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________________ bhagavAna mahAvIra 1. bhagavAna mahAvIra CCC ) 0 na ( e. samavasaraNamAM birAjI vAcanA ApatA bhagavAna mahAvIra Azare 2600 varSa pahelAM bhAratamAM dharmanuM svarUpa bahu ja vikRta thai gayuM hatuM. samAjanA cAra vargonI je varNavyavasthA hatIbrAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya ane zudra - te lagabhaga bhAMgI paDavAne Are hatI. brAhmaNo ja zikSita hatA ane potAnI jAtane zreSTha mAnatA. to bIjI bAju zudro pAse halakAmAM halakuM kAma karAvIne paNa samAjanI sevA karAvatA. teo bIjo koI kAma dhaMdho karI zake nahi. yajJo tyAganA pratIkanA badale hiMsAmaya banyA hatA. bhagavAnane prasanna karavA mATe pazuno bhoga Apavo e to sarvasAmAnya ghaTanA hatI. Izvara prasanna thaI temanI dareka icchA paripUrNa karaze tevuM mAnatA. AvI sAmAjika ane dhArmika paristhitimAM I. sa. pUrve pa99 nA caitra suda 13 nA divase bhagavAna mahAvIrano janma thayo. temano janma divasa eprila mAsamAM Ave ane tene ApaNe janmakalyANaka tarIke manAvIe chIe. bhagavAna mahAvIrano janma hAlanA bihAra rAjyamAM kSatriyakuMDa athavA kuMDalapuranA kSatriya rAjavI kuLamAM thayo hato. mAtA trizalA jaina kathA saMgraha
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________________ tIrthako vaizAlInA rAjA ceTakanAM bahena hatAM tathA pitA siddhArtha rAjavI kuLanA hatA. bhagavAna mahAvIrane naMdIvardhana nAme moTAbhAI tathA sudarzanA nAmanI bahena hatI. bhagavAna mahAvIra mAtAnA garbhamAM hatA tyArathI rAjavI kuTuMbamAM sonuM-cAMdI tathA rAjyamAM dhanadhAnyanI akalpita vRddhi thaI hovAthI temanuM nAma vardhamAna rAkhavAmAM AvyuM jeno artha 'vRddhi' evo thAya. T - |Ine kI liza pa6 dikyumArIo dvArA bhagavAna mahAvIrano janma mahotsava vardhamAna bALapaNathI ja nIDara, baLavAna, jJAnI ane premALa hatA. vidyAbhyAsamAM paNa teo khUba ja catura hatA. zikSaka emanuM jJAna joI Azcarya pAmatA. ekavAra gRha udyAnamAM AmalI-pIpaLInI ramata ramatA hatA tyAre jhADa para bhayaMkara viSadhara sApane vIMTaLAyelo joI, bIjA chokarAo DarIne nAsI gayA paNa vardhamAne DaryA vagara tene pakaDIne dUra mUkI dIdho. nIDaratAno guNa hoI vardhamAna vijayI banyA. vikarALa rAkSasa vardhamAnane DarAvavA Avyo paNa teve samaye temaNe temanI vIratA ane dhIratAno paraco batAvyo ane teo mahAvIra tarIke oLakhAyA. teo nAnI uMmare ja samajI gayA hatA ke bhautika sukha sAhyabI kAyama rahevAnA nathI ane te bIjAne du:khI ane gulAma ja banAve che. tethI temaNe bhautika sukha saMpatti tathA saMsAra tyAga karavAno nirNaya karyo. te jANatA hatA ke temanA nirNayathI mAtA-pitA duHkhI thaze eTale temanI hayAtI sudhI A vicAra darzAvyo nahi. teo 28 varSanA hatA tyAre temanAM mAtA-pitAnuM mRtyu thayuM. have emaNe saMsAranA tyAganI icchA darzAvI. mahAvIranA A nirNayathI mitro tathA anya sabhyo paNa duHkhI thayA eTale moTAbhAInA kahevAthI be varSa mATe emaNe saMsAra tyAgano vicAra mokupha rAkhyo. A samaya daramiyAna temaNe temanI saMpatti garIbo tathA jarUriyAtavALAne dAnamAM ApavA mAMDI. 18 jaina kathA saMgraha
