Padarth Prakash Part 01 Jeev Vichar Navtattva

Author(s): Hemchandrasuri
Publisher: Sanghvi Ambalal Ratanchand Jain Religious Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/022311/1

Page #1

PADARTH PRAKASH
PART-1
JEEV-VICHAR NAVTATTVA
Dev
On
Narak
Ac. Hemchandrasuri
Earth, Water, Fire, Wind, Vegetation

Page #2

1)
2)
BOWINGS We bow down in the pious feet of Lord Shree SHANKHESHWAR PARSHWANATH, Lord Shree STHAMBHAN PARSHWANATH, Lord Shree KALIKUND PARSHWANATH, Lord Shree SIMANDHARSWAMI, Shashanpati Lord Shree MAHAVEERSWAMI.
DIVINE GRACE May The ocean of doctrines, creator of a huge group of ascetics acharyadev shreemadvijay PREMSURISHVARJI Maharaja, The logic scholar, practisioner of vardhaman penance acharyadev shreemadvijay
BHUVANBHANUSURISHVARJI Maharaja, and 3) The ocean of peace, practisioner of perfect
ascetism, pannyasji shree PADMAVIJAYJI GANIVARYA shower their divine grace on us.
(DECENT BLESSINGS May the mobile computor of scriptures, leader of
the gutch acharyadev shreemadvijay JAYGHOSHSURISHVARJI Maharaja bless us.
BY THE COURTESY OF Mooliben Ambalal and family Taraben Tarachand, Upendra, Dinesh, Pushpaben Bansilal, Mukesh, Nipun,Piyush, Rasilaben Dharnendra, Nilesh, Sandeep, Ramaben Pandrik, Sharmesh
50

Page #3

ધર્મ સંસ્કારદાતા પરમોપકારી
સ્વ. પૂજ્ય પિતાશ્રી અંબાલાલ રતનચંદ સંઘવી
නිටයි.
AUDD
જન્મ : ૧૯૪૭
જેઠ સુદ ૮ ખંભાત
006
2000
20000
રવર્ગવાસ : ૧૯૯૯ શ્રાવણ વદ ૧૧ ખંભાત

Page #4

FO S90 Secco S90009902005946
29efGOS9COM
શ્રાદ્ધવર્ય સંઘવી અંબાલાલ રતનચંદ
SOper
DGC CODEC CODGC CODGS CO-DGCOil
आणपाथी पितानीछत्रछायागुभावी, भातासे उछे.. युवानीभां भुंछ आव्या. भोतीनाहागीना परोववानाठार्यभां स्थिरथया.
लगभग साई छवन असाताना घ्यने लोगववाभांपसारथयुं.छतां...
हैव-गुरु-धर्भप्रत्येअथागश्रद्धा. सुपात्राननोमतिशय प्रेभ. यारित्रन लेवाय त्यांसुधीधपाध. शांतिस्नात्रन थाय त्यांसुधीश्रीजंऽध. (पुत्राष्टिपरिवारे तेभनो नियम पूज्र्यो .) सुपुत्र आयार्थ श्री हेभयंद्रसूरिभ.सा. पुत्रीसाध्वीश्री वसंतप्रभाश्री भ. पुत्रवधूसाध्वीश्रीस्वयंप्रभाश्रीभ. पौत्रीसाध्वीश्री हिव्ययशाश्री भ. विशाण परिवार साथे सुंघरआराधनारीडरावी रह्याछे. धर्भधत्नी श्राद्धवर्या भूणीने तेभनी स्मृति निभित्ते “संघवी संपालाल रतनयं न धार्भि: ट्रस्ट"नी स्थापना हुरी छे. ना अन्वये अगशित सुव्रतना ठार्यो, थया छे तथा थछ रया छे,
DOECOCCOOOOOD

Page #5

Shree Shankheshwar Parshvanathay Namo Namah
Namo Namah Shree Guru Premsuraye
PADARTH-PRAKASH
(PART-1)
JEEV-VICHAR AND NAVTATTVA COLLECTION OF ELEMENTS, GATHAS
AND LITERAL MEANINGS
COMPILED BY ACHARYA HEMCHANDRASURI (A DISCIPLE OF LATE PANNYAS PADMAVIJAYJI GANIVARYA)
BODEISTER
SANGHVI AMBALAL RATANCHAND JAIN
RELIGIOUS TRUST C/. B.A.Shah & Brothers, 76, Zaveri Bazaar, Mumbai-2
Tel. 2413933, 2402206

Page #6

V.S.2061 First edition
2005 A.D. Price : Rs. 20/
Copies : 1000
AVAILABLE AT
1)
2)
Publisher P.A. Shah Jwellers 110, Heerapanna, Hajiali, Mumbai-26 Tel. No. 24937397, 23693971
3)
Chandrakant S. Sanghvi B/6, Ashoka Complex, Near First Canal, Patan, (N.Gujarat), Tel. No.31603
We shall never forget the obligations of ascetics and nuns who have achieved
ascetism from our family. They are - 1) Reverent Acharyadev Shreemadvijay
HEMCHANDRASURISHVARJI Maharaja. 2) Reverent Sadhvijishree
VASANTPRABHASHREEJI Maharaj.
3)
Reverent Sadhvijishree SWAYAMPRABHASHREEJI Maharaj.
4)
Reverent Sadhvijishree
DIVYAYASHASHREEJI Maharaj. We emotionally bow down in their feet.
Printed By :
SHREE PARSHVA COMPUTERS, 58, Patel Society, Jawaharchowk, Maninagar, Abad-380008. Tel : 079-30912149

Page #7

FOREWORD
In ancient times, people had sharp intellect. So, they could remember everything just by listening. But, as the time passed the intellect of people started declining. So, the acharyas decided that all the scriptures should be written on paper for their preservance, otherwise the scriptural knowledge would be totally demolished due to the weakening of memory day by day. On the other hand, many tender-hearted acharyas composed many scriptures by collecting elements from the Angasutras. The acharyas in the lineage composed prakarana scriptures by collecting elements of various subjects fromthe Agam scriptures.
Many such prakarana-scriptures are existent today. Among these the knowledge of Jeevvichar, Navtattva, Dandak, Sangrahni, Three Bhashyas, Six Karmagranths, Kshetrasamas, Brihat Sangrahni etc. is very much essential to become familiar with Jain-doctrines. Even today the study of these prakarna-scriptures is widespread in the Jain Sangh.
Along with the knowledge of Sanskrit Grammar and logic-scriptures, if one has learned the above mentioned prakarana-scriptures, he can easily read the Agam-scriptures. Those who lack the knowledge of these prakarana-scriptures, they have great difficulty in reading the Agam-scriptures

Page #8

and in attaining their prefect hidden meanings, even if they are scholars of grammar and logic. Thus, in the absence of the knowledge of prakarana-scriptures, one has to keep himself away from the true knowledge of Agamas.
The ascetics and nuns who don't have the right or ability for reading the Agamas can also become great scholars of scriptural elements after studying the prakarana scriptures. By the knowledge of these scriptures, one's faith in Jainism increases and gets strengthened. A scholar of prakarna scriptures is neither amazed by the miraculous scientific inventions in the present age, nor he looses faith in Jainism. His soul becomes more and more pure. Virtues such as humility, graveness, tolerance etc. increase in his life. He becomes firm in executing religious activities. His indifference develops. As a result, he can attain good soulprosperity. That's why the study of prakaranascriptures is very essential in the path of soulprosperity.
I have attempted to put forth the collection of elements of prakaranas in the feet of the Sangh by the grace of gurudev. In this book I have tried to focus light on the elements of Jeev-vichar and Navtattva. After the completion of elements, the gathas of the prakaranas and their literal meanings

Page #9

are also given at the end for the benefit of the readers. The readers must understand these elements from gurudev, cram them and revise them again and again. In this way only the knowledge of elements would become firm and stable.
Formerly, this book was published in gujarati. But, nowadways I came in contact of many teenagers who couldn't read or write gujarati. This was due to their education in english medium. Among these, many were tallented and had affection for religion in their heart. I wanted to enlighten their souls also with the knowledge of elements. For this, english translation of the gujarati book was very much necessary. Efforts were made for this and atlast an english translation was writeen, which is published in this book. It has been throughout checked by Sir Natvarlal Shah, M.A., M.Ed., L.L.B., Michigan (U.S.A.) Ex. fellow of Vadodara. I am very grateful to him at his moment.
I firmly believe that by the study of this book many people would attain the perfect knowledge of elements, they would strengthen their faith in Jainism and develop emotions for attaining ascetism in their life.
If any mistake has been left in this book due to my lack of perfect knowledge or due to presserror and if anything has been written against

Page #10

Jainsim, I beg pardon for it, please, forgive me. I also request the scholars to bring to my notice any errors seen in this book, so that they can be improved in the next edition.
- Acharya Hemchandrasuri Sixth day of the dark fortnight of the month Mrigsirsh in the
Year V.S.2061, Pindwada.
INDEX
No.
Subject
Page No
1. Elements of Jeev-vichar 2. Gathas and literal meanings
of Jeev-vichar.
3.
Elements of Navtattva.
4. Gathas and literal meanings
of Nav-tattva.

Page #11

JEEV-VICHAR
(A DISCUSSION ON LIVING BEINGS) (A collection of elements)
The universe can be divided into two divisions, viz.
Livingbeings
Beings possessing life-spirit are called livingbeings JEEV. Jeev is also called Prani. Beings possessing PRAN (vitality) are called PRANI (animate beings).
There are two types of prans.
1) DRAVYA PRAN (vitality of body)
They can be further
divided into ten
sections
three powers, respiration, life.
Nonlivingbeings.
-
five senses,
2) BHAV PRAN
(vitality of soul)
Darshan (faith), Gnan (knowledge), Charitra (conduct)
etc.
Five Senses :- Sparshnendriya (skin), Rasnendriya (tongue), Ghranendriya (nose), Chakshurindriya (eyes),
Shrotrendriya (ears).

Page #12

JEEV-VICHAR
Three Powers :- Manbal (mental power), Vachanbal (vocal power), Kaaybal (physical power).
There are two types of living beings.
(2)
(1) SANSARI - Those who
are bound by the bonds of karma and are roaming in four classes of the mundane state.
SIDDH - Those who have attained liberation.
The sansari living-beings are of two types.
(1)
TRAS (mobile) Those (2) STHAVAR (immobile) who can migrate willingly Those who can't mifrom one place to an- grate willingly from one other when afflicted by place to another when heat etc.
afflicted by heat etc.
STHAVAR DIVISIONS OF STHAVAR
Prithvikaay
Apkaay
Teukaay
Sukshma Badar
Sukshma Badar Sukshma Badar
Vaukaay
Vanaspatikaay
7
.
Sukshma
Badar
Pratyek
Sadharan
Badar Sukshma Badar [Pratyek vanaspatikaay are only badar, but not sukshma.)

Page #13

JEEV-VICHAR
Thus, there are eleven divisions. Each of them can be further divided into two types, namely Paryapta and Aparyapta. Thus, there are twenty-two divisions of Sthavar.
SUKSHMA - When the living beings can't be been by our leather eyes, even if countless bodies of infinite living beings are assembled together, then they are called Sukshma. (They are widespread in the entire universe). When a single or two or countable or countless bodies of living beings, assembled together, can be seen by our leather eyes, then the livingbeings are called Badar (except Badar Vaukaay.)
BADAR
(2)
3
-
(1) PRITHVIKAAY - Living-beings who have the prithvi (earth) itself as their body are called Prithvikaay. e.g. quartz, coral, diamonds, gems such as ruby, cinnabar, mercury, metals such as gold, earth, salt, chalk, different kinds of stones, antimony, mica, etc.
APKAAY - Livingbeings who have water itself as their body are called Apkaay. e.g. water from earth, water from sky (rainwater), dew, ice, hail, water oozing out on plants, fog, ghanodadhi etc. (Ghanodadhi is solid water beneath the heavens and the hells.) (3) TEUKAAY - Livingbeings who have fire itself as their body are called Teukaay. e.g. burning coal, spark, blaze, the line of light caused by a falling star, lightening, lamplight, tubelight etc.
(4) VAUKAAY - Living-beings who have the wind itself as their body are called Vaukaay. e.g. wind blowing at heights, wind blowing on land, whirlwind, noisy wind, ghanwaat, tanwaat etc. (Ghanwaat, Tanwaat -

Page #14

JEEV-VICHAR Beneath hells, there is ghanodadhi and beneath it there are layers of these two types of winds.)
(5) VANASPATIKAAY - Livingbeings who have vegeta
tion as their body are called Vanaspatikaay.
They are of two types : 1) Pratyek Vanaspatikaay.
2) Sadharan Vanaspatikaay. Pratyek - When there is a single soul in a single body, the livingbeing is called Pratyek. e.g. trees, fruits, skin, trunks of trees, roots, leaves etc.
Sadharan - When there are infinite souls in a single body, the livingbeings are called Sadharan. e.g. onion, sprout, moss, fungus, green ginger, wet turmeric, kunvar (a kind of herb), thor (a thorny plant), -potato etc.
PECULIARITIES TO IDENTIFY SADHARAN VANASPATIKAAY
1) Joints, the portion between two joints, fibres are
hidden. 2) On cutting they can be divided into two even parts. 3) After cutting, if sown they grow again.
PARYAPTA - Livingbeings who have completed paryaptis proper for them or would complete them before their death are called Paryapta.
APARYAPTA - Livingbeings who haven't completed paryaptis proper for them or would die without completing them are called Aparyapta.
PARYAPTI - The power by which matter can be taken and transformed is called Paryapti.

Page #15

JEEV-VICHAR
Six TYPES OF PARYAPTIS
1)
Ahaar-Paryapti - The power by which a livingbeing takes food particles and transforms them into extract and excreta is called Ahaar-paryapti. Shareer-Paryapti - The power by which a livingbeing builts its body consisting of seven chief substances from the extract is called Shareer-paryapti.
Indriya-Paryapti - The power by which a livingbeing develops sense organs from the body is called Indriya-paryapti.
Shvashochhvas-Paryapti - The power by which a livingbeing takes respiratory particles, executes respiration and discharges them is called Shvashochhvas-paryapti.
5)
Bhasha-Paryapti - The power by which a livingbeing takes vocal particles, executes them as speech and discharges them is called Bhasha-paryapti.
Manah Paryapti - The power by which a livingbeing takes mental particles, executes them as thoughts and discharges them is called Manah-paryapti.
TIME_OF PARYAPTIS
IN AUDAARIKBODY (THE NATURAL BODY OF HUMANBEINGS, ANIMALS AND PLANTS) • Ahaar-paryapti is completed on the very first moment
of existence. After that within fortyeight minutes Shareerparyapti is completed.

Page #16

JEEV-VICHAR After that within fortyeight minutes Indriyaparyapti is completed. After that within fortyeight minutes Shvashochhvasparyapti is completed. After that within fortyeight minutes Bhashaparyapti is completed. After that within fortyeight minutes Manahparyapti is completed
•
IN VAIKRIYA BODY_AND_AHAARAK BODY
Ahaar-paryapti is completed on the very first moment of existence. After that within fortyeight minutes Shareer-paryapti is completed. After that the next moment Indriya-paryapti is completed. After that the next moment Shvashochhvas-paryapti is completed After that the next moment Bhasha-paryapti is completed. After that the next moment Manah-paryapti is completed.
FIVE_TYPES_OF_BODIES OF LIVINGBEINGS
The bodies of livingbeings residing in this world are of five types. 1) Audaarik Body - It is made of audaarik particles.

Page #17

JEEV-VICHAR
3)
2) Vaikriya Body It is made of vaikriya particles. Celestial beings, infernal beings; and humanbeings, animals and paryapta badar vaukaay, possessing the power of creating this body, possess this body. Aahaarak Body - It is made of aahaarak particles. When the ascetics, who possess the knowledge of fourteen purvas, have doubts in elementary thinking or when they desire to visualize the grandeur of samavasaran ( an extraordinary building built by the celestialbeings where tirthankars reside and deliver speeches), they develop this body and go near the Lord in Mahavideh-kshetra.
4)
5)
7
Humanbeings and Animatebeings (sthavar and animals) possess this body.
-
Taijas Body - It is made of taijas particles. All the sansari livingbeings possess this body. It serves as a cause to digest the eaten food.
Karman Body - The collection of karmas which has stuck on the soul is called the karman body. This body is also possessed by all sansari livingbeings. A livingbeing migrating to the next life takes the taijas body and the karmanbody along with him.
NAMES OF THE 22 TYPES_OF_STHAVARS 1) Paryapta Sukshma Prithvikaay. 2) Paryapta Sukshma Apkaay. 3) Paryapta Sukshma Teukaay. 4) Paryapta Sukshma Vaukaay.
5) Paryapta Sukshma Sadharan Vanaspatikaay.

