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________________ 000000000066555 mahimAmayI nArI - * -mahAsatI zrI umarAvakuMvara 'arcanA' "yatra nAryastu pUjyaMte ramante tatra devtaaH|" isa choTe se zlokAMza se hamArI Aja kI bAta zurU hotI hai| isameM kahA gayA hai ki jahA~ striyA~ pUjanIya dRSTi se dekhI jAtI haiM, vahA~ devatA bhI AnandapUrvaka krIr3A karate haiN| itihAsa bhI isa bAta kI sAkSI detA hai ki nArI nara kI sabase bar3I zakti rahI hai| nArI ke bala para hI vaha apane nirdiSTa patha para bar3hatA calA gayA hai aura anekAneka vipattiyoM kA mukAbilA karatA rahA hai| manuSya ko sacce arthoM meM manuSya banAne kA zreya nArI jAti ko hI hai| anekAneka mahApuruSa hue haiM jo nArI ke sahaja va svAbhAvika guNoM se preraNA pAkara apane patha para agrasara ho sake haiN| isaliye sadA se mAnava nArI kA kRtajJa rahA hai aura use zraddhApUrNa dRSTi se dekhatA rahA hai| jayazaMkara prasAda ne isa yuga meM bhI yahI kahA hai - nArI tuma kevala zraddhA ho, vizvAsa racata naga pagatala meN| pIyUSa srota sI bahA karo, jIvana ke sundara samatala meN| nArI ne tyAga, prema, udAratA, sahiSNutA, vIratA tathA sevA Adi apane aneka guNoM se mAnava ko abhibhUta kiyA hai, use vinAza ke mArga para jAne se rokA hai| vaha chAyA kI taraha puruSa ke jIvana meM saMginI banakara rahI hai| putrI, bahana, patnI tathA mAtA banakara usane apane pAvana kartavyoM ko nibhAyA hai| isaliye bar3e Adara yukta zabdoM meM usake liye kahA hai - kAryeSu mantrI, karaNeSu dAsI, ___ bhojyeSu mAtA, zayaneSu rmbhaa| dharmAnukUlA, kSamayA dharitrI, bhAryA ca SaDguNyavatI su durlbhaa|| arthAt pratyeka kArya meM mantrI ke samAna salAha dene vAlI, sevAdi meM dAsI ke samAna kArya karane vAlI, bhojana karAne meM mAtA ke samAna, zayana ke samaya rambhA ke sadRza sukha dene vAlI, dharma ke anukUla tathA kSamA guNa ko dhAraNa karane meM pRthvI ke samAna, ina chaha guNoM se yukta patnI durlabha hotI hai| jo nArI ina guNoM se alaMkRta hotI hai vaha apane pitRkula tathA zvasurakula donoM ko hI svargatulya banA detI hai| Ananda va vaibhava kA usa gRha meM sAmrAjya hotA hai| aise hI gRhoM meM devatAoM kA nivAsa mAnA jAtA hai| (27)
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________________ prAcInaka kAla meM, jise hama vaidika kAla bhI kahate haiM, nAriyoM kA sthAna bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa tathA Adarayukta thA / gArgI, maitreyI tathA lopAmudrA jaisI aneka viduSI nAriyA~ huI haiM jinhoMne vedoM kI RcAe~ bhI likhI haiN| hamAre jaina zAstroM meM bhI aneka viduSI satiyoM ke nAma va kathAnaka prApta hote haiN| mahasatI sItA, candanabAlA, brAhmI tathA sundarI Adi solaha satiyA~ to huI hI haiM, jinake nAma ko tathA guNoM ko hama Aja bhI pratidina prabhAta meM yAda karate haiN| maitreyI saMsAra ko ghRNA kI dRSTi se dekhatI thii| jaba yAjJavalkya apanI viduSI sahadharmiNI maitreyI ko saba kucha dekara vana jAne ko prastuta hue taba patiparAyaNA maitreyI bolI- agara aizvarya se bharI huI pRthvI mila jAegI to kyA maiM amara ho jAU~gI ? yAjJavalkya ne uttara diyA- dhana se tuma amara nahIM ho sakogI para sukhI ho jaaogii| maitreyI ne kaha diyA jisase maiM amara nahIM ho sakUMgI use lekara kyA karU~gI ? kitanI gambhIra dArzanikatA se usane jIvana kI ora tathA vaibhava kI ora