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________________ bhagavAna mahAvIra aMte trIsa varSanI uMmare saMsAra tyAgI sAdhu banyA. bAra varSa ane cha mahinA bhagavAna mahAvIre dhyAna ane saMyamanI sAdhanAmAM lagabhaga maunapaNe pasAra karyA. pazu, pakSI tathA jhADapAnane paNa kyAreya potAnA hAthe duHkha na pahoMce tenuM khAsa dhyAna rAkhatA. emanI A sAdhanAmAM upavAsanA divaso vadhAre hatA. khullA page ghera ghera pharI gocarI letA ane samatApUrvaka jIvanamAM AvatA upadravone sahana karatA. A sADAbAra varSanA sAdhanAkALa daramiyAna emaNe - * bhayaMkara viSadhara caMDakauzikane premathI zAMta karyo. * baLada zodhatAM kheDUte kAnamAM khIlA ThokyA te paNa samatApUrvaka sahana karyA. * caMdanabALAnA bAkaLA svIkArI pAMca mAsa ane paccIza divasanA upavAsanuM pAraNuM karyuM. * grAmya azikSita loko dvArA thayelI kanaDagata ane pratikULa paristhitino sAmano zAMtithI ane kSamA bhAvanAthI karyo. A sAdhanAnA samaya daramiyAna temaNe AdhyAtmika pragati sAdhI cAreya ghAtI karmono nAza karyo. emaNe anaMta darzana, anaMta jJAna, anaMta cAritra ane anaMta vIryano sAkSAtkAra karyo. Ane kevaLajJAna prApta thayuM kahevAya che. have teo bhagavAna mahAvIra athavA mahAvIrasvAmI kahevAyA. bIjA 30 varSa sudhI samagra bhAratamAM khulle page vihAra karI sahune potAne sAkSAtkAra thayelA muktinA mArgano upadeza Apyo. mahAvIrasvAmInI dRSTie garIba ane tavaMgara, rAjA ane prajA, strI ane puruSa, sAdhu ane zAhajAdA, chUta ane achUta sahu samAna hatA ane AdhyAtmika pragatinA mArganA hakadAra hatA tethI ghaNI strIo paNa saMsArano tyAga karIne parama satyanI zodha mATe mahAvIrasvAmInA cIMdhelA mArge cAlI nIkaLI. mahAvIrasvAmIe caturvidha saMgha-sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka ane zrAvikAnI sthApanA karI. bhagavAna mahAvIre vyAkhyAnarUpe je dharmopadeza Apyo te temanA anuyAyIoe sUtrarUpe 12 zAstromAM sAcavyo jene 'aMga Agama sUtra' kahevAya che. zrutakevalI AcAryoe Agama sUtranI vizeSa samajaNa ApatA ghaNAM zAstro racyAM. A badhA ja zAstrone jaina dharmagraMtho kahevAya che ane e dharmagraMtho AgamanA nAmathI oLakhAya che. maukhika paraMparA dvArA sacavAyelA A zAstro lagabhaga paMdaraso varSa pahelAM pahelI vakhata tADapatrI para lakhAyA hatA. keTalAka pustako sacavAyA che to keTalAka nAza pAmyAM che. janma-mRtyunA pherAmAMthI mukti meLavI aMtima parama zAMti kema meLavavI e ja emano uddeza hato. Ane ja nirvANa kaho ke mokSa. A meLavavA mATe karmano nAza karavo paDe ane karmamAMthI mukti meLavavI paDe. lobha, mAna, mAyA, tiraskAra, krodha jevA pApasthAnakothI karmano baMdha thAya che. dhIme dhIme te karmo UMDA mULa nAMkhI bhavobhavanA pherAmAM bhaTakAve che. bhagavAna mahAvIre samyagu darzana, samyagu jJAna ane samyaka cAritra dvArA karmamAMthI kema mukti meLavavI ane dharmanA sAcA mArge vaLI Atmika zAMti kema meLavavI te zIkhavyuM. jaina kathA saMgraha 19
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________________ 20 tIrthaMkaro teoe AtmakalyANa sAdhavA mATe pAMca mahAvrata pALavAnuM kahyuM : |ahiMsA koIpaNa kAraNasara mana-vacana-kAyAthI koI paNa prANInI hiMsA na karavI. koI jIvane duHkha ApavAno adhikAra ApaNane nathI. satya haMmezA satya bolavuM, ane jo te satya koIne paNa duHkha, pIDA thAya tevuM hoya to mauna rahevuM. acaurya (asteya) aNahakanuM ane vaNa ApyuM koInuM kazuM levuM nahi. brahmacarya pAMca indriyonA sukhamAM temaja kAmabhogamAM potAnI jAtane pravRtta na karavI. aparigraha vyakti, vastu ke jagatanA bhautika sukho ApatI cIjothI saMpUrNapaNe mukta thavuM. saMgraha na karavo. jaino A pAMce niyamone yathAzakti mArgadarzaka siddhAMta tarIke potAnA jIvanamAM utAre che, ane bhavobhavanA pherAmAMthI mukti meLave che. anekAMtavAdanA tattvajJAnane jIvanamAM utArI sAdhu sAdhvI A niyamone cUsta rIte pALI zake che, jyAre zrAvaka zrAvikAone pAlanamAM keTalIka maryAdA naDe che. jainadharmanA siddhAMtone jeo yogya rIte samajaze ane cUsta rIte tene amalamAM mUkaze teo vartamAna jIvanamAM paramasukha ane AnaMdano anubhava karaze, AvanArA bhavamAM vadhu ucca AdhyAtmika jIvana meLavaze ane aMte mokSasukhane pAmaze. 