Page #18

8
Paryapta Badar Prithvikaay.
Paryapta Badar Apkaay.
6)
7)
8)
Paryapta Badar Teukaay. 9) Paryapta Badar Vaukaay.
10)
Paryapta Badar Pratyek Vanaspatikaay. Paryapta Badar Sadharan Vanaspatikaay. 12) Aparyapta Sukshma Prithvikaay.
11)
13) Aparyapta Sukshma Apkaay. 14) Aparyapta Sukshma Teukaay. 15) Aparyapta Sukshma Vaukaay.
16)
17) Aparyapta Badar Prithvikaay.
18)
Aparyapta Badar Apkaay.
19) Aparyapta Badar Teukaay.
20)
Aparyapta Badar Vaukaay.
21) Aparyapta Badar Pratyek Vanaspatikaay. 22) Aparyapta Badar Sadharan Vanaspatikaay.
Aparyapta Sukshma Sadharan Vanaspatikaay.
Among these there are :
10 Sukshmas
OR
& 12 Badars
4
JEEV-VICHAR
4
6
22
11 Paryaptas
& 11 Aparyaptas
OR
Prithvikaay
Apkaay
Teukaay
Vaukaay
Vanaspatikaay
The sthavars
are also called
ekendriya, (livingbeings
possessing just a single sense organ i.e. skin)

Page #19

JEEV-VICHAR
TRAŞKAAY The tras livingbeings can be divided into four sections.
1) Beindriya.
2) Teindriya.
3) Chaurindriya. 4) Panchendriya. • Beindriya, Teindriya and Chaurindriya are collectively
called Vikalendriya. 1) BEINDRIYA - Livingbeings who possess two sense
organs - skin and tongue- are called Beindriya. e.g. bellyworms, woodworms, conch, seashells, worms
produced in the food of the previous day, etc. 2) TEINDRIYA - Livingbeings who possess three sense
organs - skin, tongue, and nose - are called Teindriya. e.g. ants, ial' (a kind of worm), louse, bug, centipede,
gingoda (worms produced in the bodies of dogs) etc. 3) CHAURINDRIYA - Livingbeings who possess four
sense organs - skin, tongue, nose, eyes - are called Chaurindriya. e.g. scorpion, locust, wasp, honeybee, fly, mosquito etc. (3 Paryapta + 3 Aparyapta = Totally 6 Types.
PANCHENDRIYA CAN BE DIVIDED INTO FOUR TYPES
Naarki (Infernalbeings)
14
Tiryanch (Animatebeings)
20
Manushya (Humanbeings)
303
Dev (Celestialbeings)
198

Page #20

10
JEEV-VICHAR
Tribal names
NAARKI Names of seven kinds of earth 1) Ratnaprabha 2) Sharkaraprabha 3) Valukaprabha 7 paryapta + 4) Pankprabha
7 aparyapta = 5) Dhoomprabha 14 types. 6) Tamahprabha 7) Mahatamahprabha
Dhamma Vansha Shaila Anjana Rishta Magha Maaghvati
Beneath our earth there are naraks (hells). Causes of binding narkaayushya (life of hell) are as follows - developing and running big industries, hoardings of great wealth, violent thoughts, killing panchendriya livingbeings, meat-eating etc. In hell, livingbeings endure terrible pains of heat, cold, thirst, hunger, disease, burning sensation, grief, fright etc.
PANCHENDRIYA TIRYANCH
They are of three types
1
1) Jalchar
2) Sthalchar
3) Khechar
1) Chatushpad 2) Urahparisarp 3) Bhujparisarp. • JALCHAR - Livingbeings dwelling in water are called
Jalchar. e.g. fish, crocodile etc. • STHALCHAR - Livingbeings dwelling on land are called
Sthalchar. • KHECHAR - Livingbeings who fly in the sky are called
Khechar. e.g. pigeon, sparrow, parrot, peacock etc.

Page #21

11
JEEV-VICHAR
CHATUSHPAD - Livingbeings with four limbs. e.g. elephant, cow, horse, bullock etc. URAHPARISARP - Livingbeings who crawl. e.g. snake, python etc. BHUJPARISARP - Livingbeings walking on forelimbs.
e.g. rat, squirrel, lizard, mongoose etc. Jalchar 1 Garbhaj
Paryapta Sthalchar | 3 | Sammurchhim | 5 | Aparyapta Khechar Total 5
10 Types 20
10
| 10
GARBHAJ - Livingbeings who are born from mother's womb due to the contact of their parents. SAMMURCHHIM - Livingbeings who are naturally born without the contact of parents.
20 TYPES OF PANCHENDRIYA TIRYANCH
Ñ ñ fino no
Paryapta Garbhaj Jalchar Paryapta Garbhaj Chatushpad Paryapta Garbhaj Urahparisarp Paryapta Garbhaj Bhujparisarp Paryapta Garbhaj Khechar Paryapta Sammurchhim Jaichar Paryapta Sammurchhim Chatushpad Paryapta Sammurchhim Urahparisarp Paryapta Sammurchhim Bhujparisarp Paryapta Sammurchhim Khechar Aparyapta Garbhaj Jalchar Aparyapta Garbhaj Chatushpad
10) 11) 12)

Page #22

12
13) 14)
JEEV-VICHAR Aparyapta Garbhaj Urahparisarp Aparyapta Garbhaj Bhujparisarp Aparyapta Garbhaj Khechar Aparyapta Sammurchhim Jalchar Aparyapta Sammurchhim Chatushpad Aparyapta Sammurchhim Urahparisarp Apatyapta Sammurchhim Bhujparisarp Aparyapta Sammurchhim Khechar
20)
Two TYPES_OF KHECHAR
1)
Those who have featherwings - e.g. pigeon, sparrow, crow, parrot, peacock etc. Those who have leather wings - e.g. bat, flying fox etc.
2)
Two_TYPES_OF BIRDS FROM ANOTHER POINT OF VIEW.
Those with extended wings - Their wings are extended even when they fly or sit.
Those with closed wings - Their wings are closed · even when they fly or sit.
These two types of birds dwell outside the Manushya Lok (a region in which humanbeings can dwell).
The two types of khechar haven't been counted among the 20 types of Panchendriya tiryanch.
MANUSHYA
The fourteen rajloks (world of livingbeings) are composed of three sections - the upper section is called

Page #23

JEEV-VICHAR
Urdhvalok, the lower section is called Adholok, the middle section is called Tirchhalok. The earth on which we reside is Tirchhalok.
13
TIRCHHALOK :- Jambudweep is in the centre of the tirchhalok. It's circular in shape with a diameter of one lakh yojans (a measure to measure space).
Surrounding it from all the sides is ringshaped Lavansamudra. Its breadth is twice the diameter of Jambudweep. Surrounding it from all the sides is ringshaped Dhatkikhand. Its width is twice that of Lavansamudra. Surrounding it from all the sides is ringshaped Kalodadhisamudra. Its width is twice that of Dhatkikhand. Surrounding it from all the sides is ringshaped Pushkarvardweep. Its width is twice that of Kalodadhisamudra. Surrounding it from all the sides is ringshaped Pushkarvarsamudra. Its width is twice that of Pushkarvardweep.
Similarly, there are countless dweeps (islands) and samudras (oceans).
The last island is Swayambhuramandweep. Surrounding it is the last ocean
-
Swayambhuramansamudra.
MANUSHYALOK:- In the midst of Pushkarvardweep there is a ringshaped mountain called Manushottar parvat. The area within it is called Manushyalok. Thus, there are two and a half islands (Jambudweep, Dhatkikhand, Half Pushkarvardweep) and two oceans (Lavansamudra, Kalodadhisamudra) in Manushyalok.

Page #24

JEEV-VICHAR
THE EXTENSION_OF MANUSHYALOK Jambudweep 1 lakh yojans Combining both
the sides Lavansamudra 4 lakh yojans Combining both
the sides Dhatkikhand 8 lakh yojans Combining both
the sides Kalodadhisamudra 16 lakh yojans Combining both
the sides Pushkarvardweep 16 lakh yojans Combining both (Half)
the sides Total
45 lakh Yojans Combining both
the sides
Humanbeings dwell only in Manushyalok. They can go out of it with the help of labdhi (an extraordinary power) or with the help of celestial beings, but their births and deaths never occur there.
JAMBUDWEEP Jambudweep is divided into six mountains and seven kshetras (landscapes). They are respectively as follows from south to north. LANDSCAPES –
MOUNTAINS - 1) Bharat kshetra
1) Laghuhimvant parvat 2) Himvant kshetra
2) Mahahimvant parvat 3) Harivarsh kshetra 3) Nishadh parvat 4) Mahavideh kshetra 4) Neelvant parvat 5) Ramyak kshetra
5) Rukmi parvat 6) Hiranyavant kshetra 6) Shikhari parvat 7) Ayravat kshetra

Page #25

JEEV-VICHAR
The landscapes and mountains in Dhatkikhand are double in number to those in Jambudweep. The number of landscapes and mountains in half Pushkarvardweep is similar to that in Dhatkikhand.
KARMABHUMI - The landscapes where the activities of asi (use of weapons), masi (business) and krishi (agriculture) are in practise are called Karmabhumis or the landscapes from where the livingbeings can attain emancipation are called Karmabhumis. In Jambudweep there are three Karmabhumis, viz - 1) Bharatkshetra,
2) Mahavidehkshetra,
3) Ayravatkshetra.
15
AKARMABHUMI - The landscapes where the yugliks dwel are called Akarmabhumis. In these kshetras a couple of male and female is born together. After childhood, they become husband and wife. When their life is not more than six months, they give birth to another couple. Their death is due to sneezing, yawning etc. without any pain. After death they become guests of heaven. They don't have to perform jobs, business etc. Owing to their good fortune, there are kalpavrikshas (trees which fulfil desires) in those landscapes. The yugliks receive all the necessary things such as food, clothes, utensils, ornaments, musical instruments, gems etc. from them, without any efforts. There are such six Akarmabhumis in Jambudweep.
-
1) Himvant kshetra 3) Devkuru
5) Ramyak kshetra
2) Harivarsh kshetra 4) Uttarkuru
6) Hiranyavant kshetra.
In the centre of Mahavideh kshetra, there is Meruparvat. (the tallest mountain). Uttarkuru is in the north of

Page #26

16
JEEV-VICHAR
Meruparvat and Devkuru is in the south of Meruparvat.
Totally there are three Karmabhumis and six Akarmabhumis in Jambudweep. In Dhatkikhand, there are six Karmabhumis and twelve Akarmabhumis. Similarly, there are six Karmabhumis and twelve Akarmabhumis in Pushkarvardweep.
So, there are totally fifteen Karmabhumis and thirty Akarmabhumis in the two and a half islands.
NAMES_OF FIFTEEN KARMABHUMIS
5
5
Bharatkshetras (1. in Jambudweep +
2 in Dhatkikhand +
2 in Pushkarvardweep) Ayravatkshetras (1 in Jambudweep +
2 in Dhatkikhand +
2 in Pushkarvardweep) Mahavidehkshetras (1 in Jambudweep +
2 in Dhatkikhand + 2 in Pushkarvardweep)
5
NAMES_OF THIRTY AKARMABHUMIS
Devkurus
(1 in Jambudweep + 2 in Dhatkikhand + 2 in Pushkarvardweep) (1 in Jambudweep + 2 in Dhatkikhand + 2 in Pushkarvardweep)
5
Uttarkurus

Page #27

JEEV-VICHAR
17
5
5
Harivarshkshetras (1 in Jambudweep +
2 in Dhatkikhand +
2 in Pushkarvardweep) Ramyakkshetras (1 in Jambudweep +
2 in Dhatkikhand +
2 in Pushkarvardweep) Himvantkshetras (1 in Jambudweep +
2 in Dhatkikhand +
2 in Pushkarvardweep) Hiranyavantkshetras (1 in Jambudweep +
2 in Dhatkikhand + 2. in Pushkarvardweep)
5
5
56 ANTARDWEEPS - From the eastern and the western ends of Laghuhimvantparvat and Shikhriparvat two-two pieces of lands in the shape of molartooth have projected in Lavansamudra. Totally there are eight such pieces. There are seven-seven islands on each of them. Thus, there are 56 islands overall. They are called Antardweeps.
DIVISIONS_OF MANUSHYA
15 Manushyas of Karmabhumis 30 Manushyas of Akarmabhumis 56 Manushyas of Antardweeps.
101 Total types Each of these 101 types are further divided into two subdivisions namely garbhaj and sammurchhim. Thus the total comes to 202. Again each of the 'garbhaj manushyas are further divided into two subdivisions - paryapta and aparyapta. The sammurchhim manushyas don't have any subdivisions because they are aparyapta only. Thus, the total of divisions of manushyas is 303.

Page #28

18
JEEV-VICHAR
101 Garbhaj Paryapta Manushya 101 Gharbhaj Aparyapta Manushya 101 Sammurchhim Aparyapta Manushya. 303 types.
Totally
Q. :- Where are the Sammurchhim Manushyas produced and what are their features ?
Ans. :- Sammurchhim Manushyas are produced in urine, excreta, phlegm, dirt of nose, vomit, pus, blood, bile, semen, cough, mucus of nose , spittle, sweat, dirty places such as ditches of cities etc. When the abovementioned things get separated from a humanbody, an antarmuhurat (within 48 mins.) later countless sammurchhim manushyas are produced in them. Their life span is of an antarmuhurat. Their height is of angul (width of a finger), countless. They die before completing the paryaptis proper for them. KILLING OF SAMMURCHHIM MANUSHYAS
AND THEIR PROTECTION Leaving food after eating, removing urine and excreta in gutters, spitting spittle and phlegm anywhere in the way, putting a glass after drinking water again in the pot without drying it, countless sammurchhim manushyas are produced in those things after antarmuhurat. After their production the cycle of their births and deaths continues. So, everyone must be very careful to protect them.
After eating one should clean the vessels with water, drink that water, dry the vessels with a piece of cloth, wash the piece of cloth with water in a vessel and pour the water on ground separately. One should go to toilet in open ground out of the village or city. One should remove urine in a spacious area so that it dries within fortyeight mins.

Page #29

19
JEEV-VICHAR One should mix the spittle, phlegm etc. in sand. One should take water from a pot by a dry glass and after drinking water he should dry it. One should dry the clothes wet by perspiration. By practising such deeds one can save the sammurchhim manushyas ,and thus save his own soul from their killing.
TIRCHHALOK
Jambu
Dweep
ans
hudra
Dhakt
Kalodas
Ski Khang
dachi Sang
Pushka
amudra
Pushka
Shkar Dweer shkar Samude
Weep
nudra
Swayan Swayam
yambhuraman D ayambhuraman Sar
nan Dweep nan Samudra

Page #30

20
JEEV-VICHAR
-
MANUSHYALOK
Meru
ambu Dweep
Lavan Samudra
Dhakti Khand Kalodadhi Samudra Half Pushkar Dweep Kapashottar Mountai

Page #31

JEEV-VICHAR
21
JAMBUDWEEP
South Ayravat kshetra Deergh Vaitadhya Parvat
North Ayravat kshetra
Shikhri Parvat
Hiranyavant kshetra
Vrittvaitadhya
s Rukmi Parvat Ramyak kshetra
Vrittvaitadhya
Neelvant Parvat
Uttarkuru
Mahavideh
kshetra
(Naru)
Devkuru Nishadh Parvat
Harivarsh kshetra
Ο
ν
Vrittvaitadhya
Maha Himvant Parvat
Himvant kshetra
Vrittvaitadhya
Laghu Himvant Parvat North Bharat kshetra Deergħ vaitadhya Parvat?
South Bharat kshetra

Page #32

22
JEEV-VICHAR
56 ANTARDWEEPS
Antardweeps
Antardweeps
Lavan Samudra
Oooo
Ayravatkshetra
2
00000
00000
Shikhri Parvat
DOO
Jambu
Meru
dweep
OOOOO
mu Laghu Himvant Parvat
AAS
0000
Bharatkshetra
000
Antardweeps
sdəəmpjeluy

Page #33

JEEV-VICHAR
23
DEV (DEITIES) They can be divided into four principle divisions 1) 25 Bhavanpati, 2) 26 Vyantar, 3) 10 Jyotish, 4) 38 Vaimanik. 1) Bhavanpati 15 Parmadhami
10 Asurkumar etc.
25 Total 2) Vyantar
8 Vyantar 8 Vanvyantar 10 Tiryagjrumbhak
26 Total 3) Jyotish
5 Char 5 Achar
10 Total 4) Vaimanik 24 Kalpopanna
14 Kalpatit
38 Total PARMADHAMI - They are the celestial beings who impose torture on the infernal beings of hell. They harass the infernal beings only due to curiosity and doing so, they become happy. They belong to the category of Asurnikaay, but due to the prominence of the work done by them, they are counted separately.
BHAVANPATI - The thickness of the earth on which we are dwelling is 1,80, 000 yojans. From these, removing 1000 yojans up and 1000 yojans below, 10 types of Bhavanpati deities such as Asurkumar etc reside in the middle 1,78, 000 yojans. They are extremely happy there.
VYANTAR - Among the first 1000 yojans of the earth Ratnaprabha, removing 100 yojans above and 100 yojans

Page #34

24
JEEV-VICHAR below, there are marvellous and fascinating cities of vyantar deities in the middle 800 yojans.
VANVYANTAR - This is a subdivision of Vyantar. Among the first 100 yojans of the earth Ratnaprabha, removing 10 yojans above and 10 yojans below, there are dwelling places of vanvyantar deities in the middle 80 yojans.
TIRYAGJRUMBHAK - They also belong to the Vyantar speices. They shower wealth, grains, diamonds, gold, gems etc. in the houses of Lord Tirthankars during their birth etc.
JYOTISH - Jyotish vimans (dwelling places of celestialbeings) are located within a span of 110 yojans from 790 yojans to 900 yojans above the surface of earth. They are of five types 1) the moon , 2) the sun, 3) the planet, 4) the constellation, 5) the star. The moon etc. which we visualize are vimans. Celestialbeings reside in them and live a delightful life.
CHAR - The Jyotish vimans of the moon etc. which are inside the two and a half dweeps and are revolving around the Meruparvat are called Char.
ACHAR - The Jyotish vimans of the moon etc. which are outside the two and a half dweeps and are standstill are called Achar.
LOCATIONS OF THE MOON ETC.
The existence of stars is at 790 yojans above the earthsurface. • After them, 10 yojans above, the suns are dwelling. • After them, 80 yojans above, the moons are dwelling. • After them, 4 yojans above, the constellations are dwelling. • After them, 16 yojans above, the planets are dwelling.

