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________________ paryAvaraNa ke pradUSaNa kI samasyA aura jainadharma - pro. sAgaramala jaina tIvratA se bar3hatI huI janasaMkhyA aura upabhoktAvAdI saMskRti ke kAraNa pradUSita hote paryAvaraNa kI rakSA kA prazna Aja mAnava samAja kI eka jvalanta samasyA hai, kyoMki pradUpila .. hote hue paryAvaraNa ke kAraNa na kevala mAnavajAti apitu pRthvI para svayaM jIvana ke astitva ko bhI khatarA utpanna ho gayA hai| upabhoktAvAdI saMskRti ke kAraNa jIvana ke liye Avazyaka sroto kA itanI tIvratA se aura itanI adhika mAtrA meM dohana ho rahA hai ki prAkRtika tela evaM gaisa kI bAta to dUra rahI, agalI zatAbdI meM peyajala aura siMcAI hetu pAnI milanA bhI dupkara hogaa| yahI nahIM, zaharoM meM zuddha prANavAyu ke thaile lagAkara calanA hogaa| ata: mAnavajAti ke bhAvI astitva ke liye yaha Avazyaka ho gayA hai ki paryAvaraNa ko pradUSaNa se mukta karane ke prayatna avilamba prArambha ho| yaha zubha-lakSaNa hai ki paryAvaraNa ko pradUpaNa se mukta karane kI cetanA Aja samAja ke sabhI vargoM meM jAgI hai aura isI krama meM yaha vicAra bhI ubhara kara sAmane AyA hai ki vibhinna dhArmika paramparAoM meM paryAvaraNa ko pradUSaNa se mukta rakhane ke aise kauna se nirdeza hai jinako ujAgara karake paryAvaraNa ko pradUpaNa se mukta rakhane ke sandarbha meM mAnava samAja ke vibhinna vargoM kI cetanA ko jAgRta kiyA jA ske| isa sandarbha meM yahA~ maiM jainadharma kI dRSTi se hI Apa logoM ke samakSa apane vicAra rkhuugaa| yaha eka nirvivAda tathya hai ki jainadharma meM bhogavRtti ke prati saMyama, ahiMsA aura asaMgraha (aparigraha ) para sarvAdhika bala diyA gayA hai| usake inhI mUlabhUta siddhAntoM ke AdhAra para jainadharma meM aise aneka AcAra niyamoM kA nirdeza huA hai, jinakA paripAlana Aja paryAvaraNa ko pradUSaNa se mukta rakhane ke liye Avazyaka hai| jainadharma ke pravartaka AcAryoM ne Aja se r3hAI hajAra varSa pUrva yaha udghoSaNA kI thI ki na kevala prANIya jagat evaM vanaspati jagat meM jIvana kI upasthiti hai, apitu unhoMne yaha bhI kahA thA ki pRthvI, pAnI, vAyu aura agni meM bhI jIvana haiN| eka ora to ve yaha mAnate the ki pRthvI, pAnI evaM vanaspati ke Azrita hokara anekAneka prANI apanA jIvana jIte hai, ataH inake durupayoga, vinAza yA hiMsA se unakA bhI vinAza hotA hai| dUsare ye svayaM bhI jIvana hai, kyoMki inake abhAva meM jIvana kI kalpanA bhI sambhava nahIM hai| kyA hama jala, vAyu pRthvItattva evaM UrjA ( agnitattva) ke abhAva meM jIvana kI koI kalpanA bhI kara sakate haiM ? ye to svayaM jIvana ke adhiSThAna hai| ataH inakA durUpayoga yA vinAza svayaM jIvana kA hI vinAza hai| isIliye jainadharma meM use hiMsA yA pApa kahA gayA hai| * AkAzavANI vArANasI se prasArita vArtA, navambara 1993
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________________ hindU dharma meM pRthvI, jala, agni aura vAyu ko jo deva rUpa mAnA gayA hai, usakA AdhAra bhI inakA jIvana ke adhiSThAna rUpa honA hI hai| jaina paramparA meM bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUrva bhagavAna pArzva ke kAla meM bhI pRthvI, jala, vAyu, agni aura vanaspati meM jIvana hone kI yaha avadhAraNA upasthita thI / pRthvIkAyika, jalakAyika, vAyukAyika, agnikAyika, vanaspatikAyika aura sakAyika aise