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________________ karma kI zakti aura usakA svarUpa upAdhyAya amaramunijI bhAratIya darzana meM karma aura usake phala ke sambandha meM gaMbhIratA se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| karma kyA haiM ? aura usakA phala kaise milatA hai? tathA kisa karma kA kyA phala milatA hai? isa viSaya meM bhAratIya darzana ne aura bhArata ke tatvadarzI ciMtakoM ne jitanA gaMbhIra vicAra kiyA hai, utanA aura vaisA pAzcAtya darzana meM nahIM kiyA gayA hai| bhAratIya darzana meM bhI jaina-paraMparA ne karma aura usake svarUpa ke sambandha meM jo gahana aura vizAla cintana prastuta kiyA hai, vaha vizva ke dArzanika itihAsa meM vastutaH adbhuta evaM vilakSaNa hai| karma, karma kA phala aura karma karane vAlA, ina tInoM kA paraspara ghaniSTha sambandha hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra jo karma kA kartA hotA hai, vahI karmaphala kA upabhoktA bhI hotA hai| jo jIva jaisA karma karatA hai, usake anusAra vaha zubha athavA azubha karma kA phala prApta karatA hai, saMsAra kI vicitratA kA AdhAra yadi koI tatva hai, to vaha karma hI hai| mujhase eka prazna pUchA gayA hai ki AtmA balavAna hai? athavA karma balavAna hai ? isa prazna ke uttara meM prAcIna sAhitya meM bahuta kucha kahA gayA hai| bahuta kucha vicAra kiyA gayA hai| bAta yaha hai ki karma eka jar3a pudgala hai| usameM ananta zakti hai| dUsarI ora AtmA bhI eka cetana tatva hai| aura usameM bhI ananta zakti hai| yadi karma meM zakti nahIM hotI to saMsAra ke ye nAnAvidha vicitra khela bhI na hote| karma meM zakti hai tabhI to vaha jIva ko nAnA gatiyoM meM aura vividha yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa karAtA hai| karma kI zakti se inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu mUla prazna yaha hai ki karma kA kartA hai AtmA, AtmA svayaM apane kiye huve karmoM se baddha ho jAtA hai| usa baMdhana se mukta hone kI zakti bhI AtmA meM hI hai| karma-pudgala caitanya zakti kA sarvathA sarvadA ghAta nahIM kaka skte| ananta gagana meM meghoM kI kitanI bhI ghanaghora ghaTA chA jAeM, phira bhI ve sUrya kI prabhA kA sarvathA vilopa nahIM kara sktii| bAdaloM meM sUrya ko AcchAdita karane kI zakti to hai kintu usake Aloka ko sarvathA vilupta karane kI zakti una bAdaloM meM bhI nahIM hai| yahI bAta AtmA ke sambandha meM bhI hai| karma meM AtmA ke sahaja svAbhAvika guNoM ko AcchAdita karane kI zakti hai, isameM jarA bhI asatya nahIM hai, para AtmA ko AcchAdita karane vAle karma kitane bhI pragAr3ha kyoM na hoM, unameM AtmA ke eka bhI guNa ko mUlataH naSTa karane kI zakti nahIM hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai, ki jaise sUrya svayaM meghoM ko utpanna karatA hai, unase AcchAdita ho jAtA hai aura phira vahI sUrya apanI zakti se unheM chinna-bhinna bhI kara DAlatA hai| isI prakAra AtmA bhI svayaM karmoM ko utpanna karatA hai, unase AcchAdita ho AtA hai aura phira svayaM hI una karmoM ko nirjarA dvArA chinna-bhinna bhI kara DAlatA hai| karma kI zakti ananta mAnane para bhI usakI apekSA AtmA kI adhika hai| karma zaktizAlI hote have bhI jar3a hai aura AtmA caitanyarUpa hai| ata: AtmA kA saMkalpa hI karma ko utpanna karatA hai aura AtmA kA saMkalpa hI karma ko naSTa kara DAlatA hai| Apake jitane bhI karma haiM, cAhe ve kitane hI balavAna kyoM na hoM, lekina AtmA ke bala ke Age ve kucha bhI nahIM haiM, kyoMki karma ko jo bhI rUpa milA hai vaha AtmA ke hI saMkalpoM se milA hai| Apako apane isa vartamAla jIvana meM karmoM kA jo rUpa milA hai, yadi use Apa naSTa karanA cAhate haiM to use naSTa karane kI zakti Apake andara hai| lekina jaba taka AtmA meM ajJAna hai aura jaba taka use apane svarUpa kA bhAna nahI hai, tabho taka vaha bandhana meM baddha rahatA hai| ApakI AtmA kevala AtmA hI nahIM hai, balki vaha paramAtmA bhI hai| karma kI zakti se bhayabhIta hone kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| rAjendra-jyoti Jain Education Interational
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________________ AvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai, ki Apa ananta-ananta kAla se vismRta apane svarUpa aura apanI zakti kA paribodha prApta karane kA prayatna kreN| isI para ApakI saphalatA hai| kucha loga kahA karate haiM, ki karma jaba halake hoM taba AtmA kI zuddhi ho, AtmA pavitra ho| aura AtmA kI vizuddhi evaM pavitratA hone para ho karma halke hote haiN| yaha eka anyonyAzraya doSa hai| AtmA kI zuddhi hone para karma kA halkA honA aura karma ke halke hone para AtmA kI vizuddhi honA, isa prakAra kA anyonyAzrita cintana jaina darzana kA mUla cintana nahIM hai| AtmA kI vizuddhi aura AtmA kI vimukti karma ke halke hone para nahIM, balki AtmA ke prasupta puruSArtha ko jAgRta karane se hotI hai| bhoga bhoga kara karmoM ko halkA karane kI prakriyA, eka aisI prakriyA hai, jisakA kabhI anta nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki AtmA jitanA apane karmo ko bhogatA hai, usase bhI kahIM adhika vaha bhogakAla meM rAga-dveSa meM ulajha kara naye karma kA bandha kara letA hai| isaliye karma TUTe to AtmA vizuddha hoM, yaha siddhAnta nahIM hai| balki siddhAnta yaha hai ki AtmA kA zuddha puruSArtha jAge to karma halke hoN| zAstroM meM do prakAra kI mukti mAnI hai-- dravya-mukti aura bhAva-mukti / dravya-mukti pratikSaNa hotI rahatI hai, kyoMki AtmA pratikSaNa apane pUrva karmoM ko bhoga rahA hai, kintu bhAva-mukti ke binA vAstavika vimukti nahIM mila sakatI hai| dravya kI apekSA bhAva kA mUlya adhika hai, kyoMki AtmA ke prasupta puruSArtha ko prabuddha karane kI zakti dravya meM nahIM hai, bhAva meM hI hai, AtmA kA jJAna cetanA meM hI hai| AtmA kA jo svonmukhI puruSArtha hai aura AtmA kA jo vItarAga jAgaraNa hai, vastuta: vahI bhAvamokSa hai| sAdhanA ke dvArA jyoMhI vikAra-mukti rUpa bhAva-mokSa hotA hai, sAtha hI jar3a karma pudgaloM se vimuktisvarUpa, dravyamokSa bhI ho jAtA hai| kahane kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki, karmoM se lar3ane ke pahale AtmA ke puruSArtha ko jAgRta karane kI AvazyakatA hai| aMdhakAra ko naSTa karane ke liye zastra le kara lar3ane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI, balki prakAza ko jAgRta karane kI hI AvazyakatA hai| prakAza ko jAgRga kara diyA to aMdhakAra svayaM hI naSTa ho gyaa| prakAza kI sattA ke samakSa aMdhakAra ko sattA khar3I nahIM raha sktii| yahI bAta karma aura AtmA ke puruSArtha ke sambandha meM bhI hai| AtmA ke puruSArtha ko jAgRta kro| yahI sabase bar3I sAdhanA hai| aura yahI karma-vimukti kA mUla kAraNa hai| kucha sAdhaka