Mahayogi Sthulabhadra Diwakar Chitrakatha 043

Author(s): Nityanandsuri, Chidanandmuni, Shreechand Surana
Publisher: Mahavir Seva Trust Mumbai
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/006643/1

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DIWAKAR CHITRA KATHA Vol. 43 Rs. 25.00 A Mahavir Seva Trust Presentation MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA Moto emational

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA Part-2 Mahayogi Sthulabhadra occupies a place pride of in the Jain tradition. Arya Bhadrabahu, the scholar of fourteen Purvas (subtle canons), imparted the knowledge of two chapters short ten Purvas complete with text and meaning to him. Of the remaining Purvas he was taught only the text. Arya Sthulabhadra was extremely sharp, intelligent, serene, and humble. He continues to be famous as a vanquisher of carnality to an astonishing degree. The renowned prime minister of the Mauryan empire, Chanakya, was his classmate and childhood friend. Attracted by his personality and qualities, Rupakosha, the royal courtesan and descendent of famed dancer Amrapali, had dedicated herself to Sthulabhadra. For twelve years he remained enchanted by her beauty and charm, but a sudden change with in made him completely detached at the youthful age of 30 years. He renounced the world and became an ascetic disciple of Arya Sambhutivijaya. With profound meditation he conquered all his carnal desires. He remained an ordinary ascetic for 30 years. After that he took over as acharya (the head of the religious organization) and successfully discharged his duties for 45 years. During the three years drought in Magadh the ascetic organization disintegrated. When the drought was over, Sthulabhadra regrouped the scattered ascetic organization and protected the declining tradition of canonical knowledge. In 311 B.C. he embraced death peacefully in meditation on Vaibharagiri when he was about 99 years old. Jain tradition expresses its adoration for Arya Sthulabhadra even today by reciting a couplet on all auspicious occasions - 'Auspicious is the name of Bhagavan Mahavir and so is that of Gautama Prabhu. Auspicious are the names of Sthulabhadra and other ascetics and so is Jain religion." Acharya Shrimad Vijaya Nityanand Surishvar has written this glorious story of Arya Sthulabhadra in two parts. We express our gratitude to him. Editor: Muni Chidanand Vijaya Written by: Acharya Shrimad Vijaya Nityanand Suri Managing Editors: Dr. Mansukhbhai Jain, Sanjay Surana PUBLISHERS -Shrichand Surana 'Saras' Translator: MAHAVIR SEVA TRUST A-7, SAGAR NIWAS, 1ST FLOOR, OFF MANCHHUBHAI ROAD, MALAD (E), MUMBAI-400 097. PH. (O) 8811397, (R) 8892121 Surendra Bothara FEDERATION OF JAIN ASSOCIATIONS IN NORTH AMERICA (JAINA) C/o DR. P.B. GADA, 4410, 50TH STREET, LUBBOCK, TEXAS-79414 (U.S.A.). PH. 806-793-8555 SHREE DIWAKAR PRAKASHAN A-7, AWAGARH HOUSE, OPP. ANJNA CINEMA, M.G. ROAD, AGRA-282 002. PH.: (0562) 351165

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MAHAYOGI In the first part you read that one sentimental blow and Sthulabhadra became apathetic to and detached from mundane pleasures and STHULABHADRA was eager to pursue the spiritual path. Around that time Acharya Sambhutivijaya, a scholar of fourteen Purvas, arrived in Pataliputra. Sthulabhadra went to him and got initiated. On becoming an ascetic Sthulabhadra requested Gurudeva! Son ! Bhagavan has Please show me said that knowledge and the way to destroyll action lead to liberation. the intrinsic attitudes First of all acquire knowlof attachment and edge and then you will fondness automatically find the path of spiritual pursuit Intelligent ascetic Sthulabhadra studied the eleven Anga Sutras (Jain Canon) under guidance of his guru. He also devoted time to higher meditational practices. Once while meditating he reflected I have practiced to conquer sensual perversions. It is time I should undergo some test. Chaturmasa* was approaching. One day Arya Sambhutivijaya's three disciples came and said Gurudev ! Bhagavan ! I want to observe I want to spend austerities and stand in meditation four months near the hole of a serpent with observing austerities and Nisual-poison. meditating just outside a lion's lair. # Period of monsoon-stay.

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Band MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA And, Prabhu !! want to spend four months in meditation standing on brink of a well. prodat' Now came ascetic Sthulabhadra and requested after paying homage to the guru On listening Sthulabhadra's strange resolution, the Acharya contemplated. He opened his eyes after some time Gurudeva! Staying in the mansion of courtesan Kosha and accepting savoury food, I want to indulge in a four month practice of disciplining, my perversions. The Acharya pondered for some time and gave his consent with blessings-1 Son Yours is a very difficult resolution. It is impossible that butter placed near a fire does not melt. But I am confident that you will be able to make impossible possible. Sons! May you all gain success in your missions. Sthulabhadra bowed at his teacher's feet, who blessed his disciple. 2 W anom to boha

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA Getting permission from their teacher the four Ascetic Sthulabhadra came to a garden in ascetics proceeded towards their respective destinations. Pataliputra. Maid Vishakha informed Kosha- . VRE My lady! Our lord has come! QUUUUA Kosha jumped with surprise and joy What did you Yes, I have say ? My lord, heard that he Sthulabhadra stays in the garden has come ? outside the city. In the garden ? He has become a Why didn't he comel shraman (Jain ascetic). here? Now he belongs to all, not just you. . WWW 2005 @OXUNDUS Kosha got ready at once and came to the garden in a chariot. She paid homage to ascetic Sthulabhadra. Tears were flowing from her eyes while she stared at Sthulabhadra. Lord! Where did you go, leaving her me alone ? Arya Kosha? Sthulabhadra gave a disinterested look to Kosha.