Page #35

JEEV-VICHAR
25
VAIMANIK - Countless yojans above the jyotishvimans where a raj (a measure to measure space) is completed from the earth surface, the vimans of Vaimanik deities start.
KALPOPANNA - The heavens of vaimaniks where there is an arrangement of Indra, Samanik, (deities equal to Indra), commander-in-chief, army, assembly etc. are called Kalpopanna heavens. They are of 24 types : 12 Devloks
9 Lokantiks
3 Kilbishiyas Total 24 types
12 DEVLOKS (HEAVENS) 1) Saudharma, 5) Brahmalok, 9) Anat, 2) Ishaan, 6) Lantak, 10) Pranat, 3) Sanatkumar, 7) Mahashukra, 11) Aran, 4) Mahendra, 8) Sahasrar, 12) Achyut.
9 LOKANTIKS :- They dwell in the fifth heaven. From there they would attain humanlife and then attain liberation. So, lok = sansar, ant = end, they are at the end of sansar and are thus called Lokantik. When the Lord tirthankars accept ascetism, Lokantik deities come, a year before, to request them to accept ascetism. The Lords themselves are aware of their time to renounce the world.But it's a custom of the lokantik dieties, so, they have to fulfil it.
KILBISHIYAS :- Deities who are mean like scavengers are called Kilbishiyas. They dwell beneath the first, second, third, fourth and sixth heavens.

Page #36

26
JEEV-VICHAR
KALPATIT
9
Grayveyak
Anuttar
Total 14 types
Above the 12 heavens, there are 9 vimans of 9 grayveyaks. Above them, there are five vimans of anuttar in a single plane - one in the middle and four in the four directions.
TOTAL DIVISIONS OF DEITIES Bhavanpati 25 Vyantar
99 Paryapta Jyotish
99 Aparyapta Vaimanik
198 Types
26
10
38
Total
TOTAL DIVISIONS_OF SANSARI LIVINGBEINGS. Sthavar (Ekendriya) Vikalendriya Narak Panch. Triyanch Manushya
303 Dev (Deities) Total
563 Types
198
NOW WE SHALL DISCUSS ABOUT FIVE
FEATURES OF LIVINGBEINGS
1) Bodyheight or bodylength 2) Lifespan, 3) Kaaysthiti, 4) Pran,
Yoni.

Page #37

JEEV-VICHAR
MINIMUM
MAXIMUM
•
•
·
•
1) BODYHEIGHT / BODYLENGTH
•
The height of all the livingbeings at the first moment of existence is angul
countless
Badar Pratyek Vanaspatikaay - more than 1000 yojans.
Rest Sthavars
Beindriya -
Teindriya
angul
countless
Garbhaj Jalchar
Garbhaj Urahparisarp
Garbhaj Bhujparisarp
27
12 yojans
3 Gaus
1 yojan
Chaurindriya
Aparyapta Sammurchhim Manushya- angul
countless
PANCHENDRIYA TIRYANCH
Garbhaj Chatushpad Garbhaj Khechar
1000 Yojans
1000 Yojans
2 to 9 Gaus
6 Gaus
2 to 9 Dhanushyas 1000 Yojans
Sammurchhim Jalchar Sammurchhim Urahparisarp 2 to 9 Yojans Sammurchhim Bhujparisarp 2 to 9 Dhanushyas Sammurchhim Chatushpad 2 to 9 Gaus
Sammurchhim Khechar
2 to 9 Dhanushyas
Fishes with maximum length are seen in Swayambhuraman ocean.
Snakes, lizards etc. with maximum lengths are seen outside the two and a half dweeps.
Elephants with maximum heights are seen in Devkuru and Uttarkuru.

Page #38

28
JEEV-VICHAR
NAARKI Dhanushyas Hands
Hell
Anguls
7
15
31
First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Seventh
62 125 250 500
MANUSHYA
Avsarpini First era Second era Third era Fourth era Fifth era Sixth era
Utsarpini Sixth era Fifth era Fourth era Third era Second era First era
Body height
3 Gaus 2 Gaus
1 Gau 500 Dhanushyas
7 Hands 2 Hands
DIETIES
Bhavanpati Vyantar Jyotish First - Second Heaven Third - Fourth Heaven Fifth - Sixth Heaven Seventh - Eighth Heaven Ninth to Twelveth Heaven Nine Grayveyaks Five Anuttars
7 Hands 7 Hands 7 Hands 7 Hands 6 Hands 5 Hands 4 Hands 3 Hands 2 Hands 1 Hand

Page #39

JEEV-VICHAR
UTTAR
VAIKRIYA BODY:- A body, different from the original body, developed by deities, infernal beings, labdhi-possessing human beings and animate beings occasionaly is called Uttar-vaikriya body.
·
1) Naarki
2) Tiryanch
3) Manushya 4) Deities
double the original body
- 200 to 900 yojans.
1 lakh yojans + 4 anguls 1 lakh yojans
-
-
TABLE OF MEASURES
1 angul (finger)
8 barleys
12 anguls
2 spans
4 hands
2000 dhanushyas
4 gaus
=
= 1 span
= 1 hand
=
=
1 dhanushya (bow)
1 gau (Nearly 11⁄2 miles)
= 1 yojan
2) LIFESPAN
The time limit for which a livingbeing dwels in a body is called lifespan.
29
MINIMUM
Deities, Naarkis 10,000 years. Rest Antarmuhurat MAXIMUM
Sukshma living beings Sadharan Vanaspatikaay Sammurchhim Manushya
Aparyapta
Paryapta Badar Prithvikaay
Paryapta Badar Apkaay
Paryapta Badar Teukaay
-
antarmuhurat
- antarmuhurat
- antarmuhurat
- antarmuhurat
- 22,000 years
- 7,000 years
- 3 daynights
- 3,000 years
Paryapta Badar Vaukaay
Paryapta Badar Pratyek Vanaspatikaay - 10,000 years

Page #40

30
JEEV-VICHAR
Beindriya --- - 12 years Teindriya - 49 days Chaurindriya · 6 months
PANCHENDRIYA TIRYANCH Garbhaj Jalchar
1 crore purva Garbhaj Urahparisarp 1 crore purva Garbhaj Bhujparisarp 1 crore purva Garbhaj Chatushpad 3 palyopam* Garbhaj Khechar
palyopam, countless Sammurchhim Jalchar 1 crore purva Sammurchhim Urahparisarp 53,000 years Sammurchhim Bhujparisarp 42,000 years Sammurchhim Chatushpad 84,000 years Sammurchhim Khechar 72,000 years
MANUSHYA Avsarpini
lifespan First era
3 palyopams Second era 2 palyopams Third era
1 palyopam Fourth era
1 crore purva Fifth era
130 years Sixth era
20 years • In Utsarpini, exactly opposite should be known. • In Devkuru and Uttarkuru there is always first era. • In Harivarsh kshetra and Ramyak kshetra there is
always second era. • In Himvant kshetra and Hiranyavant kshetra there is
always third era. • In Mahavidehkshetra there is always fourth era. 1 purva = 7,05,60,00,00,00,000 years. H 1 palyopam = countless years.

Page #41

JEEV-VICHAR
31
NAARKI
Hells
Minimum
First Second
Third
Maximum 1 sagropam 3 sagropams 7 sagropams 10 sagropams 17 sapropams 22 sagropams 33 sagropams
10,000 years 1 sagropam 3 sapropams 7 sapropams 10 sagropams 17 sagropams 22 sagropams
Fourth Fifth Sixth Seventh
Types Bhavanpati Vyantar Jyotish Vaimanik
DEITIES Minimum
Maximum 10,000 years More than a sagropam 10,000 years 1 palyopam 1/8 palyopam 1 palyopam + 1 lakh yrs 1 palyopam 33 sagropam
PALYOPAM :- Dig a circular well, a yojan deep and a yojan in diameter. Make countless pieces of the hairs of the yugliks. Fill the well closely with the hair - pieces. Take out a single piece after every hundred years. The total time taken to empty the well in this way is called one Palyopam. 10 x crore x crore palyopams = 1 Sagropam 10 x crore x crore sagropams = 1 Utsarpini 10 x crore x crore sagropams = 1 Avsarpini 20 x crore x crore sagropams = 1 Kaalchakra
Infinite Kaalchakras = 1 Pudgal Paravart

Page #42

32
JEEV-VICHAR
3) KAAYSTHITI The time-limit for which a livingbeing takes birth in the same type, after death, incessantly is called Kaaysthiti.
Countless Kaalchakras
Prithvikaay to Pratyek
Vanaspatikaay
Sadharan Vanaspatikaay
Vikalendriya
Infinite Kaalchakras
Countable years | 7-8 lives
Manushya, Panchendriya
Tiryanch
Deities - Naarkis
1 life
i.e. deities and naarkis never take birth as deities or naarkis in the very next life.
4) PRAN (VITALITY) • EKENDRIYA (4 Prans) :- 1) Skin, 2) Physical power,
3) Respiration, 4) Life • BEINDRIYA (6 Prans) :- 1) Skin, 2) Tongue, 3) Physical
power, 4) Vocal power, 5) Respiration, 6) Life. • TEINDRIYA (7 Prans) :- Abovementioned 6 + Nose • CHAURINDRIYA (8 Prans):- Abovementioned 7 + Eyes • ASANGNI PANCHENDRIYA (9 Prans) :(Panchendriyas without mental power)
Abovementioned 8 + Ears • SANGNI PANCHENDRIYA (10 Prans) - (Panchendriyas with mental power)
Abovementioned 9 + Mental power.

Page #43

JEEV-VICHAR
•
•
•
·
PARYAPTI
EKENDRIYA (4) - 1) Ahaar, 2) Shareer, 3) Indriya, 4) Shvashochhvas.
VIKALENDRIYA
ASANGNI PANCHENDRIYA
SANGNI PANCHENDRIYA (6) - Abovementioned 5 + Manah.
5) YONI
The places where the livingbeings are produced are called Yonis.
There are countless places for the production of livingbeings. But many places with similar colour, smell, taste and touch have been included in a single yoni. So, the yonis are 84 lakhs.
Prithivikaay
Apkaay
Teukaay
Vaukaay
Pratyek Vanaspatikaay
Sadharan Vanaspatikaay
Beindriya
Teindirya
Chaurindriya
7 lakhs
7 lakhs
7 lakhs
7 lakhs
10 lakhs
14 lakhs
2 lakhs
2 lakhs
2 lakhs
4 lakhs
4 lakhs
4 lakhs
14 lakhs
84 lakhs
Elements of Jeev-vichar are completed.
33
Deities
Naarkis
(5) Abovementioned 4
+ Bhasha
Panchendriya Tiryanch
Manushya
Total
✰✰✰

Page #44

34
JEEV-VICHAR
LITERAL MEANINGS OF THE GATHAS OF JEEV-VICHAR
ભુવણ-પઈવ વીર નમિણ ભણામિ અબુહ-બોહલ્યું !
જીવ-સરવે કિંચિ વિ, જહ ભણિયું પુત્વ-સૂરીહિં III 1) Lord Mahaveer is like a lamp in the universe. After
bowing to him, I tell the nature of livingbeings in short, as narrated by the late acharyas, for the knowledge of ignorant livingbeings. જીવા મુત્તા સંસારિણો ય, તસ થાવરા ચ સંસારી I પુઢવિ જલ જલણ વા, વણસઈ થાવરા નેચા શા 2) There are livingbeings of two types - Mukta and
Sansari. ફલિહમણિરયણ વિદ્યુમ, હિંગુલ હરિચાલ મણસિલ રસિંદા!
કણગાઈ ધાઉ સેટી, વન્નિય અરણેઢય પલેવા IQI 3) Sansari livingbeings are again of two types - Tras
and Sthavar. Prithvikaay(Earth), Apkaay(water), Teukaay(fire), Vaukaay(wind), and Vanaspatikaay (vegetation) are Sthavars. અભય તૂરી ઊસ, મી-પાહાણ-જાઈઓ મેગા
સોવીરંજણ લૂણાઈ, પુઢવિ-ભેઆઈ ઈચ્ચાઈ Ilઝા 4) Quartz, gems, ruby, cinnabar, hadtal, mansheel,
mercury, metals such as gold, chalk, redclay, arneto, parevo, mica, tejanturi, soda, clay, different types of stones, antimony, salt etc. are different kinds of
Prithvikaay. ભોયંતરિષ્ણ-સુદર્ગ, ઓસા હિમ કરગ હરિતણૂ મહિઆ !
હૃતિ ઘણોદહિમાઈ, ભેંચાણેગા ય આઉમ્સ આપા 5) Water from earth, rainwater, dew, ice, hail, water

Page #45

JEEV-VICHAR
35
oozing out on plants, fog, ghonodadhi etc. are dif
ferent kinds of Apkaay. ઈંગાલ જાલ મુમુર, ઉક્કાસણિ કણગવિજુભાઈઆ I
અગણિ-જિયા ભેચા, નાચવ્યા નિઉણ-બુદ્ધીએ શા 6) Burning coal, flame, spark, the line of light caused
by a falling star, lightening etc. are different kinds
of Teukaay to be known with sharp intelligence. ઉભામગ ઉજ્જલિયા, મંડલિ મહ સુદ્ધ ગુંજવાચા ચા
ઘણ-તણુ-વાયાઈઆ, ભચા ખલુ વાઉકાયસ Iloil 7) Wind blowing at heights, wind blowing on land,
whirlwind, bigwind, ghanvat, tanvat etc. are different kinds of Vaukaay.
સાહારણ પત્તેઆ, વણસઈજીવા દુહા સુએ ભણિયા |
જેસિમહંતાણં તણૂ એગા સાહારણા તે ઉ 8) Vanaspati livingbeings are predicated of two types
in scriptures namely - Sadharan and Pratyek. A single body of infinite livingbeings is called
Sadharan. They are as followsકંદા અંકુર કિસલય, પણગા સેવાલ ભૂમિફોડા ચT અલ્લચતિય ગજ્જર મો– વત્થલા થેગ પલંકા llલા
કોમલ ફલં ચ સવ્વ, ગૂઢસિરાઈ સિપાઈ-પત્તાઈ ! થોહરિ કુંઆરિ ગુગ્ગલિ, ગલોય પમુહાઈ છિન્નરુહા ||૧ના 9-10) Onion, sprout, tendershoot of plants, moss, fun
gus, bhumisfot, green ginger, wet turmeric, kachuro, carrot, moth, vathula, theg, pallank, all types of tender fruits, leaves of jute with hidden fibres, thor, kunvaar, guggal, galo etc.