isa prakAra ke haiM, jo karmoM ko balavAna mAna kara calate haiM aura apanI-apanI AtmA kI zakti ko bhUla kara karmazakti ke sAmane jhuka jAte haiM ve apanI sAdhanA meM hatAza aura nirAza ho jAte haiN| eka ora ve sAdhanA bhI karate jAte haiM aura dUsarI ora ve karma kI zakti kA ronA bhI rote haiN| yadi Apake mana meM yaha dRr3ha vizvAsa hai ki AtmA durbala hai, vaha kucha nahIM kara sakatI, karma hI balavAna hai, karma meM hI ananta zakti hai, to Apa hajAroM janmoM kI sAdhanA se bhI karmoM se vimukta nahIM ho sakate / yaha bar3I vicitra bAta hai ki hama sAdhanA to kareM, kintu sAdhanA kI ananta zakti meM hamArA vizvAsa na ho| yaha to vahI bAta huI ki hama bhojana karake kisI se pUche ki hamArI bhUkha kaba miTegI aura pAnI pI kara yaha pUche ki hamArI pyAsa kaba mittegii| sAdhanA karake yaha pUchanA ki merI vimukti kaba hogii| yaha eka vicitra prazna hai| isa prakAra kA prazna usI AtmA meM uThatA hai jise apanI zakti para vizvAsa nahIM hotaa| eka sAdhaka kI AtmA meM isa prakAra kA dRr3ha vizvAsa jAgRta honA cAhiye ki kAma, krodha Adi bikalpa cAhe kitane hI prabala kyoM na hoM, para anta meM, maiM una para vijaya prApta kara luuNgaa| AtmA kA jAgaraNa hI hamArI sAdhanA kA eka mAtra lakSya honA caahiye| mujhe eka bAra eka vayovRddha zrAvaka se bAtacIta karane kA avasara milaa| ve bahuta bar3e sAdhaka the| saMbhavataH mere janmakAla se bhI pahale hI ve sAdhanA mArga para cala par3e the| usa samaya maiM vayaska thA aura ve vayovRddha the| na jAne vaha apane jIvana meM kitanI sAmAyika kara cuke the, kitane vrata aura upavAsa kara cuke the, kitane pratikrapaNa kara cuke the aura na jAne kitanI mAlA japa cuke the| parantu unake jIvana meM zAnti aura saMtoSa kabhI nahIM aayaa| dhana meM aura parijana meM unakI bar3I tIvra Asakti thii| eka dina jabaki ve sAmAyika karake baiThe hue the, to inhoMne mere se pUchA--mahArAjajI! Apa bar3e jJAnI haiM, zAstroM ke jJAtA haiM, Apa yaha batAlAiye ki maiM bhavya hUM yA abhavya huuN| maiMne apane mana meM socA-"yaha kyA prazna hai? yaha prazna to sAdhanA ke prArambha meM hI taya ho jAnA cAhiye thaa|" maiMne usa vRddha zrAvaka se kahA-jaba tumhAre jIvana meM AdhyAtmika puruSArtha jAgA, jaba tumhAre jIvana meM saMsAra kI vAsanA ko dUra karane kI bhAvanA jAgI aura jaba tumhAre jIvana meM bhagavAna ke siddhAntoM para AsthA jAgI, tabhI yaha samajha lenA cAhiye thA ki maiM bhavya hUM, abhavya mukhya prazna bhAva-mokSa kA hai| dravya-mokSa ke liye puruSArtha karane kI alaga se jarUrata nahIM hai| kalpanA kIjiye, ghara meM aMdherA hai, dIpaka jalAte hI prakAza ho jAtA hai| yahAM para kyA haa| pahale aMdhakAra naSTa huA, bhira prakAza AyA athavA pahale prakAza huA aura phira aMdhakAra naSTa huaa| vastutaH donoM ke alaga-alaga kArya nahIM haiN| prakAza kA ho jAnA hI aMdhakAra kA 'naSTa ho jAnA hai| aura aMdhakAra kA naSTa ho jAnA hI prakAza kA ho jAnA hai| siddhAnta yaha hai ki prakAza aura aMdhakAra kA janma aura maraNa sAtha-sAtha hI hotA hai| jisa kSaNa prakAza janmatA hai, usI kSaNa aMdhakAra maratA hai| idhara prakAza hotA hai aura aMdhakAra naSTa ho jAtA hai| eka hI samaya meM eka kA janma hotA hai aura dUsare kA maraNa ho jAtA hai| yahI bAta dravyamokSa aura bhAva-mokSa ke sambandha meM bhI hai| jyoMhI bhAva-mokSa ho jAtA hai tyoM hI dravyamokSa bhI ho jAtA hai| bhAva-mokSa aura dravya-mokSa kA janma eka sAtha hI hotA hai, usameM kSaNamAtra kA bhI antara nahIM raha jaataa| bI.ni.saM. 2503 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ nahIM haiN| yadi tumhAre mana meM bhagavAna ke vacanoM meM AsthA hai, prazama hai, bhAva hai aura kaSAya kA upazama bhAva hai to samajha lo ki tuma bhavya ho, isameM kisI bhI prakAra kA saMdeha nahIM hai| isake viparIta yadi itanI lambI sAdhanA ke bAda bhI tumhAre jIvana meM yaha saba kucha nahIM hai, to tuma abhavya ho| bhavya-abhavya kA nirNaya koI dUsarA nahIM kara sakatA, svayaM apanI AtmA hI kara sakatI hai| maiM bhavya hUM athavA abhavya hUM yaha jAnane ke pahale yaha jAno ki mere jIvana meM zAnti aura saMtoSa AyA hai athavA nahIM / antaracetanA ko jagAne kA prayAsa kro| zUnya mana se kI jAne vAlI sAdhanA vastutaH sAdhanA nahIM hai| kucha vicAraka isa prakAra bhI socA karate haiM ki kahAM ananta janmoM ke ananta karma aura kahAM isa choTe se jIvana kI choTI-sI saadhnaa| bhalA, ananta jIvana ke ananta karma eka jIvana meM kaise kSaya kiye jA sakate haiM ? jo loga isa prakAra socA karate haiM, mere jIvana meM una logoM ke socane kA yaha svastha tarIkA nahIM hai| maiM pUchatA hUM, ki kisI parvata kI eka aisI guphA hai jijameM hajAroM varSoM se aMdhakAra raha rahA hai, kintu jyoM hI usa guphA meM dIpaka kI jyota jalAI ki hajAroM varSoM kA aMdhakAra eka kSaNa mAtra meM hI vilupta ho jAtA hai| jarA vicAra to kIjiye kahAM hajAroM varSoM kA aMdhakAra aura kahAM eka nanhI-sI dIpaka-jyoti / vastutaH jaisA ki maiMne Apako pahale kahA thA ki prakAza ke samakSa khar3e rahane kI zakti aMdhakAra meM ho hI nahA sktii| isI prakAra Atma-jAgaraNa kI jyoti prakaTa hote hI ananta-ananta janma ke karma bhI kSaNa bhara meM hI naSTa ho sakate haiN| isameM jarA bhI saMdeha kI bAta nahIM hai| gajasukumAra ne kitane janmoM ke karmoM ko alpakAla kI sAdhanA se hI naSTa kara diyA thaa| arjuna mAlAkAra ke karma kitane ghora the, kevala alpa sAdhanA se hI usane apane karmoM ko kitanI tIvratA ke sAtha naSTa kiyaa| mAnava mana ke kisI bhI parApekSI vikalpa meM yaha zakti nahIM hai ki AtmA ke svonmukhI saMkalpa ke sAmane vaha khar3A raha ske| karma kitanA hI prabala kyoM na ho, vaha kitanA bhI purAnA kyoM na ho, kintu Atma-jAgaraNa kI jyoti ke samakSa vaha Tika nahIM sakatA hai| AtmA meM ananta zakti hai| usameM paramAtmA hone kI bhI zakti hai, kintu tabhI jabaki use apane para vizvAsa ho, apanI zakti para AsthA ho, apane AdhyAtmika puruSArtha meM niSThA ho| karma balavAna hai, yaha satya hai, kyoMki tabhI to ve jIva ko nAca nacAte haiN| para yAda rakhiye, karma ko utpanna karane vAlA yaha AtmA hI hai| AtmA kI zakti ke samakSa karma kI zakti avazya hI hIna koTi kI hai| AtmA meM apane Apako bA~dhane kI zakti bhI hai aura isa AtmA meM apane ko mukta karane kI zakti bhI hai| AtmA na jAne kitanI bAra narakoM meM gayA aura na jAne kitanI bAra svargoM meM gayA, tathA na jAne kitanI bAra yaha pazu-pakSI banA aura na jAne kitanI bAra isane mAnava tana paayaa| janma aura maraNa kA yaha khela Aja kA nahIM, ananta ananta kAla kA hai| isa khela ko banAne vAlA bhI AtmA hai aura isa khela ko miTAne vAlA bhI yaha AtmA hI hai| jaba yaha AtmA ajJAna aura mikSyAtva Adi vikalpoM se