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________________ bhagavAna mahAvIrakA samAjadarzana isameM saMdeha nahIM, ki vartamAna yugameM jahA~ eka ora manuSyakI AdhyAtmika vicAradhArA samApta huI hai vahIM dUsarI ora vijJAnakI bhautika cakAcauMdhameM bilAsatA jIvanakI AvazyakatAoMkA rUpa dhAraNa karake manuSyake sarapara nAcane lagI hai| Aja manuSyake liye itanA hI vasa nahIM hai, ki peTa bharaneke lie use khAnA mila jAya aura tana Dhakaneke liye vastra, kintu manuSyakI AvazyakatAoMke bar3ha jAnese dhovIke rahanekI jhopar3I Aja 'vAziMga zApa' banI huI hai, nAIkI bAla banAnekI mAmUlI peTIne 'heyara kaTiMga sailUna'kA rUpa dhAraNa kara liyA hai, darjI kevala darjI na rahakara 'Telara mAsTara' kahe jAne lage haiM aura bajArU hoTala tathA sinemA ghara bhI manuSyakI AvazyakatAoMkI pUrti karanevAle hI mAne jAne lage haiN| Aja sAdhAraNa-se-sAdhAraNa vyaktike vyaktike ghara jAyA jAya, to vahA~ bhI kama-se-kama bAla banAneke lie eka rez2ara, nahAneke lie bar3hiyA sAbuna, bAla savAraneke liye sugandhita telakI zIzI, kaMghA aura darpaNa, cAya pIneke liye kapa-rakAbI aura bAjAra meM ghUmate samaya hAthameM lene ke lie acchI lambI-caur3I beTarI Adi cIjeM avazya hI dekhaneko mileNgii| isake atirikta pratyeka manuSyake antaHkaraNameM sundara vilAsa-bhavana, bijalIkI rozanI, bijalIke paMkhe, hAramoniyama, grAmofona, reDiyo, TIbI, rephrijareTara, moTara Adi vilAsakI saikar3oM cIjeM pAnekI kalpanAyeM nirvAdha gatise apanA sthAna banAtI jA rahI haiN| __manuSyakI ukta AvazyakatAoMkI pUrtike lie aTUTa paisekI AvazyakatA hai / jisa manuSyake pAsa jitanA adhika paisA hogA vaha manuSya vilAsako utanI hI adhika sAmagrI AvazyakatAke nAmapara saMgrahIta kara sakatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki pratyeka manuSyakI dRSTi nyAya aura anyAyakA bhedarahita chala-bala Adi sAdhanoM dvArA paisA saMgraha karanekI ora hI jhukI huI hai / bhikhArI, majadUra, kisAna, jamIMdAra, sAhUkAra, munIma, klarka, AphIsara, vyApArI, rAjA, pujArI, zikSaka, dharmopadezaka, dharmapAlaka aura sAdhu-santa Adi kisIko bhI Aja isa dRSTikA apavAda nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| gata dvitIya mahAyuddhane to pratyeka manuSyakI ukta dRSTiko aura bhI kaThora banA diyA hai, jisake pariNAmasvarUpa Aja mAnavasamaSTi bilakUla asta-vyasta ho cukI hai aura koI bhI vyakti apaneko sukhI anubhava nahIM kara rahA hai| paisA saMgraha karanekI bhAvanAne hI mAnavasamAjameM jabardasta Arthika viSamatA utpanna kara dI hai, kyoMki paisA kamAneke bar3e-bar3e sAdhana paise ke balapara hI khar3e kiye jA sakate haiM; isalie sampattike utpAdanameM paiseko hI mahattvapUrNa sAdhana mAna liyA gayA hai aura parizramakA isa viSayameM kucha bhI mUlya nahIM raha gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jina logoMke pAsa paisA hai una logoMne paisA kamAneke bar3e-bar3e sAdhana khar3e kara liye haiM aura una sAdhanoMke jariye ve vizvako samasta sampattiko kevala apane pAsa hI saMgrahIta kara leneke prayatnameM lage hue haiN| isa prakAra eka ora jahA~ paise vAloMke khajAne dina-pratidita binA parizramake bharate cale jA rahe hai vahA~ dUsarI ora unake isa kArya meM apane