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________________ nandI sUtra kA vaiziSTya AcAryapravara zrI AtmArAma jI ma.sA. AcArya zrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja zrI varddhamAna zramaNa saMgha ke prathama AcArya the| Apa tIvra medhAzakti ke dhanI evaM zrutapAraMgata the| Apa jaba upAdhyAya pada ko suzobhita kara rahe the taba AcArya zrI hastImala jI mahArAja dvArA saMzodhita evaM anUdita nandIsUtra (san 1942 meM sAtArA se prakAzita) meM Apane bhUmikA likhI thii| usI bhUmikA ko yahAM saMkalita kiyA gayA hai| -sampAdaka isa anAdi saMsAracakra meM AtmA ne aneka bAra janma-maraNa kie| kintu apane svarUpa ko bhulAkara paraguNoM meM rata hone se yaha jIva duHkhoM kA hI anubhava karatA rhaa| zruta, zraddhA aura saMyama se parAGmukha hokara pudgala dravyoM ko apanAtA huA manuSya apane guNoM ko bhUla gyaa| isI se ajJAnavaza hokara vaha zArIrika va mAnasika duHkhoM kA anubhava kara rahA hai| una duHkhoM se chUTane ke lie samyag jJAna, samyag darzana, samyak cAritra kI ArAdhanA hI ekamAtra upAya hai| gaNamaya hone para bhI jJAna dravya ko maMgalamaya banA detA hai| jaise-puSpoM kI pratiSThA sugandhi se hotI hai, ThIka isI prakAra Atmadravya kI pUjA pratiSThA jJAna se hotI hai| jJAna aura nandIsUtra nandIsUtra meM paMcavidha jJAna kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ prazna yaha upasthita hotA hai ki jJAna zabda se nandI zabda kA kyA saMbaMdha hai? viSaya to isameM jJAna kA hai phira isakA nAma nandI kyoM par3a gayA? isa prazna para AcArya zrI malayagirijI ne jo prakAza DAlA hai, vaha yoM hai "atha nandiriti kaH zabdA'rthaH? ucyate-Tunadu samRddhau ityasya dhAtoH "udito nam" iti nami vihite nandanaM nandiH-pramodo harSa ityarthaH / nandi hetutvAja jJAnapaMcakAbhidhAyakamadhyayanamapi nndiH| nandanti prANino'smin veti nandiH, idameva prastutamadhyayanam / AviSTaliMgatvAccAdhyayane'pi pravartamAnasya nandizabdasya puMstvam / "iH sarvadhAtubhyaH" ityauNAdika ipratyayaH / apare tu 'nandI iti dIrghAntaM paThanti, te ca "ika kRSyAdibhyaH" iti sUtrAdikapratyayaM samAnIya strItve'pi vartayanti / saca nandizcaturdhA-nAmanandiH, sthApanAnandiH, dravyanandiH, bhAvanandizca / isa prakAra nandIsUtra kI cUrNi meM bhI likhA hai, jaise ki "sacvasutakhaMdhatAdINaM maMgalAdhikAre naMditti kttavvA-NaMdaNaM NaMdI, naMdati vA NeNa tti naMdI, naMdI-pamodo-hariso kaMdappo ityarthaH / tassa ya caviho Nikkhevo, gayAo NAmaDhavaNAo, davaNaMdI-jANago aNuvautto. ahavA-jANaga-maviya-sarIra-vatiritto bArasaviha tUrasaMghAto imo maMmA. mukuMda, maddala, kaDamba, jhallari, huDDakka kNsaalaa| kAhala, tilisA, vaMso, paNavo, saMkho ya baarsmo|| mAvaNaMdI-NadisaddovauttabhAvo, ahavA-"imaM paMcavihaNANaparUvarga Naditti ajjhynnN"| yahA~ para zrI haribhadrasUri bhI isI prakAra likhate haiN| ata: nandI zabda
