Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jainAcArya nAgArjuna pro0 ema0 ema0 jozI, bhautikI vibhAga, ilAhAbAda vizvavidyAlaya, ilAhAbAda, u0 pra0 alabarUnI ne apane grantha "bhAratavarNana" meM rasavidyA ke AcArya nAgArjana kA ullekha karate hae likhA hai ki ve saurASTra meM somanAtha ke nikaTa daihaka meM rahate the| ve rasavidyA meM bahuta nipuNa the| unhoMne isa viSaya para eka grantha bhI likhA, jo alabarUnI ke kathanAnusAra durlabha ho gayA thA, parantu usane yaha bhI likhA hai ki nAgArjuna usase koI sau sAla hI pahile hae the| isa ullekha se saurASTra vAle nAgArjana kA kAla dasavIM zatAbdi ke Asa-pAsa mAnA jaaygaa| yadi yaha sthApanA satya ho to prazna uThatA hai ki yaha ullekha bauddha dArzanika nAgArjana, jinakA kAla IsA pUrva pahilI zatI nizcita kiyA jA cukA hai, ke bAre meM athavA siddha nAgArjuna, jo sAtavIM zatAbdI meM hue, ke bAre meM to ho nahIM sakatA, ataH kyA yaha kisI tIsare nAgArjuna se sambandhita hai ? kucha vidvAnoM kA abhimata hai ki alaberUnI kA tAtparya bauddha nAgArjuna se nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki ve to usase kama se kama hajAra-bAraha sau varSa pUrva hue the / hA~, siddha nAgArjuna ke bAre meM vaha avazya likha sakatA thA, kyoMki ve alaberUnI ke Ane se tIna-cAra sau varSa pUrva hI hue the, parantu isa sthApanA ko mAnane meM sabase bar3I ar3acana yaha hai ki sAtavIM zatI vAle siddha nAgArjuna nAlandA se sambandhita the aura unakA ullekha caurAso siddhoM meM milatA hai| para alaverUnI ne to nAgArjuna ko saurASTra kA nivAsI likhA hai| ataH yaha prazna uThanA ucita hai ki kyA koI tIsarA nAgArjuna bhI huA thA ? kucha vidvAnoM kI rAya meM alaberUnI ne prApta sUcanAoM kI prAmANikatA para kAphI UhApoha ke bAda hI unakA samAveza apanI pustaka meM kiyA hai, ataH saurASTra kSetra meM kisI tIsare nAgArjuna ke astitva ko DhUMDhane kA prayatna svAbhAvika hI kahA jAyagA / hAla hI meM, prAcIna bhAratIya vaijJAnika paramparA ke adhyayana ke silasile meM kucha jaina granthoM kA avalokana karane kA avasara milA tathA udayapura ke DA. rAjendraprakAza bhaTanAgara kI jaina Ayurveda se sambandhita pustaka bhI par3hane kA suyoga milaa| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki jaina paramparA meM bhI eka nAgArjuna hue haiM aura unheM bhI siddha nAgArjuna hI kahA jAtA thaa| merutuGgAcArya racita prabandha cintAmaNi ke "nAgArjunotpattistambhanaka tIrthAvatAra prabandha" meM nAgArjuna ke janma evaM siddha puruSa banane kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| usake anusAra aneka prakAra kI auSadhiyoM ke prabhAva se nAgArjuna siddha puruSa bane tathA pAdaliptAcArya ke ziSya banakara koTivedhI rasa ke nirmANa kI vidhi bhI jAna gye| jaina granthoM ke anusAra nAgArjuna "DhaMka-giri", jo saurASTra prAnta meM thA, ke nivAsI the, kintu unheM sAtavAhana nareza kA Azraya milA thA, jise rasavedha dvArA unhoMne dIrghAyu prApta karAI thI / 'laeNka-giri" guphAe~ prAcIna itihAsavidoM ke zodha ke pariNAmasvarUpa tIsarI zatAbdi IsvI kI samajhI jAtI hai / ataH IsA kI dUsarI yA tIsarI zatI meM nAgArjuna saurASTra meM rasAyanazAstrI ke rUpa meM vikhyAta the| jaina sAhitya meM DhaMka giri ko zatrujaya parvata kA bhAga mAnA jAtA hai, yaha saurASTra meM ballabhIpura ke nikaTa hai / 'nAgArjunI-vAcanA' yA 'ballabhI vAcanA' ke nAma se jaina AgamoM ke pAThoM kA ullekha to yatra-tatra milatA hai, para pATha anupalabdha haiM / ataH ballabhIpura meM nAgArjuna kI upasthiti IsA kI tIsarI zatI ke Asa-pAsa hone ke saMketa to spaSTa haiM / DA. bhaTanAgara ke matAnusAra yahI vaha tIsare nAgArjuna hai, jo bauddha nAgArjuna evaM nAlandA ke siddha nAgArjuna se bhinna haiM tathA inhoM kA ullekha alaberUnI ne kiyA hai, kintu inakA samaya batAne meM usane bhUla kI hai| unakI dRSTi se