abhibhUta ho jAtA hai, taba vaha apane svarUpa ko bhUla baiThatA hai| apane svarUpa ko bhUla baiThanA hI sArI burAiyoM ko jar3a hai| Atma-svarUpa ko samajhanA yahI hamArI sAdhanA hai| jaba taka sAdhaka apane Apako nahIM samajhatA hai, taba taka na vaha apane mana ke vikalpoM para vijaya prApta kara sakatA hai aura na vaha karma kI ghanaghora ghaTAoM ko hI chinna-bhinna kara sakatA hai| pratyeka sAdhaka ke hRdaya meM yaha dRr3ha vizvAsa honA hI cAhiye ki maiM ananta zakti saMpanna huuN| aura mujhameM Aja se nahIM, anantakAla se ananta zakti rahI hai| prazna zakti prApta karane kA nahIM hai, vaha to Aja se kyA, ananta se hI prApta hai| mukhya prazna hai, usa zakti ke jAgaraNa kaa| Atma-zakti ke jAgRta hote hI karma chinna-bhinna ho jAte haiN| jaina darzana meM karma ke saMbaMdha meM jo kucha kahA gayA hai aura jo kucha likhA gayA hai, use isa lekha meM pUrI taraha batAnA kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai| phira bhI maiM saMkSepa meM Apako yaha batalAne kA prayatna karUMgA ki jaina darzana ke anusAra karma kA svarUpa kyA hai aura karma kA phala karma karane vAle AtmA ko kisa rUpa meM milatA hai| isa saMdarbha meM yaha bAta bhI vicAraNIya hai ki AtmA karma kaise bAMdhatA hai aura kisa sAdhanA ke dvArA usase kaise vimukti prApta kara sakatA hai| karma ke sambandha meM jitanA manovaijJAnika vizleSaNa aura dArzanika cintana jaina-darzana ke granthoM meM kiyA gayA hai, vaha vizleSaNa aura cintana anyatra Apako isa rUpa meM upalabdha nahIM ho skegaa| karma ko paribhASA karma kI paribhASA karate hae kahA gayA hai ki Atma-sabaddha pudgala dravya karma kahA jAtA hai aura dravya karma ke bandha ke heta rAgAdi bhAva, bhAva-karma mAnA gayA hai| AcArya devendrasUri ne apane svaracita karma-vipAka graMtha meM karma kA svarUpa batalAte huve kahA hai-- "kIraha jIeNa heuhi, jeNaM to bhaNNae kamma" karma kA yaha lakSaNa dravya karma aura bhAva karma donoM meM ghaTita hotA hai| mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga--ina pAMca kAraNoM se Atma-pradezoM meM parispaMdana (kaMpana) hotA hai, jisase usI AkAza-pradeza meM sthita anantAnanta karma-yogya pudagala jIva ke sAtha saMbaddha ho jAtA hai| vaha Atma-saMbaddha pudgala dravya karma kahA jAtA hai| jIva aura karma kA yaha sambandha nIra-kSIravat evaM agni-loha-piNDavat hotA hai| jIva aura karma kA sambandha karma-zAstra meM do prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai- anAdi ananta aura anAdi-sAnta / saba bhavyoM meM to nahIM, prAyaH nikaTa bhavya jIvoM meM anAdi-sAnta sambandha rahatA hai aura abhavya jIvoM meM to ekAntata: anAdi ananta sambandha rahatA hai| kyoMki abhavya 54 rAjendra-jyoti Jain Education Interational
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________________ jIvoM kI mukti kabhI nahIM hotI hai aura bhavyoM meM ananta AtmA atIta meM mokSa gaye haiM aura bhaviSya meM avazya jaaveNge| isI AdhAra para jIva kA karma ke sAtha do prakAra kA sambandha batAyA gayA hai| karma ke bheda karmoM ke do bheda haiM-dravya karma aura bhAva-karma / karma vargaNA kepudagaloM kA sUkSma vikAra dravya karma hai aura AtmA ke rAga-dveSa Adi vaibhAvika pariNAma bhAva karma haiN| rAga-dveSa Adi vaibhAvika pariNAmoM kA upAdAna kAraNa jIva hai, isaliye upAdAna rUpa se bhAva karma kA kartA jIva hI hai| dravya karma meM jIva ke zubhAzubha bhAva nimitta kAraNa haiN| isaliye nimitta rUpa se dravya karma kA kartA bhI jIva hI hai| bhAva karma ke hone meM pUrvabaddha dravya nimitta haiM aura vartamAna meM badhyamAna dravya karma meM bhAva-karma nimitta haiN| donoM meM nimitta-naimittika rUpa kArya-kAraNa bhAva sambandha hai| siddhAnta cakravartI nemIcandra ne svapraNIta "gommaTasAra" graMtha ke karmakANDa meM dravya karma aura bhAva karma kA svarUpa isa prakAra batalAyA hai "poggalapiNDo davvaM tatsatti bhAva-kammaM tu" pudagala piMDa ko dravya karma aura usakI phala dene ko zakti vizeSa ko bhAva karma kahA hai| karma ke astitva meM pramANa prazna hotA hai ki hama isa tathya ko kaise samajhe ki karma kA astitva hotA hai ? kama bhautika hote hue bhI itanA sUkSma tatva hai ki indriyoM se use jAnA aura dekhA nahIM jA sktaa| jo jJAna aindriyaka nahIM hai, unhIM ke dvArA karma kA sAkSAtkAra ho sakatA hai| hAM, hetu aura tarka dvArA bhI karma ke astitva ko pramANita kiyA jA sakatA hai| saMsAra ke sabhI jIva eka jaise nahIM hote, jIvoM kI yaha vividhatA hI aura saMsAra kI yaha vicitratA hI, karma ke astitva meM sabase bar3A pramANa hai| jaina karma-siddhAnta ke anusAra karma ke astitva meM pramANa isa prakAra mAnA gayA hai ki saMsAra ke sabhI jIva Atma-svarUpa kI apekSA se bhale hI eka haiM phira bhI ve bhinna-bhinna yoniyoM meM aura bhinna-bhinna paristhitiyoM meM hone se pRthak-pRthak sthiti evaM dazA meM hote haiN| eka rAjA hai, dUsarA rk| eka vidvAna hai, dUsarA mUrkha / eka niroga hai, dUsarA rogii| eka sukhI hai, dUsarA dukhii| eka sundara hai, dUsarA kurUpa / adhika kyA, eka hI mAtA ke udara se utpanna hue aura eka hI paristhiti meM pale hue do bAlakoM meM se eka dhanI ho jAtA hai, dUsarA nirdhana raha jAtA hai| eka mUrkha raha jAtA hai, dUsarA vidvAna ho jAtA hai| yaha viSamatA, yaha vicitratA, aura yaha asamAnatA akAraNa nahIM ho sktii| usakA kucha na kucha kAraNa avazya honA cAhiye aura vaha kAraNa dUsarA kucha nahIM karma hI hai| jisa prakAra bIja ke binA aMkura nahIM ho sakatA, usI prakAra karma ke binA sukha-dukhaH bhI nahIM ho skte| saMsAra meM sukha aura duHkha pratyakSa dekhA jA sakatA hai| do vyakti jo ki samAna sthiti meM rahate haiM, unameM bhI dekhA jAtA hai ki eka sukhI hai aura dUsarA dukhI rahatA hai| Akhira isa sukha duHkha kA kAraNa koI to avazya honA hI cAhiye aura vaha kAraNa karma hI ho sakatA hai| prazna kiyA jA sakatA hai, ki sukha-duHkha kAraNa to isa loka meM pratyakSa hI hai, usake liye karma mAmane ko AvazyakatA hI kyA? jisake pAsa vastra mila jAne para sukhAnubhUti hotI hai| jisake pAsa bhojana nahIM hai, use bhojana mila jAne para sukha kA anubhava hotA hai| isI prakAra mAna aura sammAna bhI sukha ke kAraNa bana jAte haiN| isake viparIta bhautika sAdhanoM ke abhAva meM manuSya duHkha kA anubhava karane lagatA hai. ata: bhautika vastuoM ke sadabhAva sukha aura asadbhAva se duHkha pratyakSa dekhA jAtA hai| phira usa sukha-duHkha ke kAraNa rUpa meM adRzyabhUta karma kI kalpanA kyoM kI jAya? isa prazna kA samAdhAna isa prakAra se kiyA gayA hai ki sukha evaM duHkha ke bAhya-dRSTa sAdhanoM se bhI pare hameM sukha-duHkha ke kAraNoM kI khoja isaliye karanI par3atI hai ki sukha-duHkha kI samAna