SaTjIvanikAyoM kI carcA prAcIna jaina AgamoM kA pramukha viSaya rahA hai ! AcArAMgasUtra (I.pU. pA~cavI zatI) kA to prArambha hI ina paTjIvanikAyoM ke nirUpaNa se tathA unakI hiMsA ke kAraNoM evaM unakI hiMsA se bacane ke nirdezoM kI carcA se hI hotA haiM / ina SaTjIvanikAyoM kI hiMsA nahIM karane ke sandarbha meM jaina AcAryoM ke jo nirdeza haiM, ve paryAvaraNa ko pradUSaNa se mukta rakhane kI dRSTi se Aja sarvAdhika mUlyavAna bana gaye haiN| Age hama unhIM kI carcA karegeM / 136 paryAvaraNa ke pradUSaNa kI samasyA aura jainadharma yaha eka anubhUta prAkRtika tathya hai eka jIvana kI abhivyakti aura avasthiti dUsare zabdoM meM usakA janma, vikAsa aura astitva dUsare jIvanoM ke Azrita hai isase hama iMkAra bhI nahIM kara sakate haiM / kintu isa satya ko samajhane kI jIvana- dRSTiyA~ bhinna-bhinna rahI haiN| eka dRSTikoNa yaha rahA hai ki yadi eka jIvana dUsare jIvana para Azrita hai to hameM yaha adhikAra hai ki hama jIvana ke dUsare rUpoM kA vinAza karake bhI hamAre astitva ko banAye rkhe| pUrva meM 'jIvo jIvasya bhojanam' aura pazcima meM 'astittva ke liye saMgharSa (Struggle for existence) ke siddhAnta isI dRSTikoNa ke kAraNa astittva meM Aye / inakI jIvana-dRSTi hiMsaka rhii| inhoMne vinAza se vikAsa kA mArga cunaa| Aja pUrva se pazcima taka isI jIvana-dRSTi kA bola-bAlA hai| jIvana ke dUsare rUpoM kA vinAza karake mAnava ke astittva ko bacAne ke prayatna hote rahe haiM / kintu aba vijJAna kI sahAyatA se isa jIvana-dRSTi kA khokhalApana siddha ho cukA hai aba vijJAna yaha batAtA hai ki jIvana ke dUsare rUpoM kA anavarata vinAza karake hama mAnava kA astittva bhI nahIM bacA sakate haiN| isa sambandha meM dUsarI jIvana dRSTi yaha rahI ki eka jIvana, jIvana ke dUsare rUpoM ke sahayoga para AdhArita hai -- jainAcAryoM ne isI jIvana-dRSTi kA udghoSa kiyA thaa| Aja se lagabhaga aThAraha sau varSa pUrva AcArya umAsvAti ne eka sUtra prastuta kiyA 'parasparopagraho jIvAnAm 4 arthAt jIvana eka dUsare ke sahayoga para AdhArita hai| vikAsa kA mArga hiMsA yA vinAza nahIM paraspara sahakAra hai | eka-dUsare ke pArasparika sahakAra yA sahayoga para hI jIvana-yAtrA calatI hai| jIvana ke dUsare rUpoM ke sahakArI banakara hI hama apanA jIvana jI sakate haiN| prANI jagata pArasparika sahayoga para Azrita hai| hameM apanA jIvana jIne ke liye dUsare prANiyoM ke sahayoga kI aura dUsare prANiyoM ko apanA jIvana jIne ke liye hamAre sahayoga kI AvazyakatA hai| hameM jIvana jIne (bhojana, prANavAyu Adi) ke liye vanaspati jagat kI AvazyakatA hai to vanaspati ko apanA jIvana jIne ke liye jala, vAyu, khAda Adi kI AvazyakatA hai| vanaspati se nisRta AksIjana, phala, anna Adi se hamArA jIvana calatA hai to hamAre dvArA nisRta kArbanaDAI AksAIDa evaM mala-mUtra Adi se unakA jIvana calatA hai| ataH jIvana jIne ke liye jIvana ke dUsare rUpoM kA sahayoga to hama le sakate haiM, kintu unake vinAza kA hameM adhikAra nahIM hai, kyoMki unake vinAza --
