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________________ bhagavAn mahAvIra kA jIvana aura darzana - DaoN. sAgaramala jaina bhagavAn mahAvIra kA janma bauddhika jAgaraNa ke yuga meM huA thaa| usa yuga meM bhArata meM hamAre aupaniSadika RSi nita- nUtana cintana prastuta kara rahe the| mahAvIra aura buddha bhI usI vaicArika krAMti ke krama meM Ate haiN| lekina prazna yaha uThatA hai ki mahAvIra kI vizeSatA kyA thI ? buddha kI vizeSatA kyA thI ? yaha eka sunizcita tathya hai ki koI bhI mahApuruSa apane yuga kI paristhitiyoM kI paidAiza hotA hai| mahAvIra aura buddha jaba isa bhUmaNDala para Aye unake sAmane do prakAra kI samasyAe~ thiiN| eka ora vaicArika saMgharSa thA dUsarI ora manuSya apanI mAnavIya garimA aura mUlyavattA ko bhUlatA jA rahA thA / mahAvIra ne jo mukhya kArya kiyA vaha yaha ki unhoMne manuSya ko usakI vismRta mahattA yA garimA kA bodha kraayaa| agara mahAvIra ke jIvana darzana ko do zabdoM meM kahanA ho to hama kaheMge vicAra meM udAratA aura AcAra meM kaThoratA / vaicArika kSetra meM mahAvIra kI jIvana dRSTi jitanI udAra, sahiSNu aura samanvayavAdI rahI, AcAra ke kSetra meM mahAvIra kA darzana utanA hI kaThora rhaa| mahAvIra ke jIvana ke sandarbha meM hamAre sAmane eka bAta bahuta hI spaSTa hai, vaha yaha ki vaha vyakti rAja parivAra meM, sampanna parivAra meM janma letA hai lekina phira bhI vaha usa sAre vaibhava ko ThukarA detA hai aura zramaNa jIvana aMgIkAra kara letA hai| Akhira aisA kyoM karatA hai ? usake pIche kyA uddezya hai ? kyA mahAvIra ne yaha socakara saMnyAsa le liyA ki bhramaNa yA saMnyAsI hokara hI mukti prApta kI jA sakatI ? aisI bAta nahIM thI, kyoMki mahAvIra ne svayaM hI AcArAMga meM kahA hai "gAme vA raNe vA" dharma sAdhanA gAMva meM bhI ho sakatI hai aura araNya meM bhI ho sakatI hai| phira mahAvIra ne saMnyAsa kA mArga kyoM cunA ? uttara spaSTa hai " samicca loe kheyanne paveie" samasta loka kI pIr3A ko jAnakara aura jagat ko duHkha aura pIr3A se mukta karane ke lie mahAvIra ne saMnyAsa dhAraNa kiyaa| ve apane vaiyaktika jIvana se eka aisA Adarza pratiSThita karanA cAhate the, jise sammukha rakhakara ke vyakti mAnavatA ke kalyANa kI dizA meM Age bar3ha sakatA hai / sambhavataH prazna yaha ho sakatA hai ki lokamaMgala aura lokakalyANa ke lie zramaNatva kyoM Avazyaka hai ? mitroM ! hama Aja ke yuga meM bhI dekhate haiM ki jaba taka vyakti kahIM bhI apane nijI svArthoM se aura vaiyaktika tathA pArivArika kalyANa se jur3A hotA hai taba taka vaha samyak rUpa se lokakalyANa kA sampAdana nahIM kara sktaa| cAhe Apa usako lokakalyANa adhikArI kyoM nahIM banA deM kyA vaha lokakalyANa kara sakegA ? vyakti jaba taka apane svArthoM evaM hitoM se Upara nahIM uTha jAtA hai, taba taka vaha lokamaMgala kA sRjana nahIM kara sakatA /
