Paramparagat Prakrit Vyakaran ki Samiksha Aur Ardhamagadhi A Pustakno Parichay

Author(s): K R Chandra
Publisher: ZZ_Anusandhan
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/229625/1

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'paraMparAgata prAkRta vyAkaraNa kI samIkSA aura ardhamAgadhI' e pustakano paricaya ke. Ara. candra prastuta graMthamAM 15 adhyAya che jemAM prAkRta bhASAmAM thatAM dhvani parivartana ane tenA vyAkaraNanA niyamo viSe viziSTa carcA karavAmAM AvI che. prAkRta bhASAnA vyAkaraNakAro zuM zuM niyamo Ape che ane upalabdha prAkRta sAhityanI bhASA upara te kyAM sudhI lAgu paDe che tathA zilAlekhonI prAkRta bhASAne dhyAnamAM laIne vyAkaraNanA niyamonuM vizleSaNa karavAmAM AvyuM che je A pramANe che : 1. prAkRta bhASAnI utpatti viSe bharatamunino zo abhiprAya che ane saMskRta bhASA sAthai prAkRta kevI jAtano saMbaMdha dharAve che. upasaMhAra rUpe ema kahevAmAM kaI doSa jaNAto nathI ke prAkRta bhASAnI mAtra samajUtI mATe saMskRta bhASAno AdhAra levAmAM Avyo che, na ke saMskRtamAMthI prAkRtanI utpatti thaI che. 2. madhyavartI 'ta'kAranaM 'da'mAM parivartana mAtra zaurasenI ane mAgadhImA ja thAya che ke mahArASTrI prAkRtamAM athavA to sAmAnya prAkRtamAM paNa vararucinA prAkRta vyAkaraNa pramANe kyAreka kyAreka 'ta'nA badalAmAM 'da'nA prayogo maLatA hatA. 3. madhyavartI 'pa'nuM prAyaH 'va'mAM parivartana thAya che evo je niyama ApavAmAM Avyo che te prAcIna prAkRta bhASAmAM keTale aMze lAgu paDe che. 4. madhyavartI alpaprANa vyaMjanono prAyaH lopano niyama ardhamAgadhI bhASA athavA prAcIna prAkRta bhASAoM upara lAgu paDato nathI. 5. udvRtta svaranA sthAne 'ya' zrutino prayoga mAtra jaina prAkRta sAhityanI vizeSatA gaNavAmAM AvI che paNa zilAlekhomAM paNa AvI ja pravRtti jovA maLe che. 6. anunAsika vyaMjana G, ane J (kaMThya ane tAlavya) nA potAnA ja varganA vyaMjano sAthai saMyukta rUpe prayogo Ama eka prAcIna paddhati che ane arddhamAgadhI bhASAmAM temanA sthaLe anusvArano prayoga paravartI kALamAM thavA pAmyo che ema jaNAya che.

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[123] 7. Adya daMtya 'na'kArano prayoga prAcIna prAkRta bhASAomAM thato hato jyAre temanA sthAne mUrdhanya 'Na'kArano prayoga sarvathA paravartI kALanI vizeSatA rahI 8. e ja rote madhyavartI 'na'kAra( dantya)nA prayoganI paraMparA paNa prAcIna che paNa paravartI kALanA vyAkaraNakAronA niyamone lIdhe prAcIna prAkRtomAM paNa tenA sthAne mUrdhanya 'Na'kAranA prayogo dhIre dhIre pracalita thavA pAmyA che. A prakAranA prayogomAM vararucinA prAkRta vyAkaraNano vadhAre paDato prabhAva che, e eka nirvivAda hakIkata che. 9, 10. enI ja rIte 'jJa', nya, ane na'naM daMtya 'nna'mAM parivartana prAcIna gaNAya che jyAre emanA sthAne mUrdhanya 'NaNa' nA prayogo paravartI kALanI pravRtti che. sAthe sAthe saMyukta vyaMjana 'Nya' ane 'Na'(Nya-rNa) paNa dantya 'tra'mAM badalAi jAya che evaM pUrva bhAratanI prAcIna zilAlekhonI bhASAmAM jovA maLe che. eTale ardhamAgadhImAM to sAmAnyarUpe 'nna'nA sthAne 'NNa'nA prayogo enA mULa svarUpathI viruddha thaI jAya che. 11. saptamI ekavacana mATe -ssi ane pachI-mhi' A banne prAcIna vibhakti pratyayo che. paravartI kALamAM emanA sthAne 'mmi', pracalana thavA pAmyaM che. je mahArASTrI prAkRtano pratyaya cha, na ke ardhapAgadhI prakRtano. 12. (a) prathamA dvitIyA bahuvacanano '-Ni' (ba) tRtIyA ekavacanano '-eNa' (sa) tRtIyA bahuvacanano '-hi' (da) SaSThI bahuvacanano '-NaM' ane (ka) saptamI bahuvacano '-su' A badhA pratyayo prAcIna prAkRta bhASAonA prAcIna pratyayo che jyAre jyAre emanI jagyAe kramazaH (a)-I-i, (ba)-eNaM, (sa)-hiM, hi~, (da)-Na, ane(ka) -suM pratyayo paravartIkALamAM vikasita thayAM che ane teo vadhAre paDatA paravartI prAkRtomAM vaparAyelA jovA maLe che. ardhamAgadhI jevI prAcIna prAkRta bhASA paNa paravartIkALamAM temanA prabhAvathI bacI zakI nahIM e eka hakIkata che, eTale ema kahevU joIe ke paravartIkALanA pratyayo paNa mULa ardhamAgadhImAM ghUsI gayA che.

