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________________ karma kA svarUpa 0 paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI karma siddhAnta ke bAre meM IzvaravAdiyoM aura anizvaravAdiyoM meM eka satya hote hue bhI karma ke svarUpa aura usake phaladAna ke sambandha meM maulika matabheda haiM / sAdhAraNa taura se jo kucha kiyA jAtA hai use karma kahate haiM / jaise-khAnA, pInA, calanA, phiranA, ha~sanA, bolanA, socanA, vicAranA vagairaha / paralokavAdI dArzanikoM kA mata hai ki hamArA pratyeka acchA yA burA kArya apanA saMskAra chor3a jAtA hai| usa saMskAra ko naiyAyika aura vaizeSika dharma yA adharma ke nAma se pukArate haiM / yoga use karmAzaya kahate haiM, bauddha use anuzaya Adi nAmoM se pukArate haiN| . prAzaya yaha hai ki janma, jarA-maraNa rUpa saMsAra ke cakra meM par3e hue prANI ajJAna, avidyA yA mithyAtva saMlipta haiN| isa ajJAna, avidyA yA mithyAtva ke kAraNa ve saMsAra ke vAstavika svarUpa ko samajhane meM asamartha haiM, ataH unakA jo kucha bhI kArya hotA hai vaha ajJAnamUlaka hotA hai, usameM rAga-dveSa kA abhiniveza lagA hotA hai| isaliye unakA pratyeka kArya AtmA ke bandhana kA hI kAraNa hotA hai / jaisA ki vibhinna dArzanikoM ke nimna mantavyoM se spaSTa hai : bauddha grantha 'milinda prazna' meM likhA hai"marane ke bAda kauna janma grahaNa karate haiM aura kauna nahIM ? jinameM kleza (citta kA maila) lagA hai ve janma grahaNa karate haiM aura jo kleza se rahita ho gaye haiM ve janma nahIM grahaNa karate haiN| bhante ! Apa janma grahaNa kareMge yA nahIM ? mahArAja, yadi saMsAra kI ora Asakti lagI rahegI to janma grahaNa karUMgA aura yadi Asakti chuTa pAyegI to nahIM kruuNgaa|" aura bhI-"avidyA ke hone se saMskAra, saMskAra ke hone se vijJAna, vijJAna ke hone se nAma aura rUpa, nAma aura rUpa ke hone se chaH Ayatana, chaH Ayatana ke hone se sparza, sparza ke hone se vedanA, vedanA ke hone se tRSNA, tRSNA ke hone se upAdAna, upAdAna ke hone se bhava, bhava ke hone se janma aura janma ke 1. pRSTha 36 / Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ 62 ] [ karma siddhAnta hone se bur3hApA, maranA, zoka, ronA-pITanA, duHkha, becainI aura parezAnI hotI hai| isa prakAra ina duHkhoM ke silasile kA Arambha kahAM se huA isakA patA nhiiN|' yoga darzana meM likhA hai vRttayaH paccatathyaH kliSTAakliSTAH / / 1-5 / / klezahetukAH karmAzayapracayakSetrIbhUtAH kliSTAH |vyaa0 bhaa0| pratipattAarthamavasAya tatra sakto dviSTho vA karmAzayamAcinotIti bhavanti dharmAdharmaprasavabhUmayo vRttayaH kliSTA iti / tattva vai0 / tathA jAtIyakA-kliSTajAtIyA akliSTajAtIyA vA saMskArA vRttibhireva kriyante / vRttabhiH saMskArAH saMskArebhyazca vRttaya ityevaM vRttisaMskAracakra nirantaramAvartate |bhaasvti| ____ arthAt pAMca prakAra kI vRttiyAM hotI haiM, jo kliSTa bhI hotI haiM aura akliSTa bhI hotI haiM / jina vRttiyoM kA kAraNa kleza hotA hai aura jo karmAzaya ke saMcaya ke liye AdhArabhUta hotI haiM unheM kliSTa kahate haiM / arthAt jJAtA artha ko jAnakara usase rAga yA dveSa karatA hai aura aisA karane se karmAzaya kA saMcaya karatA hai / isa prakAra dharma ora adharma ko utpanna karane vAlI vRttiyAM kliSTa kahI jAtI haiN| kliSTa jAtIya athavA akliSTajAtIya saMskAra vRttiyoM ke hI dvArA hote haiM aura vRttiyAM saMskAra se hotI haiN| isa