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Then he said Lady! I want to spend the monsoon-stay in your mansion? COLET My lord! Does a lord seek permission from a maid? HOTDOOD INDEED MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA www Kosha's mansion was famous throughout Magadh. It had four large halls. The themes of the decor and the paintings in each of these four halls were music; dance; 84 erotic postures from Kama-shastra" and health and meditation respectively. In the middle of these four halls was a huge covered courtyard. In front of this mansion was a beautiful garden with beds of seasonal flowers, canopies of creepers, and a beautiful pond at the center. # The compendium on sex and erotica. Ascetic Sthulabhadra Kosha ! You are aware of the code of conduct of a Jain ascetic. Why are you still driven by love? WANKORKMATEN F Lord! Love can only be conquered by some rare individual, like you. JAVATAVARAT Please come to my place. You are welcome. RE T

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA Ascetic Sthulabhadra came to this mansion for his monsoon-stay. Kosha said My lord ! this Kosha ! My asceticbeautiful bedroom has been prepared discipline allows me for your stay. Please the use of this wooden make yourself bench only. Your bed, comfortable settee, and other things are of no use to me. M Next morning Kosha asked My lord ! You used to enjoy the savoury food prepared by this humble maid. Would I still get that honour ? Kosha ! Following the ascetic discipline I eat once a day only. I will certainly accept any food conforming to my code of conduct. Disheartened Kosha consulted her maidVishakha ! In every matter he raises the question of asceticcodes. How then can I please him ? Can I not even touch his feet? Lady! The enchantment of music and dance can move even great sages like Vishvamitra. You may try to seduce him with your beauty. Even ascetic Sthulabhadra will submit before you.

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA During the night Kosha came to the ascetic with all her elaborate adornment. She made flirtatious gestures at him and sang luring songs. She also danced making a variety of titillating postures. She continued this song and dance of seduction before ascetic Sthulabhadra all night. But she failed to disturb Sthulabhadra's meditation By sunrise Kosha was dead tired. She sat before Sthulabhadra and said After some time maid Vishakha came. Kosha expressed her gloom and despair My lord ! You had a heart soft like petals, why it has turned to stone. Please open your eyes and smile just once, I will feel blessed, my lord ! What to do Vishakha ? My efforts have misfired. My skills have failed. My dance has lost its charm. All my erotic ammunition has gone dud. How do I seduce my lord now? My lady! There is a solution. Sthulabhadra was beyond hearing. And she whispered something.

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA They both rode a chariot and went to the hermitage of She mixed a tablet in milk. Baba Bhairavanath. After paying homage she conveyed her problem. Daughter, don't worry. I have a divine aphrodisiac that effects even old males. Give one tablet everyday, mixing it in milk, to Sthulabhadra for twenty one days. He will be drawn to you. ce O OOOO D0/ And poured that milk in Sthulabhadra's/ alms-pot. D, Kosha collected the tablets. in the morning Vishakha came and took her to the inner room. Kosha expressed her despair On the twenty first night she once again performed her seductive dance. There was no effect on Sthulabhadra. Completely exhausted, she c ollapsed and sat dazed. Oh ! Even the aphrodisiac has failed. Vishakha ! For the first time in my life accept my defeat. Sthulabhadra is not a human being... sta No ! my lady. Please don't utter such ominous words. VALUNYA NAYO For Private & Personal Use Only

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA I am telling the truth. He Indeed, it is true. Next day Kosha put on a white dress and is not an ordinary human H Ascetic Sthulabhadra removed all ornaments. She came to being. He is a great man. H Sthulabhadra as a simple disciple has become He is a Mahayogi not detached. All our O Mahayogi ! just a yogi. He has no efforts are in vain. Kindly forgive me. O blemish at all. unblemished one ! Your pure aura has pacified my excitement too. For six hours she sat still in one posture before the ascetic when he concluded his meditation and raised his hand in blessing Pious one ! May you attain beatitude. May reciting the name of Detached Bhagavan free you of blemishes. O Mahayogi ! I have been defeated. No, you are not defeated. You have won. In the fire-test of victory over sex we both have passed. How so? My lord ! Y No, Kosha! The spiritual One's victory is victory is strange. My other's defeat. victory over perversions has made your mind also pure and free of perversions. And that's what I wanted.