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 4] jainAcArya nAgArjuna 299 nAgArjuna, AcArya pAdaliptasUri ke ziSya the| jaina granthoM meM pAdaliptasUri jI kA jIvana vRtta vistAra se milatA hai| prabhAvaka caritra, prabandhakoSa, prabandha cintAmaNi prabhRti ke avalokana se yaha vidita hotA hai ki AcArya pAdaliptasari IsA kI pahilI zatI meM hue the / DA0 nemicaMdra zAstrI ke anusAra "vizeSAvazyaka bhASya" evaM "nizotha-Ni" jaise granthoM meM pAdaliptasari jI ke ullekha ke kAraNa unakA kAla paryApta prAcIna mAnA jAnA caahie| AcArya pAdalipta ko aisA lepa jJAta thA ki jise pairoM para lagAne se ve AkAza gamana kara sakate the| isI kAraNa inheM pAdalipta kahA gayA / pAdalipta ke eka ziSya skandila bhI the| jaina sAhitya ke vRhad itihAsa ke avalokana se patA calatA hai ki nAgArjuna bhI inhIM ke ziSya the| prabandhakoSa ke anusAra dakSiNa ke pratiSThAnapura kA sAtavAhana rAjA AcArya pAdalipta kA samakAlona thA / usake samaya meM pATaliputra kA rAjA muruMDa thA / prazna hai ki pratiSThAnapura kA kauna sA rAjA pAdalipta kA samavartI thaa| aba eka anya dRSTi se bhI vicAra kreN| jayacaMdra vidyAlaMkAra kRta bhAratIya itihAsa ke unmIlana nAmaka graMtha meM kahA gayA hai ki janavAGmaya ke anusAra pratiSThAnapura ke zAlivAhana yA sAtavAhana rAjA ne bharukaccha ke rAjA nahapAna para vijaya prApta kI thI aura yahI rAjA bAda meM vikramAditya ke nAma se prasiddha haA tathA pratiSThAnapura se Akara usane ujjayinI para vijaya prApta kI thii| isa vikramAditya kA vAstavika nAma gautamIputra zAtakaNi thaa| isI rAjA ne jaba mAlavagaNa ke sahayoga se zakoM ko I0 pU0 57 meM haTAyA, taba se vikramI saMvat prArambha huaa| ___ aba yadi isa tathya para vicAra kiyA jAya ki zAtavAhana rAjya kA utkarSa kaba huA, to yaha nirdhAraNa karanA sambhava ho sakatA hai ki AcArya pAdalipta kaba hue the| zAtavAhana rAjya Isvo pUrva dUsarI zatAbdi se IsvI prathama-dvitoya zatAbdi ke Asa-pAsa rahA / usameM bhI caramotkarSa para IsvI pUrva prathama zatAbdi se IsvI prathama zatI meM lagabhaga 100 varSoM taka rhaa| inhIM dinoM sAtavAhanoM kA darabAra vidyA kA kendra bana gyaa| ataH jaina granthoM ke anusAra rAjA hAla ke darabAra meM pAdalipti jaise AcArya ko AdarapUrvaka rakhA jAnA yuktisaMgata pratIta hotA hai| kucha vidvAnoM ke mata meM DhaMkagiri prathama-dvitIya zato kI honI caahie| yaha abhimata adhika yuktisaMgata lagatA hai| taba jaina nAgArjuna kA kAla . IsvI prathama-dvitIya zato ke Asa-pAsa honA sambhava hai aura unako guru-paramparA se mela khA jAtA hai| aisA lagatA hai ki gautamI bAlazrI ke nAsika abhilekha meM putra evaM pautra donoM ke kAryoM kA eka sAtha ullekha karane se vidvajjanoM ne yaha samajhA ki pitA evaM putra eka sAtha ho rAjya kara rahe the| yadyapi aisA hAnA asambhava nahIM hai, kintu yaha bhI to ho sakatA hai