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________________ 15 bhagavAna mahAvIra kA jIvana aura darzana lokamaMgala ke sRjana ke lie nijI sukhAkAMkSAoM se, svArthoM se, aham se, maiM aura mere ke bhAva se Upara uThanA Avazyaka hotA hai| isIlie cAhe ve mahAvIra hoM yA cAhe buddha hoM yA anya koI, lokamaMgala ke lie to apane Apako pUrI taraha se laukika aiSaNAoM, vAsanAoM aura kaSAyoM se Upara uThAnA hogaa| mamatva aura merepana ke ghere ko samApta karanA hogaa| mahAvIra ke sambandha meM jo bAta maiM Apake sAmane prastuta karane jA rahA hU~ usameM mukhya hai mahAvIra kI vaicArika udaartaa| samAja meM agara koI saMgharSa hai to usa saMgharSa kA samAdhAna vaicArika udAratA ke binA sambhava nahIM hai| vicAroM ke prati bhI mamatva yA Agraha ko samApta karanA hogaa| isalie mahAvIra ne to kabhI yaha bhI nahIM kahA ki maiM kisI navIna dharma kA pravartana kara rahA hU~ na koI navIna siddhAnta tumheM de rahA huuN| mahAvIra ne vinaya bhAva se yahI kahA ki -- "samiyAe Ayarie dhamme paveie" AryajanoM ke samabhAva meM dharma kahA hai| mahAvIra kI isa vinamratA aura udAratA ko samajhiye aura usase preraNA lijiye / AcArAMga meM ve kahate haiM -- "je arahantA bhagavantA paDipunnA, je vA AgamissA, je vA Asi te sabce ima bhAsaMti, paruti savve sattA na hantavyA, esa dhammo suddho Nicco saasyo|" jo arahaMta ho cuke haiM, jo hoMge aura jo haiM, ve saba eka hI bAta kahate haiM ki kisI bhI prANI ko duHkha yA pIr3A nahIM denA caahie| yahI zuddha nitya aura zAzvata dharma hai| isalie merA nivedana hai ki mahAvIra ko kisI dharma vizeSa ke sAtha bA~dhe nhiiN| unako kisI eka dharma aura sampradAya ke sAtha bA~dha karake hama unake sAtha nyAya nahIM kara paayeNge| mujhe Azcarya lagatA hai ki jaba vidrAn yaha kahate haiM ki bhagavAna mahAvIra jaina dharma ke pravartaka hai| mitroM vicAra kreN| yaha jaina zabda kaba kA hai ? chaThI zatAbdI ke pahale hameM "jaina" zabda kA kahIM ullekha hI nahIM miltaa| jaba bhI mahAvIra se koI unakA paricaya pachatA thA to ve kahate the-- maiM zramaNa hU~, nirgantha huuN| nirgantha kauna ho sakatA hai ? mahAvIra kahate the "je maNaM parijANai se nirganthe -- jo mana kA draSTA hai vahI nirgantha hai| mahAvIra apane Apako kisI dhere meM bAMdha karake khar3A honA hI nahIM cAhate the| jo bhI mana kA draSTA hai, jo apane vicAroM kA, vikAroM kA aura apanI vAsanAoM kA sAkSI hai, draSTA hai vahI nirgandha hai| apane hRdaya kI granthi ko dekha lenA, yahI nirganya kI pahacAna hai| unakI sAdhanA yAtrA prArambha hotI thI antaradarzana se. andara jhAMkane se| yahI unakA Atmadarzana thaa| mahAvIra ne jo sikhAyA vaha yahI ki vyakti apane andara dekheM, apane Apako prkhe| kyoMki yahI vaha mArga thA jo ki vyakti ko apane AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI dizA meM le jAtA hai| mahAvIra ne sampUrNa jIvana meM jo kucha kahA aura jo kucha kiyA usakA mUlabhUta sAra tattva yahI hai| mahAvIra jIvana paryanta yahI kahate rahe -- jJAtA aura draSTA bno| yahI vaha mUla AdhAra hai jahA~ sthita hokara Atma vizleSaNa ke dvArA hama apanI aura samAja kI sArI samasyAoM ko samajha sakate haiN| Aja hamArA durbhAgya yaha hai ki hama apane bhItara ke vAsanAoM