khUna aura pasInAko eka kara denevAle majadUra peTa bharaneko bhojana aura tana Dhakaneko vastra taka pAneke liye tarasA karate haiN| mAnavasamaSTiko bhasmasAta kara denevAlI vartamAna viSama paristhitise Ajake vicArazIla logoMke mastiSkameM vicAroMkI krAMti utpanna kara dI hai aura usa paristhitikA khAtmA karane ke liye sAmyavAdI aura samAjavAdI Adi bhinna-bhinna dala kAyama ho cuke haiM aura hote jA rahe haiM / ye sabhI dala apane-apane dRSTikoNake AdhArapara mAnavasamaSTikI bartamAna viSaya paristhitikA zIghra hI anta kara denA cAhate hai / ukta daloMke daramyAna nItisambandhI matabheda kitane hI kyoM na hoM, phira bhI jahA~taka mAnavasamaSTikI vartamAna Arthika viSamatAkA savAla
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________________ 6 / saMskRti aura samAja : 27 hai vahA~taka ina daloMkI vicAradhArA meM prAyaH kucha bhI bheda nahIM hai| rUsako sAmyavAdI sarakArako nItimeM mUlataH Arthika samAnatAko sthAna prApta hI haiM parantu bhinna-bhinna dezoMkI samAjavAdI sarakAreM bhI Arthika viSamatAko dUra karanekI dRSTise hI udyoga-dhandhoMkA rASTrIyakaraNa karanekI ora agrasara hotI jA rahI haiN| ___ yadyapi vartamAna vikAsake yugameM mAnavasamaSTise Arthika viSamatAko naSTa kara denA asambhava nahIM hai, parantu itanA nizcita hai ki kevala zAsanatantrakI kAnUnI vyavasthAke AdhArapara hI ise naSTa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / isako naSTa karaneke liye kAnunI vyavasthAke sAtha-sAtha pratyeka mAnavako apane kartavyako samajhanekI bhI anivArya AvazyakatA hai| isake binA zAsanatantrakI vizuddha kAnUnI vyavasthA vilkula bekAra hai / sAmyavAdI rUsako pahale nizcita kiye gaye apane dRSTikoNameM aba isaliye kucha parivartana karanA par3A hai aura yahI kAraNa hai ki kAnUnI vizvake sabhI dezoMmeM prajAtantra athavA rAjatantrake rUpameM sthApita zAsanatantrake sAtha-sAtha dharmatantra kI bhI sthApanA kI gayI hai / bhAratavarSameM to sAmAjika suvyavasthA zAsanatantrakI apekSA dharmasaMghako hI agrima sthAna milA huA hai / vizvabandha mahAtmA gAMdhIne vizuddha rAjanItiko nagaNya aura tuccha mAnate hue vizvake sAmane aura vizeSakara bhAratavarSake sAmane dharmatantrakI mahattAke isa Adarzako punaH sthApita kara diyA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki sAmyavAdI athavA samAjavAdI sarakAroM dvArA udyogadhandhoMkA rASTrIyakaraNa kara deneke bAda bhI mAnavasamaSTise Arthika viSamatAko dUra karane ke liye pratyeka vyaktikI kucha-na-kucha javAbadArI avazya hI zeSa raha jAtI hai, jise vyakti mAnavasamaSTike prati nizcita kiye gaye apane karttavyajJAna dvArA hI pUrA kara sakatA hai aura usako isa prakArakA kartavyapanA dharmatantrake dvArA hI prApta ho sakatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIrane dharmatantrakI mahattAke isa tathyako bhalI prakAra samajha liyA thA, isIliye unhoMne apane yugakI sAmAjika durvyavasthAko ThIka karaneke liye arthAt mAnavasamaSTise zoSaka aura zoSyake bhedako naSTa karaneke liye dharmatantrake AdhArapara pratyeka mAnavako aparigrahavAdake apanAnekA upadeza diyA thaa| isa siddhAntake anusAra AtmArthI lokottara mahApuruSa sAdha-santa vagairaha AtmakalyANake uddezyase AdhyAtmikatAke