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________________ AcArya haribhadrasUrikRta mallinAhacariyuM aMtargata avAMtarakathAo salonI joSI prAkRta sAhityamAM caritrakAvyanI sudIrdha paraMparA jovA maLe che. tIrthakaronAM caritro alakApuruSacaritra aMtargata temaja svataMtra rIte lakhAyelAM paNa maLe che. 19mA tIrthaMkara mallinAtha para aneka saMskRta-prAkRta kAvyo racAyAM che. kumArapALanA maMtrI pRthvIpAlanA anurodhathI vaDagacchIya zrIcaMdrasUrinA ziSya haribhadrasUrie 24 tIrthakaronAM caritranI racanA karI hatI. hAla temAMthI kevaLa cAra caritrakAvyo upalabdha che, ajiyanAha cariyuM (20 saM. 1206), mallinAcariyuM, neminAcariu (20 saM1216) (apabhraMza), ane caMdauhacariyuM (le. saM. 1223). sandarbhagata mallinAthacaritra aprakAzita (graMthAgra 9000) che : te traNa prastAvamAM vibhAjita che. prathama prastAvamAM mallinAthanA pUrvabhavanI sAthe cha avAMtara kathAono samAveza karavAmAM Avyo che; bIjA prastAvamAM mallinAthanA janmanuM varNana, cha rAjAone pratibodha, ane mallinAthanA dIkSAnA prasaMganuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. A prastAvamAM mAtra eka ja avAMtara kathA vistRta rUpe ApavAmAM AvI che; jyAre trIjo prastAva samagratayA avAMtarakathAothI chavAyelo che. temAM ATha avAntarakathAo tema ja mallinAthanA kevaLajJAna prApti tema ja nirvANanA prasaMgo varNavAyA che. mallinAthacaritramAM prApta avAMtara kathAo nIce mujaba che : 1, dAnaviSaye jayazekhara kathA 2. zIlaviSaye vimalasuMdarI kathA 3. tapaviSaye jayazrI kathA 4. bhAvanAviSaye matisuMdarI kathA (citrakAra dArikA kathA) 5. vinayaviSaye kulavadhunaka kathA 6. kAmabhogatyAgaviSaye anaMgasena, pradyotarAya kathA 7. dehasauMdaryanI kSaNabhaMguratA viSaye rAjahaMsakathA 8. dharmakAryamAM udyata thavA mATe bodharUpa sanakumAracaritra 9. dharmakAryathI prApta thatA lAbhaviSaye samaraketucaritra 10. kRtajJatAviSaye siMhakathA 11. kRtaghnatAviSaye sukumArikA kathA 12. dharmakArya arthe bodharUpa vIrasena-kusumazrI kathA 13. pUrvajanmakata puNyathI thatI prApti viSaye naravikramanArezvara kathA 14, bhAvanApUrvaka karavAmAM AvatAM dharmakAryaviSaye nami pratyekabuddhacaritra ane 15. samyakta viSaye sumatisaciva kathA.
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________________ 40 salonI joSI Nirgrantha A prakAranAM kAvyono mukhya hetu kathAnA mAdhyamathI janasamAjane dharma prati AkarSita karavAno che. dharmopadeza sAthe bodhaprada naitika kathAo gUMthavAmAM AvatI hovAthI lokajIvanane unnata ane cAritryazIla banAvavAmAM tema ja naitika zikSA pradAna karavAmAM sahAyatA maLe che. mallinAthacaritranI avAMtarakathAonA AdhArasrotane traNa vibhAgamAM vaheMcI zakAya : (1) Agama tathA niryukti, cUrNi, ane TIkA sAhitya; (2) Agametara jaina sAhitya; ane (3) anya ziSTa tema ja lokakathAsAhitya. Agamika sAhityamAM prApta kathAo : bhAvanA viSayaka mAtisuMdarI(citrakAradArikA)nI kathA prathama prastAvamAM che, jeno ullekha AvazyakacUrNi (prAya: I. sa. 675), uttarAdhyayana sukhabodhATIkA' (I. sa. 1090 pahelAM), ane jayasiMhasUrikRta