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________________ pro. sAgaramala jaina 137 -- meM hamArA bhI vinAza nihita hai| dUsare kI hiMsA vastutaH hamArI hI hiMsA hai, isaliye AcArAMga meM kahA gayA thA * jise tU mAranA cAhatA hai, vaha to tU hI hai- kyoMki yaha to tere astittva kA AdhAra hai| 5 sahayoga lenA aura dUsaroM ko sahayoga karanA yahI prANI jagat kI Adarza sthiti hai| jIvana kabhI bhI dUsaroM ke sahayoga ke binA nahIM calatA hai| jise hama dUsaroM ke sandarbha meM apanA adhikAra mAnate haiM, vahIM dUsaroM ke prati hamArA kartavya bhI hai| ise hameM nahIM bhUlanA hai| sarvatra jIvana kI upasthiti kI kalpanA, usake prati ahiMsaka dRSTi kA pariNAma yaha huA ki jaina AcAryoM ne jIvana ke vividha rUpoM kI hiMsA aura unake durupayoga ko rokane hutu AcAra ke aneka vidhi-niSedhoM kA pratipAdana kiyaa| Age hama jala pradUSaNa, vAyupradUSaNa, khAdya sAmagrI ke pradUSaNa se bacane ke liye jainAcAryoM ne kina AcAra niyamoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai, isakI carcA karegeM / jala pradUSaNa aura jala - saMrakSaNa jala ko pradUSaNa se mukta rakhane ke liye evaM usake sImita upayoga ke liye jaina granthoM meM aneka nirdeza upalabdha haiN| yadyapi, prAcIna kAla meM aise bar3e udyoga nahIM the, jinase bar3I mAtrA meM jala pradUSaNa ho, phira bhI jala meM alpa mAtrA meM bhI pradUSaNa na ho isakA dhyAna jaina paramparA meM rakhA gayA hai| jaina paramparA meM prAcIna kAla se avadhAraNA rahI hai ki nadI, tAlAba, kue~ Adi meM praveza karake snAna, dAtauna tathA malamUtra Adi kA visarjana nahIM karanA cAhiye, kyoMki jala meM zArIrika-maloM ke utsarga ke pariNAmasvarUpa jo vijAtIya tattva jala meM milate haiM, unase bahutAyata se jalIya jIvoM kI hiMsA hotI hai aura jala pradUSita hotA hai| jaina paramparA meM Aja bhI yaha lokokti hai ki pAnI kA upayoga ghI se bhI adhika sAvadhAnI se karanA caahiye| mujhe svayaM ve dina yAda haiM, jaba ghI ke girane para utanI pratAr3anA nahIM milatI thI, jitanI eka gilAsa pAnI ke gira jAne para 1 Aja se 20-25 varSa pUrva taka jaina muni yaha niyama yA pratijJA dilAte the ki nadI, kue~ Adi meM praveza karake snAna nahIM karanA, snAna meM eka ghar3e se adhika jala kA vyaya nahIM karanA aadi| unake ye upadeza hamArI Aja kI upabhoktA saMskRti ko hAsyAspada lagate ho, kintu bhaviSya meM jo pIne yogya pAnI kA saMkaTa Ane vAlA hai use dekhate hue, ye niyama kitane upayogI evaM mahattvapUrNa hai, ise koI bhI vyakti saralatA se samajha sakatA hai| jaina paramparA meM muniyoM ke liye to sacittajala (jIvana yukta jala ) ke prayoga kA hI niSedha hai| jaina muni kevala ubalA huA garma pAnI yA anya kinhIM sAdhanoM se jIvANu rahita huA jala hI grahaNa kara sakatA hai| sAmAnya upayoga ke liye vaha aisA jala bhI le letA hai, jisakA upayoga gRhastha kara cukA ho aura use bekAra mAnakara pheMka rahA ho| gRhastha upAsaka ke liye bhI jala ke upayoga se pUrva usakA chAnanA aura sImita mAtrA meM hI usakA upayoga karanA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| binA chanA pAnI pInA jainoM ke lie pApAcaraNa mAnA gayA hai| jala ko chAnanA apane ko pradUSita jala grahaNa se bacAnA hai aura isa prakAra vaha svAstha ke saMrakSaNa kA bhI anupama sAdhana hai| jala ke apavyaya kA mukhya kAraNa Aja hamArI upabhoktA saMskRti hai / jala kA mUlya hameM isa liye patA nahIM lagatA hai, ki prathama to vaha prakRti kA niHzulka upahAra hai dUsare Aja
