre-ratanabA ! jaliyAMvAlA bAge, sau avAjo sAMje-ratanabA ! dezanA du:khanI kahANI-nI suNavA vANI--ratanabA ! sabhA jANI sau cAlyAM, rahyAM nava jhAlyAM ratanabA ! bALa buDhDhAM sau saMge, maLyAM umaMge-ratanabA ! evAmAM DAyara Avyo, ne phoja eka lAvyo--ratanabA ! baMdha jagyAmAM beThAM, lokone dIThAM ratanabA ! cAlavAnI sAMkaDI zerI-ne lIdhI gherI-ratanabA ! zAnti jarAya nava tUTI, paNa goLiyuM chUTI--ratanabA ! sahu gabharAvA lAgyA, ne jema tema bhAgyA ratanabA ! bhAgatAM goLiyuM vAgI, ne jidagI tyAgI--ratanabA ! hAtha hathiyAra viNa khAlI, ne khUnarejI cAlI--ratanabA ! bALa buThThAM nava mUkyAM, nizAna nava cUkyAM-ratanabA ! DAyare je je cIMdhyAM, te goLIe vIMdhyAM ratanabA ! lohInA kIcaDa jAmyA, ne deva trAsa pAmyA--ratanabA ! baMdUko phUTI phUTI, goLiyuM khUTI-ratanabA ! tyAre. e DAyara khasyo, ne manamAM hasyoratanabA ! amRta nagarI AkhImAM phojuM rAkhI--ratanabA ! rAte je raste jAtAM, te goLiyuM khAtAM-ratanabA ! satI pati nava bhAve, to dhIra kema dhAre ?-ratanabA ! patine khoLavA cAlI, tuM bIkane bALI--ratanabA ! aMdhArI AMkha sAmI, zI meghalI jAmI-ratanabA ! sunakAra kAMI nava sUjhe, kAyara to dhrUje-ratanabA ! phojavALo koI joze, to goLIe deze--ratanabA ! te to maraNane chAMDyuM, cAlavA mAMDyuM-ratanabA ! eka bene vInavyA vATe, te AvavA sAthe--ratanabA ! marado e nIvaDyA khAlI, tuM ekalI cAlI--ratanabA ! jaliyAMvAle AvI, tuM maradAI lAvI-ratanabA ! pagamAM lohInA gArA, ne maDadAM bhALyAM ratanabA ! tAruM vajaranuM haiyuM, te kema karI thaiyuM ?-ratanabA ! ghAyalanI bUmo Ave, te tuMne bolAveratanabA ! gaI. tyAM tuM bhaDa jevI, dayAnI devI-ratanabA ! pathika, Disembara-1997 - 19 For Private and Personal Use Only

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kaiMkanA hAtha paga sIdhA, karI te dIdhA--ratanabA ! OMne dilAsA dIdhA, ne sukhiyA kIdhA-ratanabA ! koInA ghA para pATA, teM bAMdhyA mAtA-ratanabA ! maDadAo bahu uthAmI, patine pAmI--ratanabA ! patie jIvana khoyuM, te najare joyuM-ratanabA ! dile dAvAnaLa jAgyo, te kAramo lAgyo--ratanabA ! haiyuM kaThaNa teM kIdhuM, ne zaba te lIdhuM-ratanabA ! khoLAmAM mAthuM mUkI, ne u52 jhUkI-ratanabA ! AMkhe codhArAM AMsunuM bhara comAsuM--ratanabA ! kini pariziSTa-2 jene A vasame TANe vItI te jANe-ratanabA ! veraNa rAta tyAM gALI, karI rakhavALI-ratanabA ! bIjAM badhAMnAM sagAM, savAre pUgyAM ratanabA ! sAcI vIrAMganA satI, thaI tuM chatI ratanabA ! julamanA divasoya jAze, ne zAnti thAze-ratanabA ! sAdhu satI dubhANAM, tyAM pApanAM thANAM ratanabA ! pApe pApInuM jAze, ne vAtuM thAze-ratanabA ! satInA guNa je gAze, te nirmaLa thAze--ratanabA ! mApi mAhita C/>> } }} = n 2 @tv? { } { de 3 sama eprilanA divasona nadhi bhAva nahi visare vAre hiMdI prabhanAM khUna bihu vAMke baramAM - ala lAvI nADu prasAI be bharama banara chuM. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jIvana mudraNAlaya bhara, mamatAbhara tA. : hivako kamisanA calAvya p (STa sanmAna kuLamAM m.stand >> khamAM 25 diva DIghoM kI rAmaka (satImAM karI sautama! 3 bharyA - rIyA khatmA devIkuLano koDa upara paDIyA - baDuM 4nA mA? - di dhairyagardAlI garamImA ragaDyA bharata a pathika. Disembara-1997 - 20 } {{ For Private and Personal Use Only Av$*Z 4541 divasAne - 4.. 87 6 bhagata - bhi da ? - di -