Page #46

36.
JEEV-VICHAR ઈચ્ચાઈણો અણગે, હવંતિ ભેયા અસંતકાયાણં ! તેસિં પરિજાણહત્ય, લખણ-મેયં સુએ ભણિ II૧૧ાા 11) There are many such types of anantkaays. Fea
tures described in scriptures to identify them are
as follows - ગૂઢસિર-સંધિ-પબું, સમભંગ-મહીગં ચ છિન્નરુહં
સાહારણે સરીર, તબિવરી ચ પત્તેય I૧ાા 12) Joints, portion between two joints, fibres are hidden.
They can be divided evenly. After cutting if sown they grow again. Such is the body of Sadharan Vanaspatikaay. Contradictory is that of Pratyek Vanaspatikaay. એગ સરીરે એગો, જીવો જેસિ તુ તે ચ પયા.. ફલ ફૂલ છલિ કટ્ટા, મૂલગ પત્તાણિ બીયાણિ ll૧૩|| 13) Those who have a single livingbeing in a single
body are called Pratyek Vanaspatikaay. e.g. fruits, flowers, skin, stem, roots, leaves, seeds etc. પdયત મુd, પંચ વિ પુટવાઈણો સચલ લોએ સુહુમા હવંતિ નિચમા, અંતમુહુરાઉ અદ્દિરસા II૧૪ના 14) Except Pratyek Vanaspatikaay the rest Sukshma
livingbeings such as Prithvi etc. are widespread in the entire universe. Their lifespan is of antarmuhurat.
They are invisible. સંખ કવચ ગંડુલ, જલોય ચંદણગ અલસ લહગાઈ !
મેહરિ કિમિ પૂઅરગા, બેઇંદિય માર્યવાહાઈ II૧પ 15) Conch, seashells, gandul, jalo, aksh, earthworm,
laliya etc., mehri, bellyworms, pora, chudel etc.,are Beindriya livingbeings.

Page #47

37
JEEV-VICHAR
ગોમી મંકણ જૂઆ, પિપીલિ ઉદેહિયા ય મક્કોડા ! ઈલિયા ઘસમિલ્લીઓ, સાવય ગોકીડ જાઈઓ I૧ાા ગદ્દહ, ચોરકીડા, ગોમયકીડા ય ધન્નકીડા ચT.
કુંથુ ગોવાલિય ઇલિયા ઇંદિય ઇંદગોવાઈ II૧ળા 16-17) Centipede, bug, louse, ant, termite, blackant, ial,
ghimel, sava, gingoda, gaddhaiya, excretaworms, dungworms, grainworms, kanthva, gopalika, snail
etc.,are Teindriya livingbeings. ચઉરિદિયા ય વિષ્ણુ, ટિંકુણ ભમરા ય ભમરિયા તિજ્ઞા !
મશ્કિય હંસા મસગા, કંસારી કવિલ ડોલાઈ ll૧૮II 18) Scorpion, mosquito, wasp, bee, locust, fly, dans,
cricket, spider, grasshopper etc..are Chaurindriya
livingbeings. પંચિંદિયા ચ ચઉહા, નારય તિરિયા મણસ દેવા ય T
નેરઇચા સત્તવિહા, નાચવ્યા પુટવિ-ભેએણે II૧લા 19) Panchendriya livingbeings are of four types - naarki
(infernal beings), tiryanch (antimate beings), manushya (human beings), dev (deities). Due to seven
types of earths, naarkis are also of seven types. જલયર થલયર ખયરા, તિવિહા પંચિંદિયા તિરિખા ચT સુસુમાર મચ્છ કચ્છવ, ગાહા મગરા ચ જલચારી T૨૦માં 20) Panchendriya tiryanch are of 3 types - Jalchar
(aquatic), Sthalchar(living on land), and Khechar (birds). Susumaar, fish, tortoise, alligator, crocodile
etc. are jalchars. ચઉપય ઉરપરિસપ્પા, ભયપરિસખા ય થલચરા તિવિહાT
ગો-સખનઉલ-પમુહા, બોધવ્યા તે સમાણ ૨૧ 21) Sthalchars are of 3 types - Chatushpad (with four

Page #48

38
JEEV-VICHAR
limbs), Urahparisarp(crawling) and Bhujparisarp (walking with forelimbs). They are cow, snake, mongoose etc. respectively. ખચરા રોમપખી, ચમ્મચપષ્મી ચ પાયડા જેવી નરલોગાઓ બાહિં, સમુચ્ચપખી વિચચપખી રાા 22) Birds with feather-wings and leather-wings are
wellknown. Birds with closed wings and extended
wings are seen out of manushyalok. સવ્વ જલ-થલ-ખયરા, સમુચ્છિમા ગભયા દુહા હુંતિ !
કમ્મા-કમ્મગભૂમિ-અંતરદીવા મણસા ચ Il૨all 23) Each of Jalchars, Sthalchars and Khechars are of
two types - Sammurchhim (naturally produced) and Garbhaj(produced from mother's womb). Manushyas are of three types- dwelling in Karmabhumis, dwelling in Akarmabhumis and dwelling in Antarpweeps. દસહા ભવસાહિવઈ, અટ્ટવિહા વાણમંતરા હૃતિ |
જોઈસિયા પંચવિહા, દુવિહા વેમાણિયા દેવા ૨૪ 24) Bhavanpatis are of 10 types, Vyantars are of eight
types, Jyotish are of five types and Vaimaniks are
of two types. સિદ્ધા પનરસ-ભેચા, તિન્ચા-તિ–ાઈ સિદ્ધ-ભેએણે I
એએ સંખેવેણં, જીવ-વિગપ્પા સમફખાયા IIરપી 25) The siddhas (liberated souls) are of fifteen types
such as Tirthsiddh, Atirthsiddh etc. Thus, types of livingbeings have been described.
એએસિં જીવાણું, સરીર-માઊ કિંઈ સકાયંમિ ! પાણા-જોણિ-પમાણે, જેસિં જે અસ્થિ તે ભણિમો પરા 26) Now, I shall describe the bodies (body heights),

Page #49

JEEV-VICHAR
39
lifespans, kaaysthitis, prans and yonipraman of these (above mentioned) livingbeings. અંગુલ-અસંખ-ભાગો, સરીર-મેચિંદિયાણ સન્વેસિT
જયણ-સહસ્સ-મહિય, નવરં પચ-ખાણ ૨૦II 27) The bodylength of all the ekendriya livingbeings is
angul , countless. But the body-length of pratyek
vanaspatikaay is more than a thousand yojans. બારસ જોયણ તિન્નેવ, ગાઉઆ જોરણં ચ અણુક્કમસો !
બેઇંદિય તે ઈંદિય, ચઉરિદિય દેહ-મુચ્ચત્ત li૨૮મા 28) The bodylengths of beindriya, teindriya and
chaurindriya are twelve yojans, three gaus and one yojan respectively. ધણસરપંચ-પમાણા, નેરઈયા સત્તમાઈ પુટવીએ !
તત્તો અદ્ધહૂણા, નેયા રચણuહા જાવ રિલા 29) The bodyheight of the naarkis of the seventh hell
is five hundred dhanushyas (bows). The bodyheights of the naarkis in the previous hells till Ratnaprabha
are half-half. જોયણ સહરસમાણા, મચ્છા ઉરગા ય ગoભયા ફંતિ !
ધણુહ-પુહર્ત પકખીસુ, ભયચારી ગાઉઅ-પુd Iઉoll 30) The bodylength of fishes (jalchars) and garbhaj
urahparisarp is thousand yojans. The bodylength of birds (khechars) is dhanushya prithaktva (a number between 2 and 9) and that of bhujparisarp is 2 to
9 gaus. ખયરા ધણુહપુહd, ભુચના ઉરગા ય જોયણપુહd I ગાઉઆ પુહત્ત મિત્તા, સમુચ્છિમા ચણ્ડિયા ભણિયા ll૩૧ના 31) The body lengths of sammurchhim khechars and

Page #50

10
JEEV-VICHAR
sam.bhujparisarps is 2-to 9 dhanushyas, of sam.urahparisarps is 2 to 9 yojans and of sam.chatushpads is 2 to 9 gaus. છચ્ચેવ ગાઉઆઇ, ચઉધ્ધયા ગભયા મુખેચવા !
કોસતિગં ચ મસા, ઉક્કોસસરીર-માણેણં li૩રા 32) The bodylengths of garbhaj chatushpads is six
gaus and of humanbeings is three gaus. - ઈસાણંતસુરાણ, સ્પણીઓ સત્ત હંતિ ઉચ્ચત્ત I દુગ દુગ જુગ ચઉ ગેવિડયુત્તરે ઇકિક-પરિહાણી ૩૩ 33) The bodylength of deities till the second heaven is
seven hands. After that one-one hand should be decreased in the next two, two, two, four heavens,
grayveyaks and anuttars respectively. બાવીસા પુઢવીએ, સત્ત ચ આઉસ તિ િવાઉક્સ | વાસ સહસા દસ તરુ-ગણાણ તે તિરરાઊ li૩૪ના 34) The lifespan of prithvikaay is 22,000 yrs., of apkaay
is 7,000 yrs.,of vaukaay is 3,000 yrs., of pratyek vanaspatikaay is 10,000 yrs. and of teukaay is three daynights. વાસાણિ બારસાઊ, બેઇંદિયાણં તે ઇંદિયાણં તુ .
અઉણાપન્ન દિશાઇ, ચઉરિદીર્ણ તુ છમાસા રૂપા 35) The lifespan of beindriya is twelve yrs., of teindriya
is 49 days and of chaurindriya is six months.
સુર-નેરશ્વાણ દિઈ, ઉકોસા સાગરાણિ તિસિં ચઉપચ તિરિયમથુરસા, સિન્નિ પલિઓવમા હુંતિ IIબ્રા 36) The maximum lifespan of deities and naarkis is 33
sagropams (countless yrs.), of chatushpads and manushyas is 3 palyopams (countless yrs.)

Page #51

JEEV-VICHAR
જલચર-ઉર ભુચગાણ, પરમાઊ હોઈ પુવ કોડીઓ ! પીણું પુણ ભણિઓ, અસંખભાગો ય પલિયરસ II3II 37) The maximum life span of jalchars, urahparisarps
and bhujparisarps is one crore purva, of birds is palyopam , countless. સર્વે સુહમા સાહારણા ય સમુચ્છિમા મસુરસા ચ |
ઉક્કોસ જહન્નણં, અંતમુહુર્ત ચિય જિયંતિ ll૩૮ 38) The maximum and minimum lifespans of sukshmas,
sadharan vanaspatikaays, sam.manushyas is antarmuhurat (within 48 mins.)
ઓગાહણા-માણે, એવું સંખેવઓ સમકખાચું ! જે પણ ઇત્ય વિસેના, વિસેરા-સુત્તાઉ તે નેચા ૩લા 39) Thus, body lengths and lifespans are briefly de
scribed. More about them can be known from specific scriptures. એબિંદિયા ચ સવ્વ, અસંખ-સિટિપ્પણી સકાચંમિ ! ઉવવજંતિ ચયંતિ ચ, અસંતકાચા અર્ણતાઓ II૪૦ના 40) All the ekendriyas can take births and deaths in
the same specy for countless utsarpinis. Anantkaays can take births and deaths in the same specy for
infinite utsarpinis. સંખિજ સમા વિગલા, સાફભવા પëિદિતિરિમથુઆ 1
ઉવવતિ સકાએ, નારય દેવા ચ નો ચેવ II૪૧ાા 41) Vikalendriyas can take births and deaths in the
same specy for countable yrs., Panch.triyanchs and manushyas can take births and deaths in the same specy for 7-8 lives. Naarkis and deities never take birth in the same specy in the very next life.

Page #52

42
JEEV-VICHAR દસહા જિયાણ પાણા, ઇંદિય ઊસાસ આઉ બલરવા |
એગિંદિએસુ ચીરો, વિગલેસુ છ સત્ત અફેવ જરા 42) The prans of livingbeings are of 10 types - five
senses, respiration, life and three powers. Ekendriyas have four prans, viklendriyas have six,
seven, eight prans respectively. અસ િસન્નિ પંચિંદિએસ, નવ દસ કમેણ બોધવા |
તેહિં સહ વિધ્ધઓગો, જીવાણું ભન્નએ મરણ II૪૩ 43) Asangni (without mind) panch. and sangni (with
mind) panch. have respectively nine and ten prans. Separation of prans is called death of livingbeings.
એવું અણોરપારે, સંસારે સાયરમિ ભીમંમિ !
પત્તો અસંતખુનો જીવેહિં અપત્ત-ધમૅહિં I૪૪ના 44) All the livingbeings devoid of religion have achieved
infinite deaths in this endless ocean of infinite mundane state. તહ ચઉરાસી લાખા સંખા જોણીણ હોઈ જીવાણું !
પુટવાઈણ ચઉહહં, પત્તયં સત્ત સત્તવ II૪૫ll 45) The yonis of livingbeings are 84 lakhs. Each of
prithvikaay, apkaay, teukaay and vaukaay has seven -seven lakh yonis. દસ પર-તરૂણ, ચઉદસ લખા હવંતિ ઈચરેસ IT વિગલિંદિએસુ દો દો, ચઉરો પંચિંદિતિરિયાણ II૪જ્ઞા 46) Pratyek vanaspatikaays have 10 lakh yonis,
sadharan vanaspatikaays have 14 lakh yonis, each of the viklendriyas have two-two lakh yonis, panch. tiryanchs have four lakh yonis.

Page #53

JEEV-VICHAR
ચઉરો ચઉરો નારય-સુરેસુ મણુઆણ ચઉદસ હવંતિ । સંપિડિયા ય સબ્વે, ચુલસી લક્ખા ઉ જોણીણ II૪l
43
47) Naarkis and Deities have 4-4 lakh yonis, Manushyas have 14 lakh yonis. Over all there are 84 lakh yonis. સિદ્ધાણં ન િદેહો, ન આઉ કર્માં ન પાણ-જોણીઓ । સાઈ અણંતા તેસિં, ઠિઇ જિથિંદાગમે ભણિઆ ॥૪૮તા
48) The siddhas don't have any body, lifespan, karmas, prans and yonis. In Jainagamas, their duration is depicted as saadi anant (having a starting point but no end point.)
કાલે અણાઈ-નિહણે, જોણિ-ગહણંમિ ભીસણે ઇત્ય । ભમિયા ભમિહિતિ ચિત્રં, જીવા જિણ-વયણમલહંતા જિલ્લા
49) Livingbeings who haven't achieved preaching of Jinas have roamed in this dangerous mundane state, dense with yonis, for infinite period in the past and would roam in it for infinite period in the future. તા સંપઈ સંપત્તે, મણુઅત્તે દુલ્લહેવિ સમ્મત્તે । સિરિ-સંતિ-સૂરિ-સિકે, કરેહ ભો ઉજ્જમ ધર્મો ૫૦ના
50) Now we have received humanlife and truefaith. So, we must become diligent in the practise of religion shown by acharya Shantisuri.
એસો જીવવિયારો, સંખેવ-રુઈણ જાણણા-હેઊ 1 સંખિત્તો ઉદ્ધરિઓ, રુદ્દાઓ સુય-સમુદ્દાઓ II૫૧॥
51) This Jeev-vichar (discussion on livingbeings) has been extracted from very deep ocean of scriptures for the knowledge of brief-liking living beings.