dRSTipAta kiyA thA ? chAyA ke samAna rAma kA anusaraNa karane vAlI sItA ne binA rAma kI sahAyatA ke hI karttavya nirdiSTa kara liyA thA / vana gamana ke sAre klezoM ko sahane ke liye svayaM taiyAra gaI thii| kintu akAraNa hI pati dvArA nirvAsita kI jAne para bhI usane apane dhairya ko nahIM chodd'aa| usakA sArA jIvana hI sAkAra sAhasa hai, jisa para dainya kI chAyA kabhI nahIM par3I / nArI sAkSAta preraNA hai| vaiSNava rAmAyaNa ke anusAra urmilA - jisane karttavya patha para Age bar3hate hue apane priyatama lakSmaNa ko nahIM rokA tathA caudaha varSoM taka kaThina viyoga sahana kiyaa| urmilA kA yaha tyAga tathA usakI sahiSNutA Aja saMsAra meM amara hai / buddha ke dvArA parityaktA yazodharA ne apUrva sAhasa dvArA kartavya patha khojaa| apane putra ko parivardhita kiyA aura anta meM siddhArtha ke prabuddha hokara lauTane para kartavya kI garimA se guru banakara usake sAmane gaI / dIna, hIna banakara athavA praNaya kI yAcikA banakara nahIM / satI candanabAlA ne aneka parISaha sahe / usakI Atma-zakti va teja ke pratApa se lohe kI hathakar3iyA~ bhI TUTakara bikhara gaI aura vaha deva pUjya bana gii| mahApativratA satI subhadrA kA nAma bhI Aja itihAsa meM svarNAkSaroM se aMkita hai| prAcIna kAla meM nAriyA~ samAja meM hIna nahIM samajhI jAtI thiiN| puruSoM ke samAna hI unheM suvidhAe~ milatI thiiN| unheM sacce rUpa meM ardhAMginI mAnA jAtA thA / usa samaya ke bhArata meM jitane Adarza svarUpa devI-devatAoM kI mAnyatA thI, unameM strI rUpa kA mahattva adhika thaa| vidyA kI devI sarasvatI, dhana kI devI lakSmI, saundarya kI rati tathA pavitratA kI pratIka gaMgA thii| zakti ke liye mahAkAlI durgA tathA pArvatI devI kI bhI upAsanA kI jAtI thii| vartamAna meM bhI vidyA ke liye sarasvatI kI, sampatti kI kAmanA hone para lakSmI kI tathA zakti ke liye kAlI kI upAsanA kI jAtI hai| yahA~ taka ki pazuoM meM bhI baila kI nahIM, gAya kI pUjA hotI hai| mahApuruSoM ke nAmoM meM prathama striyoM ke hI nAma milate haiM yathA sItA-rAma, rAdhA-kRSNa, gaurii-shNkr| isa sabase yahI pratIta hotA hai ki mahimAmayI nArI manuSya ke jIvana kA cahu~mukhI kavaca hai, jisake kAraNa kaThinAiyA~, duHkha, parezAniyA~ puruSa taka nahIM pahu~ca pAtIM, jaba taka ki vaha vidyamAna (28)
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________________ usa kAla meM nAriyoM kA Atmika vikAsa bhI bahuta U~cA thaa| sAmAjika, dhArmika va rAjanaitika kSetra meM striyoM ko samAna adhikAra thaa| apanI vidvattA evaM pratibhA ke saMskAra apanI santAna para aMkita kara ve unheM pUrNa guNavAna tathA nIti mAna banA detI thii| dharmaparAyaNA satI sAdhvI tathA AtmavizvAsa se paripUrNa nAriyoM kA manobala itanA dRr3ha hotA thA ki puruSa unakI avahelanA nahIM kara pAte the| kRSNa aura sudAmA mitra the| ve bacapana meM sAtha-sAtha par3he the| bar3e hone para kRSNa to dvArikA ke mahArAja bana gaye para sudAmA eka daridra brAhmaNa hI bane rhe| yadyapi ve vidvAna aura bhakta the| unakI patnI bar3I patiparAyaNA thii| prAyaH sudAmA usase apane bacapana kI, tathA kRSNa se mitratA kI carcA kiyA karate the| eka dina unakI patnI ne sudAmAjI se dvArikA jAne ke lie Agraha pUrvaka khaa| unheM samajhAyA ki jaba zrIkRSNa jaise Apake mitra haiM to phira Apa itanI takalIpha meM kyoM dina vyatIta kara rahe haiM? sudAmA