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pariziSTa-3 zrI tribhuvanabhAInuM 'goro' (1923) nAmanuM kAvya "chokarAM.....re. ho...re' nA lahekAthI zarU thAya che. bALako savAla kare che goro kyAMthI Avyo ? kyAM Utaryo ? zuM zuM lAvyo ? vagere tenA javAbo eka bALaka Ape che. zuM zuM lAvyonA javAbamAM te kahe che - lazkaranI lAra lAvyo katalanA kaeN saMcA lAvyo dhananA bhUkhyA nAra lAvyo potAnA vahIvaMcA lAvyo topa ne baMdUka jevA svArthanA bahu kissA lAvyo keTalAMye karatUka lAvyo dolata bharavA khissAM lAvyo ronaka lAvyo ceTaka lAvyo jAtajAtanAM baMdhA lAvyo nyAya nItinAM nATaka lAvyo dharma vinAnAM dhaMdhA lAvyo dhoLA di'nI dhADAM sAthe svAratha kAje aMdhA evA nAmardInAM gADAM lAvyo nokara cAkara khaMdhA lAvyo bheda bharelI jALa lAvyo keLavaNInA kUcA lAvyo marakInI to lALa lAvyo chApAnA bahu DUcA lAvyo tAra ne halakArA sAthe kaurava jevAM kuLa sAthe karaverAnA bhArA lAvyo gulAmInAM mULa lAvyo, vagere vagere te ja rIte AjhAdInA pAMca divasa agAu tA. 10-8-47nA roja temaNe A ja zailInuM kAvya "goro cAlyo' paNa evu ja rasaprada che. kyAMthI cAlyo ? tenA savAla javAba pachI zuM zuM dIdhuM tenA javAbamAM - sAdhana saMpata Dhagale lUMTI nyAyAsana kajiyALAM dIdhAM ! paMpALIne mAna dIdhuM ! leNAMnI udhareTa dIdhI ! bhAratanAM bhulAvI bhUSaNa phezananA phulekAM bheguM potAnI ugharANI patavI - pojhizana bhamarALAM dIdhAM! strIonuM sanmAna dIdhuM ! bhUkhamarAnI bheTa dIdhI ! 1. sojuM-sapharuM kaMI ye dIdhuM? 1. have pachI zuM karavAnuM? mAla vinAnAM ThAlAM ThAlAM ke zuM kevaLa jAna dIdhuM? 2- have pachI zuM karavAnuM? keLavaNInAM kAlAM dIdhAM ! 2. hA, hA, kaMI evuM paNa dIdhuM- deza rahyo duNAI saghaLo bhoMmAMthI uThADI nAhaka vahemonAM jALAM khaMkherI enuM sAMtvana karavAnuM bhAgalAnAM bhAlAM dIdhAM! duniyAbharanuM bhAna dIdhuM ! adhabhUkhyAM AthaDatAM bhAMDu mojamAM mazagUla niraMtara mahAprajAnAM mUla batAvI enuM udara bharavAnuM rAjasthAnI lAlAM dIdhAM ! svadezanuM abhimAna dIdhuM ! aMga majUrI upara nUtana svArtha-dAma-anItivALAM amala calAvavAnI yuktine jIvana-caNatara karavAnuM nokarazAhI jAbAM dIdhAM ! prajAsmitAnuM jJAna dIdhuM ! kepha tajI sattA saMpadanI paradezI ejaMTa banelA zista pharaja ne nyAya niyamanA johukamI visaravAnuM, kaTTara mUDIvALA dIdhA ! gaurava keruM jJAna dIdhuM ! hiMdI dhvaja nIce sau saMpI laDAImAM lUMTAvI abajo buddhivAdI baMdhAraNamAM UMce mastaka pharavAnuM, dhoma bajAro kALAM dIdhAM ! cUMTaNInuM tophAna dIdhuM ! kaleza kusaMpa tajIne ghara ghara udyogonAM thaDa kApIne vizALa vAcana vizALa bhASA svastivAcana karavAnuM. sUkAM DALI- kALAM dIdhAM ! vidhavidhanuM vijJA dIdhuM ! vakIlanAM vaMdonI sAthe laDatAM rajavADAMne dAbI pathika Disembara-1997 - 21 For Private and Personal Use Only