dharmopadezamAlA vivaraNa (rasaMta 925I. sa. 859)mAM maLe che. paraMtu tenI aMtargata AvatI kathAo bhinna bhinna prakAranI che. A ja kathA zrIcaMdrakRta kahakosu (apabhraMza) (20 saMlagabhaga 1127I. sa1071) tathA hariSeNAcArya kRta bRhatkathAkoSa6 (20 saM989I. sa. 933)mAM buddhimaticitrakAra dArikAnA svarUpe maLe che; paraMtu tenA nirUpaNamAM thoDI bhinnatA jovA maLe che. AmAM kathA aMtargata laghu avAMtarakathA ApavAmAM AvI nathI. kAmabhoga-tyAga-viSayaka anaMgasena ane pradyotarAyanI kathA AvazyakacUrNi tathA bhagavAna mahAvIranA caritranI paraMparAmAM prApta thAya che. mallinAthacaritramAM AvazyakacUrNinI kathAnuM anusaraNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. kathAonI sAthe sAthe ahIM saMkSipta caritro paNa udAharaNa svarUpe nirUpAyAM che. dharmakAryamAM pravRtta thavA viSayaka bodhaprada "sanakumAracaritra" Agametara sAhityamAM pracura pramANamAM nirUpAyuM che. "pratyekabuddha nami rAjarSicaritra" bhAvanApUrvaka karAyela dharmakAryanA udAharaNarUpe AlekhAyuM che. jeno ullekha sUtrakRtAMgacUrNi, AvazyakacUrNi, Avazyaka bhASyaY, uttarAdhyayana niryukti", uttarAdhyayanacUrNi, tema ja AkhyAnakamaNikoSavRtti(I. sa. 1133)mAM maLe che. AgAmetara sAhityamAM prApyakathAo : bIjA prastAvamAM dehasauMdaryanI kSaNabhaMguratA darzAvatI rAjahaMsa kathA maLe che. teno AdhAra AkhyAnakamaNikoSavRtti che. jinadharmapratibodha81mAM A kathA kundakathAnakane nAme maLe che. saMbhavata: A ja rAjahaMsa kathAnA mukhya kathAghaTakanA AdhAre "sirisirivAlakahAlanI racanA thaI hoya. A zrIpAla kathAnA AdhAre saMskRta, prAkRta, ane madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM aneka racanAo thaI che. trIjA prastAvamAM nirUpAyela "samaraketucaritra" aMtargata daSTAMtarUpe ratnazikha kathAnaka AlekhAyuM che. A kathAnaka sarvaprathama puhaIcaMda cariyuM (20 saM1161/I. sa. 1105)mAM maLe che. munisuMdarakata upadezapada sukhasaMbodhinIvRtti 2 (20 saM. 1174I. sa. 1118)mAM paNa A kathA maLe che. kRtajJatAnA dRSTAMta rUpe apAyela sukumArikA kathA dharmopadezamAlA vivaraNa mAM "madanAturatAmAM sukumArikA kathA'mAM maLe che. AkhyAnakamaNikoSavRttimAM, bRhatkathAkoSa4mAM "paMgulamAM Asakta strI devarAti tathA kahakosumAM nArIdoSa para devaratinI kathA'nA rUpamAM maLe che. saMvegaraMgazAlA (20 saM. 1203 ke 120 I. sa. 1147 ke 1151) paMcataMtramAM saMkSiptarUpe A kathA maLe che. culapadmajAtaka 27/1mAM paNa
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________________ vol. II - 1996 AcArya haribhadrasUriSkRta mallinAhacariyuM... 41 A prakAranI kathA maLe che. tema ja kRtaghnatA viSayaka anya siMha kathAnaka vardhamAnasUriSkRta jugAI jiNida cariyuM (20 saM. 1160/I saM. 1104)mAM vaidyaputra kathAnaka rUpe ane paMcataMtramAM saMkSipta rUpe maLe che. pUrvajanmakRta karmathI thatI prAptiviSayaka ''naravikrama narezvara kathA" trIjA prastAvamAM maLe che. sarvaprathama A kathA guNacaMdrakRta mahAvIracariyuM (20 saM 1139/I saM. 1083)mAM vistArathI maLe che. AkhyAnakamaNikoSavRttimAM paNa maLe che. mallinAtharitramAM AkhyAnakamaNikoSavRttinuM anusaraNa prApta thAya che. baMnemAM kathA aMtargata AvatA praznottarI-kAvyagoSThinA prasaMganuM nirUpaNa prApta thAya che. alabatta praznottara baMnemAM samAna jovA maLatA nathI. paravartI saMskRta-prAkRta sAhityamAM paNa A kathA maLe che. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM A kathAnuM rUpAMtara caMdanamalayagirikathAnA svarUpe maLe che. anya sAhitya temaja lokasAhityamAM prApta kathAo upara nirdezelI kathAo sivAya anya ATha kathAono samAveza paNa mallinAthaciratramAM karAyo che. A kathAonI racanA lokapracalita kathAghaTakonA AdhAre karavAmAM AvI che, jenuM yathAtatha nirUpaNa pUrvavartI graMthomAM upalabdha thatuM nathI. zIviSayaka ''vimalasuMdarIkathA" saMbhavataH A prakAranI zIlaviSayaka prApya kathAparaMparAnA AdhArarUpa che, je somaprabhAcArya sUriSkRta kumArapALapratibodha (20 saM 1241I saM 1185) aMtargata tema ja zIlopadezamAlAbALAvabodhamAM upalabdha thAya che. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM paNa A kathAno prabhAva jovA maLe che. jayavaMtasUrikRta zRMgAramaMjarI" (20 saM. 1614I saM 1558)mAM A kathAnuM rUpAMtara prApta thAya che. dharmathI manuSya badhuM ja pAme che tenA udAharaNa rUpe nirUpita 'samaraketuritra" svataMtra kRtinI kSamatA dharAve che. pracalita kathAghaTakonA AdhAre kavie eka navI ja kathAnI racanA karI che. mallinAthacaritramAM AvatI avAntarakathAomAM A sauthI lAMbI kathA che : (lagabhaga 1800 gAthA). AmAM mukhyatve samaraketunAM parAkrama ane pariNayanI vAta gUMthAI che. samaraketunA traNa rAjakumArIo sAthe vivAha, viyoga, ane milananI vAta nirUpAI che. vaLI samaraketunA be pUrva bhavonuM Alekhana paNa karAyuM che. vIrasena-kusumazrI kathAnuM nirUpaNa paNa keTaleka aMze vistRta rUpe thayuM che. kutUhala, nATakIyatA, karuNatA, viyoga, milana tathA AzcaryakAraka tattvothI bharapUra A kathA rocaka ane lokapriya banI che. phalataH madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM A kathAnuM AlaMbana laI kathA racAI che : jemake kusumazrI vIrasena kathA p. mallinAthacaritramAM vistRta ane laghu baMne prakAranI kathAo maLe che. A avAMtara kathAonuM vargIkaraNa bIjI rIte paNa karI zakAya. jemake, pUrNakathA, khaMDakathA, ane kathAMza, je kathAmAM nAyakanuM janmathI mAMDI aMtima lakSyaprApti sudhInuM nirUpaNa karavAmAM AvyuM hoya tene pUrNakathA kahe che. temAM kyAreka pUrvajanma vRttAMtano samAveza paNa karavAmAM Ave che. ''kulavardhanakakathA," '"rAjahaMsakathA," "samaraketucaritra," ''sanakumAra caritra," 'vIrasena kusumazrI kathA", "naravikrama narezvara kathA", '"namirAjarSi kathA" vagereno samAveza A prakAramAM karI zakAya. je kathAomAM nAyakanA jIvananA AMzika vRttAMtanuM nirUpaNa karavAmAM AvyuM hoya tene khaMDakathA kahI zakAya; jemake ''anaMgasena, pradyotarAya kathA', ''sukumArikAkA" ane ''sumatisacivakathA." kathAnAyakanA jIvananI ekAda ghaTanAne saMkSipta rUpe dRSTAMta tarIke prayojAyelI jovA maLe tevI kathAone kathAMzanA vargamAM mUkI zakAya; jemake ''jayazekhara kathA", 'jayazrI kathA', ''matisuMdarI kathA", ''vimalasuMdarI kathA'', ''siMha kathA ''