72 varSanI pUrNa varSa (I.sa. pUrve 527) bhagavAna mahAvIranuM nirvANa thayuM. zuddha zAzvata AtmA A nazvara dehane choDIne cAlyo gayo. bhagavAnanA nirvANano divasa hiMdu ane jaina paMcAMgano aMtima divasa-dIpAvalIno divasa hato. bhagavAna mahAvIranA upadezanA arthasabhara muddAo : mahAvIrasvAmIe dharmane sahaja ane saraLa banAvyo. gUMcavADAbharI dhArmika kriyAthI mukta karyo. temano upadeza AtmAnI zAzvata suMdaratA ane ekasUtratAno paDagho pADe che. mahAvIrasvAmIe mAnava jIvanano artha ane tenA pratyenA hakArAtmaka abhigamane zIkhavADyo. mAnavazarIra bhale e hADakAM, lohI ane mAMsanuM banela che paNa te anaMta jJAna, anaMta darzana, anaMta sukhatayA anaMtavIryathI bharapUra AtmAnuM nivAsa sthAna che. dareka jIva pachI te game te kada, AkAra, rUpa ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa vALo hoya paNa te samAna ja che. ApaNe tene mAna ApavuM ja joIe. e tArA paraspara prema bhAvanA khIlavavI. mahAvIrasvAmI, bhagavAnane sarjanahAra, rakSaNakartA tathA vinAzakartA tarIke svIkAratA nathI. vaLI teo deva-devIonI vyaktigata lAbha mATe bhakti karavAnI paNa nA pADe che. bhagavAna mahAvIranA upadezone cAra bhAgamAM vaheMcI zakAya : 1. jIvanadRSTi : AcArAMga upadezagraMthamAM teo kahe che "dareka jIvane potAnuM jIvana priya che" - jevuM ApaNane jIvana vahAlu che tevuM bIjAne paNa vahAlu che.. 2. jIvanazuddhi : ahiMsA, saMyama, tapa vagerethI jIvanatattvanI pUrNa zuddhatA, AdhyAtmika sAdhanA dvArA zakya che. : 3. raheNIkaraNInuM (AcAranuM) parivartana H bhagavAna mahAvIra kahe che ke jyAM sudhI raheNIkaraNInuM parivartana na thAya, tyAM sudhI jIvanadRSTi ane jIvanazuddhi anubhavamAM na Ave. taddana saraLa, sAduM ane niSkapaTa jIvana jIvavuM. 4. puruSArtha : bhagavAna mahAvIra kahe che ke saMyama, cAritra, sAdI raheNIkaraNI mATe puruSArtha karavo. Izvara ke daivI jaina thA saMgraha
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________________ bhagavAna mahAvIra kRpAnI apekSA nahi paraMtu sAdhaka svayaM puruSArtha karIne vAsanA, krodha, lobha, mAna, mAyA vagere sAme aDagapaNe jhUjhavAnuM parAkrama kare ane tene jIte te ja sAco puruSArtha. hati (feii jatI pAvApurImAM bhagavAna mahAvIrano aMtima upadeza jaina dharma mAne che che mAnava mAtra mokSa maeNLavavA zaktimAna che. mukta AtmAne siddha OM bhagavAna mAnavAmAM Ave che. A yuganA bhagavAna mahAvIra covIsamA ane aMtima tIrthakara che. bhagavAna mahAvIranaoN ahiMsA, satya, acaurce brahmacarthya ane aparigrahano saMdeza vaizvaka karuNAthI bharaeNlaoN che. cAraoNna( RaighatAmAM rahela ane 201(kAvavuM e ja bhagavAna mahAvIrano anekAMtavAda, aza bIjA tIrthaMkaronI jema bhagavAna mahAvIre paNa jaina dharmane jIvaMta rAkhavA mATe zrI catavaidha jaina saMghanI zAmela vyavathA zaya karI je Aje paNa cAlu che. bhagavAna mahAvIranA upadezane aoNka hatapratomAM sAcavavAmAM AvyA che. je AgamasUtra athavA Agama tarIThuM smaoNLakhAya che. jaina kathA saMgraha