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saMniSTha, sevAbhAvI, sarita camanabhAI vaiSNava, mUka sevaka ane Adaza keLavaNIkAra eka adhyayana DaoN. aMjanA bI. zA hax saurASTramAM rASTrIya zikSaNa mAraphata yuvApeDhInuM ghaDatara karavA mukhya traNa zikSaNa saMsthAoe mahattvanuM pradAna karyuM (1) dakSiNAmUrti, bhAvanagara (2) rASTrIyazALA, rAjakoTa tathA (3) rASTrIyazALA, vaDhavANa. camanabhAI vaiSNava rASTrIyazALA, vaDhavANanI zaikSaNika tathA sevAbhAvI pravRttionA prANa hatA. temanI tyAgazIla, paragaju, zramika sevAbhAvI pravRttione lIdhe gAMdhIjIe temane vAstavika arthamAM ''vaiSNava' tarIke biradAvyA hatA. gAMdhI vicAradhArA tathA kAryapaddhati pramANe sevAkIya pravRttio karanAra vaDhavANanI tripuTI phUlacaMdabhAI zAha, svAmI zivAnaMdajI tathA camanabhAI vaiSNave saurASTranI rAjakIya, sAmAjika tathA zaikSaNika kAyApalaTa karavAmAM ghaNuM noMdhapAtra pradAna kareluM che temAM cImanabhAI vaiSNavanuM zaikSaNika kSetranuM pradAna savizeSa noMdhanIya che, bhaktakavi narasiMha mahetAnA vaMzaja mAdhavarAya vaiSNavane tyAM sane 1896nA me mAsamAM camanabhAIno janma thayo. temane mAtApitA taraphathI sAdagI, saccAI ane sevAno vAraso maLyo jeno camanabhAie vidyArthI avasthAthI ja amala karyo. teno A vAraso vaDhavANanA custa gAMdhIvAdI sevaka motIbhAI darajInA saMsargathI puSTa thayo. camanabhAI vidyArthI tarIke tejasvI hovAthI anya vidyArthIone abhyAsamAM sahAya karatAM. motIbhAI darajIe zarU karela maphata dharmapustakAlaya mAraphata camanabhAIe vaDhavANanA yuvako tathA yuvatIone ziSTa vAMcana karatA karyA. temaja potAnuM vAMcana-manana paNa vadhAryuM. vaLI motIbhAInI pratyeka sevA pravRttimAM camanabhAI mokhare rahetA. Ama kumAra avasthAthI ja tenA sevAbhAvI jIvananuM ghaDatara thayuM. camanabhAIe vaDhavANamAM meTrIka sudhIno abhyAsa pUro karyo bAda koleja zikSaNa mATe te bhAvanagaranI zAmaLadAsa kolejamAM dAkhala thayA. dharanI sthiti kolejano kharca upADI zake tema nahi hoIne temaNe A mATe lona lIdhI. vaLI te samaye kolejanA bhojanAlayano mAsika kharca rUA. 15 hato. te paNa temane paravaDe tema na hovAthI chAtrAlayanI potAne maLelI oraDImAM pote jAte rasoI karatA. jamIne turata abhyAsamAM magna thaI jatA. Ama zikSaNa, sevA, zrama sAthe camanabhAInuM jIvana pAMgaratuM gayuM. kolejamAM rajAo paDatA vaDhavANa AvI jatA ane motIbhAI darajI sAthe sevA pravRttiomAM lAgI jatA. Ama Arthika kaThinAi vacce ramAbhAie bI.e nI DigrI prApta karI. temano vicAra turata sevA kAryamAM joDAvAno hato, paraMtu sAthe lonanuM RNa hatuM eTale lona bharapAI karavA temaNe zAMtAkrujha gurukuLamAM zikSakanI nokarI svIkArI. potAnI