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[124] -NA 13. madhyavartI vyaMjana eTale ke vedo ane pAlimAM vaparAto 'Na' (gujarAtI 'La', marAThI-rAjasthAnI 'La') prAcIna prAkRtamAM paNa vaparAto hato paNa paravartI kALamAM anI jagyAe 'la ane Da' AvI gayA ane paravartI kALamAM ardhamAgadhImAMthI paNa 'La' no lopa thaI gayo ema kahevU anupayukta nathI jaNAtuM. 14. ardhamAgadhI sAhityamA prAcIna ane uttaravartI kALamAM pracalita thayelA ema banne prakAranA pratyayo eka sAthe ja prayukta thayelA jovA maLe che. A badhuM pramAdanA lIdhe thayuM haze athavA to pachInA kALane anurUpa bhASAne samajavAmAM saralatA lAvavA khAtara paNa Aq banyuM haze ema paNa kahI zakAya. kAraNa ke jaina athavA to zramaNa paraMparAmAM artha upara vadhAre bhAra mUkavAmAM Avyo che, 7 ke vaidika paraMparA pramANe bhASA upara viziSTa bhAra mUkavAmAM Avyo hato. 15. jesalameranI eka tADapatranI hastapratamAM maLatA pAThonA AdhAre 'vizeSAvazyaka-bhASya'nA navIna saMskaraNa(saMpA. paM. dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA, lA. da. bhA. saM. vidyAmaMdira, amadAvAda, 1966)mAM dhvani-parivartananI dRSTie ghaNA kharA zabda-pATho badalAI (enA karatAM A graMthanA jUnA saMskaraNonI dRSTie) gayA che. evI ja rIte ardhamAgadhI Agama jevA prAcIna graMthonI prAcIna bhASAmAM paNa hastapratomA upalabdha thatAM prAcIna zabda-rUpone prAthamikatA ApavI joIe ane e dRSTie ardhamAgadhI Agama graMthonu punaH sampAdana tharbu joIe evaM eka nivedana prastuta karavAmAM AvyuM che. chelle, prAcIna lekhana paddhati ane pachInI lekhana paddhatimAM thayelA pheraphArane lIdhe akSaromAM koIka vAra thayelA bhramane lIdhe 'na'kAra 'Na'kAra rUpe vaMcAvA mAMDyo hoya ema paNa jaNAya che tethI mULa 'na'kAra 'Na'kAramA badalAI javAnI paNa saMbhAvanA ochI nathI. A badhAM adhyayana ane vizleSaNano sAra eTalo ja ke ardhamAgadhI jevI prAcIna ane pUrva bhAratanI bhASAmAM paravartIkALanI prAkRto ane vaiyAkaraNonA niyamone lIdhe je je pheraphAro thavA pAmyA che te te sthaLe prAmANika AdhAro pramANe prAcIna zabda-rUpo paristhApita thavA joIe e ja aMtima phalazruti che.* * pustakanA prakAzaka : prAkRta jaina vidyAvikAsa phaMDa, amadAvAda. 1995. pR. 130. kiM.