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________________ 370 jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGka Anandajanaka hone ke kAraNa jJAna kA vAcaka hai, na ki sAhitya meM Ae hue nandI yA nAndI kA / bhAvanandI zabda paMcavidha jJAna kA hI bodhaka hai, ye pAMca jJAna kSayopazama vA kSAyikabhAva ke kAraNa se utpanna hote haiN| jaise - matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna va manaH paryavajJAna ye cAroM jJAna kSayopazama bhAva para nirbhara haiM, aura kevalajJAna kSAyika bhAva se utpanna hotA hai| jaba jJAnAvaraNIya karma, darzanAvaraNIya karma, mohanIya karma aura antarAya karmoM kI prakRtiyA~ kSINa ho jAtI haiM taba AtmA kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana se yukta arthAt sarvajJa aura sarvadarzI ho jAtA hai| isa nandIsUtra meM una pAMca jJAnoM kA viSaya savistara pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| yaha saMkalita hai yA racita? AcArya zrI devavAcaka kSamAzramaNa ne AgamagranthoM se maMgalarUpa paMca jJAnoM ke prarUpaka zrI nandIsUtra kA uddhAra kiyA hai, jaise ki upAdhyAya samayasundarajI likhate haiM- "ekAdazAMga gaNadharabhASita haiN| una aMgazAstroM ke AdhAra para kSamAzramaNa ne utkAlika Adi AgamoM kA uddhAra kiyA hai|'' (draSTavya, samAcArIzataka, dUsarA prakAza, AgamasthApanAdhikArapatra 77, Agamodaya samiti) nandIzAstra jina jina AgamoM se saMkalita hai, unakI carcA nIce kI jAtI hai| nandIsUtra ke mUla kI gaveSaNA karate hue prathama sthAnAMga sUtra ke dvitIya sthAna ke prathama uddezaka ke 71 veM sUtra para dRSTi jAtI hai| vahAM nandIsUtra ke liye nimnokta AdhAra milatA hai| dekheM vaha pATha"duvihe nANe paNNace, taMjahA- paccakkhe ceva, parokkhe ceva / paccakkhe nANe duvihe paM. taM. kevalanANe ceva 1. nokevalanANe veva 21 kevalanANe duvihe pa. taM. - bhavatthakevalanANe ceva, siddhakevalanANe ceva / bhavatthakevalanANe duvihe paM. ta.sajogibhavatthakevalanANe ceva, ajogibhavatthakevalanANe ceva / rAjogibhavatthakevalanANe duvihe paM. taM. - paDhamasamayasajogibhavatthakevalanANe ceva, apaDhamasamayasajogibhavatthakevalanANe ceva ahavA - carimasamayasajogibhavatthakevalanANe ceva. acarimasamayasa jogibhavatthakevalanANe ceva / evaM ajogimavatthakevalanANe vi siddhakevala nANe duvihe paM. naM. -aNaMtarasiddhakevalanANe ceva paraMparasiddhakevalanANe ceva anaMtarasiddha kevalanANe duvihe paM. taM. ekkANaMtarasiddha kevalanANe ceva, aNekkANaMtarasiddha kevalanANe ceva / " (pUrNa pATha) inake vyAkhyAstrarUpa sUtra bhI Agama meM milate haiN| anuyogadvAra sUtra meM indriyapratyakSa noindriyapratyakSa- ye donoM bheda pratyakSa jJAna ke pratipAdita kie gae haiN| avadhijJAna ke bhavapratyaya aura kSAyopazamika ye donoM bheda evaM inakI vyAkhyA bhI vistAra se milatI hai| (jIvaguNapratyakSAdhikAra ) / sthAnAMga Adi meM avadhijJAna ke cha: bheda pratipAdita kie gae haiN| ina bhedoM ke nAma aura madhyagata-antagata Adi viSaya prajJApanA sUtra (pada 33 sUtra 317) meM Ate haiN| avadhijJAna ke dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva rUpa se cAra bhedoM kA savistara varNana bhI bhagavatI sUtra zataka 8 uddezaka 2 sUtra 323 meM dekhA jAtA hai|
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________________ 371 nandIsUtra kA vaiziSTya manaH paryavajJAna ke adhikAra kA gATha nandIsUtra aura prajJApanA sUtra (pada 21 sUtra 273 ) meM samAna rUpa se hI AtA hai| bheda kevala itanA hI hai ki yaha prajJApanA sUtra meM AhAraka zarIra ke prasaMga meM varNita hai| isa sUtra meM manaH paryavajJAna ke dravya, kSetra, kAle aura bhAva rUpa se jo cAra bheda pradarzita kie gae haiM, inakA saMbaMdha bhagavatI sUtra (zataka 8, uddezaka 2 ) se