sAmagrI prApta hone para bhI manuSyoM ke sukha-duHkha meM antara dekhA jAtA hai| eka vyakti sukha ke kAraNa prApta karane para bhI sukhI nahIM rahatA aura dUsarA vyakti duHkha ke sAdhana milane para bhI sukhI rahatA hai| ataH bAhya vastuoM ke sadbhAva aura asadbhAva kI apekSA kisI AMtarika kAraNa se hI isakA samAdhAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| eka vyakti ko jIvana meM sukha ke kAraNa prApta hote haiM aura dUsare ko duHkha ke kAraNa / isakA bhI koI niyAmaka honA cAhiye aura vaha karma hI ho sakatA hai| karma ke astitva meM eka yaha bhI tarka diyA jAtA hai ki dAna Adi kriyA phalavatI hotI hai kyoMki vaha cetana ke dvArA kI jAtI hai| jo kriyA cetana ke dvArA kI jAtI hai vaha avazyameva phalavatI hotI hai| jaise, kRSi aadi| dAna Adi kriyA bhI cetanakRta hone se phalavatI honI cAhiye / dAna Adi kriyA kA phala zubha karma ke atirikta dUsarA nahIM ho sktaa| jisa prakAra adhyayana kriyA kA phala jJAna saMcaya hotA hai, usI prakAra karma ke phala sukha-duHkha Adi hI hote haiN| karma kI mUrtatA jaina darzana kI paribhASA ke anusAra dravya karma ko mUrta mAnA gayA hai| jisameM rUpa, rasa, gaMdha aura sparza yaha cAra guNa hoM vaha padArtha mUrta hotA hai| pudgala meM ye cAroM guNa vidyamAna haiM / ataH chaH dravyoM meM pudgala ko mUrta dravya mAnA gayA hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra dravya karma pudgalajanya hai, ataH mUrta hai| kAraNa yadi mUrta hai to usakA kArya bhI mUrta hI hotA hai| jaise miTTI eka mUrta upAdAna kAraNa hai to usakA kArya ghaTa bhI mUrta hI hotA hai| kAraNa ke anusAra kArya hI hotA hai| kAraNa mUrta hai to kArya bhI mUrta hI hogA aura yadi kAraNa amUrta hai to kArya bhI amUrta hI hogaa| vI. ni. saM. 2503 Jain Education Interational
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________________ - kAraNa se jaise kArya kA anumAna hotA hai usI prakAra kArya se bhI kAraNa kA anumAna hotA hai| isa siddhAnta ke anusAra zarIra Adi kArya mUrta haiM to unakA kAraNa karma bhI mUrta hI honA cAhiye / jJAna amUrta hai to usakA upAdAna kAraNa AtmA bhI amUrta hai| donoM hI paddhatiyoM se karma kA mUrtatva siddha hai| yahA~ yaha zaMkA kI jA sakatI hai ki jisa prakAra zarIra Adi karma ke kArya haiM usI prakAra sukha-duHkha bhI karma ke hI kArya haiM, para ve amarta haiN| phira ApakA kArya-kAraNa sambandhI ukta niyama sthira kaise raha sakatA hai ? ukta zaMkA kA samAdhAna yahI hai ki sukha-du:kha Adi AtmA ke dharma haiM aura AtmA hI unakA upAdAna kAraNa hai| karma to sukha-du:kha meM nimitta kAraNa hI hotA hai, upAdAna kAraNa nhiiN| ataH ukta niyama meM kisI bhI prakAra kI bAdhA upasthita nahIM hotii| karma kI mUrtatA siddha karane ke liye kucha tarka isa prakAra diye jA sakate haiM-karma mUrta haiM, kyoMki usake sambandha se sukha-duHkha Adi kA bhAna hotA hai, jaise bhojana se| karma mUrta hai, kyoMki usake sambandha se vedanA hotI hai, jaise agni se / karma mUrta hai kyoMki usake sambandha se AtmA ko sukha-duHkha bhoganA par3atA hai| yadi karma amUrta hotA to vaha gagana jaisA hotaa| jaise gagana se kisI kA upaghAta aura anugraha nahIM hotA, vaise karma se bhI upadhAta aura anugraha nahIM honA cAhiye / parantu karma se hone vAle upaghAta aura anugraha pratyakSa dekhe jAte haiM, ataH karma mUrta hI hai| mUrta kA amUrta para prabhAva ___ yadi karma mUrta hai. jar3a hai, to phira vaha amUrta evaM cetana svarUpa AtmA para apanA prabhAva kaise DAlatA hai ? jisa prakAra vAyu aura agni kA amUrta AkAza para kisI bhI prakAra prabhAva nahIM par3anA caahiye| isakA uttara itanA hI hai ki jaise amUrta jJAna Adi guNoM para mUrta madirA Adi kA prabhAva par3atA hai, vaise hI amUrta jIva para mUrta karma kA prabhAva par3a sakatA hai| ukta prazna kA eka dUsarA samAdhAna isa prakAra se kiyA gayA hai ki karma ke sambandha se AtmA kathaMcit mUrta bhI hai| kyoMki saMsArI AtmA kA anAdi kAla se karma-saMtati se sambandha hai| isa apekSA se AtmA kA sarvathA amUrta nahIM hai, apitu karma-saMbaddha hone ke kAraNa mUlataH amUrta hote hue bhI kathaMcit mUtaM hai| isa dRSTi se amUrta AtmA para mUrta karma kA upaghAta, anugraha aura prabhAva par3atA hai| amUrta kA mUrta se sambandha prazna hotA hai ki AtmA apane mUla svarUpa se jaba amUrta hai aura karma jaba apane svarUpa se mUrta hai, taba phira amUrta AtmA kA mUrta karma se saMbandha kaise ho jAtA hai / ukta prazna ke samAdhAna meM kahA jAtA hai ki-jaise mUrta ghaTa kA amUrta AkAza ke sAtha saMbandha asaMbhava nahIM hai, vaise hI amUrta AtmA kA mUrta karma se saMbandha asaMbhava nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai / isa saMbandha meM eka dUsarA tarka yaha hai ki, jisa prakAra aMgUThI Adi bhUrta dravya kA AkuMcana Adi amUrta kriyA se saMbandha hotA hai, usI prakAra amUrta jIva kA mUrta karma ke saMbandha hone meM kisI bhI prakAra vipratipatti nahIM ho sktii| eka tIsarA tarka yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki AtmA aura karma donoM aguru-laghu hote haiM, isalie unakA paraspara saMbandha ho sakatA hai| jIva aura karma kA saMbandha jIva aura karma kA saMbandha kaise hotA hai isa saMbandha meM tIna prakAra ke vicAra upalabdha hote haiM-pahalA hai nIra-kSIravat / jaise jala aura dugdha paraspara milakara ekameka ho jAte haiM, vaise hI karma pudgala ke paramANu Atma-pradezoM ke sAtha saMzliSTa ho jAte hai| dUsarA vicAra hai-agnilauhapiMDavat / jisa prakAra lauha-piMDa ko agni meM DAla dene se usake kaNa-kaNa meM agni parivyApta ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra AtmA ke asaMkhyAta pradezoM para ananta-ananta karmavargaNA ke karma dalita saMbandha ho jAte haiM, saMzliSTa ho jAte haiM / tIsarA vicAra hai-sarpa-kaMcukIvat / jisa prakAra sarpa kA usakI kAMcalI ke sAtha saMbandha hotA hai usI prakAra AtmA kA bhI karma ke sAtha saMbandha ho jAtA hai| yaha tRtIya abhimata jaina paraMparA ke ho eka vidrohI vicAraka sAtaveM nijhava goSThAmAhila kA hai / mUlataH jaina darzana meM aura karma granthoM meM isa abhimata ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| karma aura usakA phala hama dekhate haiM ki saMsAra meM jitane bhI jIva haiM, ve do hI prakAra ke karma karate haiM-zubha aura azubha / acchA aura buraa| karmazAstra ke anusAra zubha karma kA phala acchA aura azubha karma kA phala burA hotA hai / Azcarya hai, ki sabhI prANI acche yA bure karma karate haiM, para bure karma kA dukhaH rUpa phala koI jIva nahIM cAhatA / astu yahA~ eka prazna uThatA hai, ki karma svayaM jar3a hai, vaha cetana nahIM hai, taba vaha phala kaise de sakatA hai ? kyoMki phala-pradAna