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________________ 138 paryAvaraNa ke pradUSaNa kI samasyA aura jainadharma nala kI ToTI kholakara hama use binA parizrama ke pA lete haiN| yadi kuoM se svayaM jala nikAla kara aura use dUrI se ghara para lAkara isakA upayoga karanA ho to jala kA mUlya kyA hai, isakA hameM patA lage / cAhe isa yuga meM jIvanopayogI saba vastuoM ke mUlya bar3he hoM, kintu jala to sastA hI huA hai| jala kA apavyaya na ho isaliye prathama AvazyakatA yaha hai ki hama upabhoktA saMskRti se vimukha ho / jahA~ pUrva kAla meM jaMgala meM jAkara mala visarjana, dAtauna, snAna Adi kiyA jAtA, vahA~ jala kA kitanA kama upayoga hotA yaha kisI se chipA nahIM hai / punaH vaha mala evaM jala bhI jaMgala ke choTe paudhoM ke liye khAda va pAnI ke rUpa meM upayogI hotA thaa| Aja kI pA~ca sitArA hoTaloM kI saMskRti meM pratyeka vyakti pahale se pacAsa gunA adhika jala kA upayoga karatA hai| jo loga jaMgala meM mala-mUtra visarjana evaM nadI kinAre snAna karate the unakA jala kA vAstavika vyaya do liTara se adhika nahIM thA aura upayoga kiyA gayA jala bhI yA to paudhoM ke upayoga meM AtA thA phira miTTI aura reta se chanakara nadI meM milatA, kintu Aja pA~ca sitArA hoTala meM eka vyakti kama se kama pA~ca sau liTara jala kA apavyaya kara detA hai| yaha apavyaya hameM kahA~ le jAyegA, yaha vicAraNIya hai| vAyupradUSaNa kA prazna vAyupradUSaNa ke prazna para bhI jaina AcArya kA dRSTikoNa spaSTa thA / yadyapi prAcIna kAla meM ve aneka sAdhana, jo Aja vAyupradUSaNa ke kAraNa bane haiM, nahIM the mAtra adhika mAtrA meM dhUmra utpanna karane vAle vyavasAya hI the / dhUmra kI adhika mAtrA na kevala phaladAra per3a-paudhoM ke liye apitu anya prANiyoM aura manuSyoM ke lie kisa prakAra hAnikAraka hai, yaha bAta vaijJAnika gaveSaNAoM aura anubhavoM se siddha ho gayI hai| jaina AcAryoM ne upAsakadazAsUtra meM jaina gRhasthoM ke liye spaSTataH una vyavasAyoM kA niSedha kiyA hai, jinameM adhika mAtrA meM dhUma utpanna hokara vAtAvaraNa ko pradUSita karatA ho / vAyupradUSaNa kA eka kAraNa phaloM Adi ko sar3Akara unase zarAba Adi mAdaka padArtha banAne kA vyavasAya bhI hai| jisakA jaina gRhastha ke lie niSedha hai| vAyupradUSaNa ko rokane aura pradUSita vAyu, sUkSma kITANuoM evaM rajakaNa se bacane ke liye jainoM meM mukha vastrikA bA~dhane yA rakhane kI jo paramparA hai, vaha isa tathya kA pramANa hai ki jaina AcArya isa sambandha meM kitane sajaga the ki pradUSita vAyu aura kITANu zarIra meM mukha evaM nAsikA ke mAdhyama se praveza na kareM aura hamArA dUSita zvAsa vAyupradUSaNa na kreN| paryAvaraNa ke pradUSaNa meM Aja dhUmra chor3ane vAle vAhanoM kA prayoga bhI eka pramukha kAraNa hai| yadyapi vaijJAnika pragati ke isa yuga meM yaha bAta hAsyAspada lagegI, ki hama punaH bailagAr3I kI dizA meM lauTa jAye, kintu yadi vAtAvaraNa ko pradUSaNa se mukta rakhanA hai to hameM hamAre nagaroM aura sar3akoM ko isa dhUmra pradUSaNa se mukta rakhane kA prayAsa karanA hogaa| jaina muni ke liye Aja bhI jo padayAtrA karane aura koI bhI vAhana prayoga nahIM karane kA niyama hai vaha cAhe hAsyAspada lage, kintu paryAvaraNa ko pradUSaNa se bacAne aura mAnava svAstha kI dRSTi se vaha kitanA upayogI hai, ise jhuThalAyA nahIM jA sktaa| Aja kI hamArI upabhoktA saMskRti meM hama eka ora eka phalAMga bhI jAnA ho to vAhana kI apekSA rakhate haiM to dUsarI ora DAkTaroM ke