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________________ 42 salonI joSI Nirgrantha A kathAomAM dareka prakAranAM pAtronuM nirUpaNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. jemake, manuSya, deva, yakSa, vyaMtara ane tiryaca. ahIM camatkArika, atimAnavIya, ane daivItattvanuM nirUpaNa vizeSa rUpe jovA maLe che. sAmAnya rIte A prakAranA kathAgraMtha-caritragraMthamAM caturvidha dharma - dAna, zIla, tapa, bhAvanA - nI kathAonI sAthe sAthe zrAvakanA bAra vrataviSayaka kathAonuM nirUpaNa karavAmAM Ave che. ahIM caturvidharma para daSTAMtakathA maLe che paraMtu zrAvakanA dvAdazavidha vrataviSayaka kathAo maLatI nathI. ahIM e ullekhanIya che ke A haribhadrasUri racita adyApi aprakAzita ajiyanAcariyaMmAM dvAdazavidha vrataviSayaka kathAo maLe che. anya noMdhanIya bAbata e che ke ""samaraketu caritra" ajiyanAhacariyaMmAM zabdazaH maLe che. te ja rIte dAna, zIla, tapa, bhAvanA tema ja samyakta viSayaka dRSTAMta kathAo caMdakheMhacariyamAM zabdazaH maLe che. sanakumAra caritra"nuM Alekhana kavie potAnI ja kRti neminAhacaripha(apabhraMza)mAM karyuM che. A avAMtara kathAomAMthI pAMca kathAo AkhyAnakamaNikoSavRttimAM prApta thAya che, jenI racanA kartAnA guru zrIcaMdrasUrinA gurubhrAtA zrIAmradevasUrie karI che. A kathAomAMthI "siMha ane sukumArikA kathA" saMskRta bhASAmAM nibaddha che. "naravikrama narezvarakathA'mAM prathama caraNa saMskRtamAM ane dvitIya caraNa prAkRtamAM ema maNipravAla zailI prayojAI che. A avAMtara kathAonI bhASA samAcabaddha hovA chatAM saraLa ane pravAhI che. alaMkArono viniyoga sucAru rUpe thayo che. prakRti ane pAtronuM varNana vistRta ane vizada rUpe karavAmAM AvyuM che. kahevato ane subhASitono prayoga yathocita sthAne karAyo che. A kathAonuM paryAvasAna pAtro dvArA aMtataH dIkSAgrahaNa karavAmAM ke dharmakAryamAM pravRtta thavAne kAraNe A dharmakathAo che. A kathAomAM prarUpita upadeza kathArasamAM vyavadhAnarUpa banato nathI. samagratayA joIe to A kathAo AsvAdya che. saMdarbha graMtho : 1, jinaratnakoza saMpA. eca. DI. velaNA kara. Bhandarkar Institute for Oriental Research pUnA 1944, pR. 302. 2. caMdauhacariyuM (aprakAzita tADapatrIya prata, hemacaMdrAcArya jaina jJAnabhaMDAra, pATaNa). cauvIsai jiNa-puMgava-sucariya-rayaNAbhirAma-siMgAro / pakSo vaLe -teNI nAmo bhisUritti patra 2632. 3. neminAha cari haribhadrasUri, saMpA. madhusUdana modI ane cUta bhAyANI, lA. da. graMthamALA 33, amadAvAda 1974. 4, AvazyacUrNi, jinadAsagaNi, RSabhadAsa kesarImala peDhI, ratalAma 1929, navama adhyayana, pR. 145. 5. uttarAdhyayana sukhabodhAvRtti, nemicandrAcArya, saMpA. vijayaumaMgasUri, puSpacaMdra khemarAja, AtmavallabhagraMthAMka-12. vaLAda 1937. pR0 141. 6. dharmopadezamAlA vivaraNa, jayasiMhasUri, saMpA, lAlacaMdra bhagavAnadAsa gAMdhI, siMdhI, jaina graMthamAlA, kanyAMka 28, muMbaI 1949, pR. 137. 7. kahakosu zrIcaMdrasUri, saMpA. eca. ela. jaina, prAkRta anya pariSada graMthAMka-13. amadAvAda 1969, saMdhi 5, kaDavaka 5-10, pR. 51-53.