Page #54

14
NAV-TATTVA
Nav-TATTVA
(NINE - ELEMENTS)
(A collection of objects) Name Definition
Types Jeev Beings possessing vitality
(Livingbeings) Ajeev Beings devoid of vitality
(Non-livingbeings) Punya Karmas which give good fruits
(Good Karmas) Paap (Sin) Karmas which give bad fruits
(Bad Karmas) Aashrav Inlets for karma to enter (Inlets) the soul Samvar Doors to prevent karma from (Doors) entering the soul Bandh Binding of karma on soul (Binding) Nirjara Outlets for karma to depart (Outlets)
from the soul Moksha
The true nature of a soul (Liberation) | free from all the karmas.
Total types Gney = proper to know :- Jeev, Ajeev Hey = proper to abandon :- Paap, Aashrav, Bandh. Upadey = proper to accept :- Punya, Samvar, Nirjara, Moksha.
276

Page #55

NAV-TATTVA
15
DESCRIPTION OF NINE ELEMENTS
WITH A SIMILE_OF LAKE 1) JEEV :- A lake full of water of virtues such as
knowledge etc. 2) AJEEV :- Dirt assembled in the jeev-lake. 3) PUNYA :- Dirt of good karmas. 4) PAAP :- Dirt of evil karmas. 5) AASHRAV :- Inlets for karma-dirt to enter the
jeev-lake. 6) SAMVAR :- Lids to prevent the karma dirt from entering
the jeev-lake. 7) BANDH :- Assimilation of karma-dirt in jeevlake. 8) NIRJARA :- Machine to destroy karma-dirt. 9) MOKSHA :- Dirtless jeev lake after the destruction of all the karma-dirt.
[1] JEEV Jeev is the base of virtues such as knowledge etc. Jeev is the enjoyer and enduror of joys and griefs. Pure jeev (soul) is compiled of infinite knowledge and faith. Sansari soul is bound by the bonds of karma. So, its virtues such as knowledge, faith etc. are hidden. The entire universe can be divided into jeev and ajeev. Still, punya, paap etc. are also important. So, they are considered as separate elements.
PROOFS_ABOUT THE EXISTENCE OF_JEEV
Atheists don't believe in soul. They deny the existence of jeev. This only proves the existence of jeev, because one can deny only those things which exist in the universe.

Page #56

46
NAV-TATTVA
When one says 'I am not a thief', it proves that there is some thing called thief in this universe. Similarly, when atheists say 'We don't believe in jeev', it itself proves the existence of jeev. Similarly, after someone's death we say, "There is no soul in this body." This also proves the existence of jeev.
Que :- Let the jeev exist in this Universe, but why should we consider it different from matter? Why shouldn't we consider jeev as some form of matter? A bubble arises from water and gets dissolved in it. Similarly, jeev arises from panchbhoot - (earth, water, fire, wind, sky(space)] and gets dissolved in it. What is wrong if we believe so ?
Ans :- The panchbhoots are matter, while the jeev is an independent element, separate from matter, because the features of matter and jeev are different. The features such as - coolness etc. of water and bubble are similar. So, we can consider a bubble as a form of water. Features of jeev are knowledge, joy, misery, peace etc. Features of matter are colour, odour, taste, touch etc. So, we can't consider jeev as a form of matter.
SOME POINTS_PROVING THE EXISTENCE_OF JEEV
1) 2)
3)
Jeev is the base of knowledge, desire, joy, grief etc. A constructor builts a building, similarly the constructor of the body is jeev. The producer of extract, blood, hair, nail, bone etc. from grains is jeev. The body is a factory. The mind is an office. Message is delivered everywhere from there. Musical instrument is there in the throat. Heart is a machine. Stomach

Page #57

NAV-TATTVA
is a barn. Below it there is latrine. Below it there are two pillars. Jeev is the manager of this factory.
5) One doubts about jeev in a deadbody or ahteist also has doubts about jeev. So, existence of jeev is proved, because one can have doubts about a thing only which exists in the universe. No one ever doubts about trrr, because it doesn't exist in the universe. TYPES OF JEEV
In Jeev-vichar 563 types of jeev are described in details. Here we present its 14 types in brief. But in these 14 types the 563 types are included.
No.
Divisions
1)
3)
Sukshma ekendriya paryapta Badar ekendriya paryapta Badar beindriya paryapta Badar teindriya paryapta Badar chaurindriya paryapta
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
Asangni panchendriya paryapta Sangni panchendriya paryapta Sukshma ekendriya aparyapta Badar ekendriya aparyapta 10) Badar beindriya aparyapta
9)
11)
Badar teindriya aparyapta
12)
Badar chaurindriya aparyapta
13) Asangni panchendriya aparyapta 14) Sangni panchendriya aparyapta
Total
47
Subdivisions
5
6
1
1
1
52 5
212+
6
1
1
1
106++
212
563
+. 101 garbhaj manushya + 99 deities + 7 naarkis + 5 panch.tiryanch. ++. 101 sam. manushya + 5 sam.tiryanch.

Page #58

48
•
Akaashastikaay +
skandh desh pradesh skandh desh pradesh
•
•
·
•
[2] AJEEV
Dharmastikaay +
•
Adharmastikaay +
skandh desh pradesh
NAV-TATTVA
Kaal
Pudgalastikaay
skandh desh pradesh parmanu.
DHARMASTIKAAY:- It's a substance widespread in fourteen rajloks. It helps jeev and matter to move. ADHARMASTIKAAY:- It's a substance widespread in fourteen rajloks. It helps jeev and matter to remain stable.
PUDGALASTIKAAY (Matter) :- Substance possessing colour, odour, taste and touch is called pugalastikaay.
• SKANDH:- Whole substance.
DESH - Part of a skandh.
PRADESH:- Smallest unbreakable piece of a skandh. PARMANU (Atom) - A pradesh separated from the skandh of matter.
AKAASHASTIKAAY: It gives space to jeev and matter to dwell.
KAAL (Time) - It makes new things old and the old things new.

Page #59

NAV-TATTVA
49
A pradesh can't be separated from Dharmastikaay etc. So, they don't have the fourth division of parmanu. A pradesh can be separated from Pudgalastikaay. So.it has the fourth division of parmanu.
Sound, darkness, light, shadow, heat etc. are forms of matter.
Asti = pradesh, kaay = collection.
Kaal doesn't have any collection of pradeshs. So, Kaal is not called as kaalastikaay.
Kaal (time) is in the form of present moment. Past has been destructed, future hasn't been produced. So, kaal is in the form of present moment.
TIME - TABLE
Countless moments = 1 Aavlika
256 aavlikas = 1 Kshullak bhav (smallest life) 65,536 kshullakbhavs = 1 Muhurat (48 mins) 1,67,77,216 aavlikaas = 1 Muhurat (48 mins)
30 muhurats = 1 Daynight 15 daynights = 1 Fortnight 2 fortnights = 1 Month
2 months = 1 Season 3 seasons = 1 Ayan (six months)
2 ayans = 1 Year
5 years = 1 Yug 84 lakh years = 1 Purvaang 84 lakh purvaangs = 1 Purva

Page #60

50
Nav-TATIVA
Countless years = 1 Palyopam. 10 x crore x crore palyopams = 1 Sagropam. 10 x crore x crore sagropams = 1 Utsarpini. 10 x crore x crore sapropams = 1 Avsarpini. 20 X crore x crore sagropams = 1 Kaalchakra.
Infinite Kaalchakras = 1 Pudgal paravart.
A TWELVE- FOLD DISCUSSION ON
Six SUBSTANCES. 6 substances = 5 Ajeevs (Dharmastikaay etc.) + Jeev 1) TRANSFORMITY :- Going from one condition into
another is called transformity. Jeev and matter are transformable. Rest are untransformable. JEEV (Living) :- Jeev is jeev, rest are ajeev. ROOPI (Having shape) :- Substances with colour, odour, taste and touch are called roopi. Matter is roopi, rest are aroopi (shapeless).
SAPRADESHI (With pradesh) :- Kaal is without pradesh, rest are with pradesh. UNIQUE :- Dharmaastikaay, Adharmastikaay, Akaashastikaay are unique, rest are countless. KSHETRA (Refuge) KSHETRI (Refugee) :- Akaashastikaay is refuge, rest are refugee. ACTIVE :- Jeev and matter are active, rest are stable.
7)
8)
NITYA (Unalertation) :- Jeev and matter are alertable, the rest are unalertable.

Page #61

NAV-TATTVA
9) CAUSE - Jeev is not a cause, rest are causes. A substance helpful in the work of others is called
cause.
51
10) CREATOR: Jeev is creator, rest aren't creators. 11) WIDESPREAD - Sky is widespread everywhere. Rest are seen in limited spaces.
12) PENETRATION (changeable) - No substance can be changed into another substance. So, all are unchangeable.
[3] PUNYA
Karma which gives good fruits is called Punya. Causes of Binding Punya :
1)
Gifting food to the proper.
2) Gifting water to the proper.
3)
4)
5) Gifting clothes to the proper.
6)
Good mental activities.
7) Good vocal activities.
8)
Good physical activities.
9) Worship of God and gurudev.
Gifting place to dwell to the proper Gifting place to sleep to the proper.
42 TYPES OF PUNYA
Shaata vedniya, Ucchgotra, Devaayushya, Manushyaayushya, Tiryanchaayushya, Manushyagati, Devgati, Panchendriyajati, 5 bodies, 3 angopangs, First sanghayan, First sansthan, decent colour-odour-taste-touch, Shubh vihaayogati, Devanupurvi, Manushyanupurvi, Atap, Udyot,

Page #62

52
NAV-TATTVA
Paraghat, Shvashochhvas, Jin, Nirman, Agurulaghu, Tras, Badar, Paryapta, Pratyek, Sthir, Shubh, Subhag, Susvar, Aadey, Yash.
[4] PAAP
Karma which gives bad fruits is called Paap.
| Causes of binding Paap :-)
1) Pranatipaat (killing) 2) Mrishavaad (telling lie) 3) Adattadaan (theft)
Maithun (sexual intercourse) 5) Parigrah (collection of wealth) 6) Krodh (anger) 7) Maan (pride) 8) Maaya (deciet) 9) Lobh (greed) 10) Raag (affection) 11) Dvesh (hatred) 12) Kalah (quarrel) 13) Abhyakhyan (false accusation) 14) Paishunya (slander) 15) Rati-arati (happiness - sadness) 16) Par-parivaad (censure) 17) Maaya-mrishavaad (speaking lie with fraud) 18) Mithyatvashalya (lack of faith in the Jinas)

Page #63

NAV-TATTVA
53
82 TYPES_OF PAAP.
1) Gnanavaran :- Karma covering deep
knowledge 2) Darshanavaran :- Karma covering common
knowledge 3) Antaray :- Karma which causes hurdles 5 4) Mohaniya :- Karma which deludes 26
5) Ashaatavedniya:- Karma which causes pains
82
6) Neechgotra :- Karma which gives birth
in a low caste 7) Narkaayushya :- Karma which makes
one live as a naarki 8) Namkarma - :- Karma pertaining to body 34
Total
NAAMKARMA (34) - Narakgati, Tiryanchgati, Ekendriyajati, Beindriyajati, Teindriyajati, Chaurindriyajati, 5 Sanghayans, 5 Sansthans, bad colour - odour - taste - touch, Ashubhvihaayogati, Narkaanupurvi, Tiryanchanupurvi, Upghaat, Sthavar, Sukshma, Aparyapta, Sadharan, Asthir, Ashubh, Durbhag, Duhsvar, Anadey, Apyash.
For the knowledge of definitions and natures of the types of punya and paap, one should refer first karmagrantha.
FOUR-FOLD PUNYA-PAAP COMBINATION 1) Punyanubandhi Punya :- When new punya is bound
during the experience of previous punya, the punya
is called Punyanubandhi Punya. 2) Paapanubandhi Punya :- When new paap is bound
during the experience of previous punya, the punya

Page #64

54
NAV-TATTVA
is called Paapanubandhi Punya. 3) Punyanubandhi Paap :- When new punya is bound
during the experience of previous paap, the paap is
called Punyanubandhi Paap. 4) Paapanubandhi Paap :- When new paap is bound
during the experience of previous paap, the paap is called Paapanuabndhi Paap.
[5] AASHRAV Inlets for Karma to enter the soul are called Aashrava :- 42 types • INDRIYA 5 (sense organs) :- Dependence
on senseorgans. Happiness in favourable subjects of senseorgans. Hatred in
adverse subjects of senseorgans. • PASSIONS 4 :- Anger, pride, fraud, greed. • AVRAT 5 (absence of vows) :
Pranatipaat - Killing Mrishavaad - Speaking lie Adattadaan - Theft Maithun - Sexual intercourse
Parigrah - Strong affection on wealth • YOG 3 :- Mental, vocal and physical activities.
KRIYA (ACTIVITIES) 25 1) KAYIKI :- Performing body activities without seeing and
sweeping. 2) ADHIKARNIKI :- Developing new weapons or mutually
joining old weapons. 3) PRADVESHIKI:- Hating livingbeings or non-livingbeings. 4) PARITAPANIKI :- Causing pains to self or others.

Page #65

NAV-TATTVA
55
5) PRANATIPATIKI :- Killing self or others. 6) AARAMBHIKI :- Activities in which livingbeings or
non-livingbeings are killed. PARIGRAHIKI :- Collecting wealth and having affec
tion on it. 8) MAAYAPRATYAYIKI :- Hiding eternal emotions and
showing something else outwardly or executing false
witnesses or agreements. 9) MITHYADARSHANPRATYAYIKI :- Activities done
due to lack of faith in Jainism. 10) APRATYAKHYANIKI :- Activities done due to lack
of vows 11) DRISHTIKI :- Viewing livingbeings or non-livingbeings
with affection. 12) SPRISHTIKI :- Touching livingbeings or non
livingbeings with affection. 13) PRATITYAKI :- Having feelings of love or hatred on
viewing elephants, horses, ornaments etc. of others. 14) SAMANTOPNIPATIKI :- Loving or hating the one who
admires or censures after viewing elephants, horses, chariots, ornaments etc. of his own, or making others visualize dramatic performances, cinemas, public shows, plays etc. Keeping vessels full of ghee-oil etc.
open. 15) NAISRISHTIKI :- Making others mould weapons or
making others empty wells, lakes etc. or abondoning proper disciple or discarding pure food, water etc.
without reason. 16) SVAHASTIKI :- Killing livingbeings or non-livingbeings
with own hands 17) AAGNAPANIKI :- Making others do sinful acts by
implementing orders on them.

Page #66

56
NAV-TATTVA 18) VAIDAARNIKL :- Tearing livingbeings or non
livingbeings or cheating others. 19) ANABHOGIKI :- Keeping or taking anything without
mental attention. 20) ANAVKANKSHAPRATYAYIKI :- Performing deeds
harmful in this life and next life, disregarding welfare
of self and others. 21) PRAYOGIKI:- Good and bad activities of mind, speech
and body. 22) SAMUDAYIKI :- Performing deeds in which karmas
are collected due to the use of senseorgans. 23) PREMIKI :- To love or to perform activities which
make others affectionate. 24) DVESHIKI :- To hate or to perform activities which
make others hateful. 25) IRYAPATHIKI :- Activities performed due to only yog
(without mithyatva (lack of faith in Jainism), avirti (lack of vows), kashay (passion) etc.) This is in the 11th, 12th, 13th gunasthanaks.
[6] SAMVAR Prevention of karma from coming into the soul is called Samvar. 57 types :Samiti (decent activities) | 5| Yatidharma(duties of saint) 10 Gupti (self restraints) | 3 Bhavna (emotions) Endurance of Parishah 22 Charitra (ascetism)
(Endurance of adversities)
Total Types
Loño
57

Page #67

NAV-TATTVA
57
SAMITI = DECENT ACTIVITY - 5 1) IRYASAMITI :- Visualizing, with mental awareness, three
and a half feet of the surface in front while walking. 2) BHASHASAMITI :- Speaking sinless words with the
use of muhapatti (a piece of cloth, measuring 16 fingers in length and breadth, kept in front of mouth while speaking). Sinful words :- Words due to which sins such as killing etc. take place, e.g. words of orders, words of praise of sinful activities, false words, determined words.
So, the monks shouldn't utter words of orders and determined words. They should speak words such as most probably, vartaman jog (as per present conditions),
kshetra-sparshna (as per our route of migration) etc. 3) ESHANASAMITI :- Roaming for food and accepting it,
averting fortytwo faults as described in the scriptures. 4) ADAANNIKSHEPANA SAMITI :- Spectating and
sweeping while keeping or taking clothes, utensils etc. and while spreading asan (seat), santharo (bed) etc.
on the ground. 5) PARISHTHAPANIKA SAMITI :- Discarding urine,
excreta, cough, phlegm, spittle, impure food, useless clothes etc., according to the system mentioned in scriptures, in places devoid of livingbeings.
Gupti = SELF RESTRAINT - 3 1) MANOGUPTI :- Averting bad thoughts and practising
good thoughts. 2) VACHANGUPTH :- Averting sinful words and speak