niSThA tathA sevAbhAvathI te vidyArthIo temaja karmacArIomAM khUba priya thayA. paraMtu camanabhAI to sevAbhAvI jIva hato eTale lona bharapAI thaI jatA ja temaNe gurukuLanI nokarI choDI dIdhI ane vaDhavANa parata AvyA. vaDhavANamAM A arasAmAM phUlacaMdabhAI tathA zivAnaMdajIe rASTrIyazALA zarU karelI, jemAM prAraMbhe 18 zikSako tathA 300 vidyArthIo hatA. camanabhAIne zALA AcArya tarIke niyukta karavAmAM AvyAM. Ama zALAne Adarza keLavaNIkAra temaja sevaka maLyA ane camanabhAIne joItuM zikSaNa temaja sevAnuM kSetra maLyuM. camanabhAInA AcArya pade zALAno rASTrIya Dhabe jhaDapathI vikAsa thayo. zALAmAM cAra dhoraNathI vinIta eTale ke saMpUrNa mAdhyamika kakSAnuM zikSaNa ApavAnuM zarU thayuM. zALAmAM zikSaNa uparAMta vikAsalakSI aneka pravRttio vikasAvavAmAM AvI. Ama yuvApeDhInuM ghaDatara kALajIpUrvaka karavAmAM AvyuM. camanabhAInI zikSaNaniSThA ane sevAbhAva joIne vaDhavANa rAjyanA dIvAne rAjyane te samaye na poSAya tevA mAsika rU|. 250 nA pagArathI temane rAjyanA zikSaNAdhikArI tarIke niyukta karavAno saMdeza kahevarAvyo. paraMtu mAtra zikSaNa ane sevAbhAvane varelA camanabhAIe A niyaMtraNano asvIkAra karyo. ane phakta mAsika rUA. 25 mAM zALAne potAnI * rIDara, itihAsa vibhAga, samAjavidyA bhavana, gujarAta yunivarsiTI, amadAvAda. pathika Disembara-1997 0 22 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #26
sevAo cAlu rAkhI. zALAnA saMcAlana kAryanI sAthe camanabhAI itihAsa, bhUgoLa, rAjayabaMdhAraNa, hindI vagerenuM zikSaNa khUba sArI ane saghana rIte ApatA. A mATe te UMcI kakSAnAM pustakono abhyAsa paNa karatA. bhUgoLa bhaNAvavA te vividha prakAranA nakazAo jAte taiyAra karatA ane e rIte bhUgoLanA zikSaNane khUba rasaprada tathA upayogI banAvatA. ItihAsamAMthI teo preraNAdAyI, svadezaprema jAgrata karatA uttama udAharaNo ApatAM. hindI to eka rASTrabhASA tarIke zIkhavI joIe tevuM te bhArapUrvaka kahetA. rAmAyaNamAMthI copAIo gAine teo vidyArthIone jIvananA umadA Adarzo tarapha doratA. te mAtra be TaMka ghera jamavA jatA ane bAkIno badho ja samaya zALanA utkarSa mATe gALatA. teo AjIvana brahmacArI hatA. camanabhAInI mAtA, putra lagna kare te mATe khUba Atura hatA, paraMtu sevAkAryane mATe camanabhAIe AjIvana brahmacarya pALavAno nirNaya karyo hovAthI te mAtAnA Agrahane vaza thayA nahi. paNa mAtAnI vRddhAvasthA nihALIne teo mAtAne rasoI, gharakAma, saphAI vageremAM madada karatAM. sAthosAtha zALAmAM zikSaNa uparAMta carcA sabhAo, vidyArthI-mAsika prakAzana, ramata-gamata, pravAsa-paryaTana, Arogya saphAI, utsavonI ujavaNI vagerenuM saMcAlana paNa niyamita rIte karatAM. zALAnA niyamonuM teo kaDaka pAlana karatA ane khUba premapUrvaka vidyArthIo pAse paNa temanuM kaDaka pAlana karAvatA, AthI bhAvanagaranI dakSiNAmUrti tathA rAjakoTanI rASTrIya zALAnA jevI ja vaDhavANanI rASTrIya zALA lokapriya banI. atyAra sudhI zALA dharmazALAmAM cAlatI