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA When the monsoon season was coming to an end ascetic Sthulabhadra said O benevolent ! to KoshaPlease grant me refuge Gurudeva ! It was Bhadre ! My at your feet now. Teach through your blessings monsoon-stay me religion. that I abandoned the concludes two days slime of carnal pleasures Blessec ne ! The later on Purnima. I and took to the path detached Arihant is will leave then. of religion. refuge to all beings. Submit yourself at his feet and obtain salvation. Ascetic Sthulabhadra expielned the fundamentals of Jain religion and code of conduct forlaity to Kosha and she became a At the end of the monsoon season ascetic shramanopasika." Sthulabhadra left. At the end of the monsoon season the ascetic Then came the second ascetic. The preceptor who had spent the period near lion's lair came stood up and greeted him alsoback to Acharyashri. The preceptor got upCome ! You have made observer of the the poison of serpent rigorous resolve of ineffective with your fearlessness, you practices. O observer are welcome of rigorous resolve you are welcome. # one who worships shramans or Jain ascetics.

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA Greeting the ascetic who had done his A little later Sthulabhadra also arrived there. The meditation on the brink preceptor got up and spreading his arms took seven of a well, the O observer of steps to greet his disciplepreceptor said the rigorous resolve O glory of austere of remaining alert every moment, ascetics and observer of Nyou are weicome. extremely rigorous resolves, you are welcome. Sthulabhadra sat at the feet of his guru. and we are being called observers of only i rigorous austerities..., Gurudeva! Thanks to your blessings that I have accomplished my mission. See, even Gurudeva is not impartial. He who has become plump eating rich food for four months is being called observer of extremely rigorous austerities.... Arya Sthulabhadra is a minister's son. That is why Gurudeva gives him special honour. 10

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AROMAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA Bitten by the bug of jealousy, the three ascetics made fun of Sthulabhadra's healthy body Sthulabhadra gave no heed to all this and concentrated on his meditational practices. Why, Gurudeva? Am I weaker than Sthulabhadra in some respect? Mem His forehead shines with the radiance of rich food. Indeed, he is an observer of extreme austerities. - Son! A resolve triggered by jealousy and anger destroys spiritual attainments. As you are already jealous you are incapable of taking right decision. When Kosha found an ascetic in the courtyard she greeted him Devi! I want to spend my monsoon stay here./ At the onset of the monsoon season the ascetic who had meditated outside a lion's lair came to Gurudev and requested 11 Gurudeva! I seek permission to spend my monsoon-stay at Kosha's mansion this year. Ignoring Gurudeva's advise, the ascetic proceeded towards Pataliputra 4. No, I will prove that I can do this difficult task. This My respects, Gurudeva. You are welcome. Son! This is an extreme resolve and not suitable for you. Bur sm:

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Looking at the expressions of the ascetic Kosha understood This ascetic has come to emulate Sthulabhadra. He may get strayed. Then she asked D2 Arya ! Why spend the monsoon-stay here? Next day Kosha offered him rich food. Later, in bewitching dress she visited the ascetic. He was engrossed seeing various erotic paintings. Kosha observed this with interest. When the ascetic saw her at the door he called Lady! Why did you stop at the door. Please come in. These paintings are extremely beautiful and attractive. MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA The ascetic said arrogantly Revered one! Af they distract you from your meditation I will get them covered. 12 Is only ascetic Sthulabhadra capable of spending a monsoon-stay here? Can't I do what, he could? M No! No! These postures are helpful in concentration. Let them be. Why not? porwave And she opened the gate of a hall. jsy skla in

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA Kosha sat down for some time. The ascetic He could not sleep throughout the nightenjoyed looking at her voluptuous body. Shifting eyes revealed his inner lust. How lucky was Sthulabhadra. He enjoyed this divinely beautiful woman for twelve long years. Can I possibly enjoy her caress ? 000000 UYDU ALIW Too Next morning he came to Kosha's bedroom. Kosha arranged her disheveled dress and asked Revered one ! So early in the morning ? It is not even the time for breakfast. O beauty! I have not come to seek food. I have come to beg for your love. Please favour me as you did Sthulabhadra. O ascetic ! It does not behave you to take, the pious name of Mahayogi Sthulabhadra. You are going astray. O enchantress! Your beauty has bewitched me. I crave to possess you. Kosha thought The ascetic has lost his rationality. He is beyond reason. Only practical approach can correct him. ULTU 77 LTRY 13 www.jalnelibrary.org

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA With a fake laughter Kosha said A courtesan needs wealth not a worthless life. O ascetic ! I can only To have a beauty sacrifice my life like Kosha one has to in flames of your pay a handsome sum. beauty. Besides Lady! I have What can a penniless this I have no wealth. ascetic like nothing. you give ? Please tell me how to acquire wealth. For you I will bring even stars from the sky. Then listen. The king of Nepal is very generous. He gifts a gem studded blanket to every visiting monk. Go and get a gem-blanket for me. All right. I will certainly get that gem-blanket. But will you accept me Jafter that? Why not. But the monsoon has commenced. How will you go now? Don't bother. I will do the necessary atonement. BE For Private Personal Use Only