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________________ DaoN. sAgaramala jaina 16 aura kaSAyoM ke kUr3e-kacare ko na dekhakara, apitu usa para sunahalA AvaraNa DAla karake apanA jIvana vyavahAra calAnA cAhate hai| isake kAraNa na kevala hamArA jIvana viSAkta banatA hai apitu sAmAjika pariveza bhI viSAkta banatA hai| mahAvIra ne kahA thA ki jaba taka tuma apane Apako vAsanAoM aura kaSAyoM se Upara nahIM uThA sakate taba taka tuma lokamaMgala kI sAdhanA nahIM kara skte| hama jAnate haiM ki mahAvIra ke jIvana ke sAr3he bAraha varSa kaThora sAdhanA ke varSa hai| una varSoM meM unhoMne koI upadeza nahIM diyaa| jainoM kI eka paramparA to yahA~ taka kahatI hai ki usake bAda bhI bhagavAn bole nhiiN| lekina Aja hama saba adhika mukhara ho gaye haiN| hama bolate adhika haiM aura karate kama hai| mahAvIra ne bolA bahuta alpa aura kiyA bahuta adhik| mahAvIra kA darzana thA ki yadi Apa apane jIvana ko pariSkArita kara lete haiM to ApakA jIvana hI bolegaa| aise vyakti ke lie zAbdika upadeza dene kI bhI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, kyoMki usakI jIvana zailI hI upadeza hai| Aja hamArA durbhAgya yaha hai ki hamArA jIvana nahIM bolatA hai, hama mAtra upadeza dete haiN| mahAvIra ke jIvana aura darzana meM kitanI vyApakatA evaM udAratA thI, isakI kalpanA hama mahAvIra ko jaina dharma ke caukhaTe meM khar3A karake nahIM dekha sakate / buddha aura mahAvIra donoM ke sAtha sambhavataH yaha anyAya huA hai ki eka varga vizeSa ne jaba unheM apanA liyA to dUsare varga ne unase apanA sambandha viccheda kara liyaa| agara hama jainadharma aura bauddhadharma ke prAcInatama svarUpa ko dekheM to jJAta hogA ki mahAvIra aura buddha bhArata kI usI RSi paramparA ke aMga hai, jinake ullekha vaidika paramparA ke upaniSadoM meM jaina paramparA ke RSibhASita aura uttarAdhyayana meM tathA bauddha paramparA ke theragAthA aura suttanipAta meM milate haiN| mujhe apane adhyayana ke daurAna RSibhASita ke adhyayana kA saubhAgya milA hai| prAkata kA yaha grantha, jo kisI samaya jaina Agama sAhitya kA eka bhAga thA, zatAbdiyoM se jainoM meM bhI upekSita banA rhaa| jahA~ usameM nirInya paramparA ke pArzva aura mahAvIra ke vacanoM kA saMkalana hai, vahIM usameM aupaniSadika paramparA ke nArada, aruNa, uddAlaka aura bhAradvAja Adi kA, bauddha paramparA ke vajjIputta aura sAriputta, mahAkAzyapa Adi kA tathA anya zramaNa paramparAoM ke maMkhalIgozAla, saMjaya velaTThIphutta Adi kA bhI ullekha hai| una sabake lie arhata isI vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| granthakAra ke lie mahAvIra bhI arhat RSi haiM to uddAlaka Adi bhI arhat RSi yadi Apa usa grantha ko par3he to Apako yaha spaSTa laga sakatA hai ki vaha grantha kisI paramparA ke Agraha se jur3A huA nahIM hai| mahAvIra ne jo vaicArika udAratA dI thI usI kA pariNAma yaha grantha thaa| sambhavataH jo durbhAgya pratyeka mahApuruSa ke sAtha hotA hai, vahI mahAvIra ke sAtha bhI ghaTita huaa| kucha loga unake AsapAsa gherA banA karake khar3e ho gaye aura isa prakAra ve samAja ke anya vargoM se kaTa gye| agara hama Aja bhI bhAratIya cintana kI udAra cetanA ko samyak rUpa se kucha samajhanA cAhate haiM to maiM Apase kahU~gA ki hameM upaniSadoM RSibhASita aura dheragAthA jaise granthoM kA niSpakSa bhAva se adhyayana karanA caahie| mitroM agara bauddha yaha samajhate