hatI. paraMtu teno vistAra thatA vaDhavANa rAjaye tene jamIna ApI. temAM zALAnAM makAno, zikSakonA AvAso vagere caNAvA lAgyA ane zALAno tyAM AraMbha thayo. paraMtu TUMkamAM ja zALAmAM harijana bALakone praveza ApavAno prazna ubho thayo. phUlacaMdabhAI, zivAnaMdajI tathA camanabhAI A prazna makkama rahyA eTale vaDhavANanA moTAbhAganA lokoe potAnA bALakone zALAmAMthI pAchA kheMcI lIdhA. thoDA siddhAMtacusta zikSako sivAya moTAbhAganA zikSakoe paNa zALAnI nokarI choDI dIdhI. eTale rASTrIya zALA lagabhaga harijana zALAmAM pheravAI gaI ane tenI saMkhyA khUba ja ghaTI gaI. zALAne baMdha karavAno samaya Avyo to paNa A prazna phUlacaMdabhAI zivAnaMdajI tathA camanabhAIe macaka ApI nahi ane camanabhAIe zALAnA bAlamaMdira para dhyAna kendrIta karyuM. paraMtu siddhAMtamAM bAMdhachoDa karI nahi. zarUAtamAM 10 bALakonI saMkhyAthI te 100 para pahoMcI. Ama camanabhAI zALAnA AcAryamAMthI bAlamaMdiranA zikSaka banyA. bAlamaMdira mATe monTesarI paddhatinuM zikSaNa camanabhAIne jarUrI lAgyuM eTale te pote bhAvanagara- dakSiNAmUrtimAM bAlamaMdiramAM gijubhAI tathA tArAbena pAse monTesarI paddhatinuM zikSaNa meLavavA gayA ane tyAM te paddhatinI purI jANakArI meLavIne vaDhavANa bAlamaMdiramAM teno saphaLa prayoga karyo. gaMbhIra dekhAtA camanabhAI bALakonI sAthe bhAvako jevA thaIne gAtA nAcatA, kUdatA te temanA jIvananI viziSTatA hatI. camanabhAI vaiSNave zikSaNakSetranI sAthosAtha jAherasevA temaja caLavaLomAM paNa noMdhapAtra pradAna karyuM. vaDhavANanI zahera sudharAInI cUMTaNImAM camanabhAI potAnA latAmAMthI UbhA rahyA ane cUMTAI AvyA. Ama temaNe zahera sevAno paNa prAraMbha karyo tathA jAhera saphAI temaja Arogyane lagatA keTalAka kAryo jAte karIne sudharAInA sabhya tarIke camanabhAIe sevAno navo cIlo pADyo tathA te prajano prathama paMktino sevaka che tevuM udAharaNa puru pADyuM. A arasAmAM vaDhavANa rAjya ayogya zAsananI TIkA karatA tathA lokanAyakonI himAyata karatA "saurASTra mitra" nAmanA akhabAra para pratibaMdha mUkyo (1928). teno virodha vyakta karavA moTI janamedanI ekaThI thaI. te sabhAmAM camanabhAIe mukhya vaktA tarIke lokone saMbodhana karyuM. eTale polIse sabhA para bephAma lAThIcArja karyo. loko vikharAyA, paraMtu camanabhAI tathA phUlacaMdabhAI potAnA sthAna para aDaga rahyA ane polIsanI lAThIono mAra khAdho. polIse bannene mAra mAryA bAda lokaapa mAM pUrI dIdhA. AthI vaDhavANamAM sakhata haDatAla paDI. mahAjane paNa teno bhAre virodha karyo. pariNAme samaya vartIne sarakAre bannene choDI mUkavA paDyA. 