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA From Pataliputra to Nepal was a difficult terrain. It was filled with steep mountains, ravines, streams, rivers, jungles, desolate areas, beasts and bandits. Crossing all hurdles the ascetic reached Nepal Oh! It is a fearsome forest L THE mile . Tune. Enduring all pain and saving his life the ascetic returned after four months with the gem-blanket. He went straight to Kosha Kosha took the gem-blanket Kosha! See, I have brought the gem-blanket for you. Take it. VANAVIS @a She tore it into two. pp Great! The gem-blanket For Private 15 rsonal Use Only She wiped her feet land.... www.jalnelibrary.org

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA threw it into the sewerage canal. The ascetic lost Kosha broke into a laughter. The ascetic became This temper wild (Ha...Ha...Ha... Stupid ! You are making fun of me. Kosha ! What is this? Suffering great hardship I brought this gem-blanket worth one hundred twenty five thousand rupees. You have thrown it into gutter. Kosha said Then Kosha threw numerous gem-blankets before the ascetic and said, O fallen ascetic ! It is you who are stupid. You are throwing the invaluable gem of your long practices of ascetic-discipline into the gutter of carnality. See ascetic ! Even my maids have such gem-blankets. But the gem-like asceticdiscipline you have tarnished is rare even for gods. IERE 16 -

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA The ascetic came to Arya Sambhutivijaya and The edifying words of Kosha awoke the atoned for his mistake. He also sought forgive Trationality of the ascetic. Tears of repentance ness from Sthulabhadra flowed from his eyesGreat lady ! O austere ascetic ! Mahayogi ! Kosha is no more a Please forgive courtesan. She is now Please forgive me. I had a shramanopasika and a me. I was jealous fallen from disciple of great ascetic of you. my grace. Sthulabhadra. What to say of you, no sage in the world today can match a great yogi like Sthulabhadra. TATA Ascetic-! you committed a mistake but were not lost for ever. Sthulabhadra embraced his colleague. The inner voice of the ascetic cursed him. Once ascetic Sthulabhadra came to Pataliputra with Arya Sambhutivijaya. Prime minister Shriyak* came to pay homage. He said to SthulabhadraBrother! . Son ! You have You got free of successfully done your the problems of this duty. Now at this honourable world but left me juncture renounce it and tethered to this work for uplift of post of primeminister. your soul. Shriyak requested Acharyashri Gurudeva ! | want to become an ascetic. Please do me the favour. A Arya Sambhutivijaya initiated Shriyak as an ascetic. # he was the younger brother of Sthulabhadra. 17 ## 153 ANM. or years after the nirvana of Mahavir.ersonal use only

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA On the Samvatsari day during the Paryushan Aryaa Yakshaa was standing nearby. She Parva in the monsoon season Shriyak advised her brotherapproached the Acharya Brother! For an ascetic Gurudeva ! I cannot this is meant for fasting not to touch food. Keep calm. To endure hunger. I cannot endure the pain of hunger is remain without food a religious duty for even for six hours. an ascetic. All day Aryaa Yakshaa recited excerpts from scriptures to help Shriyak remain calm. 3235 Oh! The pain is intolerable. I can't.... Brother ascetic ! Please be patient. Please chant the name of Detached Arihant. But by evening ascetic Shriyak died of the agonizing pain of hunger. The sudden death of Shriyak made ascetic Yakshaa very sadCurse me ! Aryaa ! You am the cause of inspired your brother the untimely death for spiritual practice. The of my ascetic consequence is not brother. I am to your fault. Please be blamed compose yourself. for that. Acharyashri helped Yakshaa regain her composure. # The concluding day of the annual Jain religious festival when it is obligatory to observe a fast. 18

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA That year Magadh came under a spell of a terrible drought. No rains for three years. Millions of animals and birds died of hunger. Men, women, and children roamed around begging food-p Mother! please) give some bread An ascetic came and informed the Acharya Arya Sambhutivijaya advised Arya Bhadrabahu We go to seek alms but find the doors closed. It has become extremely difficult for the ascetics to get food. Page #22
MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA On getting permission from Arya Sambhutivijaya Arya Bhadrabahu left for Nepal with hundreds of male and female ascetics and thousands of lay people. W TA When Arya Sambhutivijaya died the religious organization made Arya Sthulabhadra the head of the order. Arya Bhadrabahu is busy WWWV W with his higher meditation in Nepal, therefore, the religious organization will be Vead by Arya Sthulabhadra, Or UMA VINOY MOVIYVLYNNY WA # 156 ANM.