prakAra vRtti aura saMskAra kA cakra sarvadA calatA rahatA hai / sAMkhyakArikA' meM likhA hai samyagjJAna adhigamAd dharmAdInAmakAraNaprApto / tiSThati saMskAravazAt cakrabhramavad dhRtazarIraH // 67 // saMskAro nAma dharmAdharmo nimittaM kRtvA zarIrotpattirbhavati / ................"saMskAravazAt-karmavazAdityarthaH / mATha-va0 / arthAta dharma aura adharma ko saMskAra kahate haiN| usI ke nimitta se zarIra banatA hai / samyagjJAna kI prApti hone para dharmAdika punarjanma karane meM samartha nahIM rahate / phira bhI saMskAra kI vajaha se puruSa saMsAra meM ThaharA rahatA hai / jaise, kulAla ke daNDa kA sambandha dUra ho jAne para bhI saMskAra ke vaza se cAka ghUmatA rahatA hai / kyoMki binA phala diye saMskAra kA kSaya nahIM hotaa| ahiMsA, satya, asteya vagairaha ko dharma aura hiMsA, asatya, steya vagairaha ko adharma ke sAdhana batalAkara 'prazastapAda' meM likhA hai 1. milinda prazna pRSTha 62 / Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ karma kA svarUpa ] [ 63 "avidudho rAga dvaSavata: pravartakAd dharmAta prakRSTAta svalpA dharma-sahitAt brahmandraprajApatipitRmanuSyalokeSu AzayAnurUpairiSTa zarIrendriyaviSayasukhAdibhiyogo bhavati / tathA prakRSTAd dharmAd svalpadharmasahitAta pretatiryagyonisthAneSu aliSTa zarIrendriyaviSayaduHkhAdibhiyogo bhavati / evaM pravRttilaMkSapAd dharmAd adharmasahitAda devUmanuSya tiryaDa:nArakeSu punaH-punaH saMsArabandho bhavati / (pR. 280-281) arthAt rAga aura dveSa se yukta ajJAnI jIva kucha adharmasahita kintu prakRSTa dharmamUlaka kAryoM ke karane se brahmaloka, indraloka, prajanapatiloka, pitRloka aura manuSyaloka meM apane Azaya-karmAzaya ke anurUpa iSTa zarIra, indriyaviSaya aura sukhAdika ko prApta karatA hai tathA kucha dharmasahita kintu prakRSTa adharmamUlaka kAmoM ke karane se pretayoni, tiryagyoni vagairaha sthAnoM meM, aniSTa zarIra, indriya viSaya aura duHkhAdika ko prApta karatA hai / isa prakAra adharma sahita pravRttimUlaka dharma se deva, manuSya, tiryaJca aura nArakoM meM janma lekara bArambAra saMsArabandha ko karatA hai| nyAya maMjarIkAra ne bhI isI mata ko vyakta karate hue likhA hai-"yo hyam devamanuSyatiryarabhUmiSuzarIrasargaH, yazca prativiSayaM buddhisargaH, yazcAtmanA saha manasaH saMsarga, sa sarvaHpravRtta reva pariNAmavibhavaH / pravRtte zca sarvasyA:kriyAtvAt kSaNikatveapi tadupahito dharmAdharmazabdavAcya AtmasaMskAraH karmaphalopabhogaparyantasthitirastyeva na ca jagati tathAvidhaM kimapi kAryamastvistu yanna dharmAdharmAbhyAmAkSipta sambhavama / " (pR. 70) arthAt-deva, manuSya aura tiryagyoni meM jo zarIra kI utpatti dekhI jAtI hai, pratyeka vastu ko jAnane ke liye jo jJAna kI utpatti hotI hai, aura AtmA kA mana ke sAtha jo sambandha hotA hai, vaha saba pravRtti kA hI pariNAma hai / sabhI pravRttiyA~ kriyArUpa hone ke kAraNa yadyapi kSaNika haiM, kintu unase hone vAlA AtmasaMskAra, jise dharma yA adharma zabda se kahA jAtA hai, karma phala ke bhogane paryanta sthita rahatA hai| saMsAra meM aisA koI kArya nahIM hai jo dharma yA adharma se vyApta na ho| isa prakAra vibhinna dArzanikoM ke ukta mantavyoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki karma nAma kriyA yA pravRtti kA hai aura usa pravRtti ke mUla meM rAga aura dveSa rahate haiM tathA yadyapi pravRti, kriyA