930 mAM savinaya kAnunabhaMga ke mIThAno satyAgraha zarU thatA gAMdhIjIe lokone potAnuM sarvasva homI daIne satyAgrahamAM joDAvA anurodha karyo. turata camanabhAI zALAmAMthI kAmacalAu chUTA thaIne satyAgraha saMgrAmamAM sAmela thaI gayA ane viramagAmanI satyAgraha chAvaNInuM sukAnIpada saMbhALI lIdhuM. A chAvaNImAM Azare 200 thI 300 satyAgrahI sainiko hatA camanabhAI e temane zistabaddha laDatanuM yogya mArgadarzana pUruM pADyuM eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu temanI dareka prakAranI sAra saMbhALa paNa lIdhI. teo vahelI savArathI cheka rAtrI sudhI satata kAryazIla rahetA. temaja bhAkharI ane chAzano taddana sAdo khorAka letA tathA caTAI para sUI rahetA. Ama temaNe Adarza satyAgrahI tathA Adarza netAgIrInuM uttama udAharaNa pUruM pADyuM. pathika - Disembara-1997 - 23 For Private and Personal Use Only

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vIramagAmathI 15-16 kilomITara dUra mIThuM levA satyAgrahI sainiko jatA tyAre polIsa temane sakhata mAra mArIne mIThuM jhUMTavI letI, to paNa camanabhAI satyAgrahIone A dharmayuddha gaNIne badhuM sahana karavA samajAvatA ane temanI bhAre sarabharA karatA. savinaya kAnUnabhaMganI prathama tabakkAnI laDAI gAMdhI-invana samajUtIthI moDUka rahI ane gAMdhIjI bIjI goLamejI pariSadamAM hAjarI ApavA laMDana gayA. A daramyAna camanabhAIe viramagAma chAvaNInuM sevAkArya cAlu rAkhyuM. temaNe mAMDala gAmamAM paradezI kApaDa vecatA vepArIonI dukAnonuM kApaDa premapUrvaka sIla karAvyuM. vIramagAma tAlukAnA gAmaDAmAM harijanone pIvAnA pANIno bhAre trAsa hato. ThakkarabApAe AnI tapAsa karavA camanabhAIne Adeza Apyo AthI camanabhAI thoDA divasomAM 105 gAmomAM pharyA ane harijanonI muzkelIono jAta abhyAsa karyo. cheka savArathI sAMja sudhI teo gAmaDAmAM pharatA ane rAtrI thatA gAmaDAnA corAmAM sUI rahetA tathA bhAkharI ane chAzanuM sAdu bhojana letA. temaNe ThakkarabApAne harijanonI pIvAnA pANInI temaja anya hADamArIono vistRta ahevAla mokalyo. Ama mUkasevAnuM umadA udAharaNa camanabhaIe A kAmagIrI mAraphata puruM pADyuM. gAMdhIjI hatAzA sAthe bIjI goLamejI pariSadamAMthI pAchA pharyA. sarakAre gAMdhI-ircIna samajUtIno bhaMga karatA keTalAka damanakArI pagalAM lIdhAM. AthI gAMdhIjIne laDatano bIjo tabakko zarU karavAnI pharaja paDI. camanabhAInI dharapakaDa thaI. nyAyAdhIze camanabhAIne jelamAM ba varga ApavAnI bhalAmaNa karI, paraMtu camanabhAIe sI varga pasaMda karIne pote adanA sevaka hovAnuM jaNAvyuM. satata ane bhAre parizramathI camanabhAInuM zarIra ghasAyuM. temane kSaya roga lAgu paDyo. jelamAM temane dUdha-roTalIno khorAka apAyo paNa tabiyata mAM khAsa pharaka paDyo nahi. paMdara mAsanI sajA bhogavIne te chUTyA tyAre zArIrika rIte sAva bhAMgI paDyA hatA. kSayanI bImArI vadhI hatI. phUlacaMdabhAInA ati AgrahathI potAnI icchA viruddha te paMcagInI havAphera mATe gayA. mitro temaja zubhecchaka DokTaronI sahAyathI, pauSTika khorAka temaja sAravArathI tenI tabiyatamAM sudhAro thayo ane te vaDhavANa AzramamAM pAchA pharyA. paMcagInImAM eDolpha jusTanuM 'rITarna Tu necara' nAmanuM aMgrejI pustaka vAMcyA bAda DokTarI sAravAramAMthI temano zraddhA DagI gaI ane temaNe kudaratI upacAra sUryasnAna, kaTIsnAna, pANI-mATInA upacAra, kAcA