santoSapriya bhakta the| unheM dhana kI AkAMkSA raMca mAtra bhI nahIM thii| prabhu kI bhakti se hI unakA hRdaya paripUrNa thaa| unhoMne patnI se kahA - mere hiye hari ke pada paMkaja, bAra hajAra le dekhu pricchaa| aurana ko dhana cAhiye bAvari, brAhmaNa ko dhana kevala bhicchaa| para bAvalI patnI mAnI nhiiN| vaha svayaM to kaSTa uThA sakatI thI para pati ke kaSTa se usakA hRdaya vyathita rahatA thaa| phira bolI - dvArakA lau jAta pie! aise alasAta tuma, kAhe ko lajAta bhaI kauna sI vicitrii| jau pai saba janama daridra hI satAyo to paiM, kauna kAja Ai hai kRpAnidhi kI mitrii|| yAni dvArikA jAne meM tumheM kitanA Alasya hai priya! jAne meM lajjA kisa bAta kI hai? mitra ke pAsa jAnA koI anokhI bAta hai kyA? agara sArA jIvana daridratA meM hI bIte to phira karuNA ke sAgara kRSNa kI mitratA kaba kAma AegI? bicAre sudAmA phira kyA karate? patnI ko madhura upAlaMbha dete hue dvArikA jAne ke lie taiyAra dvArikA jAhu jU dvArikA jAhu jU AThahU jAma yahI jhaka tere| jo na kaho kariye to bar3o dukha jaie kahA~ apanI gati here|| AThoM pahara tUne to 'dvArikA jAo, dvArikA jAo' kI raTa lagA rakhI hai| merI icchA to nahIM hai magara terA kahA na mAnUM to bhI merI gati nahIM hai| yahI to bar3A duHkha hai| isa prakAra patnI kI avahelanA na karake sudAmA kRSNa ke pAsa ge| jaisA ki unakI satI patnI kA vizvAsa thA, unhone kRSNa ke dvArA atyadhika Adara aura sneha prApta kiyaa| ve atula vaibhava ke adhikArI hokara lautte| (29)
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________________ __ isase spaSTa hai ki prAcIna-kAla meM sudAmA kI patnI, mahAkavi kAlIdAsa kI patnI tathA tulasIdAsajI kI patnI ratnAvalI Adi aisI aisI nAriyA~ ho gaI haiM jinhoMne apane patiyoM ke jIvana ko badala kara unheM mahattA ke zikhara para phuNcaayaa| para dhIre-dhIre madhyakAla meM paristhitiyA~ kucha badala giiN| striyoM kI svataMtratA kama ho gaI aura unake prati puruSoM kI vicAradhArA bhI viparIta dizA meM bahane lgii| kucha nae Adarza binA sira paira ke banAe gae, unake lie kahA gayA - kAma krodha lobhAdimaya, prabala moha ke dhaari| tiha maMha ati dAruna dukhada mAyA rUpI naarii|| arthAt kAma, krodha, lobha, mada va moha Adi jo manuSya ko duHkha dene vAle haiM, unase bhI adhika dAruNa duHkha dene vAlI mAyAmayI nArI hai| kahA gayA ki striyoM ko kabhI svatantra nahIM rahane denA caahie| use kaumArAvasthA meM pitA ke , yuvAvasthA meM pati ke tathA vRddhAvasthA meM putra ke AdhIna rahanA caahie| manusmRti meM kahA hai - pitA rakSati kaumAre, bhartA rakSati yauvne| rakSanti sthavire putrA na strI svaatntrymhNti|| isa vidhAna ke anasAra nAriyoM kI zArIrika, mAnasika tathA Atmika sabhI prakAra kI unnati ko roka kara unakA sthAna ghara taka hI sImita kara diyA gyaa| phira to gaha sAmrAjJI jaise Adarayakta zabda kI jagaha paira kI jUtI kahakara unheM hIna sAbita kiyA gyaa| bAla vivAha kI prathA cAlU kara dI gii| do, cAra, chaH ATha varSa kI kanyAoM ke vivAha kiye jAne lge| jabaki yaha umra unake zikSA prApta karane kI hotI hai| phalasvarUpa dasa-dasa bAraha bAraha varSa kI umra vAlI vidhavAoM kI bharamAra ho gaI aura unakA jIvana bar3A dayanIya hone lgaa| jisa taraha se ghAsa-phUsa se Aga daba nahIM sakatI aura kaI gunA vega se dhadhaka uThatI hai, usI taraha nArI jAti ko dabAne kI, usake