milatA hai| kevalajJAna kA varNana jisa rUpa se hama yahAM pAte haiM, vaha bhI prajJApanA sUtra (pada 9 sUtra 708) se uddhRta kiyA jJAta hotA hai / dravya, kAla, bhAvarUpa se kevalajJAna ke jo cAra bheda pratipAdita kie haiM, ve bhI bhagavatI sUtra (zataka 8, uddezaka 2 ) se saMkalita haiN| kSetra, matijJAna ke viSaya kA mUla (bIjarUpa) sthAnAMga sUtra sthAna 2, uddezaka 1, sUtra 71 meM sAdhAraNa rUpa se A cukA hai, kintu usake aTThAIsa bhedoM kA varNana samavAyAMga sUtra meM milatA hai| saMbhava hai ki nandIsUtra meM matijJAna kA jo savistara varNana AyA hai, vaha kisI anya (adhunA aprApya ) jaina Agama se saMgRhIta huA ho| matijJAna ke bhI cAroM (dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva) 'bheda bhagavatI sUtra( zataka 8, uddezaka 2 ) se uddhRta kie hue jJAta hote haiN| kintu bhagavatI sUtra meM kevala 'pAsa' hai aura nandI meM 'na pAsai' aisA pATha AtA hai, zeSa pATha samAna hai| zrutajJAna kA viSaya bhI yahAM bhagavatIsUtra (zataka 25, uddezaka 3) se uddhRta kiyA gayA hai "kaivihe NaM bhaMte! gaNipiDae pa. goyamA ! duvAlasaMge gaNipiDae pa. ta. - AyAro jAva diTThavAo se kiM taM AyAro ? AyAre NaM samaNANaM NiggaMthAgaM AyAragoya. evaM aMgaparUvaNA bhaNiyavvA, jahA naMdIe jAva suttastho khalu paDhamo, bIo nijjuttimIsio bhaNio / taio ya niravaseso, esa vihI hoi aNuoge / 1 / / " ina sabake atirikta nandI sUtra ke kitane hI sthala sthAnAMga sUtra, anuyogadvArasUtra, dazAzrutaskandhasUtra Adi aneka AgamagranthoM ke kitane hI sthAnoM se milate haiN| isa prakAra kI samAnatA se yaha bAta bhalIbhAMti pramANita ho jAtI hai kiM devavAcaka kSamAzramaNa kA yaha grantha vividha AgamoM se saMkalita hai, nirmita nahIM hai| nandI sUtra kI prAmANikatA devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ne bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ke 980 varSa pazcAt arthAt 454 I. (511 vi.) meM valabhI nagarI meM sAdhusaMgha ko ekatra kiyaa| taba taka sArA Agama kaNThastha hI rakhA jAtA thA / devavAcaka kSamAzramaNa ke prayatna se sAdhu saMgha ke usa mahAn adhivezana meM sabase mahattvapUrNa kArya yaha huA ki taba taka kaNThastha cale Ate AgamoM ko sAdhuoM ne lipibaddha kara liyaa| eka sthAna para baiThakara eka hI samaya meM sAdhuo dvArA likhe hone ke kAraNa hama Aja bhI ina vibhinna aMgoM meM
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________________ 372 jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGka sAmaMjasya pA rahe haiM aura isIliye eka grantha kA prAmANya athavA nirdeza dUsare graMtha meM pAte haiN| samAcArI zataka, patra 77 meM isa viSaya ko nimna prakAra se spaSTa kiyA hai| "sAmprataM vartamAnAH paMcatvAriMzadapyAgamAH zrIdevarddhi gaNikSamA zragaNaiH zrIvIrAdazItyadhikanavazatavarSe 980 jAtena dvAdazavarSIyadurbhikSavazAt ? (jAtayA dvAdazavarSIyadurbhikSatayA ) bahutarasAdhuvyAptau bahuzrutavicchittau ca jAtAyAm, yadAhu:- "prasahya zrIjinazAsanaM rakSaNIyam, tadrakSaNaMca siddhAntAdhInam" iti bhaviSyadbhavyalokopakArAya zrutabhaktaye ca zrIsaMghA''grahAnmRtA'vaziSTa tatkAlIna ? (lika) sarvasAdhUna vallabhyAmAkArya tanmukhAd vicchinnA'vaziSTAn nyUnAdhikAn truTitA'truTitAn AgamA''lApakAn anukrameNa svamatyA sakalayya (te) pustakA''rUDhAH kRtAH / tato mUlato gaNadharabhASitAnAmapi