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________________ Vol. IT - 1996 AcArya haribhadrasUrikRta mallinAcariyuM.. 43 8. bRhatkathAkoSa, hariNAcArya, saMpA. e. ena. upAdhyuM. siMghI jaina graMthamAlA-17, muMbaI 1943. kathAnaka kramAMka 14, pR. 28. 9, AvazyakacUrNi, pR. 397. 10. mahAvIracariyuM, guNacandra. ke. lA. pustakoddhAra phaMDa, muMbaI saM1985 (I. sa. 1929), aSTama prastAva pR. 272. 11. "saNatukumAracarila" (neminAhacarila aMtargata), haribhadrasUri, saMpA. I cUka bhAyANI, maci. modI. lA. da. graMthamALA-42, amadAvAda 1974. pR0 4-5. 12. sUtrakRtAMgacUrNi, jinadAsagaNi, RSabhadAsa kesarImala peDhI, ratalAma 1941, pR. 120. 13. AvazyakacUrNi, bhAga-2, pR. 200-8. 14. AvazyakabhASya, vijayadAnasUri sIrIjha, surata 1939, gAthA 208-214. 15. uttarAdhyayana niryukti, bhadrabAhu svAmI, zAntAcArya vihita ziSyahitaiSaNavRtti. de, lA. jainapustakoddhAraphaMDa graMthAMka 33. muMbaI 1916, gAthA-264; pR. 299. 16. uttarAdhyayanacUrNi, jinadAsagali. RSabhadeva kesarImala peDhI, ratalAma 1933 pR. 177. 17. AkhyAnakamaNikozavRtti, A pradevasUri, saMpA. muni puNyavijayajI. prAkRtagranthapariSada graMthAMka 5, vArANasI 1962. pR0 278-284. 18. AkhyAnakamaNikAzavRtti, pR 155-160. 18/1. kumArapAla pratibodha, somaprabhAcArya, saMpA. jinavijaya, Vol. XIV baroDA 1920, prastAva-2. pR. 42-47, 19. sirisirilAlacarita, ratnazekharasUri, saMpA. candrasAgaragaNi. Anandacandra granthAlpI navama graMtharatna, 1948. 20. puhaicaMdacariyuM, zAntisUri, saMpA. maNikavijaya. prAkRtagranthapariSada graMthAMka-16, vArANasI 1972. pR. 89 102, 21. upadezapadasukhasaMbodhanI vRtti, municandrasUri. saMzo. pratApavijayagaNi, mukti kamala jainamohanamAlA, vaDodarA 1925, pR. 420-431, gAthAkramAMka 1031-36. 22. dharmopadezamAlA vivaraNa, pR 198-199. 23. AkhyAnakamaNikozavRtti, pR. 186-187. 24. bRhatkathAkoSa, pR. 210. 25. kahakosu saMdhi 34, kaDavaka 8-10, pR. 345-346. 26. saMgaraMgazALA mahAgranthano gujarAtI anuvAda, anu. vijayabhadrakarasUri, vijayaaNasura moTogara7, sANaMda 1976, pR. 246, gAthA 442 1-4430. 27. paMcataMtra, viSNuzarmA; saMpA. nArAyaNarAma AcArya, nirNayasAgarapresa, muMbaI 1950, pR. 291. labdhapraNAzam strIjAtyavizvAse brAhmaNIpaMgu kathA. 27 / 1. jAtaka, bhadanta Ananda kauzalyAyana, hindI sAhitya saMmelana, prayAga 1958. dvitIyakhaMDa, jAtakakramAMka-13, pR. 299. 28. jugAI jisiMdacariyuM, vardhamAnasUri, saMpArUpendrakumAra pagAriyA, lA. da. graMthamALA-104, amadAvAda 1987. vez2apura kahANa", pR 18-19 29. paMcataMtra, pR. 321. mafkSatAm aMtargata sAmAnyabuddhizUnyatve siMhasaMjIvakabrAhmaNa kathA.
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________________ 44 Nirgrantha 30. mahAvIracariyuM, caturtha prastAva. 31. AkhyAnakamaNikozavRtti, pR0 289-304. 32. kumArapAla pratibodha, saMpAta jinavijaya, G.0.s. Vol. XIV, Baroda 1920 - prastAva-3, prakaraNa 7, pR. 224. 33. zIlopadezamAlAbAlAvabodha, merusundaramaNi, saMpA. I. cUTa bhAyANI ane anya, lAda. bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira, amadAvAda 1980, pR. 128-31. 34. zRMgAramaMjarI, jayavaMtasUri, saMpA. kanubhAI zeTha. (lAda. graMthamALA-65), amadAvAda 1978, pR. 66; pR 152 155 35. kusumazrI rAsa, gaMgavijayajI, saMpAi jIvaNacaMda jhaverI. muMbaI 1913.