teja ko kucalane kI jitanI koziza kI gaI utane hI vega se unakA zaurya samaya samaya para prajvalita huaa| rAnI durgAvatI, jhAMsI kI rAnI lakSmIbAI Adi ke udAharaNa itihAsa meM amara rheNge| rAjapUta lalanAoM ke tyAga va vIratva ke bhI aneka aneka jvalaMta udAharaNa haiM, jinhoMne apane zaurya kI kIrtipatAkA punaH laharA dii| apane hAthoM se pati ko kavaca pahanAkara ve unheM yuddha meM bheja detI thIM aura sAtha hI spaSTa zabdoM meM cetAvanI bhI de detI thIM - kaMta lakhIje dohi kula, nathI phiratI chaaNh| mur3iyA milasI geMdavo, mile na dhaNarI baaNh|| priyatama! dekho donoM kuloM (mere aura apane) kA dhyAna rakhanA tathA apanI chAyA ko mata dekhnaa| agara tuma yuddha se bhAgakara Ae to tumheM mastaka ke nIce rakhane ke liye takiyA milegaa| patnI kI bAMha nahIM mila skegii| (30)
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________________ vaha pati ke cale jAne para ro-rokara azrudhArA pravAhita nahIM karatI thI varan pUrNa vizvAsapUrvaka apanI sakhI se kahatI thI - sakhI amINA kaMtha rI, pUrI yaha paratIta / kai jAsI sUra dhaMgar3e, ke AsI raNa jIta // he sakhI! mujhe apane priyatama para pUrA vizvAsa hai ki yA to vaha yuddha meM jItakara vApisa AeMge athavA lar3ate hue vIragati ko prApta kreNge| itanA kahakara bhI use saMtoSa nahIM hotA aura atyanta prema-vihvala hotI huI pati kI prazaMsA karatI - hUM helI acaraja karU~, ghara meM bAya samAya / hAko suNatAM hUlase, raNa meM koca na mAya // he sakhI! mujhe bar3A Azcarya hotA hai ki mere priya ghara meM to merI bAhuoM meM hI samA jAte haiM kintu yuddha ke nagAr3e sunakara hulAsa ke mAre kavaca meM bhI nahIM samAte / apane pati ke prati rAjapUta nAriyoM meM kitanA garva hotA thA / asIma prema hotA thA, lekina pati ke yuddha se mu~ha mor3akara Ane kI apekSA ve vidhavA ho jAnA pasanda karatI thIM / yuddha meM vIra gati pAne para unake garva evaM utsAha kA pArAvAra nahIM rahatA thA aura apane mRta pati ko lekara ve ha~sate ha~sate vApisa unake zIghratama milane ke liye citA para car3ha jAyA karatI thiiN| usa samaya bhI ve apanI sakhiyoM ko kahanA nahIM bhUlatI thIM sAthaNa Dhola suhAvaNo, deNo mo saha dAha / urasAM khetI bIja dhara, rajavaTa ulaTI rAha // arthAt he sakhI! jaba apane priya ke sAtha maiM citA para caDhU~ usa samaya tuma bahuta hI madhura Dhola bajAnA / rAjapUtoM kI to yahI ulaTI rIti hai ki unakI khetI pRthvI para hotI hai kintu phala AkAza meM prApta hotA hai| ina udAharaNoM se yaha sAbita ho jAtA hai ki nArI ne aise nAjuka samaya meM bhI, jabaki unheM atyanta tuccha mAnA jAne lagA thA, apanI mahimA ko kama nahIM hone diyA, balki aura gauravAnvita hI kiyA. rAjapUta nAriyoM ke jIvita tyAga ke aise udAharaNa vizva meM aura kahIM bhI nahIM mila skte| yaha ThIka hai ki usa samaya kI satItva kI kalpanA vivekapUrNa na ho aura satItva kI kasauTI AtmadAha hai bhI nahIM, tathApi isase nArI utsarga svabhAva meM koI kamI nahIM aatii| aba isa navIna yuga meM striyoM ne apanA ucita sthAna punaH prApta kara liyA hai| ve sAmAjika, rAjanaitika tathA dhArmika sabhI kSetroM meM bar3I saphalatA ke sAtha kAma kara rahI hai / zrImatI indirA gA~dhI bhArata kI pradhAnamaMtrI thii| bhAratakolikA sarojinI nAyaDU gavarnara thiiN| vijayalakSmI paNDita amerikA meM rAjadUta Adi ke rUpa meM aneka mahattvapUrNa padoM para kArya karatI rahI hai| sucetA kRpalAnI uttarapradeza ke zAsana kI sUtradhAra rahI haiN| bahanoM ko bhI aise Adarza apane sAmane rakhane caahiye| inase preraNA lenI caahiye| puruSoM kI hiMsaka vRtti to carama sImA taka pahu~ca cukI hai| unhoMne do vizvayuddha kara liye, aba tIsare yuddha kI bhI AzaMkA (31)