uccatama zikharapara pahuMcate hue jahAM parigrahakA sarvathA tyAga kara diyA karate the vahAM samAjake bIca meM rahanevAle gArhasthyamArgake pathika jana-sAdhAraNake liye ukta aparigrahavAda' ke AdhArapara 'a-ISat-(alpa), arthAt AvazyakatAnusAra parigraha rakhanekI chUTa bhI pradAna kI gayI thI aura isako bhagavAna mahAvIrakI dhArmika paribhASAmeM "parigrahaparimANavrata" nAma diyA gayA thaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIrakA yuga isa samaya jaisA bhautika vijJAnakA yuga nahIM thA, usa yugameM koI bhI udyogadhandhA kala-kArakhAnoMse sambaddha nahIM thA, pratyeka udyoga aura pratyeka dhandhA kevala manuSyake / hastakauzalameM hI sImita thaa| isaliye eka to isa prakArakI Arthika viSamatA-"eka ora to karor3oMkI sampatti tijoriyoMke andara banda rahe aura dUsarI ora bhUkhe tathA naMge narakaMgAla Ama rAstoMpara mAre-mAre phireM; eka ora pUMjIpati loga hajAroM majadUroMko apanA Arthika gulAma banAkara binA parizramake hI lAkhoM rupayA kamAyeM aura dUsarI ora majadUra kar3I-se-kar3I-mehanata karaneke bAda bhI pauSTika bhojana, acche vastra aura baccoM kI zikSAke sAdhana bhI na juTA pAyeM" usa samaya na thii| dUsare, ukta parigrahaparimANavatake jariye bhagavAna mahAvIrane pratyeka mAnavako apane puruSArthase paidA kiye gaye dravyakA bhI samaSTike hitameM upayoga karanA sikhalAyA thaa| bhagavAna mahAvIrane ahiMsAvAdake jariye "saroMko jIne do" ke pracArake sAtha-sAtha "aparigrahavAdake jariye dUsaroMko jIvita rakhanekA prayatna bhI karo" kA bhI pracAra kiyA thaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra cUMki paralokako mAnate the isaliye unhoMne mAnava samaSTiko aparigrahavAdakI ora
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________________ 28 : sarasvato-varavaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcAyaM abhinandana-grantha jhukAneke lie isa bAtakA dRr3hatAke sAtha pracAra kiyA thA ki punarbhavameM manuSya yoni usI vyaktiko mila sakatI hai jo parigrahaparimANavatI hokara arthAt AvazyakatAke anusAra parigraha svIkAra karake hI apane jIvanakAryoMkA saMcAlana kiyA karatA hai aura jo isa prakArakI AvazyakatAse adhika parigraha rakhanekA prayatna karatA hai usako punarbhavameM nizcita hI narakayonike kaSTa bhogane par3ate haiM / isakA matalaba yaha hai ki AvazyakatAse adhika parigraha rakhanekA artha dUsareke hakakA apaharaNa karanA hI to hai aura jo isa tarahase dUsareke hakakA apaharaNa karatA hai use prakRti isa prakArakA daNDa detI hai ki punarbhavameM use jIvana-kAryoMke saMcAlanakI sAmagrI aprApya hI rahA karatI hai| yahA~para yaha bAta avazya hI dhyAnameM rakhanA cAhie ki yadyapi pratyeka manuSyakI jIvanasambandhI khone pAne pahinane-or3hane aura nivAsa vagairahakI AvazyakatAyeM samAna hai phira bhI koI vyakti to sirpha apane jIvanakI javAbadArI bahana karatA hai, koI vyakti choTe yA bar3e eka kuTumbake jIvanakI javAbadArI bahana karatA hai aura koI vyakti isase bhI Age bahutase kuTumboMkI javAbadArI bahana karatA hai| isalie isa AdhArapara bhinna-bhinna manuSyoMkI AbazyakatAyeM bhI taratamarUpase bhinna-bhinna hI rahA karatI haiN| aura isa AdhArapara parigrahakA parimANa bhI kiyA gayA hai|