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________________ 17gavAna mahAvIra kA jIvana aura darzana raheM ki theragAthA ke sAre "thera" bauddha se aura jaina yaha samajhate raheM ki "isibhAsiyAI" ke sAre RSi jaina the, to isase bar3I bhrAnti aura koI nahIM hogii| thera gAthA meM varddhamAna thera haiM aura yaha varddhamAna dhera lichavI putra haiM yaha bAta usakI aTThakathA kaha rahI hai, to kyA hama yaha mAne ki varddhamAna buddha kA ziSya yA bauddha thaa| mitroM hamArA jo prAcIna sAhitya hai vaha udAra aura vyApaka dRSTi se yukta hai aura mahAvIra ne jo hamako jIvana dRSTi dI thI -- vaha dRSTi thI vaicArika udAratA kii| Apako maiMne apane vaktavya ke pUrva meM saMketa kiyA thA ki mahAvIra aura buddha jisa kAla meM janmeM the vaha dArzanika cintana kA kAla thaa| aneka mata-matAMtara, aneka dRSTikoNa, aneka vicAradhArAyeM upasthita thiiN| mahAvIra aura buddha donoM ke sAmane yaha prazna thA, manuSya ina vibhinna dRSTikoNoM meM kisako satya khe| mahAvIra ne kahA ki sabhI bAteM apane-apane dRSTikoNa yA apekSA bheda se satya ho sakatI hai, isalie kisI ko bhI galata mata kaho jabaki buddha ne kahA ki tuma ina dRSTiyoM ke prapaMca meM mata par3o, kyoMki ye duHkha vimukti meM sahAyaka nahIM hai| eka ne ina vibhinna dRSTiyoM se Upara uThAne kI bAta kahI to dUsare ne una dRSTiyoM ko samanvaya ke sUtra meM pirone kI bAta khii| sUtrakRtAmasUtra meM mahAvIra kahate hai -- "sayaM sayaM pasaMsaMtA garahaMtA paraM vyN| je u tatva viussaMti saMsAre te viussiyaa"|| jo apane-apane mata kI prazaMsA karate haiM aura dUsare ke matoM kI nindA karate hai aura jo satya ko vidrUpita karate haiM ve saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kreNge| Aja hamAre durbhAgya se deza meM dharma ke nAma para saMgharSa ho rahe haiN| kyA vastutaH saMgharSa kA kAraNa dharma hai ? kyA dharma saMgharSa sikhAtA hai / mitroM mUla bAta to yaha hai ki hama dharma ke utsa ko hI nahIM samajhate haiM, hama nahIM jAnate haiM ki vastutaH dharma kyA hai ? hama to dharma ke nAma para Aropita kucha karmakANDoM, kucha rur3hiyoM yA kucha vyaktiyoM se apane ko bAMdha karake yaha kahate haiM yahI dharma hai| mahAvIra ne isa taraha ke kisI bhI dharma kA upadeza nahIM diyaa| mahAvIra ne kahA thA ki "dhammo suddhassa ciTThaI" dharma to zuddha citta meM rahatA hai| dharma "ujubhUyassa" citta kI saralatA meM hai| vastutaH jahA~ saralatA hai, sahajatA hai, vahIM dharma hai| dharma hai kyA ? mahAvIra ne kahA thA ki "samiyAe Ayarie dhamme pavvaiye" samabhAva meM samatva kI sAdhanA meM hI Arya janoM ne dharma kahA hai| mahAvIra kahate hai ki jahA~ bhI samatva kI sAdhanA hai, jahA~ bhI