cetana kI binA preraNA ke nahIM ho sktaa| aura yadi svayaM karma kartA cetana hI bhoga letA hai, to vaha sukha to bhoga sakatA hai, parantu duHkha svayaM kaise bhogegA? duHkha to koI bhI nahIM caahtaa| ataH karmavAdI anya dArzanikoM ne karmaphala bhoga karane vAlA Izvara mAnA hai| parantu jaina dArzanika isa prakAra ke Izvara kI sattA ko svIkAra nahIM karate / phira jaina-darzana meM karma-phala kI kyA vyavasthA rahegI? isakA samAdhAna isa prakAra se kiyA gayA hai ki-prANI apane azubha karma kA phala nahIM cAhatA yaha ThIka hai, para yaha bAta dhyAna meM rakhanI cAhie ki cetana AtmA ke saMsarga se acetana meM karma meM eka aisI zakti utpanna ho jAtI hai, jisase karma apane zubhAzubha phala ko niyata samaya para svayaM hI prakaTa kara detA hai| jaina darzana yaha nahIM mAnatA ki jar3a karma cetana ke saMsarga binA bhI phala dene meM samartha hai| karma svayaM hI apanA phala pradAna karane kI sAmarthya rakhatA hai| prANI jaise bhI karma karate haiM, unakA phala unheM unhIM ke karmoM dvArA svataH mila jAtA hai / jisa prakAra jIbha para mirca rakhane ke bAda usakI tiktatA kA anubhava svataH hotA hai / vyakti ke na cAhane para mirca kA svAda nahIM Ae, yaha nahIM ho sakatA / usa mirca ke tIkhepana kA anubhava karAne ke lie kisI anya cetana AtmA kI 56 rAjendra-jyoti Jain Education Intemational
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________________ bhI AvazyakatA nahIM pdd'tii| yahI bAta karma phala bhogane ke viSaya meM bhI samajha lenI cAhiye / isa saMbandha meM bauddha sAhitya meM bhI bahuta kucha kahA gayA hai| milinda aura nAgasena rAjA milinda sthavira nAgasena se pUchatA hai ki-bhante ! kyA kAraNa hai ki sabhI manuSya samAna nahIM hote haiN| koI kama AyuvAlA, koI dIrgha Ayu vAlA, koI bahuta rogI, koI nIroga, koI bhaddA, koI bar3A sundara, koI prabhAvahIna, koI prabhAvazAlI, koI nirdhana, koI dhanI, koI nIca kula vAlA koI mUrkha aura koI vidvAna kyoM hote haiM ? ukta praznoM kA uttara sthavira nAgasena ne isa prakAra diyA hai- rAjan ! kyA kAraNa hai ki sabhI vanaspati eka jaisI nahIM hotI koI khaTTI, koI namakIna, koI tIkhI koI kar3avI, koI kaselI aura koI mIThI kyoM hotI hai ? milinda ne kahA- maiM samajhatA hU~ ki bIjoM ke bhinna-bhinna hone se hI vanaspati bhI bhinna-bhinna hotI haiM / nAgasena ne kahA- rAjan ! jIvoM kI vividhatA kA kAraNa bhI unakA apanA karma hI hotA hai / sabhI jIva apane-apane karmoM kA phala bhogate haiN| sabhI jIva apane karmoM ke anusAra hI nAnA gati aura yoniyoM meM uppanna hote haiM / rAjA milinda aura nAgasena ke isa saMvAda se bhI yahI siddha hotA hai ki karma apanA phala svayaM hI pradAna karatA hai / " milinda - prazna " eka bauddhagrantha hai / usameM yaha saMvAda diyA gayA hai / cetana kA saMbandha pAkara karma svayaM hI apanA phala detA hai aura AtmA usakA phala bhogatA hai| jaina darzana kA yaha siddhAnta bauddha darzana meM bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, jisakA spaSTa ullekha hameM rAjA milinda aura sthavira nAgasena ke saMvAda meM upalabdha hotA hai / jaina darzana ke anusAra kisI bhI karma ke phala bhoga ke lie karma aura usake karane vAle ke atirikta kisI tIsare vyakti kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / kyoMki karma karate samaya hI jIva ke pariNAma ke anusAra isa prakAra kA saMskAra par3a jAtA hai, jisase prerita hokara jIva apane karma kA phala svayaM bhoga letA hai aura karma bhI cetana se saMbaddha hokara apane phala ko apane Apa hI prakaTa kara detA hai| kucha dArzanika yaha bhI mAnate haiM ki kAla, svabhAva, niyati, karma aura puruSArtha ina pAMca samavAyoM ke milane se jova karma-phala bhogatA hai| ina saba tarkoM se siddha ho jAtA hai ki jIva ke saMyoga se karma apanA phala svataH hI detA hai / zubha aura azubha karma - jaina darzana ke anusAra karma vargeNA ke paramANu loka meM sarvatra bhare haiN| unameM zubhatva aura azubhatva kA bheda nahIM hai, phira karma pudgala paramANuoM meM zubhatva anubhava kA bheda kaise paidA ho jAtA hai ? isakA uttara yaha hai ki jIva apane zubha aura pariazubha mANoM ke anusAra karma vargaNA ke dalikoM ko zubha aura azubha rUpa meM pariNita karatA huvA hI grahaNa karatA hai| isa prakAra jIva ke pariNAma evaM vicAra hI, karmoM kI zubhatA evaM azubhatA ke kAraNa haiM / isakA artha yaha hai ki karma pudgala svayaM apane Apa meM zubha vI. ni. saM. 2503 aura azubha nahIM hotA balki jIna kA pariNAma hI use zubha aura azubha banAtA hai / dUsarA kAraNa hai, Azraya kA svabhAva | karma ke AzrayabhUta saMsArI jIva kA bhI yaha vaibhAvika svabhAva hai ki vaha karmoM ko zubha evaM azubha rUpa meM pariNita karake hI grahaNa karatA hai / isI kAraNa karmoM meM bhI kucha aisI yogyatA rahatI hai ki ve zubha evaM azubha pariNAma sahita jIva se grahaNa kie jAkara hI, zubha evaM azubha rUpa meM pariNita hote rahate haiM, badalate rahate haiN| evaM parivartita hote rahate haiN| gugala zubha se azubha rUpa meM aura azubha zubha rUpa meM kaise pariNata ho jAte haiM ? isakA samAdhAna isa prakAra se kiyA gayA hai: se prakRti, sthiti, aura anubhAga kI vicitratA tathA pradezoM ke alpabahutva kA bhI bheda jIva karma grahaNa ke samaya hI karatA hai| isa tathya ko samajhane ke liye AhAra kA dRSTAnta diyA jAtA hai / sarpa aura gAya ko bhale hI eka jaisA bhojana evaM AhAra diyA jAve, kintu una donoM kI pariNati vibhinna prakAra kI hotI hai| kalpanA kIjie sarpa aura gAya ko eka sAtha aura eka jaisA dUdha pIne ke liye diyA gayA, vaha dUdha sarpa ke zarIra meM viSa rUpa meM pariNita hotA hai aura gAya ke zarIra meM dUdha, dUdha rUpa meM pariNita hotA hai / aisA kyoM hotA hai ? isa prazna ke samAdhAna meM kahA gayA hai ki-AhAra kA yaha svabhAva hai ki vaha apane Azraya ke anusAra pariNata hotA rahatA hai / eka hI samaya meM par3I varSA kI bUMdoM kA Azraya bheda se bhinna-bhinna pariNAma dekhA jAtA hai| jaise ki svAti nakSatra meM girI bUMdeM sIpa ke mukha meM jAkara motI bana jAtI hai aura sarpa ke mukha meM viss| yaha to bhinna-bhinna zarIroM meM AhAra kI vicitratA dikhalAI kintu eka zarIra dvArA grahaNa kiyA huvA eka AhAra asthi, majajA, evaM malamUtra Adi sAra asAra vividha rUpoM meM pariNita ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra karma bhI jIva se grahaNa kie jAne para zubha evaM azubha rUpa meM pariNita ho jAte haiN| eka hI pudgala vargaNA meM vibhinnatA kA ho jAnA siddhAnsa bAdhita nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai / jIva kA karma se anAdi sambandha prazna hotA hai, AtmA cetana hai aura karma jar3a hai / isa cetana AtmA kA isa jar3a karma ke sAtha saMbaMdha kaba se hai ? isake samAdhAna meM kahA gayA hai ki-karma saMtati kA AtmA ke sAtha anAdi kAla se saMbaMdha hai, yaha nahIM batA sakate haiM, ki jIva se karma kA sambandha sarvaprathama kaba aura kaise huvA / zAstra meM yaha kahA gayA hai, ki jIva sadA kriyAzIla rahatA hai| vaha pratikSaNa mana, vacana aura kAya se yoga rUpa vyApAra meM pravRtta rahatA hai| ataH vaha prati samaya karma baMdha karatA hI rahatA hai| isa prakAra amuka karma vizeSa dRSTi se AtmA ke sAtha karma kA saMbaMdha sAdi bhI kahA jA sakatA hai / parantu karma saMtati kI apekSA se jIva ke sAtha karma kA anAdi kAla se saMbaMdha hai prazikSaNa purAne karmakSaya hote rahate haiM aura naye karma baMdhate rahate haiM / 1 yadi karma saMtati ko sAdi mAna liyA jAya to phira karma saMbaMdha se pUrva jIva siddha, buddha evaM mukta dazA meM rahA hogA / phira vaha karma se lipta kaise ho gayA ? yadi apane zuddha svarUpa meM 57