Page #68

58
2
NAV-TATTVA
ing sinless words with the use of muhapatti. 3) KAAYGUPTI :- Averting sinful activities and practis
ing sinless activities.
Samitis are in the form of activities, whereas guptis are in the form of activities and restraints. So, in samitis guptis are surely there, but in guptis samitis may be or may not be there.
ENDURANCE OF PARISHAH - 22
Adversities to be endured with peace without leaving the ascetic path, for the removal of karma are called Parishahs. There are 22 such parishahs. One should attain victory over parishahs after listening and knowing them with practice, but shouldn't commit errors in ascetism. 1) KSHUDHA (hunger) :- One should endure hunger
but shouldn't take faultful food and shouldn't have bad thoughts in mind. TRISHA (thirst) :- One should endure thirst but shouldn't use water which is not boiled or mixwater. SHEET (cold) :- One should endure cold but shouldn't desire for fire or prohibited clothes etc. USHNA (heat) :- One shouldn't desire for umbrellas, baths, lubrications or sprinkling water droplets on the
body even in summer when there is terrible heat. 5) DANSH (bite) :- When mosquitoes, louses, bugs,
dans' bite, one shouldn't desire to go to another place,
shouldn't kill them or hate them. 6) ACHEL (lack of clothes) :- One shouldn't be unhappy
if he doesn't get clothes or gets wornout clothes. One

Page #69

Nav-TATTVA
59
shouldn't desire precious clothes, but should wear
wornout clothes. 7) ARATI (tedium) :- One shouldn't be disgusted if
adversities come in ascetic life, but should be absorbed in good emotions and shoudn't desire to give up monkhood. STRI (woman) :- Woman is an obstacle in the ascetic life. So, one shouldn't even glance at her affectionately, shouldn't view her bodyparts, shouldn't think
about her, shouldn't become her subordinate. 9) CHARYA (migration) :- One shoudn't stay in one
place for a long period but should migrate from place to place, should practise ninefold migration , shouldn't
be disgusted while migration. 10) NAISHEDHIKISTHAN (solitary place) :- One should
stay in emptyhouses, in burial places etc. or should stay in places devoid of women, eunuchs, animals etc. One shouldn't be agitated even if he receives an
adverse place. 11) SHAYYA (place for sleeping) :- One shouldn't be
agitated if he gets adverse place with ups and downs for sleeping and shouldn't be happy if he gets
favourable place for sleeping. 12) AAKROSH (anger) :- If someone speaks harsh words
one shouldn't hate him, but should regard him as an
obliger. 13) VADH (killing) :- If someone kills, even then one
shouldn't hate him and shouldn't have bad thoughts
in mind. 14) YACHANA (request) :- One shouldn't feel ashame
to request for food, water, clothes etc. 15) ALABH (lack of gain) :- If one doesn't get a particular

Page #70

60
NAV-TATTVA
thing even after requesting for it then he shouldn't be agitated but should take it as a fruit of labhantaraya
karma (karma causing obstacles in gains). 16) ROG (disease) :- A sthavirkalpi saint, when diseased,
practises faultless treatments, in accordance with the system described in scriptures to cure it and if it isn't cured, even then he remains tranquil and takes it as
a fruit of karma. 17) TRUN (grass) :- While sleeping on grass-santhara if
its edges pierce the body or while sleeping on a woolen-santhara if it itches, even then one shouldn't
be agitated: 18) MAL (dirt) :- One shouldn't dislike dirty body or dirty
clothes, and shouldn't try to clean them. 19) SATKAAR (honour) :- If one gets honour in the
society he shouldn't feel happy and if he doesn't get
it, he shouldn't be agitatea. 20) PRAGNA (intellect) :- If one is very intelligent or
scholar and people praise him very much, he shouldn't be proud listening to it, but he should think that many great scholars many times more intelligent than me have been in the past. In comparision to their ocean of knowledge my knowledge is not more than a
droplet 21) AGNAN (Ignorance) :- If one is dull or ignorant he
shouldn't be agitated, but taking it as a fruit of gnanavarniya karma he should get absorbed in ascetic
activities. 22) SAMYAKTVA (faith) :- One shouldn't loose his faith in
Jainism even if he has to face adversities or hindrances, or if he doesn't understand deep' meanings of scriptures or even if he views magic in other religions.

Page #71

NAV-TATTVA
61
YATIDHARMA-10 (DUTIES OF A SAINT) 1) KSHAMA (forgiveness) :- Lack of anger. 2) MRIDUTA (softness) :- Humbleness, lack of pride. 3) AARJAV (straight-forwardness) - Frankness, lack of
deciet. 4) MUKTI (contentment) :- Satisfaction, lack of greed. 5) TAP (penance) :- Restraint of desires. 6) SANYAM :- 5 Mahavrats (great vows), restraints of
sense organs 5, defeating passions 4, prevention of
3 dands (bad activities of mind, speech and body). 7) SATYA (truth) :- Speaking good, beneficial and true
words. 8) SHOUCH (purity) :- Purity of mind, speech and body. 9) AKINCHANTA indifference) :- Absence of affection
on anything. 10) BRAHMACHARYA (celibacy) :- Abandoning sexual
intercourse from mind, speech and body.
BHAVNA (EMOTIONS)-10 1) ANITYA BHAVANA (unstability) :- Thinking that all the
things in this world such as wealth, family, body etc. are unstable, perishable. ASHARANA BHAVANA (absence of shelter) :Thinking that there is no shelter in this sansar who
can protect from the pains-of disease, death etc. 3) SANSAR BHAVANA (roaming in mundane state) :
Thinking that livingbeings are roaming in 84 lakh yonis,

Page #72

62
Nav-TATTVA
they have been and are being related with each of
the other livingbeings by various kinds of relations. 4) EKATVA BHAVANA (loneliness) :- Thinking that one
takes birth alone, dies alone and endures fruits of
karmas alone. 5) ANYATVA BHAVANA (aloofness) :- Thinking that the
family, wealth, building, body etc. are not mine but
alien. 6) ASHUCHI BHAVANA (impurity) :- Thinking that this
body is constructed by impure substances such as pus, blood, flesh, bones, etc. and is filled with urine,
excreta etc. 7) AASHRAV BHAVANA (inlets) :- Thinking that every
moment karmas are coming in the soul due to 42 aashravs and the soul becomes heavy and dirty due
to them. 8) SAMVAR BHAVANA (lids) :- Thinking often about the
57 types of samvar. 9) NIRJARA BHAVANA (outlets) :- Thinking about 12
types of nirjara. 10) LOKSWABHAV BHAVANA (nature of universe) :
Thinking about fourteen rajloks, six substances dwelling in it, places of deities and naarkis, countless islands
and oceans etc. 11) BODHIDURLABH BHAVANA (difficulty in the attain
ment of samyaktva) :- Thinking that in this uncreated universe, it is easy to become chakravarti (king of six khands), deity, king etc, but it is difficult to attain samyaktva-gem. (So, one should make efforts for its attainment and protect it if attained.)

Page #73

NAV-TATTVA
63
12) DHARMA BHAVANA (religion) :- Thinking that in this world, happiness is gained only by practising Jainism. The sun, the moon etc. also arise and enlighten this world due to the glory of Janism. Fourteen rajloks are standing in the infinite alok (universe in which livingbeings can't dwell) without any support due to the glory of Jainism.
CHARITRA (ASCETISM) 5
1)
SAMAAYIK :- Sam = knowledge, faith and conduct, Aay = gain.
2)
A religious activity by which knowledge, faith and conduct are gained is called samaayik. All the sinful yogas (activities) are totally given up in this samaayik. Samaayik of 48 mins. practised by shravakas, paushadhs (living a life similar to ascetic life for a temporary period) practised by shravakas and the ascetism practised by the saints of first and last tirthankars from small diksha till big diksha are called Itvarkathik (temporary) Samaayik Charitra and the ascetism practised by the saints of twentytwo tirthankars from diksha till death is called Yavatkathik (permanent) Samaayik Charitra.
CHHEDOPASTHAPNIYA CHARITRA - The type of ascetism in which past ascetic years are cut off and the great vows are newly given is called Chhedopasthapniya Charitra.
a) Saints of first and last tirthankars possess this type of ascetism after their bigdiksha.
b) When the saints of Lord Parshva give up the shashan with four vows and accept the shashan

Page #74

64
NAV-TATTVA
of Lord Mahaveer with five vows, they have this type of ascetism.
c) When a principle virtue of a saint is broken his past ascetic years are cut-off as a punishment and is newly given the vows. He has this type of ascetism.
3) PARIHAARVISHUDDHI - It's a type of ascetism in which purity is attained by performing a special type of penance. There is a group of nine in it.
4
Nirvishmanaks - penance practisioners.
4
Season
Summer
Winter
Rainy
Anucharaks - servers.
Vachnacharya - orator of recensions.
PENANCE
minimum
1 fast
2 fasts
3 fasts
middle
2 fasts
3 fasts
4 fasts
maximum
3 fasts
4 fasts
5 fasts
They break the fast with an ayambil (eating boiled food once in a day). The servers do ayambil everyday.
This is continued for six months. After that the servers practise penance, the penance-practisioners become servers and the vachanacharya delivers recensions. This is continued for another six months. After that the vachanacharya practises penance, one person becomes vachanacharya, the rest become servers. This is continued for another six months. In this way, this type of ascetism is completed in eighteen months. After that they may again accept this type or accept Jinkalp (perfect ascetism) or enter the gutch.

Page #75

NAV-TATTVA
65
This type of ascetism is there only in Bharat Kshetra and Ayravat kshetra. It is not there in Mahavideh kshetra.
Ascetics possessing first sanghayan, 14 purvas and extraordinary labdhis (powers) have this type of
ascetism, women don't have this type of ascetism. 4) SUKSHMA SAMPARAAY :- An ascetism in which fruits
of extremely minute lobh (greed) passion are experienced is called sukshma samparaay. The other three passions - anger, pride and deciet are absent here. 5) YATHAKHYAAT :- Totally pure ascetism without any
exceptions, or an ascetism where there is total absence of experience of mohaniya karma. Here there are emotions of total indifference. Ascetism
Gunsthanak
(standards of virtues) Samaayik
6,7,8,9 Chhedopasthapniya 6,7,8,9 Parihaarvishudhi Sukshma Samparaay 10 Yathakhyaat
11, 12, 13, 14
6,7
[7] NIRJARA (OUTLETS) Departure of karma from soul is called Nirjara.
Nirjara is done by 12 types of penances. So, 12 types of penances are themselves 12 types of Nirjara.
BAHYA TAP (PHYSICAL PENANCE) - 6 TYPES 1) ANSHAN :- Abandoning food according to religious
doctrines. It is of 2 types

Page #76

66
NAV-TATTVA
2)
a) Itvar (temporary) :- Abandoning food for a small
period. e.g. Navkarshi (abondoning food for 48 mins. from sunrise), Porsi (abondoning food for nearly 3 hrs. from sunrise), Ekashana (eating just
once in a day), Fasting etc.. b) Yavatkathik (permanent) :- Abondoning food till
death. UNODARI :- Eating less than hunger. To possess less things. VRITTISANKSHEP :- Taking vows of gochari (roaming for food as described in scriptures etc.) with respect to dravya (substance), kshetra (space), kaal (time) and bhav (emotions). • With respect to substances - Not to eat more than
certain substances. • With respect to space - Not to roam in more than
certain houses. • With respect to time - Eating whatever is received
at or in certain time. • With respect to emotions - Accepting food only
if a crying child, angry man, diksharthi (a person
ready to accept ascetism) etc, gifts it. RASTYAAG :- Abandoning vigays (food materials which push one in low classes). Milk, curd, ghee, oil, jaggery and fried items are six vigays. Honey, meat, butter, wine are four mahavigays. One should totally abandon mahavigays and abandon vigays as many and as much as possible. KAAYKLESH :- Torturing the body as mentioned in
4)
5)

Page #77

NAV-TATTVA
67
scriptures. e. g. Loch (plucking hairs), migration on foot, enduring the sun's heat etc. SANLEENTA :- Restraining senseorgans from going to evil paths, averting passions and bad yogas of mind, speech and body, abandoning bad places and residing in decent places.
People can know this type of penance. It effects physical body and senseorgans. So, it is called bahya tap (physical penance)
ABHYANTAR TAP_(ETERNAL PENANCE) - 6 TYPES
1)
2)
PRAYASHCHITT :- Exposing faults and errors in front of gurudev, taking its punishment and executing it. VINAY :- honouring knowledge, scholars, faith, faithful people, acharyas, upadhyayas, sthavirs, ganis, elder monks etc. VAIYAVATCH :- Serving acharyas, upadhyayas, sthavirs, ganis, penance-practisioners, co-followers, kul, gan, sangh, new ascetics, by providing food, clothes, utensils, dwelling place, medicine etc. to them. SWADHYAY :- 5 types. Vachana - give and take of knowledge. Prichhana - to ask doubts. Paravartana - revision. Anupreksha - thinking the meanings. Dharmakatha - delivering speeches. DHYAAN (meditation) - Concentration of yogas. Restraint of yogas. It is of four types.
4)
5)

Page #78

68
NAV-TATTVA
a) Aarttdhyaan - It is again of four types. i) Worry of the departure of something liked. ii) Worry of the contact of something disliked. iii) Worry of disease.
iv) Desiring worldly things as fruit of penance. b) Raudradhyaan - It is also of four types. i) Thinking deeply about killing livingbeings. ii) Thinking deeply about speaking great lie. iii) Thinking deeply about attempting theft. iv) Thinking deeply about protection of wealth.
These two dhyaans increase the mundane state, so they aren't included in nirjara, but they are depicted here just to know their nature.
c) Dharmadhyaan - It is of four types.
i) Aagnavichay - Thinking about the orders of Lord tirthankar.
ii) Vipaakvichay - Thinking about the fruits of karma.
iii) Apaayvichay - Thinking about the losses caused by passions and subjects of sense organs.
iv) Sansthanvichay - Thinking about the nature of the fourteen rajloks.
d) Shukladhyaan - It is of four types.
i) Prithaktvavitark savichaar - Meditation on different conditions of substances, with the change of words, meanings and yogas, on the basis of knowledge of purvas. It is prac

Page #79

NAV-TATTVA
69
tised by saints possessing knowledge of purvas Ekatvavitark Avichaar - Meditation on one condition of substance, without any change of words, meanings and yogas, on the basis of knowledge of purvas. It is practised by
saints possessing knowledge of purvas. iii) Sukshamakriya Apratipati - This is a medi
tation practised by kewalgnanis (saints with ultimate knowledge) while controlling badar kaayyog (broad activities of body) with the support of sukshma kaayyog (minute activities of body) after having controlled manoyog,
vachanyog and respiration. iv) Vyuparatkriya Anivritti - This is a meditation
practised by kewalgnanis in the shaileshi condition after having controlled the manoyog, vachanyog and kaayyog.
By aartadhyaan tiryanchgati is attained. • By raudradhyaan narakgati is attained. • By dharmadhyaan devgati is attained.
• By shukladhyaan liberation is attained. KAAYOTSARGA - Abandoning the activities of body etc. and standing in meditation for a certain decided time-limit.
6)
[8] BANDH
In every moment all the sansari livingbeings accept karman particles from the environment where they dwell, due to mithyatva etc. and completely assimilate them with

Page #80

70
Nav-TATTVA
the soul like water and milk or iron and fire. This activity is called karmabandh and the karman particles assimilated with the soul are called karma.
FOUR TYPES OF KARMABINDINGS
PRAKRITIBANDH :- Nature of karma decided when bound. e.g. some karma hide knowledge, some give happiness, some give birth in highcaste, etc. STHITIBANDH :- The fixation of time limit for which the karma would stay on soul, when bound. RASBANDH :- Fixation of high or low power of the karma. PRADESHBANDH :- Number of particles of the karma when bound.
4)
ILLUSTRATION OF A SWEET-BALL
Nature of some sweetball is to avert gastrouble. Nature of other sweetball is to cure cough. Similarly, while binding karma, its nature such as hiding knowledge, gifting happiness etc. which is fixed is called Prakritibandh.
Some sweetballs last for 10 days, some for 15 days. Similarly, while binding karma, the time limit for its staying with the soul which is fixed is called Sthitibandh.
Some sweetballs are very sweet, others are less sweet. Similarly, while binding karma its power of giving sharp or mild fruits which is fixed is called Rasbandh.
Some sweetballs are small, the others are big. Similarly, while binding karma the amount of karma bound is called Pradeshbandh.