zAkabhAjI-phaLa vagerenA prayogo karyA. tenAthI tenI tabiyata svastha thaI. TolasToyanA pustako temaja gItAnuM vAcana paNa temaNe niyamita karavA mAMDyuM ane vaDhavANa AzramamAM pharI harijana zALA zarU karIne potAnuM asala sevAkArya saMbhALI lIdhuM. paraMtu zramane lIdhe pharI tabiyata bagaDatA thoDo vakhata porabaMdaranA AzramamAM gayA, jyAM tabiyatamAM khAsa pharaka na paDatA Aptajano zubhecchakone vizeSa taklIpha na ApavAnA AzayathI temaNe RSikeza javAno nirNaya lIdho ane tyAMnA eka paropakArI saMnyAsInA AzramamAM suzruSAthI camanabhAI sAjA thayA ane vaDhavANa pAchA pharyA. A samaye temane gaLAmAM darda thavAthI te bolI zakatA nahi. eTale pharI zikSaNakArya karI zake tema na hatA. jethI lekhanakArya karyuM ane ajJAtane nAme tetrIsa patro lakhyAM je pachIthI pustakarUpe prasiddha thayA. jemAM camanabhAInI jIvanabharanI sAdhanAno nIcoDa che. thoDA vakhatamAM pharI kSaye uthalo mAryo. temane dUra paMcagInI javAno mitroe Agraha karyo jeno temaNe anyanA paisA A rIte vaparAya nahi kahIne inkAra karyo ane aMtima divaso vaDhavANamAM potAnA vRddha mAtA-pitA tathA vidhavA bahena sAthe gALyA. 1 lI jUna, 1940nA roja 44 varSanI yuvAnavaye camanabhAIe nazvara dehano tyAga karyo. gAMdhIjI, saradAra vallabhabhAI, kizoralAla mazarUvALA, kAkA sAheba kAlelakara, ravizaMkara mahArAja, jugatarAma dave ane anya mahAnubhAvoe camanabhAIne aMjali ApatA temane Adarza zikSaka temaja ucca koTinA sevaka, ajJAta tapasvI, virala vibhUti, ananya sAdhaka, sarita sadguru, tyAgamUrti, preraNAdAyI sAhityakAra vagere tarIke biradAvela che. je temanA jIvananI sArthakatA siddha kare che. noMdha :- saurASTra itihAsa pariSadamAM rajU karela pepara. pathika, Disembara-1997 - 24 For Private and Personal Use Only

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navembara 97 Reg. No. GAMC-19 vyAjabI dAma ane uttama kAma, "jinalalAvai.samRdhila dhAna. ICGC sed wide 1 Di.grA. poliyesTara pAuca pekamAM * 5 ane pa0 ki.grA. ema DI. pII. begamAM MINZYME UNT GROWTU PAOLO SUPER NEEMOL GIAC |||| | TREBATE ALMOST viziSTa " yuriyA phoTiMga pAvaDara, nukazAnarahita, jaMtu-pratirodhaka, harbala ane bAyoDIgreDebala che. vanaspati vRddhivardhaka tIva ejhADirekTIna 500 grAma ane 1 8i,gA. poliyesTara pAuca pekamAM (harbala proDakTasa) 100, 200, 500 mI.lI. pravAhI ane dANAdAra 1 lITara ane 5 lITaranA pekamAM 100, 500 mI.lI., 1 lITara ane 5 lITaranA pemo vadhu jANakArI magRafao, zitala mIla enDa go IGrIy bho mALa, hoddhAra kAMIrAM, Azrama roDa, amadAvAda-9orIta : pavacheDA, 642322, 448ky che hari hai3323 no che pathika kAryAlaya vatI mudraka prakAzaka : pro. subhASa brahmabhaTTa, Cho, bho. je. vidyAbhavana, eca. ke. kaoNlejanA kempasamAM, Azrama roDa, amadAvAda-9 mudraNasthAna : kriSnA grAphiksa, 966, nAraNapurA jUnA gAma, amadAvAda-380013 * phona : 7484393 . tA. 15-12-97 For Private and Personal Use Only