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________________ sthita jIva karma se lipta ho sakatA hai to siddha AtmA bhI karma se lipta kyoM nahIM ho jAte ? isa prakAra saMsAra aura mokSa kA koI mahatva nahIM rahegA, koI vyavasthA nahIM rhegii| isake atirikta karma saMtati ko sAdi mAnane vAloM ko yaha bhI batAnA hogA ki kaba se karma AtmA ke sAtha lage aura kyoM lge| isa prakAra kisI prakAra kA samAdhAna nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ina saba toM se yahI siddha hotA hai ki AtmA ke sAtha karma kA anAdi kAla se saMbaMdha rahA hai| karma bandha ke kAraNa prazna hotA hai ki yaha mAna liyA jAya ki jIva ke sAtha karma kA anAdi saMbaMdha hai| parantu isa tathya ko svIkAra karane para yaha prazna sAmane AtA hai ki bandha kina kAraNoM se hotA hai ? ukta prazna ke samAdhAna meM karma graMthoM meM do abhimata upalabdha hote haiMpahalA karma bandha kAraNa pAMca mAnatA hai-jaise mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga / dUsarA kevala karma bandha ke kAraNa do hI mAnatA hai-kaSAya aura yog| yahAM para yaha samajha lenA cAhiye ki kaSAya meM mithyAtva, avirati aura pramAda antargata ho jAte haiN| ataH saMkSepa kI dRSTi se karma baMdhana ke hetu do aura vistAra kI apekSA se karma bandhana ke hetu pAMca haiM / donoM abhimatoM meM koI molika bheda nahIM hai| ___ karma-graMthoM meM baMdha ke cAra bheda batAe gaye haiN| prakRti, sthiti anubhAga aura prdesh| inameM se prakRti aura pradeza kA baMdha kaSAya se hotA hai| aura sthiti evaM anubhAga kA baMdha yoga se hotA hai| jisa prakAra makar3I apanI hI pravRtti se apane banAye hue jAle meM phaMsa jAtI hai, usI prakAra yaha jIva bhI apanI rAga-dveSa rUpa pravRtti se apane Apako karma pudgala ke jAla meM phaMsA letA hai| kalpanA kIjiye, eka vyakti apane zarIra meM tela lagA kara yadi dhUli meM leTe to dhUli usake zarIra meM cipaka jAtI hai, isI prakAra AtmA ke rAga-dveSa rUpa pariNAmoM se jIva bhI pudgaloM ko grahaNa karatA hai aura kaSAya bhAva ke kAraNa una karma-dalikoM kA Atma pradezoM ke sAtha saMzleSa ho jAtA hai / aura vastutaH yahI bandha hai / jaina darzana ke atirikta anya darzanoM meM karma bandha ke kAraNa mAyA, avidyA, ajJAna aura vAsanA ko mAnA gayA hai| parantu zabda bheda aura prakriyA bheda hone para bhI mUla bhAvanAoM meM adhika maulika bheda nahIM hai / nyAya evaM vaizeSika darzana meM mithyAjJAna ko, yogadarzana meM prakRti aura puruSa ke saMyoga ko, vedAnta meM avidyA evaM ajJAna ko tathA bauddha darzana meM vAsanA ko karma bandha kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| mokSa ke sAdhana bhAratIya darzana meM jisa prakAra karma-bandha aura karma-bandha ke kAraNa mAne gae haiM, usI prakAra mukti aura mukti ke upAya bhI mAne gae haiM / mukti, mokSa, nirvANa prAyaH samAna arthoM meM prayukta hote haiN| bandhana se viparIta dazA ko hI mukti evaM mokSa kahA jAtA hai| yaha ThIka hai, ki jIva ke sAtha karma kA pratikSaNa bandha hotA hai| purAtana karma apanA phala de kara AtmA se alaga ho jAte haiM aura naye karma prati samaya baMdhate jAte haiM / parantu isakA phalitArtha yaha nahIM nikAlanA cAhie ki AtmA kabhI karmoM se mukta hogI hI nhiiN| jaise svarNa aura miTTI paraspara mila kara ekameva ho jAte haiM, kintu tApa Adi kI prakriyA ke dvArA jisa prakAra miTTI ko alaga karake zuddha svarNa ko alaga kara liyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra AtmA adhyAtma sAdhanA ke karma-phala se chUTa kara zuddha, buddha evaM mukta ho sakatA hai / yadi eka bAra karma-vimukta ho jAtA hai, to phira kabhI vaha karma-baddha nahIM hotaa| kyoMki karma-bandha ke kAraNIbhUta sAdhanoM kA sarvathA abhAva ho jAtA hai| jaise bIja ke sarvathA jala jAne para usase phira aMkura kI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI, vaise hI karma rUpI bIja ke jala jAne para usase saMsAra rUpa aMkura utpanna nahIM hotA hai| isase yaha siddha ho jAtA hai ki jo AtmA eka dina baddha huA hai, vaha AtmA eka dina karmoM se vimukta bhI ho sakatA hai| prazna hotA hai ki karma-bandhana se chaTane ke upAya kyA haiM ? ukta prazna ke samAdhAna meM jaina darzana mokSa evaM mukti ke tIna sAdhana evaM upAya batalAtA hai, samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra / kahIM para yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki "jJAna-kriyAbhyAM mokSaH" jJAna aura kriyA se mokSa kI upalabdhi hotI hai| jJAna aura kriyA ko mokSa hetu mAnane kA yaha artha nahIM hai ki samyagdarzana ko mAnane se iMkAra kara diyA ho| jaina darzana ke anusAra jahAM jahAM para samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra hotA hai, vahAM para samyagdarzana avazya hI hotA hai / AgamoM meM darzana, jJAna aura cAritra ke sAtha tapa ko bhI mokSa prApti evaM mukti kI upalabdhi meM upAya va kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| isa apekSA se jaina darzana meM mokSa ke hetu do evaM cAra siddha hote haiM / parantu gaMbhIratA se vicAra karane para yaha jJAta hotA hai, ki vAstava meM mokSa ke hetu tIna dI haiM-zraddhAna, jJAna aura AcaraNa / baddha karmoM se mukta hone ke lie sAdhaka saMvara kI sAdhanA se navIna karmoM ke Agamana ko roka detA hai aura nirjarA kI sAdhanA ke pUrva saMcita karmoM ko dhIre dhIre naSTa kara detA hai / samasta karmoM kA sarvatobhAvena naSTa ho jAnA hI mokSa evaM mukti hai| karma-mala-vimukta AtmA hI jaina darzana ke anusAra anta meM paramAtmA ho jAtA hai / karmavAda kI upayogitA prazna hotA hai ki Akhira jIvana meM karmavAda kI upayogitA kyA hai ? karmavAda ko kyoM svIkAra kiyA jAya ? ukta praznoM kA samAdhAna karate hue kahA gayA hai ki-karmavAda mAnava-jIvana meM AzA evaM sphUrti kA saMcAra karatA hai / mAnava ko vikAsa patha para bar3hAne ke lie utsAha pradAna karatA hai / karmavAda kI sabase bar3I upayogitA yahI hai ki vaha mAnava AtmA ko dInatA evaM hInatA ke gahare gaDDhe se nikAla kara vikAsa ke carama zikhara para pahuMcAne kI satata preraNA karatA hai / jaba mAnava jIvana hatAza aura nirAza ho jAtA hai, apane cAroM ora use aMdhakAra hI aMdhakAra dRSTigocara hotA hai, jabaki gantavya mArga kA parijJAna bhI vilupta ho jAtA hai, usa samaya usa vivhala AtmA ko karmavAda dhairya aura zAMti pradAna karatA hai| vaha kahatA hai ki mAnava yaha saba tUne svayaM ne kiyA hai aura jo kucha kiyA hai, usakA 58 rAjendra-jyoti