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA Three years later it once again rained in Magadh. The land was green with grass and crops. Cattle had abundance of feed and people got enough grains. After monsoon season, ascetics wandering in far away areas assembled in Pataliputra. Arya Sthulabhadra addressed the congregation Aryas ! During the three year drought many of our senior and learned ascetics have died. The treasure A of scriptures has scattered. We should come together and compile all the available scriptural knowledge. po 2020 2020 er op Under the leadership of Arya Sthulabhadra five hundred ascetics made a team in Pataliputra and exchanged the knowledge of Agams. Arya Sthulabhadra asked the shramans The ascens looked at each other. Finally a very senior ascetic said Has the It appears that voluminous knowlmany of our great scholars have also edge of Drishtivad died during this also been lost? drought. Is there no scholar of Drishtivad## present here? re 102 # This is famous as the first compilation of Agams conducted after 160 years of Mahavir. ## This is the twelfth Anga Sutra and contains the 14 Purvas or subtle canons. www

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A senior ascetic Arya Bhadrabahu is a scholar of the complete twelves Angas but he is busy with his higher meditation in Nepal. Besides him there is no living scholar of the 14 Purvas. MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA The ascetic organization unanimously passed a We should resolution and sent a deputation of ascetics to go and request Bhadrabahu in Nepal. The deputation requested Arya Bhadrabahu Arya Bhadrabahuto teach Aryavar ! Many scholarly Drishtivad to ascetics have died during the ascetics and save (drought. Now you are the only scholar the knowledge of of Drishtivad. Therefore, please impart Agams from the knowledge to able ascetic and extinction. save it from extinction. Arya Bhadrabahu said, I am busy with my higher meditation. I can not abandon it to come to Magadh. How then will the knowledge of Agams be saved? Is your individual advancement in meditation more important than that. Would you ignore the command of the religious organization (Sangb) ? Alright, I will honour the command of the Sangh. You may send able ascetics to me. I will certainly teach them. 22

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA The ascetics returned to Pataliputra with the answer from Arya Bhadrabahu and conveyed it to Arya Sthulabhadra Aryavar ! Send intelligent ascetics to Nepal. Arya Bhadrabahu can teach them Drishtivad there only. Arya Sthulabhadra went himself with 499 ascetics to get lessons of Agams. Arya Bhadrabahu started giving seven lectures every day. But to understand a complex and difficult Agam like Drishtivad was beyond ordinary ascetics. They whisperedI hardly understand this complex subject. I don't find it interesting at all. Gradually all the 499 ascetics returned. Only resolute Sthulabhadra continued to take lessons for eight years. 23 www.

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA One day Arya Bhadrabahu said Son I am pleased with your intelligence, sharp wit, and diligen will Son ! You have completed only eight Purvas till now. You can say that you have acquired just a drop from the ocean. Call Sir ! How much is left to study now? These words filled Sthulabhadra with gloom. By the time Arya Bhadrabahu, Sthulabhadra, and some other ascetics left for Magadh the study of two chapters less ten Purvas was complete. Arya Bhadrabahu Son! don't get disheartened. said I have concluded my higher practices. Soon we will proceed to Magadh. I will give you the remaining lessons fast. 24

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Arya Bhadrabahu came to a garden outside Pataliputra. Throngs of ascetics and lay people came to pay homage. Yakshaa with other female ascetics also came and asked Revered one! Where is my elder brother Arya Sthulabhadra ? Ascetic Sthulabhadra is studying Agams in those templeruins. AR MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA They returned to Arya Bhadrabahu and related the incident. He pondered for some time and said Don't worry. Nothing unfortunate has happened. Go back and you will find Sthulabhadra. What you took to be a lion is your brother Sthulabhadra. 82 Admin Yakshaa and her six sisters went towards that old temple. When they entered they saw a huge lion sitting there. Has something unfortunate happened? Why a lion in place of our brother? Oh! A lion? Where is our brother? Arya ! A few moments back there was a lion here. Where has it gone? They returned to the temple once again and were pleased to find their brother. After greetings 25 WA There was no lion here. I had used my magical powers to give you a surprise. NoBal The seven sisters talked to their brother for some time and then returned to their place of stay.

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AF MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA When it was time for lessons Sthulabhadra Arya Bhadrabahu came to Arya Bhadrabahu who expressed his displeasure added Son ! To acquire knowledge is very difficult but to digest knowledge is even more difficult. LOV B 5 Enter Jum Sthulabhadra looked at his teacher with apprehension. Sthulabhadra realized his mistake. He sought forgiveness by touching the teacher's feet again and again Son! you, the victor over lust, also succumbed to pride. Alas! An influence of the forthcoming Kalikaal. Hard to get a deserving candidate to absorb Drishtivad, the great/ compendium of many miraculous powers. Considering you to be a deserving candidate I imparted esoteric knowledge to you. But you could not digest it and displayed your magical powers. Son! the knowledge of Agams is for self-realization and not for display. It is a grave misconduct to misuse. the means of inner bliss for entertainment. #The dark age according to the Jain Metaphysics. Gurudeva ! I committed a mistake in my stupor. Please forgive me and let my mistakes be undone. Oferic Rord OledeA elgial actur Ascetic Sthulabhadra beseeched for pardon many a time but Arya Bhadrabahu said 1522 90 No knowledge beyond one's capacity. 26