vyaktiyoM ko tanAva se mukta karane kA koI prayatna hai, vaiyaktika jIvana aura sAmAjika jIvana se tanAva aura saMgharSa ko samApta karane kA koI prayAsa hai, vahIM dharma hai| aisA dharma cAhe Apa use jaina kaheM, bauddha kaheM, hindU kaheM vaha dharma, dharma hai aura sabhI mahApuruSa dharma ke isI utsa kA pravartana karate hai| ___mahAvIra kA jo jIvana aura darzana hai vaha hamAre sAmane isa bAta ko spaSTa rUpa se prastuta karatA hai ki hama vaiyaktika jIvana meM vAsanAoM se Upara uThe, apane vikAroM para niyaMtraNa kA
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________________ DaoN. sAgaramala jaina IR prayatna kareM aura sAmAjika jIvana meM lokamaMgala kI sAdhanA kreN| vaiyaktika jIvana meM vAsanAoM se zuddhi aura sAmAjika jIvana meM saMgharSoM kA nirAkaraNa -- ye do bAteM aisI haiM jo mahAvIra ke jIvana aura darzana ko hamAre sAmane samyak rUpa se prastuta karatI hai| anekAnta kA siddhAnta spaSTa rUpa se isa bAta ko batAtA hai ki vyakti apane ko Agraha ke ghere meM khar3A na kreN| satya kA sUraja kisI eka ke ghara ko prakAzita karegA aura dUsare ke ghara ko prakAzita nahIM karegA, yaha nahIM ho sktaa| sUraja kA kAma hai prakAza denA, jo bhI apanA daravAjA, apanI chata khulI rakha sakegA usake yahA~ sUrya kA prakAza A hI jaaygaa| mitroM ! yahI sthiti satya kI hai| yadi Apake mastiSka kA daravAjA yA khir3akI khulI hai to satya Apako Alokita karegA hii| lekina agara hamane apane AgrahoM ke daravAjoM se apanI mastiSka kI khir3akI ko banda kara liyA hai to satya kA prakAza praveza nahIM kregaa| satya na to merA hotA hai na parAyA hii| vaha sabakA hai aura vaha sarvatra ho sakatA hai| "merA satya" yaha mahAvIra kI dRSTi meM sabase bar3I bhrAnti hai| AcArya siddhasena mahAvIra kI stuti karate hue kahate haiM ki -- "bhadaM micchAdasaNa samUha maiyassa amayasArassa" he prabhu mithyA darzana samUha rUpa amRtamaya Apake vacanoM kA kalyANa ho"| mahAvIra kA apanA kucha bhI nahIM hai-- jo sabakA hai vahI unakA hai aura agara hama dArzanika gaharAI meM na jAyeM aura mahAvIra ke darzana ko jIvana-mUlyoM ke sAtha use jor3eM to hama pAyeMge ki vaha vaiyaktika jIvana meM aura sAmAjika jIvana meM saMgharSoM ke nirAkaraNa aura samatva kI sAdhanA kI bAta kahatA hai| "praznavyAkaraNasUtra" meM ahiMsA ke sATha nAma diye haiN| jitane sAre sadguNa haiM, ve samasta sadguNa ahiMsA meM samAhita haiN| ahiMsA aura anekAnta -- ye do mahAvIra ke dharma cakra ke do pahiye hai, jinake AdhAra para dharmarUpI ratha Age bar3hatA hai| __ maiM aba ApakA adhika samaya nahIM lenA cAhU~gA aura anta meM yahI kahanA cAhUMgA ki agara mahAvIra ko samajhanA hai to unhoMne vaiyaktika jIvana meM jo kaThora sAdhanAe~ kI hai unakI ora dekheM, yaha dekheM ki vAsanAoM aura vikAroM se kaise lar3e ? yadi sAmAjika jIvana ke sandarbha meM unake jIvana ko samajhanA hai to unakI vaicArika udAratA aura lokamaMgala kI kAmanA ko samajhe aura jiiyeN| sambhavataH tabhI hama mahAvIra ko samyak prakAra se samajha skege|