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________________ haiN| aNubama, paramANubama, hAiDrojanabama Adi-Adi aneka prakAra ke bama ve banA cuke haiM, aura unase bhI adhika bhayaMkara zastroM ke AviSkAra kara rahe haiN| Apa logoM ko puruSoM kI isa hiMsaka va vidveSapUrNa vRtti ko snehajala se plAvita karanA hai| tAtparya yahI hai ki puruSoM kI barAbarI karake aura unake samAna adhikAra pA karake bhI Apa logoM ko santuSTa nahIM honA hai| Apako puruSa jAti para apanA prabhAva DAlanA hai, unakI svacchanda manovRtti ko saMyata banAnA hai aura isa taraha vizva zAnti kI sthApanA meM yoga denA hai| ApakA sabase mahAn karttavya apane nanheM bAlakoM para susaMskAra DAlane kA hai| unakA hRdaya bar3A komala hotA hai| kamhAra miTTI ke kacce ghar3e ko cAhe jaisI Akati de sakatA hai| kacce bA~sa ko cAhe jaise moDA jA sakatA hai| usI taraha baccoM kI baddhi bar3I sarala tathA anakaraNazIla hotI hai, ataH mAtA cAhe to apane putra ko mahAn, sadAcArI, vIra tathA pratApI banA sakatI hai| zivAjI ko vIra unakI mAtA jIjAbAI ne banAyA thaa| mAtA ke hI saMskAroM ke kAraNa Age jAkara zivAjI ne auraMgajeba ke chakke chaDA diye the| gA~dhIjI ko bhI unakI mAtA ne hI jagata pajya banAyA thaa| vilAyata jAne se pahale ve gA~dhIjI ko eka jaina santa ke pAsa le gii| aura unheM mAMsAhAra, parastrI-gamana tathA zarAba pIne kA tyAga karavA diyaa| zaMkarAcArya ko jJAna kI coTI para unakI mAtA ne hI pahu~cAyA thaa| __ Apa cAheM to apane ghara ko svarga banA sakatI haiM aura Apa cAheM to nrk| apane tyAga, prema va ke mAdharya se ghara ko nandana kAnana bnaaiye| ApakA vyaktitva itanA sandara honA cAhiye ki pratyeka bAta Apake pati sudAmAjI kI taraha maaneN| Apa meM apUrva zakti bharI huI hai sirpha use pahacAnane kI AvazyakatA hai| kucha logoM kI vicAradhArA hotI hai ki striyoM kA kArya to ghara meM cUlhA-cakkI taka hI sImita honA cAhiye, adhika par3hAne se kyA lAbha? Apa loga isa bhulAve meM kadApi na aaeN| apanI kanyAoM ko barAbara zikSita banAyeM para sAtha hI unameM ucca saMskAra DAlane kA prayatna kareM, par3hane-likhane kA tAtparya adhikAdhika phaizanebila bananA, apane mAtA-pitA kI avajJA karanA nahIM hai| par3hane kA asalI uddezya apane gRha kA suprabandha karanA tathA Apatti-vipatti ke samaya pati kI sahAyatA karanA bhI hai| galata rAste para jAte hue pati ko caturAI se mor3anA bhI zikSA kA hI aMga hai| prasiddha vidvAn lekhaka premacandajI ne bhI kahA hai "puruSa zastra se kAma letA hai tathA strI kauzala se| strI pRthvI kI bhA~ti dhairyavAna hotI hai|" vikTara hyago ne to yahA~ taka kahA hai - "Mun huve sight, woman insight." arthAt manuSya ko dRSTi prApta hotI hai to nArI ko divya dRsstti| bahano ! Apako apanI divya dRSTi khonI nahIM hai varan aura prakhara banAnI hai| prAcIna kAla se ApakI jisa mahimA ko deva bhI gAte rahe haiM, use kAyama rakhanA hai| nArI sadA se mahimAmayI rahI hai, ise sAbita karanA hai| tabhI hamAre rASTra kA kalyANa hogaa| (32)