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA Many senior ascetics and shravaks of the Sangh Arya Bhadrabahu submitted jointly continued I never imagined that a disciplined Gurudev ! Please ascetic like prescribe suitable Sthulabhadra could atonement to Arya also succumb to Sthulabhadra but don't the excitement of deprive him of the displaying knowledge lest this miraculous invaluable heritage powers. is lost. In future if the procedures for divine attainments contained in Agams go to an unsuitable person he will harm himself and humanity both. It is best not to impart this knowledge to anybody. NAMAN Arya Sthulabhadra was throughout sitting before Gurudeva with joined palms and bent head. When the Sangh continued to plead, Arya Bhadrabahu said Thus Sthulabhadra could only acquire the knowledge of two chapters less ten Purvas All right. To honour the Sangh I will give only the textual knowledge of the remaining four Purvas but not the meaning. Utpad Purva Agrayani Viryapravad Purva 4. Astinastipravad Purva WA 6. 5. 8. Jnanapravad Purva Satyapravad Purva 7. Atmapravad Purva, Karmapravad Purva, 11. 9. Pratyakhyanpravad Purva 10. Vidyanupravad Purva, Abandhya Purva, 12. Pranayu Purva 13. Kriyavishal Purva 14. Lokabindusar Purva. # Jain laymen. * see Illustrated Sri Nandi Sutra. 27

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA After some time Arya Bhadrabahu died. The Sangh made Arya Sthulabhadra the head of the order and Acharya." Since this day the responsibility of managing the order rests with Acharya Sthulabhadra. The Sangh will DI ALT QU00ZZ0 follow his directions. Hail Acharya Sthulabhadra ! VID UTINIATUL CADD) Once Arya Sthulabhadra came to Shravasti. Thousands of people attended his discourse. Sthulabhadra was looking for someone in the crowd. An intelligent shravak saw this and asked The shravak Dhandeva's residence is nearby. It appears that he has not come. Yes, in this gathering I don't see Dhanadeva, a merchant who lived in this city. Aryavar! Do you seek some one in this large crowd? He is my childhood friend. I will go myself to see how he fares. ing # In 170 ANM. (357 BC.) Sthulabhadra became the eighth head of the order in Bhagavan Mahavir's lineage. 28

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA Taking a few shravaks along, Acharyashri went Dhanadeva's wife offered a wooden seat to to the house of Dhanadeva whose wife came Acharyashri. running when she saw Gurudeva at the gate Gurudeva! Where is We have lost Bhagavan ! my childhood friend all our wealth and It is my lucky day. Dhanadeva? he has gone out The wish-fulfilling of town for tree has come to business. my house. Acharyashri came into the house. Acharyashri said There was a large wooden pillar exactly opposite where Acharyashri was sitting. He looked at it for some time. Lady! Pleasure and pain depend on karmas. See, how due to fruition of bad karmas the owner of abundant wealth is wandering around to earn. Then he uttered in surprise Such unlimited wealth and he still is a destitute ? After preaching for some time Acharyashri left.

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA A few days later Dhanadeva returned home. His wife said My lord! Arya Sthulabhadra visited. He was asking about you. How unfortunatel am a generous person came to my house and was wandering out. Did he say something ? Nothing special, my lord! He looked at this pillar and uttered that the owner of such great wealth is wandering around in search of money. Indeed, the influence of karmas. Is that so ? No act or utterance of great men is without meaning. T here must be something under this pillar. The wife closed the gates of the house. Dhanadeva himself started digging the ground around the pillar Great! See ! Golden treasure ! Dhanadeva ! took out pitchers filled with gold and gems from the earth and said gleefully Did I not tell that wherever the gaze of a great man falls treasure appears. This is the result of the divine gaze of Arya Sthulabhadra. COWOS ACT TINVAVAV 000C NAV OYOYOOP 30

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In a few days Dhanadeva regained his past wealth and grandeur and some more. One day he came to know that Acharyashri has come to Pataliputra. He sat in a chariot and came to the city. Going to the upashraya" he paid homage to Acharyashri m Gurudeva! In my absence you honoured my house with your visit. I feel blessed. MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA Religion is the only source of beatitude, # Ascetic-hostel. Oh Dhanadeval! You! Yes Gurudeva ! All this grandeur is due to your blessings. Your gaze changed my fate. I am at your command. This way Arya Sthulabhadra promoted religion for 35 years as Acharya. Lead a simple life. With the inspiration of Acharyashri, Dhanadeva became a vow-observing shravak. He spent many days with Acharyashri before returning home. Study and ponder over the scriptures Bhadra! Only piety is the source of unending bliss. 31 Take refuge of religion sincerely, you will gain salvation. Jan 04 Don't cause pain to any being with thought or action.