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________________ pro. sAgaramala jaina 139 nirdeza para pratidina pA~ca-sAta ki.mI. Tahalate bhI hai| yaha kaisI AtmapravaMcanA hai, eka ora samaya kI bacata ke nAma para vAhanoM kA prayoga karanA to dUsarI ora prAtaH kAlIna evaM sAyaMkAlIna bhramaNoM meM apane samaya kA apavyaya krnaa| yadi manuSya madhyama AkAra ke zaharoM taka apane dainAndina kAryoM meM vAhana kA prayoga na kareM to usase doharA lAbha ho| eka ora IMdhana evaM tatsambandhI kharca bace, to dUsarI ora paryAvaraNa pradUSaNa se bdhe| sAtha hI usakA svAstha bhI anukUla rhegaa| prakRti kI ora lauTane kI bAta Aja cAhe paramparAvAdI lagatI ho, kintu eka dina aisA AyegA jaba yaha mAnava astitva kI eka anivAryatA hogii| Aja bhI yU.esa.e. jaise vikasita dezoM meM yaha pravRtti prArambha ho gayI hai| vanaspati jagata aura paryAvaraNa AcArAMgasUtra meM vAnaspatika jIvana kI prANIya jIvana se tulanA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra hama jIvana yukta hai aura anukUla-pratikUla, sukha-duHkhAdi vividha saMvedanAoM kI anubhUti karate hai, usI prakAra se vanaspati jagat Adi ko bhI anubhUti hotI hai| kintu jisa prakAra eka aMdhA, paMgu, mUka evaM badhira vyakti pIDA kA anubhava karate hue bhI use abhivyakta nahIM kara pAtA hai, usI prakAra vanaspati Adi anya jIva-nikAya bhI pIr3A kA anubhava to karate hai kintu use vyakta karane meM samartha nahIM hote| ataH vyakti kA prathama kartavya yahI hai ki vaha unakI hiMsA evaM unake anAvazyaka durupayoga se bce| jisa prakAra hameM apanA jIvana-jIne kA adhikAra hai usI prakAra unheM bhI apanA jIvana jIne kA adhikAra hai| ataH jIvana jahA~ kahIM bhI aura jisa kisI bhI stra meM ho unakA sammAna karanA hamArA kartavya hai| prakRti kI dRSTi meM eka paudhe kA jIvana bhI utanA hI mUlyavAna hai, jitanA eka manuSya kaa| per3a-paudhe paryAvaraNa ko pradUSaNa se mukta karane meM jitane sahAyaka hai, utanA manuSya nahIM hai, vaha to paryAvaraNa ko pradUSita hI karatA hai| vRkSoM evaM vanoM ke saMrakSaNa tathA vanaspati ke durUpayoga se bacane ke sambandha meM bhI prAcIna jaina sAhitya meM aneka nirdeza hai| jaina paramparA meM muni ke lie to harita-vanaspati ko tor3ane va kATane kI bAta to dUra use sparza karane kA bhI niSedha thaa| gRhastha upAsaka ke liye bhI harita vanaspati ke upayoga ko yathA zakti sImita karane kA nirdeza hai| Aja bhI parva-tithiyoM meM harita-vanaspati nahIM khAne ke niyama kA pAlana aneka jaina gRhastha karate hai| kaMda aura mUla kA bhakSaNa jaina-gRhastha ke lie niSiddha hI hai| isake pIche yaha tathya rahA ki yadi manuSya jar3o kA hI bhakSaNa karegA to paudhoM kA astittva hI khatare meM ho jAyegA aura unakA jIvana samApta ho jaayegaa| isI prakAra se usa per3a ko jisakA tanA manuSya kI bAhoM meM na A sakatA ho, kATanA manuSya kI hatyA ke barAbara doSa mAnA gayA hai| gRhastha upAsaka ke lie jina pandraha niSiddha vyavasAyoM kA ullekha hai usameM vanoM ko kATanA bhI niSiddha hai| AvArAMga meM vanaspati ke zarIra kI mAnava zarIra se tulanA karake yahI batalAyA gayA hai ki vanaspati kI hiMsA bhI prANI hiMsA ke samAna hai| isI prakAra banoM meM Aga lagAnA, banoM ko kATanA Adi ko gRhastha ke lie sabase bar3A pApa (mahArambha ) mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki usameM na kevala vanaspati kI hiMsA hotI hai, apitu anya vanya jIvoM kI bhI hiMsA hotI hai aura paryAvaraNa pradUpita hotA hai| kyoMki vana varSA aura