yA karma kSaNika hotA hai tathApi usakA saMskAra phalakAla taka sthAyI rahatA hai| saMskAra se pravRtti aura pravRtti se saMskAra kI paramparA anAdikAla se calI AtI hai| isI kA nAma saMsAra hai| kintu jaina darzana ke matAnusAra karma kA svarUpa kisI aMza meM ukta matoM se vibhinna hai| Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ 64 ] [ karma siddhAnta jaina darzanAnusAra karma kA svarUpa : jaina darzana ke anusAra karma ke do prakAra hote haiN| eka dravya karma aura dUsarA bhAva karma / yadyapi anya darzanoM meM bhI isa prakAra kA vibhAga pAyA jAtA hai aura bhAva karma kI tulanA anya darzanoM ke saMskAra ke sAtha tathA dravya karma kI tulanA yoga darzana kI vRtti aura nyAya darzana kI pravRtti ke sAtha kI jA sakatI hai tathApi jaina darzana ke karma aura anya darzanoM ke karma meM bahuta antara hai| jaina darzana meM karma kevala eka saMskAra mAtra hI nahIM hai kintu eka vastubhUta padArtha hai jo rAgI-dveSI jIva ko kriyA se AkRSTa hokara jIva ke sAtha usI taraha ghulamila jAtA hai, jaise dUdha meM pAnI / vaha padArtha hai to bhautika, kintu usakA karma nAma isaliye rUr3ha ho gayA hai kyoMki jIva ke karma arthAt kriyA kI vajaha se AkRSTa hokara vaha jIva se baMdha jAtA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki jahA~ anya darzana rAga aura dveSa se AviSTa jIva kI pratyeka kriyA ko karma kahate haiM, aura usa karma ke kSaNika hone para bhI tajjanya saMskAra ko sthAyI mAnate haiM vahA~ jaina darzana kA mantavya hai ki rAga-dveSa se AviSTa jIva kI pratyeka kriyA ke sAtha eka prakAra kA dravya AtmA meM AtA hai, jo usake rAga-dveSa rUpa pariNAmoM kA nimitta pAkara AtmA ke sAtha baMdha jAtA hai| kAlAntara meM yahI dravya AtmA ko zubha yA azubha phala detA hai / isakA khulAsA isa prakAra hai jaina darzana chaH dravya mAnatA hai-jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla / apane cAroM ora jo kucha hama carma cakSuoM se dekhate haiM saba pudgala dravya hai / yaha pudgala dravya 23 taraha kI vargaNAoM meM vibhakta hai| una vargaNAmoM meM se eka kArmaNa vargaNA bhI hai, jo samasta saMsAra meM vyApta hai / yaha kArmaraNa vargaNA hI jIvoM ke karmoM kA nimitta pAkara karmarUpa pariNata ho jAtI hai| jaisA ki prAcArya kundakunda ne likhA hai "pariNamadi jadA appA suhammi asUhammi raagdosjdo| taM pavisadi kammarayaM NANAvaraNAdibhAvehiM / " (pravacanasAra 65) arthAt jaba rAga-dveSa se yukta AtmA acche yA bure kAmoM meM lagatI hai, taba karmarUpI raja jJAnAvaraNIya Adi rUpa se usameM praveza karatI hai| ___isa prakAra jaina siddhAnta ke anusAra karma eka mUrta padArtha hai, jo jIva ke sAtha bandha ko prApta ho jAtA hai| jIva amatika hai aura karma dravya mUrtika / aisI dazA meM una donoM kA bandha hI sambhava nahIM hai / kyoMki mUrtika ke sAtha mUrtika kA bandha hI ho sakatA hai, kintu amUrtika ke sAtha mUrtika kA bandha kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai, aisI AzaMkA kI jA sakatI hai, jisakA samAdhAna nimna prakAra hai anya darzanoM kI taraha jaina darzana bhI jIva aura karma ke sambandha ke pravAha ko anAdi mAnatA hai| kisI samaya yaha jIva sarvathA zuddha thA aura bAda ko usake Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ karma kA svarUpa ] [ 65 sAtha karmoM kA bandha huA, aisI mAnyatA nahIM hai / kyoMki isa mAnyatA meM aneka vipratipattiyAM utpanna hotI haiM / ' paMcAstikAya' meM jIva aura karma ke isa anAdi sambandha ko jIva pudgala karma cakra ke nAma se abhihita karate hue likhA hai "jo khalu saMsArattho jIvo tatto du hohi pariNAmo / pariNAmAdo kammaM kammAdo hodi gadisu gadI / / gadimadhigadassa deho dehAdo indriyANi jAyaMte / tehi du visayagahaNaM tatto rAgo va doso vA / / ( 2 ) jAyadi jIvassevaM bhAvo saMsAracakravAlammi | idi jiNavarehiM bhaNido praNAdiNighaNo saNidhaNo vA // (30) artha :- jo jIvana saMsAra meM sthita hai prarthAt janma zraura maraNa ke cakra meM * par3A huA hai usake rAga aura dveSa rUpa pariNAma hote haiM / pariNAmoM se naye karma baMdhate haiM / karmoM se gatiyoM meM janma lenA par3atA hai / janma lene se zarIra hotA hai / zarIra meM indriyAM hotI haiM / indriyoM se viSayoM ko grahaNa karatA hai / viSayoM ke jJAna se rAga aura dveSa rUpa pariNAma hote haiM / isa prakAra saMsAra rUpI cakra meM par3e hue jIva ke bhAvoM se karma aura karma se bhAva hote rahate haiM / yaha pravAha abhavya jIva kI apekSA se anAdi ananta hai aura bhavya jIva kI apekSA se anAdi sAnta hai / isase spaSTa hai ki jIva anAdi kAla se mUrtika karmoM se baMdhA huA hai / jaba jIva mUrtika karmoM se baMdhA hai, taba usake naye karma baMdhate haiM, ve karma jIva meM sthita mUrtika karmoM ke sAtha hI baMdhate haiM, kyoMki mUrtika kA mUrtika ke sAtha saMyoga hotA hai aura mUrti kA mUrtika ke sAtha baMdha hotA hai / ataH AtmA meM sthita purAtana karmoM ke sAtha hI naye karma baMdha ko prApta hote rahate haiM / isa prakAra paramparA se kadAcita mUrtika AtmA ke sAdha mUrtika karma dravya kA sambandha jAnanA cAhiye / sArAMza yaha hai ki anya darzana kriyA aura tajjanya saMskAra ko karma kahate haiM, kintu jaina darzana jIva se sambaddha mUrtika dravya aura nimitta se hone vAle rAgadva eSa rUpa bhAvoM ko karma kahatA hai / Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ [ 1 ] kiNa vidha hove chUTa karama ko [rAga vihAga-bheSa dhara yoMhI janama gamAyo] kiNa vidha hove chUTa karama ko, kiNa vidha hove chUTa ||tte0|| duSTa ruSTa mana muSTa calAkara, kiyo vRkSa ne ThaMTa // iNa bhava kuSTa, puSTa tana parabhava, vAyasa rahA aMga cUMTa // 1 // vezyA sama chala-bala-kala karane, banagayo syAraNo sUTa / Ayo hATa meM daI TATa meM, liyo bANyA ne lUTa / / 2 / / guNavaMtA kA guNa nahiM kInA, avaguNa kADhyA jhUTha / idhara udhara kI bAta baNAkara, pApI pADI phUTa / / 3 / / SaT-rasa bhojana mahala triyA sukha, rAja karU cahuM khUTa / pApa mAhe agresara baniyo, prAyubala gayo khUTa / / 4 / / satasaMgata ko nAma na lIno, vitta dAva bade mukha tUTa / "sujANa" kahe satazIla dharama bina, jyU TolA ko U~Ta / / 5 / / -muni zrI sujAnamalajI ma. sA. [ 2 ] prabhu tuma sauM nAhIM paradA ho [rAga-jhaMjhoTI] ina karamauM tai merA DaradA ho |in0|| inahI ke parasaMga tai sAMI, bhava-bhava meM duHkha bharadA ho ||in||1|| nimaSa na saMga tajata ye merA, maiM bahuterA hI tar3aphadA ho ||in||2|| ye mili bahauta dIna lakhi mauMko, AThoM hI jAma rahai laradA ho |in||3|| duHkha aura darada kI maiMsaya hIarapadA, prabhu tuma sauM nAhIM paradA hau ||in|4|| 'bakhatarAma' kahai aba tau inakA, pheri na kIjie ArajUdA ho |in||5|| -bakhatarAma Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only