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MAHAYOGI STHULABHADRA When he entered the 100th year of One day he called the whole age he felt Sangh and said, Now I want to hand hand WIVU YO over the responsibility Now my body of the order to Arya Mahagiri and take the is extremely ultimate vow. weak. Getting free of all responsibilities of the order Arya Sthulabhadra went to Vaibharagiri hills. He sat on a rock and started his final meditation after taking the ultimate vow of abandoning food and all activity. After a fortnight of fasting and meditation he left his earthly body. The radiant sun of knowledge of that period had set. Arya Sthulabhadra was head of the order from 170 to 215 ANM. (356 to 291 BC.) THE END Sthulabhadra and Kosha Initiation by Arya Sambhutivijaya in 146 ANM Monsoon-stay in Kosha's mansion Promotion of religion as Acharya UMUNWVVD Display of miraculous power. 32 www.jainelibrary org

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The New Science of Vegetarian Foods Dear friends, Recent advances in nutrition research have provided insights on the power of foods to prevent and even reverse heart problems, reduce the risk of cancer and a host of other health problems, and add years to life. It is not just a question of getting the recommended daily allowance of vitamins or cutting down on fat. The power of truly healthful food choices comes from the combined effect of greatly reducing fat, particularly animal fat, avoiding cholesterol and contaminants, boosting fiber and cancer-fighting vitamins and minerals, and other factors in foods that are only gradually being discovered. Preventing Cancer A vegetarian diet helps to prevent cancer. Numerous epidemiological and clinical studies have shown that vegetarians are nearly 50 percent less likely to die from cancer than non-vegetarians. Similarly, breast cancer rates are dramatically lower in nations, such as China, that follow plant-based diets Interestingly, Japanese women who follow Westernstyle, meat-based diets are eight times more likely to develop breast cancer than women who follow a more traditional plant-based diet. Vegetarians also have lower rates of colon cancer than meat-eaters. Animal products are usually high in fat and always devoid of fiber. Meat and dairy products contribute to many forms of cancer, including cancer of the colon, breast, and prostate. Colon cancer has been directly linked to meat consumption. High fat diets also encourage the body's production of estrogens, in particular, estradiol. Increased levels of this sex hormone have been linked to breast cancer. One recent study linked dairy products to an increased risk of ovarian cancer. The process of breaking down the lactose (milk sugar) into galactose evidently damages the ovaries. Vegetarians avoid the animal fat linked to cancer and get abundant fiber and vitamins that help to prevent cancer. Inaddition, blood analysis of vegetarians reveals a higher level of Natural Killer Cells, specialized white blood cells that attack cancer cells. Beating Heart Disease Vegetarian diets also help prevent heart disease. Animal products are the main source of saturated fat and the only source of cholesterol in the diet. Vegetarians avoid these risky products. Additionally, fiber helps reduce cholesterol levels, and animal products contain no fiber. One study even demonstrated that a low-fat, High-fiber, vegetarian diet combined with stress reduction techniques, smoking cessation, and exercise could actually reverse atherosclerosis-hardening of the arteries. Heart diets that include animal products are much less effective, usually only slowing the process of atherosclerosis. Lowering Blood Pressure Back in the early 1900s, nutritionists noted that people who ate no meat had lower blood pressure. It was also discovered that vegetarian diets could, within two weeks, significantly reduce a person's blood pressure. These results were evident regardless of the sodium levels in the vegetarian diets. Preventing and Reversing Diabetes Non-insulin-dependent (adult-onset) diabetes can be better controlled and sometimes even eliminated through a low-fat, vegetarian diet along with regular exercise. Because such a diet is low in fat and high in fiber and complex carbohydrates, it allows insulin to work more effectively. The diabetic person can more easily regulate glucose levels. While a vegetarian die cannot eliminate the need for insulin in people with insulin-dependent (childhood-onset) diabetes, it can often reduce the amounts of insulin used. Some scientists believe that insulin dependent diabetes may be caused by an auto-immune reaction to dairy proteins. Gallstones, Kidney Stones and Osteoporosis Vegetarian diets have been shown to reduce one's chances of forming kidney stones and gallstones. Diets that are high in protein, especially animal protein, tend to cause the body to excrete more calcium, oxalate, and uric acid. These three substances are the main components of urinary tract stones. British reserchers have advised that persons with a tendency to form kidney stones should follow a vegetarian diet. Similarly, high-cholesterol, highfat diets-the typical meat-based diet--are implicated in the formation of gallstones. For many of the same reasons, vegetarians are at a lower risk for osteoporosis. Since animal products on International