tatsaMkalanA'nantaraM sarveSAM paMcacatvAriMzanmitAnAmapyAgamAnAM kartA zrIdevarddhigaNikSamAzramaNa eva jAtaH / taj jhApakamapIdam- 'yathA zrIbhagavatIsUtraM zrIsudharmasvAmikRtam / prajJApanAsUtraM ca vIrAt paMcatriMzadadhikatrizatamite varSe jAtaM zrIzyAmAcAryakRtam / zrI bhagavatyAM ca bahuSu sthAneSu sAkSiH ? likhitAsti- 'jahA pannavaNAe evamanyeSvapyaMGgeSu - upAGgasAkSiH ? likhitA (sAkSyaM likhitam) tadvacane tvayA upayogo deyaH / " isa kathana se yaha bhalIbhAMti siddha ho gayA ki devarddhigaNa kSamAzramaNa saMkalayitA the| eka Agama meM dUsare Agama ke nirdeza kA kAraNa bhI isI se samajha meM A jAtA hai| nandIsUtra kA nirdeza anya AgamoM meM milatA haijahA naMdIe(bhagavatI sUtra zataka 8 uddezaka 2, sUtra 323) / jahA naMdIe (bhagavatIsUtra zataka 8, uddezaka 2, sUtra 323) / jahA naMdIe (samavAyAMga, samavAya 88 ) / jahA naMdIe (rAjapraznIya, patra 305) / isa prakAra anyAnya AgamoM meM bhI nandIsUtra kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| isase nandIsUtra kI pUrNa prAmANikatA va prAcInatA siddha hotI hai| nandI sUtra meM avataraNanirdeza kI zailI AgamoM kI prAcIna zailI se patA calatA hai ki prastuta Agama kA prastuta Agama meM bhI nirdeza kiyA jAtA thA, jaise ki samavAyAMga sUtra meM dvAdazAMga ke varNana prasaMga meM khuda samavAyAMga kA bhI nAma AyA hai| aise hI vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra meM dvAdazAMga kA ullekha karate samaya khuda vyAkhyAprajJapti kA bhI nAma AyA hai| yahI krama anya AgamoM meM bhI milatA hai| yaha prAcIna paramparA vedo meM bhI pAI jAtI hai, jaise ki " suparNo'si garutmA~ srivRtte ziroM gAyatraM cakSurbRhadrathantare pakSau stoma AtmA chandAsyaMgAni yajUMSi nAma" (yajurveda adhyAya 12, mantra 4 ) isI prAcIna zailI ko nandIsUtra meM bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| ataeva utkAlika sUtra kI gaNanA meM nandI sUtra kA nAma milatA hai| azrutanizritajJAna kI vizeSatA gatijJAna ke zrutanizrita aura azrunanizrita ye do bheda pratipAdita kiye gae haiN| zrutanizrita kA jo viSaya nandIsUtra meM pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai vaha
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________________ ...... 373 | nandIsUtra kA vaiziSTya .. anya AgamoM meM vidyamAna hai| kin azrutanizrita ke viSaya meM jo gAthAyeM yahAM dI gaI haiM, ve anyatra nahIM miltii| saMbhava hai devavAcaka kSamAzramaNa ne udAharaNa ke rUpa meM ina gAthAoM kA nirmANa svayaM kiyA ho| nandI ko sUtra kahanA sArthaka sthAnAMga sUtra ke dvitIya sthAna prathama uddezaka meM zrutajJAna ke do bheda kiye gae haiM, jaise ki aMgapraviSTazruta aura aNgbaahaashrut| aMgabAhA ke bhI Avazyaka aura Avazyakavyatirikta aise do bheda kiye gae haiN| Avazyakavyatirikta ke bhI kAlika tathA utkAlika ye do bheda kiye gae haiN| devavacAka kSamAzramaNa ne sthAnAMgasUtra aura vyavahAra sUtra meM Ae hue AgamoM ke nAma tathA unake apane samaya meM jo Agama vidyamAna the unameM jo kAlikazruta ke antargata the unakA vaisA nirdeza kara diyA aura jo utkAlika zruta the, unheM utkAlika nirdiSTa kara diyA, jaise ki cAra mUlasUtroM meM se uttarAdhyayana sUtra kAlika hai aura dazavakAlika, nandI, anuyogadvAra ye tInoM sUtra utkAlika haiN| isI prakAra upAMga Adi sUtroM ke saMbaMdha meM bhI samajha lenA caahie| nandIsUtra meM anukramaNikA aMza gauNa hai, sUtra aMza hI pradhAna hai, ata: isakA sUtra nAma hI sArthaka hai| akSara Adi 14 zruta kA AdhAra kahAM se liyA?