Page #81

NAV-TATTVA
71
PRAKRITIBANDH
like
There are principle 8 divisions of karma and 158 subdivisions. No. Name of Definition
Hides
es Simile karma
which
virtue ? Gnanavarana Hides knowledge Anantgnan 5
like tieing (specific
(Infinite
bands on knowledge
knowledge) eyes. of things). Darshan- Hides Darshan Anant
like a avarana (common
darshan
doorknowledge)
(Infinite
keeper. of things.
common
knowledge) 3. Vedniya Makes living beings
Avyabadh
like a experience
sukh (Pain
sword joy and grief less happ
lubricated iness)
with honey 4. Mohaniya Makes livingbeings Anantcha- 28 unable to
ritra (Infinite drinking discriminate between conduct)
wine. the truth and
the false. 5. Aayushya Binds in a life Akshaysthiti 4 like
(residence
shackles.
for ever) 6. Naam
Makes livingbeings | Arupipanu. | 103 like a experience different (Formless
painter conditions such as ness)
gati etc. Gotra
Gives birth in high Agurula- 2 like a or low castes. ghupanu
potmaker (unheaviness
unlightness) 8. Antraaay Averting livingbeings Anantshakti 5
from charity, gains, (Infinite experience etc. power)
treasurer
like

Page #82

72
Nav-TATTVA
STHITIBANDH
No.
Karma
Maximum timelimit
Minimum timelimit
Gnanavarana
antarmuhurat
30 x crore x crore sagropams
Darshanavarana
antarmuhurat
30 x crore x crore sagropams 30 x crore x crore sagropams
Vedniya
12 muhurats
Mohaniya
antarmuhurat
Aayushya
70 x crore x crore sagropams 33 sagropams 20 x crore x crore sagropams
antarmuhurat
Naam
8 muhurats
Gotra
8 muhurats
20 x crore x crore sagropams 30. X crore x crore sagropams
Antraaay
antarmuhurat
[9] MOKSHA The true and pure nature of the soul attained after the total destruction of all the karmas is called Moksha.
A soul totally freed from the bonds of karma goes upwards and reaches above the siddhasheela at the end of the lok. There are other infinite liberated souls there. They never have to return back in this mundane state. All the souls residing there observe and know at every moment all the conditions with respect to past, present and future

Page #83

NAV-TATTVA
of all the things in this world at a time. They are extremely happy there. They never have to endure the afflictions such as birth, oldage, death, hunger, thirst, disease, worry, poverty, grief, quarrels etc. of this world. Karma is the rootcause of birth. Due to its total destruction the liberated souls never have to take birth in this world again. The happiness experienced by a liberated soul is infinite times more than the collected happiness of past, present and future of all the livingbeings of the threefold world.
73
Moksha element is to be discussed with respect to nine anuyog-dwars. (points for understanding a thing properly) They are- satpad (existence), dravya(number), kshetra(space), sparshana(touch), kaal(time), antar(gap), bhaag(part), bhaav(emotions), alpabahutva(more or less).
1) SATPAD :- existence.
Que - Does moksha exist or not ?
Ans- 'Moksha' is a pure word.
pure = meaningful and single. So, Moksha exists.
2) DRAVYA :
Que :- How many liberated souls are there in Moksha? Ans :- Infinite.
3) KSHETRA :
Que - Within how much space do the liberated souls dwell ?
Ans- A liberated soul dwells in a space measuring lok countless. All the liberated souls dwell in a space measuring lok ÷ countless.
4) SPARSHANA - A little more than kshetra.

Page #84

74
NAV-TATTVA
5) KAAL :- The time limit with respect to a liberated soul
is saadi anant (with start without end) and with respect to all the liberated souls is anaadi anant (without start
without end.) 6) ANTAR :- There is no antar, because the liberated
souls don't have to come back to mundane state and
go again to Moksha. 7) BHAAG :- The number of liberated souls is the number
of all living beings = infinite. 8) BHAAV :- Specific knowledge, common knowledge
etc. are imperishable. Vitality etc. are changeable. 9) ALPABAHUTVA :- Napunsaksiddh (liberated souls who were eunuch in their previous life) are less
Strisiddh (liberated souls who were women in their previous life) are countable times more than napunsaksiddh.
Purushsiddh (liberated souls who were males in their previous life) are countable times more than strisiddh.
FROM WHICH MARGANAAS (CREEDS) CAN
A_LIVINGBEING_ATTAIN LIBERATION ?
Principle marganaas :- 14, Sub-marganaas :- 62 1) GATI - (class) 4 :- Narakgati, Tiryanchgati,
Manushyagati, Devgati. INDRIYA (possession of senseorgans ) 5 :- Ekendriya,
Beindriya, Teindriya, Chaurindriya, Panchendriya. 3) KAAY - (body) 6 :- Prithvikaay, Apkaay, Teukaay,
Vaukaay, Vanaspatikaay, Traskaay.

Page #85

NAV-TATTVA
75
4) YOG (activities) 3 :- Manoyoga, Vachanyog, Kaayyog. 5) VED (sex) 3 :- Male, Female, Eunuch. 6) KASHAAYA (passions) 4:- Anger, Pride, Deciet, Greed. 7) GNAN (knowledge) 8 :- Matignan, Shrutgnan, Avadhi
gnan, Manahparyavgnan, Kewalgnan, Mati-agnan, Shrut-agnan, Vibhanggnan. SANYAM (Ascetism) 7 :- Samaayik, Chhedopasthapniya, Parihaarvishuddhi, Sukshmasamparay,
Yathakhyat, Deshvirti, Avirti. 9) DARSHAN (observance) 4 :- Chakshudarshan,
Achakshudarshan, Avadhidarshan, Kevaldarshan. 10) LESHYA (mental attitude) 6 :- Krishnaleshya,
Neelleshya, Kapotleshya, Tejoleshya, Padmaleshya,
Shuklaleshya. 11) BHAVYA (proper for liberation) 2 :- Bhavya, Abhavya. 12) SAMYAKTVA (faith) 6 :- Kshayopshamik samyaktva,
Upsham samyaktva, Kshaayik samyaktva, Mithyaatva,
Sasvadan, Mishra. 13) SANGNI (with mind) 2 :- Sangni, Asangni. 14) AAHAARI (taking food) 2 :- Aahaari, Anahaari.
One can attain liberation from 10 marganaas namely - Manushyagati, Panchendriyajati, Traskaay, Kevalgnan, Yathakhyaat charitra, Kevaldarshan, Bhavya, Sangni, Anaahaari, Kshayik samyaktva.

Page #86

76
15 TYPES OF SIDDHS (LIBERATED SOULS)
1)
JINSIDDH:- Souls liberated after becoming tirthankar. e.g. Rishabhdev etc.
AJINSIDDH:- Souls liberated without attaining tirthankar degree and after becoming common kewali. e.g. Ganadhars etc.
2)
3)
TIRTHSIDDH:- Souls liberated during the existence of tirth (shashan). e.g. Jambuswami etc.
ATIRTHSIDDH - Souls liberated before establishment and after disollution of tirth e.g. Marudeva mother. SWALINGSIDDH- Souls liberated after attaining Kewalgnan in monkhood.
6) GRIHILING SIDDH:- Souls liberated after attaining kewalgnan in householdship. e.g. Bharat Chakravarti
etc.
4)
5)
NAV-TATTVA
7)
8)
ANYALINGSIDDH- Souls liberated after attaining kewalgnan in the attire of monks of other religions e.g. Valkalchiri etc.
STRISIDDH - Liberated souls who were females in the previous life. e.g. Chandanbala etc.
9)
PURUSHSIDDH - Liberated souls who were males in the previous life e.g. Gautamswami etc.
10) NAPUNSAKSIDDH:- Liberated souls who were eunuchs in the previous life. e.g. Gangey etc.
11) SWAYAMBUDDHSIDDH:- Souls who attain liberation after receiving knowledge without any cause.
12) PRATYEKBUDDHSIDDH:- Souls who attain liberation after receiving knowledge due to some cause.

Page #87

NAV-TATTVA
13) BUDDHBODHIT - Souls who attain liberation after receiving knowledge by speeches of others.
14) EKSIDDHA single soul liberated at a time (in a single moment) e.g. Lord Mahaveer.
15) ANEKSIDDH - Many souls liberated at a time (in a single moment) e.g. Lord Rishabhdev.
108 SOULS ARE LIBERATED_AT THE MOST IN A SINGLE MOMENT
1 to 32 souls
33 to 48 souls
49 to 60 souls
61 to 72 souls
77
73 to 84 souls
85 to 96 souls
97 to 102 souls
attain liberation continuously for 8 moments, after that there occurs a gap.
attain liberation continuously for 7 moments, after that there occurs a gap.
attain liberation continuously for 6 moments, after that there occurs a gap.
attain liberation continuously for 5 moments, after that there occurs a gap.
attain liberation continuously for 4 moments, after that there occurs a gap.
attain liberation continuously for 3 moments, after that there occurs a gap.
attain liberation continuously for 2 moments, after that there occurs a gap.
103 to 108 souls attain liberation continuously for 1 moment, after that there occurs a gap.

Page #88

78
NAV-TATTVA
Que. How many souls have been liberated till
now?
Ans. The number of souls liberated till now is number of livingbeings in a nigod ÷ infinite.
In future also, whenever someone will ask kewalis that how many souls have liberated, their answer would be the same.
= : the
One who knows the nine elements mentioned above has samyaktva. If he doesn't know them but even if he has faith in them, he surely has samyaktva.
'The words uttered by Jineshwaras are never false' - One who has such belief in his heart has firm samyaktva.
One who receives samyaktva just for an antarmuhurat, doesn't roam in this mundane state for more than half pudgal paravart i.e. he surely attains emancipation within that period.
Objects of Nav-tattva are completed.

Page #89

NAV-TATTVA
79
LITERAL MEANINGS_OF THE GATHAS
OF NAV-TATTVA જીવા-જીવા પુર્ણ, પાવા-સવ સંવરો ય નિર્જરણા | બંધો મુખો તહા, નવ તત્તા હુંતિ નાચવ્વા III 1) The nine elements are - Jeev, ajeev, punya, paap,
aashrav, samvar, nirjara, bandh and moksha. ચઉદસ ચઉદસ બાયાલીસા બાસી ય હૃતિ બાપાલા
સત્તાવન્ન બારસ, ચઉ નવ ભેયા કમેસેસિં /રા 2) Their types are respectively 14, 14, 42, 42, 42, 57, 12, 4 and 9.
JEEV એગવિહ દુવિહ તિવિહા, ચઉવિહા પંચ છવિહા જીવા |
ચેચણ-તસ-ઇયરહિં, વેચ-ગઇ-કરણ-કાએહિં III 3) The living beings are of one type, two types, three
types, four types, five types and six types with respect to vitality, tras - sthavar, sex, class,
senseorgans and kaay(body). એબિંદિય સુહમિસરા, સનિયર પશ્ચિંદિયા ચ સબિતિચઉ I
અપત્તા પજત્તાકમેણ ચઉદસ જિય-ઢાણા આજના 4) Sukshma - badar ekendriya, Sangni - asangni
panchendriya, beindriya, teindriya, chaurindriya - 7 x 2 (paryapta - aparyapta) = 14 types of jeevs.
નાણં ચ દંસણ ચેવ, ચરિત્ત ચ તવો તહાT. વીરિયં ઉવઓગો ય, એએ જીવસ લકખાં પડી 5) The features of jeev are knowledge, faith, conduct,
penance, power, mental awareness etc.

Page #90

90
NAV-TATTVA
આહાર સરીરિદિય, પજતી આણપાણ-ભાસ-મણે I ચઉ પંચ પંચ છાપ ય, ઇગ-વિગલાઇસન્ની-સન્નીણ IIબા 6) Aahaar, shareer, indriya, shvashochhvas, bhasha
and manah - these are six paryaptis. Ekendriya vikalendriya, asangni panchendriya and sangni
panchendriya have 4,5,5,6 paryaptis respectively. પણિંદિઆ તિબલૂસાસાઊ દસ પાણ ચઉ છ સગ અટ્ટ | ઇગ-દુ-તિ-ચઉરિદીર્ણ, અસન્નિ-સન્નણ નાવ દસ ય III 7) 5 senseorgans, 3 powers, respiration and life -
these are 10 prans. Ekendriya, Beindriya, Teindriya, Chaurindriya, Asangni Panchendriya and Sangnis have 4,6,7,8,9,10 prans respectively.
AJEEV ધમ્માધમ્માડડગાસા, તિય તિય ભેચા તહેવ અદ્ધા ચ |
ખંધા દેસ પએસા, પરમાણુ અજીવ ચઉદસહા IIII 8) 3 types of dharmastikaay, 3 types of adhar
mastikaay, 3 types of akashastikaay, kaal and 4 types of matter - skandh, desh, pradesh, parmanu
- these are 14 types of ajeev. ધમ્મા-ધમ્મા પુગ્ગલ, નહ કાલો પંચ હુંતિ અજીવા
ચલણ-સહાવો ધમ્મો, થિર સંહાણો અહો ય IIII 9) Dharmastikaay, Adharmastikaay, Pudgalastikaay,
Akashastikaay and Kaal are five ajeevs. Dharmastikaay is helpful to jeev and matter in moving. Adharmastikaay is helpful to jeev and matter to remain stable.

Page #91

NAV-TATTVA
81
અવગાહો આગાસ, પુગલ-જીવાણ પુગલા ચઉહા !
ખંધા દેસ પસા, પરમાણૂ ચેવ નાયબ્બા II૧ના 10) Aakash gives space. Matter is of 4 types - skandh,
desh, pradesh, parmanu.
સદંઘયાર ઉર્જા , પભા છાયાતવેહિ આ T વણ ગંધ રસા ફાસા, પુગ્ગલાણં તુ લખણ II૧૧ાા 11) Sound, darkness, light, lustre, shadow, heat are
forms of matter. Colour, odour, taste and touch are
features of matter. એગા કોડિ સત્તસઠ્ઠી, લકખા સહત્તરી સહરસા ચT દો ચ સવા સોલહિ, આવલિઆ ઈગ મહત્તમ લગા 12) 1 muhurat = 1,67,77,216 aavlikas.
સમચાવલી મુહુરા, દિહા પખા ય માસ વરિસા ચા ભણિઓ પલિઆ સાગર, ઉરસપ્રિણિ-સપ્રિણી કાલો I૧૩ના 13) Samay, aavlika, muhurat, day, fortnight, month, year,
palyopam, sagropam, utsarpini, avsarpini are forms
of kaal (time). પરિણામિ જીવ મુત્ત, સપએસા એગ ખિત્ત કિરિઆ ચT ણિચ્ચે કારણ કત્તા, સવગર ઈયર અપસે II૧૪ 14) One should think about six substances with respect
of transformity, vitality, shapefulness, bearing pradesh, uniqueness, refuge, activity, alertation, cause, creator, extensivity, penetration.

Page #92

82
NAV-TATTVA
PUNYA
સાઉચ્ચનોઅ મણુગ, સુરગ પંચિંદિજાઈ પણ દેહા । આઈતિતણુ-વંગા, આઈમ-સંઘચણ-સંઠાણા ॥૧૫॥ વજ્ર ચઉક્કા-ગુરુલહુ, પરઘા ઉસ્સાસ આય-વુજ્જોઅં સુભખગઈ નિમિણ તસદસ, સુરનરતિરિઆઉ તિત્યયર ॥૧૬॥ 15)-16) Shaatavedniya, ucchgotra, manushya-2, dev-2, panchendriyajati, 5 bodies, 3 angopangs, 1st sanghayan, 1st sansthan, colour, odour, taste, touch, agurulaghu, paraghat, shvashochhvas, atap, udyot, shubhvihaayogati, nirman,tras-10, devaayushya, manushyaayushya, tiryanchayushya, tirthankarnaamkarma - these are 42 types of punya. તસ બાયર પજ્જત્તું, પત્તેઅં થિરં સુભં ચ સુભગં ચ । સુસર આઈજ્જ જરું, તસાઈ-દસગં ઈમ હોઈ ||૧|| 17) The tras-10 are tras, badar, paryapta, pratyek, sthir, shubh, subhag, susvar, aadey, yash.
PAAP
નાણું-તરાય દસગું, નવ બીએ નીઅસાય મિચ્છત્ત । થાવર દસ નિરચતિગં, કસાય પણવીસ તિરિયદુર્ગં ॥૧૮॥ ઈગ બિ તિ ચઉ જાઈઓ, કુખગઈ ઉવઘાય હુંતિ પાવસ્સ I અપસત્ય વજ્ર-ચઊ, અપઢમ-સંઘયણ-સંઠાણા ॥૧૯॥
18-19) Gnanavaran - 5, antaraay - 5, darshanavarana - 9, Neechgotra, ashatavedniya, mithyatva, sthavar - 10, narak - 3, kashay - 25, tiryanch - 2, ekendriya, beindriya, teindriya, chaurindriya, ashubh vihaayogati, upghaat, ashubh colour etc. - 4, rest 5 sanghayans, rest 5 sansthans - these are 82 types of paap.