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________________ 140 paryAvaraNa ke pradUSaNa kI samasyA aura jainadharma paryAvaraNa ko pradUSaNa se mukta rakhane ke anupama sAdhana hai ! kITanAzakoM kA prayoga Aja khetI meM jo rAsAyanika urvarakoM aura kITanAzaka davAoM kA upayoga bar3hatA jA rahA hai vaha bhI hamAre bhojana meM hone vAle pradUSaNa kA kAraNa hai| jaina paramparA meM gRhastha- upAsaka ke lie khetI kI anumati to hai, kintu kisI bhI sthiti meM kITanAzaka davAoM kA upayoga karane kI anumati nahIM hai, kyoMki usase choTe-choTe jIvoM kI uddezya pUrNa hiMsA hotI hai, jo usake lie niSiddha hai| isI prakAra gRhastha ke lie niSiddha pandraha vyavasAyoM meM vizaile padArtha kA vyavasAya bhI varjita hai / ataH vaha na to kITanAzaka davAoM kA prayoga kara sakatA hai aura na hI unakA kraya-vikraya kara sakatA hai| mahArASTra ke eka jaina kisAna ne prAkRtika pattoM, gobara Adi kI khAda se tathA kITanAzakoM ke upayoga binA hI apane khetoM meM rikArDa utpAdana karake siddha kara diyA hai ki rAsAyanika urvarakoM ke upayoga na to Avazyaka hai aura na hI vAkanIya, kyoMki isase na kevala paryAvaraNa kA saMtulana bhaMga hotA hai aura vaha pradUSita hotA hai, apitu hamAre khAdyAnna bhI vipayukta banate haiM jo hamAre svAsthya ke liye hAnikara hote haiN| rAtribhojana niSedha aura pradUSaNamuktatA isI prakAra jaina paramparA meM jo rAtribhojana niSedha kI mAnyatA hai, vaha bhI pradUSaNa muktatA kI dRSTi se eka vaijJAnika mAnyatA hai, jisase pradUSita AhAra zarIra meM nahIM pahuMcatA aura svAsthya kI rakSA hotI hai| sUrya ke prakAza meM jo bhojana pakAyA aura khAyA jAtA hai vaha jitanA pradUSaNa mukta evaM svAsthyavarddhaka hotA hai, utanA rAtri ke aMdhakAra yA kRtrima prakAza meM pakAyA gayA bhojana nahIM hotA hai| yaha tathya na kevala mano-kalpanA hai, balki eka vaijJAnika satya hai / jainoM ne rAtribhojana- niSedha ke mAdhyama se paryAvaraNa aura mAnavIya svAsthya donoM ke saMrakSaNa kA prayatna kiyA hai| dina meM bhojana pakAnA aura khAnA use pradUSaNa se mukta rakhanA hai, kyoMki rAtri evaM kRtrima prakAza meM bhojana meM viSAkta sUkSma prANiyoM ke girane kI sambhAvanA prabala hotI hai, punaH dera rAta meM kiye gaye bhojana kA paripAka bhI samyak rUpeNa nahIM hotA hai / zikAra aura mAMsAhAra Aja jo paryAvaraNa kA saMkaTa bar3hatA jA rahA hai usameM vanya-jIvoM aura jalIya jIvoM kA zikAra bhI eka kAraNa hai| Aja jalIya jIvoM kI hiMsA ke kAraNa jala meM pradUSaNa bar3hatA hai| yaha tathya suspaSTa hai ki machaliyA~ Adi jalIya jIvoM kA zikAra jala-pradUSaNa kA kAraNa banatA jA rahA hai| isI prakAra kITa-pataMga evaM vanya jIva bhI paryAvaraNa ke santulana kA bahuta bar3A AdhAra hai| Aja eka ora vanoM ke kaTa jAne se unake saMrakSaNa ke kSetra samApta hote jA rahe haiM, vahIM dUsarI ora phara, camar3e, mAMsa Adi ke lie vanya jIvoM kA zikAra bar3hatA jA rahA hai| jaina paramparA meM koI vyakti tabhI praveza pA sakatA hai jabaki vaha zikAra va mA~sAhAra nahIM karane kA vrata letA hai| zikAra va mA~sAhAra nahIM karanA jaina gRhastha dharma meM praveza kI prathama zarta hai| matsya, mA~sa, aNDe evaM zahada kA niSedha kara jaina AcAryoM ne jIvoM ke saMrakSaNa ke lie bhI