ki gautamI bAlazrI sAmAnya se adhika dIrghAyu prApta kara sakI hoM aura pautra ke rAjyakAla meM bhI arase taka jIvita rahI hoM, ataH nAsika abhilekha meM donoM ke kAryoM kA ullekha ho| ataH yaha nizcita karanA Avazyaka hai ki AcArya pAdaliptasUri kisake samakAlika the ? vikramAditya ke samavartI hone para, aura dIrghajIvI hone para to tIsarI zatI IsvI meM nAgArjuna ke guru hone kI sambhAvanA aTapaTI sI lagato hai| yadi aisA hotA to doghaMjIvana ko camatkArika upalabdhi kA ullekha itihAsa granthoM yA Ayurveda sAhitya meM honA cAhie thA, para abhI taka aisA vivaraNa mero jAnakArI meM nahIM hai / yadyapi bola nAmaka vidvAna ne bauddha nAgArjuna kA samaya I0 pU0 33 nirdhArita kiyA hai, kintu reno aura philiyoje ke mata meM bauddha nAgArjuna IsvI prathama zatAbdi ke anta meM hue the / yadi yaha sthApanA mAnya ho, taba bauddha evaM jaina nAgArjuna lagabhaga samakAlIna hoNge| jaina granthoM ke anusAra nAgArjuna ne DhaMka parpata ko guphA meM rasakUpikA sthApita kI tho aura rasa-siddhi tathA suvarNa-siddhi ke prayoga bhI kiye the| unhoMne jaina AgamoM ko vAcanA taiyAra kraaii| kaI bAtoM meM boddha nAgArjuna evaM jaina nAgArjuna ke vyaktitvoM meM kAphI sAmya bhI dRSTigocara hotA hai| donoM hI rasAyana zAstra ke jJAtA the, donoM ne ho vibhinna graMthoM ke zuddha rUpa ko prastuta kiyA thaa| jJAtavya hai ki bIla ne nAgArjuna ko buddha ke cAra so varSa bAda honA batAyA hai| ataH bIla kA mata buddha ke kAla-nirdhAraNa para nirbhara karatA hai| yadi mahAtmA buddha kA hI kAla poche khisaka jAye, taba kyA hogA? bahuta se vidvAnoM ke abhimata meM IsA pUrva bhAratIya itihAsa ko aneka gutthiyAM aiso
Page #3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 300 paM0 jaganmohanalAla zAstrI sAdhuvAda grantha [khaNDa hai ki jo vibhinna ghaTanAoM ke kAla-nirdhAraNa ko ulajhA detI haiN| bauddha nAgArjuna evaM jaina nAgArjuna ke bAre meM prApta jAnakArI kA sahI upayoga karake unakA spaSTa kAla-nirdhAraNa karanA una gutthiyoM ko sulajhAne meM sahAyaka to hogA hI, sAtha hI bhAratIya jJAna-vijJAna ke unnayana meM jaina manISiyoM ke yogadAna kA bhI spaSTa unmIlana karane meM sahAyaka hogaa| jaina sAhitya ke zodhakoM se merA anurodha hai ki ve mAtra pazcimI vidvAnoM dvArA prastAvita tithiyoM ko hI sadA satya na mAna leM, apitu jaina paramparA tathA anya sama-sAmayika paramparAoM ke milAna ke bAda hI kAla-nirdhAraNa kreN| yadi jaina nAgArjuna ke sambandha meM samasta upalabdha sAmagrI kA samIkSAtmaka vivaraNa taiyAra ho sake tathA unakA ThIka kAla nirNaya ho sake, to vaha eka mahatvapUrNa upalabdhi mAnA jAyagA / isa dRSTi se Ayurveda ke itihAsa vizArada, jaina sAhitya zodhaka evaM prAcIna itihAsa tathA purAtatva vettAoM kA sAmUhika prakalpa liyA jAnA upayogI hogaa| avidyA aura usakA parivAra avidyA mohavRkSa kI vela hai, viSa-vela hai, duHkhaphalA hai, kulaTA lI hai, pizAcI hai, asatI hai, vegavatI nadI hai evaM viSakanyA hai / __isa avidyA kA putra ahaMkAra hai| isakI putravadhU mamatA hai| ahaMkAra ke do putra haiMsva-para sNklp-viklp| ina putroM ko rati aura arati nAmaka striyA~ ( pautravadhU ) haiN| inake do putra haiM-sukha aura duHkha / ___ isa prakAra avidyA kA vizAla aura akSaya parivAra hai| isake kAraNa vaha dinoMdina AnandapUrvaka bar3ha rahI hai| -Atmaprabodha (kumAra kavi)