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force calcium out of the body, eating meat can promote Although cases of B deficiency are very bone loss. In nations with mainly vegetable diets (and uncommon, it is important to make sure that one has without dairy product consumption), osteoporosis in a reliable source of the vitamin. Good sources include less common than in the U.S. even when calcium all common multiple vitamins (including vegetarian intake is also less than in the U.S. Calcium is vitamins), fortified cereals, and fortified soymilk. It is important, but there is no need to get calcium from especially important for pregnant women and breastdairy products. For more information on protecting feeding mothers to get enough vitamin B. your bones, contact PCRM for additional reference Special Concerns : Pregnancy, Infants, and materials and fact sheets. Children Asthma During pregnancy, nutritional needs increase. A 1985 Swedish study demonstrated that The American Dietetic Association has found vegan asthmatics who practice a vegan diet for a full year diets adequate for fulfilling nutritional needs during have a marked decrease in their need for medications, pregnancy, but pregnant women and nursing mother and in their frequency and severity of asthma attacks. should supplement their diets with vitamins B and D. Twenty-two of the 24 subjects reported improvement Most doctors also recommend that pregnant women by the end of the year. Dairy allergies may be part of supplement their diet with iron and folic acid, the reason. although vegetarians normally consume more folic Common Concerns acid than meat-eaters. Some people still worry about the ease with Vegetarian women have a lower incidence of which a vegetarian diet can provide all essential pre-eclampsia in pregnancy, and significantly more nutrients. The fact is, it is very easy to have a well pure breast milk. Analyses of vegetarians' breast milk balanced diet with vegetarian foods. Vegetarian foods show that the levels of environmental contaminants in provide plenty of protein. Careful combining of foods their milk are much lower than in non-vegetarians. in not necessary. Any normal variety of plant foods Studies have also shown that in families with a history provides more than enough protein for the body's of food allergies, when women abstain from allergenic needs. Although there is somewhat less protein in a foods, including milk, meat, and fish, during vegetarian diet than a meat-eater's diet, this is actually pregnancy, they are less likely to pass allergies on to an advntage. Excess protein has been linked to the infant. Mothers who drink milk pass cow kidney stones, osteoporosis, and possibly heart antibodies along to their nursing infants through their disease and some cancers. A diet focused on beans, breast milk. These antibodies can cause colic. whole grains, and vegetables contains adequate amounts of protein without the "overdose" most meat Vegetarian children also have high nutritional eaters get. needs, but these, too, are met within a vegetarian diet. Calcium is easy to find in a vegetarian diet. A vegetarian menu is life-extending. As young Many dark green leafy vegetables and beans are children, vegetarians may grow more gradually, reach loaded with calcium, and some orange juices and puberty somewhat later, and live substantially longer cereals are calcium-fortified. Iron is plentiful in whole than do meat-eaters. Do be sure to include a reliable source of vitamin B. grains, beans, and fruits. Vitamin B Further Reading Vitamin B is a genuine issue for vegans, For more information on vegetarian diets, although very easy to deal with. Traditionally, getting PCRM recommends : this vitamin has not been difficult. In cultures with Foods that Fight Pain, by Neal Barnard, M.D. plant-based diets, the microorganisms that produce B Eat Right, Live Longer, by Neal Barnard, M.D. grow in the soil and cling to root vegetables, and Food for Life, by Neal Barnard, M.D. traditional Asian miso and tempeh contain large amounts of the vitamin. But with industrialized The McDougall Plan, by John McDougall, M.D. production and improved hygiene, this source of B has Dr. Dcan Ornish's Program for Reversing Heart been eliminated. Meat-eaters get B through Disease, by Dean Ornish, M.D. microorganisms living in the animals they eat. Jai Jinendra Pramoda Chitrabhanu

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The belief in auspicious objects is very old in Indian culture. The Ashtamangala or eight auspicious objects are known to Jain worship from ancient times. These auspicious objects are used as decorating tops of architraves or ramparts or hung on the threshold of a house or painted on walls. It is believed that they bring luck and happiness in the family and houses. They are also found in Jain temples. The designs of the symbols may vary according to the time but the symbols remain the same. The ashtamangala are: F EIGHT AUSPICIOUS SYMBOLS (ASHTAMANGALA) Swastika: The first is swastika. Swastika signifies peace and well-being. Shrivatsa: The second is called shrivatsa. Vatsa means chest and shri means beauty. The middle of the chest is raised a little and on it there is a bunch of soft hair. This is called shrivatsa. Shrivatsa means a beautiful mark on Jina's chest. It is said that the highest knowledge has manifested itself from the heart of the Jina. Nandhyavarta: The third is nandhyavarta, the big swastika with nine corners. In mythology nine points in nandhyavarta indicates the treasure of nine types of material, mental, physical and spiritual wealth. Vardhamanaka : The fourth is vardhamanaka also known as sharav that means a shallow dish used for lamps. When one shallow dish is covered by another one, upside down, it appears like a box. This symbol is suggestive of increase of wealth, fame, merit etc. Bhadrasana: The fifth is bhadrasana (sinhasana) meaning throne. It is auspicious because it is sanctified by the feet of the blessed Lord Jina. Kalasha: The sixth is kalasha, a symbol of auspiciousness. It is a holy pitcher or a jug made of copper, silver, or steel. It is used for religious and social ceremonies. It is used in temples when certain images are being worshipped. When one enters a new home it is customary to carry the kalasha on the head and enter. One fills the kalasha with pure water that signifies wisdom and fullness and carries it in the new house and recites some mantras. This ceremony is performed to welcome grace and happiness into the new home. Minyugala: The seventh is minyugala meaning a pair of fish. It is a symbol of Cupid's banners coming to worship the Jina after the defeat of the God of Love. Darpana: The eighth is darpana meaning a mirror. The mirror reflects one's true self because of its clarity.

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vana-upavana meM vihAra karate hue aura khare-khaDe sAdhanA karate hue bhagavAna kaise lagate the? prathama bhikSA pAtrameM lI aprIti ho vahA~ nahIM rahanA Bhagavan walking in forest during his accomplishment and meditation and his first breaking fast (Parana) Picture taken from Illustrated TIRTHANKARA BHAGAWAN MAHAVIRA, EDITOR : SHRI YASHODEVSURIJI rary.org