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________________ phala bhI tujhe hI svayaM bhoganA hai| kabhI yaha ho nahIM sakatA hai ki karma tU svayaM kare aura usakA phala bhoganevAlA koI dUsarA Ae / jaba manuSya apane dukha aura kaSTa meM svayaM apane ko kAraNa mAna letA hai, taba usa karma ke phala bhogane kI zakti bhI usameM prakaTa ho jAtI hai / isa prakAra karmavAda para pUrNa vizvAsa ho jAne ke bAda jIvana meM se nirAzA, tamisrA aura Atma- dInatA dUra ho jAtI hai / usake lie jIvana bhogabhUmi na raha kara kartavya bhUmi bana jAtA hai| jIvana meM Ane vAle sukha evaM mokSa ke jhaMjhAvAtoM se usakA mana prakampita nahIM hotA / karmavAda hameM yaha batAtA hai ki AtmA ko sukha-dukha kI gatiyoM meM ghumAnevAlA manuSya kA dharma hai aura yaha karma manuSya ke hI atIta karmoM kA avazyaMbhAvI pariNAma hai| hamArI vartamAna avasthA jaisI aura jo kucha bhI hai, vaha dUsaroM dvArA hama para lAdI nahIM gaI hai, balki hama svayaM usake nirmAtA haiN| mAnava jIvana meM jo kucha bhI sukha evaM dukha kI avasthAeM AtI haiM, unakA banAnevAlA koI anya nahIM svayaM manuSya hI hai / ataeva jIvana meM jo utthAna aura patana AtA hai, jo vikAsa aura hrAsa AtA hai tathA jo sukha aura dukha AtA hai, usa sabakA dAyitva hama para hai, kisI aura dUsare para nhiiN| eka dArzanika kahatA hai- "maiM svayaM apane bhAgya kA nirmAtA huuN| maiM svayaM apanI AtmA kA adhinAyaka evaM abhinetA huuN|" merI icchA ke viruddha mujhe koI kisI anya mArga para nahIM calA sktaa| mere mana kA patana hI merA patana hai| mujhe na koI uThAnevAlA hai aura na girAnevAlA / maiM svayaM hI apanI zakti se uThatA hUM aura svayaM hI apane zakti se giratA bhI huuN| apane jIvana meM manuSya jo kucha jaisA aura jitanA pAtA hai, vaha saba kucha usakI boI huI khetI kA acchA yA burA phala hai / ataH jIvana meM hatAza, nirAza, dIna aura hIna banane kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM / karmavAda aura puruSArtha eka prazna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki jaba AtmA apane pUrvata karmoM kA phala bhogatA hai phala bhoge binA yuTakArA saMbhava nahIM hai, taba sukha prApti ke liye aura duHkha nivRtti ke liye kisI prakAra kA prayatna karanA vyartha hI hai ? bhAgya meM jo kucha likhA hai, vaha hokara hI rahegA, vaha kabhI Tala nahIM sakatA, phira kisI bhI prakAra kI sAdhanA karane kA artha hI kyA rahegA ? kyA karmabAda kA yaha mantavya AtmA ko puruSArtha se vimukha nahIM karatA hai| usake samAdhAna meM kahA jAtA hai ki vyavahAra dRSTi se yaha satya hai ki acchA yA burA karma kabhI naSTa nahIM hotA yaha bhI satya hai ki pratyeka karma apanA phala avazya hI detA hai| jo tIra hAtha se nikala cukA hai, vaha vApisa lauTa kara hAtha meM nahIM AtA hai / parantu nizcaya dRSTi se jisa prakAra sAmane se vega ke sAtha AtA huA tIra pahale vAle se TakarA kara usake vega ko roka detA hai, yA usakI dizA ko hI badala detA hai, ThIka usI prakAra karma bhI zubha evaM azubha pariNAmoM se kama aura adhika zakti vAle ho jAte haiN| dUsare rUpa meM parivartita ho jAte haiM aura kabhI-kabhI niSphala bhI ho jAte haiM / jaina darzana meM karma kI vividha avasthAoM kA vistAra ke sAtha varNana kiyA vI. ni. saM. 2503 gayA hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra karma kI una vividha avasthAoM meM eka nikacita avasthA hI aisI hai, jisameM kRta karma kA phala avazya hI prApta hotA hai| jaina darzana ke karmavAda kA mantavya hai ki AtmA apane prayatna vizeSa se anya vibhinna kArmika avasthAoM meM parivartana kara sakatA hai| prakRti aura pradeza, sthiti aura anubhAga meM parivartana kara sakatA hai| eka karma ko dUsare karma ke rUpa meM bhI badala sakatA hai| dIrgha sthiti vAle karma ko hrasva sthiti meM aura tIvra rasa vAle karma ko manda rasa meM badala sakatA hai / bahu- dalika karma ko alpa dalika banA sakatA hai| jaina darzana ke karmavAda ke anusAra kucha kamoM kA vedana (phala) vipAka se na hokara pradeza se hI ho jAtA hai| karmavAda ke saMbaMdha se ukta kathana isa tathya ko siddha karatA hai ki karmabAda AtmA ko puruSArtha se vimukha nahIM karatA hai, puruSA ke liye aura adhika prerita karatA hai / puruSArtha aura prayatna karane para bhI jaba phala ko upalabdhi na ho, taba vahAM karma kI prabalatA samajha kara dhairya rakhanA cAhiye aura yaha vicAra karanA cAhiye ki meraa| puruSArtha karma ko prabalatA ke kAraNa mata hA Aja saphala na huA ho, kintu kAlAntara meM eka janmAntara meM vaha avazya hI saphala hogaa| kabhI-kabhI jIvana meM kucha aisA vicitra sthiti A jAtI hai ki manuSya kisI vastu kI upalabdhi ke lie prayatna to karatA hai, kintu use usameM saphalatA nahIM milatA / phalataH vaha hatAza aura nirAza hokara baiTha jAtA hai| kintu jIvana kI yaha sthiti bar3I hI vicitra evaM viDaMbanApUrNa hai| kyoMki yaha manuSya yaha vicAra karatA hai ki merA puruSArtha kucha nahIM kara sakatA, jo kucha bhAgya meM likhA hai, vaha ho kara hI rhegaa| isa prakAra kI viSama sthiti meM sAdhaka ko karmavAda ke saMdarbha meM yaha vicAra karanA cAhiye ki Aja merA jo karma mujhe acchA yA burA phala de rahA hai, Akhira vaha karma bhI to mere apane puruSArtha se hI banA hai| AjakA puruSArtha kala kA karma bana jAtA hai| ataH puruSArtha kA parityAga karake apane jIvana kI bAgaDora ko bhAgyavAda ke hAthoM meM sauMpa kara manuSya vAryahIna evaM vana jAtA hai| manuSya ke jIvana kI isa adhi bhayaMkara viDaMbanA aura viSamatA kyA ho sakatI hai ki vaha eka cetanAnpuMja ho kara bhI, ananta zakti kA adhinAyaka hokara bhI karma ke adhIna bana jAtA hai| puruSArthavAda-mUlaka karmavAda hameM utsAhavardhaka preraNA detA hai ki bhAgyavAda se bhayabhIta hone kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, kyoMki jaba Apake isa bhAgya kA nirmANa Apake atIta kAla ke puruSArtha se huA hai, taba Apa yaha vizvAsa kyoM nahIM karate ki bhaviSya meM apane puruSArtha evaM prayatna se apane bhAgya ko badala bhI sakatA huuN| bure se acchA bhI bana sakatA hU~ / jaina darzana ke karmavAda meM manuSya apane bhAgya kI evaM niyati cakra kI kaThaputalI mAtra nahIM hai, isa AdhAra para vaha apanI viveka zakti se tathA apane puruSArtha evaM prayatna se apane karma ko, apane bhAgya ko aura apane niyati cakra ko zakti jaisA cAhe vaisA badalane kI kSamatA, yogyatA aura vaha 59