-- nandIsUtra meM zrutajJAna ke 14 bheda varNita haiM, jaise ki___ "se ki taM suyanANaparokvaM? suyanANaparokkhaM coddasavihaM pannataM, taMjahAakkharasuyaM 1 aNakkharasuyaM 2 sapiNasuyaM 3 asaNNisuyaM 4 sammasuyaM 5 micchasuyaM 6 sAiyaM 7 aNAiyaM 8 sapajjavasiyaM 9 apajjavasiyaM 10 gamiyaM 11 agamiya 12 aMgapaviThTha 13 aNaMgapaviGa141" yaha prasaMga bhagavatIsUtra (patra 806, sUtra 732) se liyA gayA hai| vahA~ para nandIsUtra kI antima gAthA paryanta kA nirdeza hai| nandIsUtra kI antimagAthA 90 vo gAthA hai| kintu zrutajJAna ke caturdaza bhedoM kA jo varNana vistArapUrvaka pahale A cukA hai, usakA puna: saMkSepa se 86 vIM gAthA meM varNana kiyA gayA hai, jaise ki "akkhara, sannI. samma, sAiyaM, khalu sapajjavasiyaM ca / gamiyaM aMgapaviTTha, satta vi ee spddivkkhaa||" ___ anta meM niSkarSa yaha nikalA ki akSarazruta anakSarazruta Adi viSaya bhI AgamabAhya nahIM haiN| mArata-rAmAyaNa Adi kA ullekha zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ke samaya meM gaNadharoM ne sUtrarUpa se dvAdazAMgI kI racanA kii| unake samaya meM bhArata, rAmAyaNa Adi grantha vidyamAna the, ata: unakA nAma AnA asaMgata nahIM hai| pazcAt devavAcaka kSamAzramaNa ne bhArata aura rAmAyaNa ke sAtha anya zAstroM kA bhI ullekha apane nandIsUtra meM kara diyA, jaise ki koDilla (kauTilya cANakya) aadi| (nandIsUtra,
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________________ | 374 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka mizyAzrutAdhikAra) nandIsUtra ke adhyayana kI viziSTatA nandIsUtra meM pAMca jJAnoM kA vistRta svarUpa pratipATita kiyA gayA hai| kAraNa ki ''paTamaM nANaM tao TayA' arthAt dayA kI apekSA jJAna kA mahatva adhika hai, isalie nandIsUtra kA adhyayana anyanna Avazyaka hai| aMgasUtroM se prAya: uddhana kara, saMkalayitaH zrI devavAcaka kSamAzramaNa ne isako utkAlika sUtroM ke antarbhUta kara diyA, jisase kevala anadhyAya ko chor3akara sadaiva isakA svAdhyAya kiyA jA sakatA hai| jJAna kaH pratipAdaka hone se isakA mAMgalika honA bhI svata: siddha hai| jJAna kI ArAdhanA se jaba nirvANapada kI bhI prApti ho sakatI hai to phira aura vastuoM kA to kahanA hI kyA? isa bAta kA sAkSya bhagavatIsUtra (zataka 8 uddezaka 10 sUtra 375) meM hai-. "ukkosiyaM NaM bhaMte! NANArAhaNaM ArAhettA katihiM bhavamgahaNehiM sijhaMti jAva aMta kareMti? goyamA! atthegaie teNeva bhavaggahaNeNa sijhaMti jAva aMta kreNti| atthegaie do cceNaM bhavaggahaNeNaM sijhaMti jAva aMta kareMti, atthe gaie kappovaesu vA kappAtIesu vA uvvjjti| ___ majjhimiyaM NaM bhaMte! NANArAhaNaM ArAhettA katihiM bhavaggahaNehiM sijhaMti kareMti. taghyaM puNa bhavaggahaNaM naaikkmi| jahanniyaNNaM bhaMte! NANArAhaNaM ArAhettA katihiM bhavaggahaNehiM sijhaMti, jAva aMtaM kareMti? goyamA! atthegaie tacceNa bhavaggahaNeNa sijjhai jAva ataM karei, sattaTTha gavaggahaNAI puNa nAikkamai / ' arthAt jaghanya samyagjJAna kI ArAdhanA se bhI jIva adhika se adhika 7-8 bhava karake siddha ho sakatA hai| isase jJAnamaya nandIsUtra kI viziSTatA sahaja jJAna ho sakatI hai|