Page #93

NAV-TATTVA
83
થાવર સુહુમ અપજે, સાહારણ-મથિર-મસુભ દુભગાણિT
દુસરણાઈજ-જર્સ, થાવરદસગં વિવજત્ય ll૨ના 20) The sthavar-10 are sthavar, sukshma, aparyapta,
sadharan, asthir, ashubh, durbhag, duhsvar, anadey, apyash.
AASHRAV ઇંદિઆ કાચ અવ્વય જોગા, પંચ ચઉ પંચ તિ િકમા | કિરિયાઓ પણવીસ, ઈમા ઉ તાઓ અણુક્કમસો રહ્યા 21) The indriya, kashaay, avrat, yog, are respectively
5,4,5,3. Kriyas are 25. They are as follows. કાઈઆ અહિગરણીઆ, પાઉસિયા પારિતાવણી કિરિયા !
પાણાઈવાયરંભિ, પરિગ્દહિયા માયવરી ચ ારશા મિચ્છા-દંસણ-વરી, અપચ્ચખાણા ચ દિઢિ પુકી આ
પાડુશ્ચિમ સામંતો, વણીઆ નેસલ્થિ સાહ–ી III આણવણિ વિઆરણિઆ અણભોગા અણવતંખપચ્ચઈઆ T
અન્ના પઓગ સમુદાણ, પિજ દોસેરિયાવહિઆ રજા 22-23-24) Kaayiki, Adhikaraniki, Pradveshiki, Parita
paniki, Pranatipaatiki, Aarambhiki, Parigrahiki, Mayapratyayiki, Mithyadarshan-pratyayiki, Apratyakhyaniki, Drishtiki, Sprishtiki, Pratityaki, Samantopnipatiki, Naisrishtiki, Swahastiki, Aagnapaniki, Vaidaarniki, Anabhogiki, Anavkankshapratyayiki, Prayogiki, Samudayiki, Premiki, Dveshiki, Iryapathiki.
SAMVAR સમિઈ ગુની પરિસહ, જઈવમો ભાવણા ચરિત્તાસિ | પણ તિ દુવીસ દસ બાર, પંચ ભેએહિં સગવન્ના પા 25) The samitis, guptis, parishahas, yatidharmas

Page #94

81
NAV-TATTVA
bhavanas and charitras are of respectively 5,3,22,10,12,5 types. These are 57 types of samvar. ઈરિયા-ભાસે-સણા-દાણે, ઉચ્ચારે સમિઈસુ અT
મણગુની વયગુરી, કાયગુરી તહેવ ચ રશા 26) The samitis are - Tryasamiti, Bhashasamiti,
Eshanasamiti, Aadaansamiti, Uccharsamiti. The guptis are Manogupti, Vachangupti and Kaaygupti.
ખુહા પિવાસા સી ઉહહં દંસા ચેલારઇન્ધિઓ I ચરિઆ કિસીહિયા સિક્કા, અક્કોસ વહ જારણા IPoll
અલાભ રોગ તણફાસા, મલ સક્કર પરિસહા I પન્ના અજ્ઞાણ સમ્મત્ત, ઈઆ બાવીસ પરિસા I૨૮ 27-28) Kshudha, Trisha, Sheet, Ushna, Dansh, Achel,
Arati, Stri, Charya, Naishedhiki, Shayya, Aakrosh, Vadh, Yachana, Alabh, Rog, Trunsparsh, Mal, Satkaar, Pragna, Samyaktva - these are 22
parishahs. ખેતી મદ્દવ અજવ, મુતિ તવ સંજમે આ બોધત્વે !
સચ્ચે સોએ અકિંચણં બંભ ચ જઈધો રલા 29) Kshama, Mriduta, Aarjav, Mukti, Tap, Sanyam, Satya,
Shouch, Akinchanta, Brahmacharya - these are 10
types of yatidharma. પટમ-મણિચ્ચ-મસરણ, સંસારો એગયા ચ અad અસુઈત્ત આસવ, સંવરો ય તહ નિર્જરા નવમી ૩૦મી લોગસહાવો લોહી દુલહા, ધમ્મસ સાહગા અરિહા !
એઆઓ ભાવણાઓ, ભાવેઅલ્લા પચત્તેણં ૩૧II 30-31) Anitya, Asharan, Sansar, Ekatva, Anyatva,
Ashuchitva, Aashrav, Samvar, Nirjara, Loksvabhav,

Page #95

NAV-TATTVA
85
Bodhidurlabh, Dharma - these 22 bhavanas should be practised with full efforts. સામાઈઅત્થ પઢમં, છેવટ્ટાવણ ભવે બીયં પરિહારવિશુદ્ધિ, સુહુમ તત સંપરાથં ચ રૂશા તત્તો આ અહખાયું, ખામં સવંમિ જીવલોગમિ ! જે ચરિઊણ સુવિહિઆ, વચ્ચતિ અયરામર ઠાણું ૩૩ 32-33) The 5 types of Charitras are as follows first is
Samaayik, second is Chhedopasthapniya, third is Parihaarvishuddhi, fourth is Sukshamasamparay. After that comes Yathakhyat charitra which is wellknown in this world and practising which many souls have been liberated.
NIRJARA અણસણ-મૂણોઅરિયા, વિત્તીસંખેવાં રસચ્ચાઓ I કારકિલેસો સલીણા ચ, બન્ઝો તવો હોઈ li૩૪ 34) Anshan, Unodari, Vrittisankshep, Rastyaag, Kaay
klesh, Sanleenta are Bahyatap (physical penances).
પાયશ્મિત્ત વિણઓ, વેચાવચ્ચે તહેવ સઝાઓ I ઝાણ ઉસગ્ગો વિ અ, અભિતર તવો હોઈ li૩પ 35) Prayashchitt, Vinay, Vaiyavatch, Swadhyay, Dhyaan,
Kaayotsarg are Abhyantartap (enternal penance).
BANDH બારસવિહં તવો નિર્જરા ય બધો ચઉ-વિગખો આ T પચઈ-કિઈ-અણુભાગ-૫એસ-ભેએહિં નાયબ્બો II3ઘા 36) Twelve types of penances are twelve types of
nirjara. Prakriti, Sthiti, Anubhag and Pradesh are four types of bandh.

Page #96

86
NAV-TATTVA
પચઈ સહાવો લુત્તો, ઠિઈ કાલાવહારHT અણુભાગો રસો Bઓ, પએસો દલ-સંચઓ Il3oII 37) Prakriti means nature, Sthiti means timelimit,
Anubhag means ras (power), Pradesh means
amount of particles. પડ-પડિહાર-સિ-મજ્જ, હડ-ચિત્ત-કુલાલ-ભંડગારીë I જહ એએસિં ભાવા, કમ્માણ વિ જાણ તહ ભાવા Il૩૮ 38) The nature of the eight karmas is similar to the
nature of bands, doorkeeper, sword, wine, shack
les, painter, potmaker, treasurer respectively.
ઈહ નાણ-દંસણા-વરણ, વેચ મોહાઉ નામ ગોઆણિT વિષે ચ પણ નવ દુ અવીસ ચઉ તિસર દુ પણવિહે ll૩લા 39) The Gnanavarana, Darshanavarana, Vedniya,
Mohniya, Aayushya, Naam, Gotra, and Antaraay are respectively of 5, 9, 2, 28, 4, 103, 2, 5 types.
નાણે આ દંસણાવરણ, વેચણિએ ચેવ અંતરાએ આ I તીર્સ કોડાકોડી અયરાણ કિઈ અ ઉક્કોસા II૪ll
40) The maximum timelimit of Gnanavarana, Darshan
avarana, Vedniya, Antraaya is 30 x crore x crore sagropams. સત્તરિ કોડાકોડી મોહણિએ વીસ નામગોએસુ આ તિત્તીસે અચરાઈ, આઉકિઈ બંધ ઉક્કોસા II૪૧TI 41) The maximum timelimit of Mohaniya is 70 x
crore x crore sagropams, of Naam - Gotra is 20 x crore x crore sagropams, of Aayushya is 33 sagropams.

Page #97

NAV-TATTVA
87
બારસ મુહત્ત જહન્ના, વેચણિએ અટ્ટ નામ ગોએસુ !
સેસાણંતમુહુર્ત, એયં બંધ-8િઈ-માણ કરવા 42) The minimum timelimit of Vedniya is 12 muhurats,
of Naam - Gotra is 8 muhurats and of rest is antarmuhurat. This is sthitibandh.
MOKSHA સંત-પગ-પરૂવણચા, દધ્વ-પમાણં ચ પિત્ત-કુસણા ચ |
કાલો આ અંતર ભાગ, ભાવે અખાબડું ચેવ I૪૩ 43) Moksha is to be discussed with respect to Satpad,
Dravya, Kshetra, Sparshana, Kaal, Antar, Bhag, Bhav and Alpabahutva. સંત સુદ્ધાચત્તા, વિર્જત ખકુસુમબ્ધ ન અસંત ! મુખતિ પર્ય તરસ ઉ, પરૂવણા મખ્ખણાઈહિં ૪૪ll 44) 'Moksha' is a pure word. So, Moksha exists. It isn't
nonexistent like a skyflower. Moksha is a word. It
is described with respect to marganaadwars. ગઈ ઈંદિએ આ કાએ, જોએ વેએ કસાય નાણે ચ | સંજમ દંસણ લેસા, ભવ સમે સક્તિ આહારે ૪પા
45) Gati, Indriya, Kaay, Yog, Ved, Kashay, Gnan,
Sanyam, Darshan, Leshya, Bhavya, Samyaktva,
Sangni, Aahaari - these are fourteen marganaas. નરગઈ પથિંદિ તસ ભવ, સન્નિ અહખાય ખઈઅસમને
મુખોડણાહાર કેવલ, દંસણનાણે ન એસેસુ l૪ઘા 46) Moksha can be attained from marganaas such as

Page #98

88
NAV-TATTVA
Manushyagati, Panchendriyajati, Traskaay, Bhavya, Sangni, Yathakhyaat charitra, Kshaayik samyaktva, Anaahari, Kevaldarshan, Kevalgnan, not from other marganaas.
દવ્યપમાણે સિદ્ધાણં જીવ-દવ્વાણિ હુંતિઙણંતાણિ । લોગસ્સ અસંખિજ્યું, ભાગે ઈક્કો ય સવ્વુ વિ ॥૪૦॥
47) Siddhs are infinite. One siddh and all siddhs dwell in a space measuring lok : countless. ફુસણા અહિયા કાલો, ઈગ સિદ્ધ-પડુચ્ચ સાઈઓડણંતો 1 પડિવાયાડભાવાઓ, સિદ્ધાણં અંતરં નત્યિ ||૪૮॥
48) Sparshna is more than Kshetra. Timelimit of one siddh is saadi-anant. Siddhs don't come back to mundane state, so they don't have any antar. સવ્વજિયાણમણંતે, ભાગે તે તેસિં હંસણું નાણું । ખઈએ ભાવે પરિણામિએ, અ પુણ હોઈ જીવત્ત ॥૪૯॥ 49) The siddhs are all jeevas : infinite in number. Their specific knowledge, common knowledge are imperishable and vitality is changeable.
થોવા નપુંસ સિદ્ધા, થી નર સિદ્ધા કમેણ સંખગુણા । ઇઅ મુકખતત્તમેઅં, નવતત્તા લેસઓ ભણિઆ ાપા
50) Napunsaksiddhs are less. Strisiddhs and Purushsiddhs are countable times more respectively. This is mokshatattva. Thus, nine elements have been described briefly.
જીવાઈ નવ પયત્વે, જો જાણઈ તસ્સ હોઈ સમ્મત્ત । ભાવેણ સહંતો, અચાણમાણોવિ સમ્મત્તે ॥૫॥

Page #99

NAV-TATTVA
51) One who knows nine elements has samyaktva. Inspite of lack of its knowledge, even one has faith in them, he has samyaktva.
89
સવ્વાઈં જિણેસર ભાસિઆઈં, વચણાઈં નન્નહા હુંતિ । ઈઅ બુદ્ધી જસ્ત મણે, સમ્મત્ત નિચ્ચલ તસ્સ ૫૨ા 52) 'Lord Jineshvar's words are never false' - one who has such faith in mind, has a firm samyaktva.
અંતોમહુત્ત-મિત્તપિ ફાસિઅં હજ્જ જેહિં સમ્મત્ત । તેસિં અવટ્ટ પુગ્ગલ, પરિઅડ્ડો ચેવ સંસારો [૫૩]
53) Their sansar is not more than half a pudgal paravart who have touched samyaktva even for an antarmuhurat.
ઉસ્સપ્પણી અનંતા, પુગ્ગલ-પરિયટ્ટઓ મુણેઅવ્યો । તેડણંતા-તીઅદ્ધા, અણાગયદ્ધા અણંતગુણા ૫૪॥
54) Infinite Utsarpinis make a pudgal paravart such infinite pudgal paravarts have passed away in the past. Future is infinite times greater than past. જિણઅજિણ તિત્થડતિત્થા, ગિહિ અન્ન સલિંગ થીનર નપુંસા । પત્તેય સયંબુદ્ધા, બુદ્ધબોહિય ઈક્કણિક્કા ચ ॥૫॥
55) Jin, Ajin, Tirth, Atirth, Grihiling, Anyaling, Swaling, Stri, Purush, Napunsak, Pratyekbuddh, Swayambuddh, Buddhbodhit, Ek, Anek - these are 15 types of siddhs.
જિણસિદ્ધા અરિહંતા, અજિણસિદ્ધા ય પુંડરિઅપમુહા | ગણહારિ તિત્યસિદ્ધા, અતિત્યસિદ્ધા ય મરુદેવી પા ગિહિલિંગ સિદ્ધ ભરહો, વલચીરી ય અન્નલિંગમ્મિ 1 સાહૂ સલિંગસિદ્ધા થી-સિદ્ધા ચંદણા-પમુહા ||૫||

Page #100

90
NAV-TATTVA
પંસિદ્ધા ગોચમાઈ, ગાંગેયાઈ નપુંસચા સિદ્ધાT
પચ-સચંબુદ્ધા, ભણિયા કરકંડુ-કવિલાઈ પI તહ બુદ્ધગોહિ ગુરુલોહિયા ચ ઈગસમએ એગ સિદ્ધા યT
ઈગ સમચેડવિ અખેગા, સિદ્ધા તેડણેગસિદ્ધા ચ પિતા 56-57-58-59) Arihants are Jinsiddhs, ganadhars such
as Pundrik etc. are Ajinsiddhs , Ganadhars are Tirthsiddhs, Marudeva mother is Atirthsiddh, Bharatchakravarti is Grihilingsiddh, Valkalchiri is Anyalingsiddh, Sadhus are Swalingsiddhs, Chandanbala etc. are Strilingsiddhs, Gautamswami etc. are Purushsiddhs, Gangey etc. are Napunsaksiddhs, Karkandu etc. are Pratyekbuddhsiddhs, Kapil etc. are Swayambuddhsiddhs, those who have received knowledge from guru are Buddhbodhit, a single soul liberated in a moment is Eksiddh, many
souls liberated in a moment are Aneksiddh. જઈઆઈ હોઈ પુચ્છા, જિણાણ મમ્નેમિ ઉત્તર તઈયા ! ઇક્કલ્સ નિગોચરસ, અસંતભાગો ય સિદ્ધિ-ગઓ પાકના 60) Whenever Jineshvars will be asked about the number
of liberated souls, their answer would be- 'The number of liberated souls is livingbeings of a nigod ; infinite.'
If anything has been written in opposition to
Jainism in this book by mistake, I beg pardon for it, please forgive me,
Michhami dukkadam.

Page #101

The best eternal saint, late gurudev acharyadev shreemadvijay Premsurishvarji was - 1) A practisioner of pure ascetism. 2) A protector of ascetism. 3) An executor of yog (gifting) and kshem (pro
tecting) of saints. 4) A father, grandfather and forefather of many
great saints of Jainism. 5) An idol of abandonment, penance and endur
ance. 6) A lustrous multitude of celibacy. 7) A great effort-maker to maintain peace in the
sangh. 8) Worshipped by acharyas, upadhyayas and saints. 9) A great warrior to fight peacefully against
unascetic activities, speaking opposite to
Jainism and wrong path. 10) Victorious over anger, pride, deciet and greed. 11) A scholar of Jain-agamas. 12) Everready to serve and make others serve the
child, the old, the diseased monks etc. 13) A scholar of Karma-scriptures. 14) A composer of vast Karma-literature. 15) Always aware about wakefulness of soul. 16) A possessor of the mantra 'Soul purity'. Infinite bowings in the pious feet of this great saint.

Page #102
NAVTATTVA AJEEV LLCCC2 EDD JEEV PUNYA MOKSHA PAAP BANDH AASHRAV SAMVAR NIRJARA