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________________ rakhatA hai| ataH jaina-darzana ke karmavAda meM puruSArthavAda evaM prayatnavAda ko paryApta avakAza hai| Izvara aura karmavAda IzvaravAdI darzanoM ke anusAra Izvara jIvoM ke karmoM ke anusAra hI unake sukha-duHkha kI vyavasthA karatA hai| yaha nahIM, ki apane mana se hI vaha kisI ko mUrkha banAe aura kisI ko vidvaan| kisI ko kurUpa banAe aura kisI ko sundr| kisI ko rAjA banAye to kisI ko raMka / kisI ko rogI banAye to kisI ko svastha / kisI ko vipanna banAe to kisI ko sampanna / jaise jIvana ke bhalebure karma hote haiM, vaise hI vaha vyavasthA kara detA hai| kisI bhI jIva ke jIvana meM jaba vaha kisI bhI prakAra kA parivartana karatA hai, taba pahale vaha usa jIva ke karmoM kA lekhA-jokhA dekha letA hai, usI ke anusAra vaha usameM parivartana kara sakatA hai| nizcaya hI yaha usa sarva zaktimAna Izvara ke sAtha eka khilavAr3a hai| eka tarapha use sarva zaktimAna mAnanA aura dUsarI ora use svataMtra hokara aNumAtra bhI parivartana kA adhikAra na denA nizcaca hI Izvara kI mahattI viDaMbanA hai| yahAM para isa kathana se yaha siddha hotA hai ki karma kI zakti Izvara se bhI adhika balavatI hai| Izvara ko bhI usake adhIna ho kara calanA par3atA hai| Izvara para bhI karmoM kA niyaMtraNa ho gyaa| dUsarI ora karma bhI kucha nahIM kara sktaa| vaha kisI cetanA zaktizAlI kA sahArA le kara hI apanA phala detA hai| isa prakAra karma Izvara ke adhIna aura Izvara karma ke adhIna bana jAtA hai| isakI apekSA svayaM meM hI apane phala dene kI bAta kyoM na svIkAra kara lI jAe, jisase Izvara kA Izvaratva bhI surakSita rahe aura karmavAda meM bhI kisI prakAra kI bAdhA upasthita na ho| jaina-darzana ke anusAra karma svayaM apanA phala detA hai, use phala dene ke liye kisI anya vyakti evaM anya zakti kI apekSA nahIM rhtii| karma svayaM apanI zakti se samaya Ane para phala pradAna kara detA hai| ThIka usI prakAra jaise bhaMga pIne para vaha svayaM yathAsamaya apanA phala naze ke rUpa meM pradAna karatI hai| nazA car3hane ke liye bhaMga kisI dUsare vyakti kI apekSA aura AvazyakatA nahIM smjhtii| karmavAda aura adhyAtma zAstra karmavAda adhyAtmazAstra ke vizAla evaM virATa bhavya bhavana kI AdhArazilA hai| karmavAda hameM yaha batalAtA hai ki AtmA kisI bhI zaktizAlI aura rahasyapUrNa vyakti kI icchA ke adhIna nahIM hai| karmavAda hameM preraNA detA hai ki, apane saMkalpa aura vicAra kI pUrti ke liye kisI anya vyakti ke dvAra khaTakhaTAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| Apako jo kucha bhI pAnA hai vaha Apake andara se upalabdha hogA, kahIM bAhara se nhiiN| isa vizAla vizva meM kauna kisako kyA de sakatA hai| bhIkha mAMgane se jIvana kA kabhI utthAna nahIM ho sktaa| kisI kI dayA evaM karuNA para kyA kabhI kisI kA utthAna evaM vikAsa huA hai? karmavAda kahatA hai ki apane pApoM kA nAza karane ke liye evaM apane utthAna ke liye hameM kisI zakti ke Age dayA kI bhIkha mAMgane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| aura na kisI ke Age rone tathA gir3agir3Ane kI hI AvazyakatA hai| karmavAda kA yaha bhI mantavya hai ki saMsAra kI samagra AtmAeM apane svarUpa se eka samAna haiM, unameM kisI prakAra kA bheda nahIM hai| phira bhI isa dRzyamAna jagata meM jo kucha vibheda najara AtA hai, vaha saba karmata hai| jaina-darzana ke karmavAda ke anusAra jo AtmA vikAsa kI carama sImA para pahuMca jAtI hai, vaha paramAtmA bana jAtI hai| AtmA kI zakti karma se AvRtta hone ke kAraNa avikasita rahatI hai aura Atmabala dvArA karma ke AvaraNa ko dUra kara dene para usa zakti kA vikAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai| vikAsa ke sarvocca zikhara para pahuMca kara AtmA paramAtma-svarUpa ko upalabdha kara letA hai| AtmA kisa prakAra karmoM se AvRtta hotA hai aura vaha kisa prakAra usase vimukta hotA hai, yaha saba kucha Apako karmazAstra ke gaMbhIra adhyayana se parijJAta ho sakatA hai| vyavahAra meM karmavAda mAnava-jIvana ke dainika vyavahAra meM karmavAda kitanA upayogI hai, yaha bhI eka vicAraNIya prazna hai| karma-zAstra ke paMDitoM ne apane-apane yuga meM isa samasyA para vicAra-vimarza kiyA hai| hama apane dainika vyavahAra meM pratidina dekhate haiM evaM anubhava karate haiM ki jIvanarUpa gagana meM kabhI sukha ke suhAvane bAdala Ate haiM aura kabhI duHkha kI ghanaghora kAlI ghaTAeM chA jAtI haiN| pratIta hotA hai ki yaha jIvana vighna, bAdhA, duHkha aura vividha prakAra ke klezoM se bharA par3A hai| inake Ane para hama ghabarA jAte haiM aura hamArI buddhi asthira ho jAtI hai| mAnava-jIvana kI vaha ghar3I kitanI vikaTa hotI hai jabaki eka ora manuSya ko usakI bAharI pratikUla paristhitiyAM parezAna karatI haiM aura dUsarI ora isake hRdaya kI vyAkulatA bar3ha jAtI hai| isa prakAra kI sthiti meM jJAnI evaM paMDitajana bhI apane vAstavika mArga se bhaTaka jAte haiN| hatAza evaM nirAza hokara ve apane dukha-kaSTa, evaM kleza ke liye dUsare ko kosane lagate haiM, usako jo kevala bAhya nimita hai| mUla upAdAna ko bhUla kara usakI dRSTi bAhya nimitta para jA pahaMcatI hai| isa prakAra ke vizeSa prasaMga para vastutaH karmazAstra hI hamAre gaMtavya patha ko Alokita kara sakatA hai aura patha-cyata AtmA ko pUnaH sanmArga para lA sakatA hai| karma-zAstra batalAtA hai ki AtmA apane bhAgya kA svayaM nirmAtA hai| sukha aura duHkha kA mala kAraNa apanA karma hI hai| vakSa kA mala kAraNa jaise bIja hai, vaise hI manuSya ke bhautika jIvana kA kAraNa isakA apanA karma hI hotA hai| sukha-dukha ke isa kArya-kAraNa bhAva ko samajhAkara karmabAda manuSya ko AkUlatA evaM vyAkUlatA ke gahana garta se nikAla kara jIvana vikAsa kI ora calane ke liye prerita karatA hai| isa prakAra karmavAda AtmA ko nirAzA ke jhaMjhAvAtoM se bacAtA hai, duHkha evaM kleza sahane kI zakti detA hai| aura saMkaTa ke samaya meM bhI buddhi ko sthira rakhane kA divya saMdeza detA hai| karmavAda meM vizvAsa rakhane vAlA vyakti yaha vicAra karatA hai ki svayaM meM jo anakalatA evaM pratikUlatA AtI hai usakA utpanna karane vAlA maiM svayaM haiN| phalataH usakA anukUla evaM pratikUla phala bhI mujhe hI bhoganA hai| yaha dRSTi jIvana ko zAMta, sampanna evaM Anandamaya banA detI hai| 6. rAjendra-jyoti Jain Education Intemational