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________________ pro. sAgaramala jaina prAcIna kAla se hI mahattvapUrNa prayatna kiye haiN| rAsAyanika zastroM kA prayoga Aja vizva meM ANavika evaM rAsAyanika zastroM meM vRddhi ho rahI hai aura unake parIkSaNoM tathA yuddha meM unake prayogoM ke mAdhyama se bhI paryAvaraNa meM asaMtulana utpanna hotA hai tathA vaha pradUSita hotA hai| inakA prayoga na kevala mAnavajAti ke lie, apitu samasta prANi-jAti ke astitva ke lie khatarA hai| Aja zastroM kI isa aMdhI daur3a meM hama na kevala mAnavatA kI, apitu isa pRthvI para prANI jagat kI antyeSThi hetu citA taiyAra kara rahe haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne isa satya ko pahale hI samajha liyA thA ki yaha daur3a mAnavatA kI sarva vinAzaka hogI / AcArAMga meM unhoMne kahA 'atthi satyaM pareNaparaM-natthi asatyaM pareNaparaM 10 arthAt zastroM meM eka se bar3hakara eka ho sakate haiM, kintu azastra ( ahiMsA) se bar3hakara kucha nahIM hai / niHzastrIkaraNa kA yaha Adeza Aja kitanA sArthaka hai yaha batalAnA Avazyaka nahIM hai| yadi hameM mAnavatA ke astittva kI cintA hai to paryAvaraNa ke santulana kA dhyAna rakhanA hogA evaM ANavika tathA rAsAyanika zastroM ke prayoga para pratibandha lagAnA hogA / isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jainadharma meM paryAvaraNa ke saMrakSaNa ke lie paryApta rUpa se nirdeza upalabdha hai| usakI dRSTi meM prAkRtika sAdhanoM, asIma dAhana jinameM bar3I mAtrA meM bhU-khanana, jala - avazoSaNa, vAyupradUSaNa, vanoM ke kATane Adi ke kArya hote haiM, ve mahArambha kI koTi meM Ate haiM, jisako jainadharma meM narakagati kA kAraNa batAyA gayA hai| jainadharma kA saMdeza hai prakRti evaM prANiyoM kA vinAza karake nahIM, apitu unakA sahayogI banakara jIvana jInA hI manuSya kA karttavya hai / prakRti vijaya ke nAma para hamane jo prakRti ke sAtha anyAya kiyA hai, usakA daNDa hamArI santAnoM ko na bhugatanA par3e isalie Avazyaka hai ki hama na kevala vanya prANiyoM, per3a-paudhoM, apitu jala, prANavAyu jIvana-UrjA (agni) aura jIvana adhiSThAna (pRthvI) ke sAtha bhI sahayogI banakara jIvana jInA sIkhe, unake saMhAraka banakara nahIM, kyoMki unakA saMhAra prakArAntara se apanA hI saMhAra hai| 1. RSabha 2. ajita jaina AcAryoM kI paryAvaraNa ke prati vizeSa rUpa se vanaspati jagata ke prati kitanI sajagatA rahI hai, isakA patA isa tathya se calatA hai ki unhoMne apane pratyeka tIrthaMkara ke sAtha eka caitya - vRkSa ko jor3a diyA aura isa prakAra ve caitya-vRkSa bhI jainoM ke lie pratIka rUpa pUjya bana gye| samavAyAMgasUtra ke anusAra tIrthaMkaroM ke caityavRkSoM kI sUcI isa prakAra hai| 1 nyagrodha (vaTa ) saptaparNa 3. saMbhava 4. abhinandana 5. sumati -- priyaMgu 6. padmaprabha chatrAha ---- zAla 141 ---- priyAla 7. supArzva - zirISa 8. candraprabha nAgavRkSa 9. puSpadanta sAlI 10. zItala - pilaMkhuvRkSa 11. zreyAnsa -- tinduka 12 vAsupUjya - pATala --
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________________ 13. vimala 14. ananta 15. dharma: 16. zAnti - nandIvRkSa 17. kundhu tilaka 18. ara AmravRkSa 14 -- -- -- ---- ---- jambu azvattha (pIpala) dadhipUrNa -- tIrthaMkara RSabha - baila ajita gaja ---- sambhava azva abhinandana kapi sumatinAtha -- krauMca puSpadaMta vAsupUjya lAMchana -- isa prakAra hama yaha bhI dekhate haiM ki jaina paramparA ke anusAra pratyeka tIrthaMkara jJAna prApti ke pazcAt azoka vRkSa kI chAyA meM baiThakara hI apanA upadeza dete haiM isase bhI unakI prakRti aura paryAvaraNa ke prati sajagatA pragaTa hotI hai| prAcInakAla meM jaina muniyoM ko vanoM meM hI rahane kA nirdeza thA, phalataH ve prakRti ke ati nikaTa hote the / kAlAntara jaba kucha jaina muni caityoM yA bastiyoM meM rahane lage to unake do vibhAga ho gaye. -- 1. caityavAsI 2. vanavAsI kintu isameM bhI caityavAsI kI apekSA vanavAsI muni hI adhika AdaraNIya bne| jaina paramparA meM vanavAsa ko sadaiva hI Adara kI dRSTi se dekhA gyaa| isIprakAra hama yaha bhI hai ki jaina tIrthaMkara pratimAoM ko eka-dUsare se pRthaka karane ke lie jina pratIka cinhoM (lAMnoM ) ko prayoga kiyA gayA hai unameM bhI vanya jIvoM yA jala-jIvoM ko hI prAthamikatA milI hai| yathA makara 142 paryAvaraNa ke pradUSaNa kI samasyA aura jainadharma * mahiSa * 19. mallI 20. munisuvrata 21. nami -- bakula 22. nemi -- vetrasavRkSa 23. pArzva - dhAtakIvRkSa 24. mahAvIra (vardhamAna ) zAlavRkSa ---- ---- -- azoka -- ---- varAha vimala ananta zyenapakSI ananta rIcha zAntinAtha -- mRga kuMthuM -- chA campaka sudrata - kUrma pArzvanAtha - sarpa mahAvIra siMha ina sabhI tathyoM se yaha phalita hai ki jaina AcArya prakRti aura paryAvaraNa ke prati sajaga rahe hai tathA unake dvArA pratipAdita AdhAra sambandhI vidhiniSedha paryAvaraNa ko pradUSaNa mukta rakhane meM paryApta rUpa se sahAyaka hai|
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________________ sandarbha 1. 6. taM pariNNAya mehAvI va saMya chajjIva-NikAya-satthaM samAraMbhejjA, NevaNNehiM chajjIva-NikAya-satthaM samArabhAvejjA, NevaNNe chajjIva-NikAya-satthaM samAraMbhate smnnujaannejjaa| - AyAro, AcArya tulasI, 1/176 se bemi -- saMti pANA udaya-nissiyA jIvA annegaa| - AyAro, AcArya tulasI, 1/54 dekhiye -- AyAro, dvitIya uddezaka se saptama uddezaka taka parasparopagraho jIvAnAm, tattvArthasUtra, umAsvAti, 5/21 tumaMsi nAma sacceva jaM 'haMtatvaM ti mannasi, tumaMsi nAma sacceva jaM ajjAveyavvaM ti mannasi, tumaMsi nAma sadhyeva ja paritAveyadhvaM ti mannasi, tamaMsi nAma sacceva ja parighetavvaM ti mannasi, tumaMsi nAma sacceva ja 'udaveyavvaM ti mannasi / - AyAro, 5/10 vaNassaijIvANaM mANusseNa tulaNA padaM se bemi-- imaMpi jAidhammayaM, eyapi jAdhammayaM / imaMpi budhimmayaM eyapi buThThidhammayaM / imaMpi cittamaMtayaM, eyapi cittamaMtayaM / imaMpi chinna milAti, eyapi chinna milaati| imaMpi AhAragaM, eyapi AhAragaM / imaMpi aNiccayaM, eyapi anniccy| imaMpi asAsayaM, eyapi asaasyN| imaMpi cayAvadhaiyaM, eyapi cayAvacaiyaM / imaMpi vipariNAmadhammayaM, eyapi vipariNAmadhammayaM / - AyAro, saM. AcArya tulasI, 1/32 taM jahA -- iMgAlakamme, vaNakamme, sADIkamme, bhADIkamme, phoDIkamme, daMtavANijje, lakkhAvANijje, rasavANijje, visavANijje, kesavANijje, jaMtapIlaNakamme, nillaMchaNakamme, davaggidAvaNayA, saradahatalAyasosaNayA, asiijnnposnnyaa| - upAsakadazAsUtra, saM. madhukara muni, 1/5 vahI, 1/5 se vAriyA itthi sarAyabhattaM 1 - sUtrakRtAMgasUtra, madhukaramuni, 1/6/379 samavAyAMgasUtra, madhukaramuni, pariziSTa 646 . 7. 9. 10.