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________________ jaina evaM bauddha dharma meM svahita aura lokahita kA prazna svArtha aura parArtha kI samasyA bahuta purAnI hai / naitika cintana svArthavAda aura parArthavAda ke artha para bhI vicAra kara lenA hogA / ke prArambha se hI svahita aura lokahita kA prazna mahattvapUrNa rahA hai| eka svArthavAda 'AtmarakSaNa' hai aura parArthavAda 'AtmatyAga' hai / ora cANakya kahate haiM - 'strI, dhana Adi se bar3hakara apanI rakSA kA prayatna maikenjI likhate haiM- 'jaba hama kevala apane hI vyaktigata sAdhya kI karanA caahie|' vidura ne bhI kahA hai - 'jo svArtha ko chor3akara parArtha siddhi cAhate haiM taba ise svArthavAda kahA jAtA hai; parArthavAda hai dUsare ke karatA hai, jo mitroM arthAt dUsare logoM ke lie vyartha hI zrama karatA hai sAdhya kI siddhi kA prayAsa karanA / ' dUsare zabdoM meM svArthavAda ko vaha mUrkha hI hai / ' kintu dUsarI ora yaha bhI kahA jAtA hai, svahita ke svahitavAdI dRSTikoNa aura parArthavAda ko lokahitavAdI dRSTikoNa bhI lie to sabhI jIte haiM jo loka hita ke lie, parArtha ke lie jItA hai, kaha sakate haiM / vastuta: usakA jIvana hI saphala hai / jisa jIvana meM paropakAra vRtti nahIM ho usase to maraNa hI acchA hai| jaina darzana meM svArtha aura parArtha kI samasyA pAzcAtya vicAraka harabarTa spensara ne to svArtha aura parArtha ke yadi svArtha aura parArtha kI uparokta paribhASA svIkAra kI jAe isa prazna ko naitikatA kI vAstavika samasyA kahA hai / yahA~ taka ki to jaina darzana ko na svArthavAdI kahA jA sakatA hai, na parArthavAdI hii| pAzcAtya AcArazAstrIya vicAraNA meM to svArtha kI samasyA ko lekara do jaina darzana AtmA ke svaguNoM ke rakSaNa evaM svAdhyAya kI bAta kahatA dala bana gaye / svArthavAdI vicAraka jinameM hAbsa, nItze prabhRti pramukha hai, isa artha meM vaha svArthavAdI hai, lekina isake sAtha hI vaha kaSAyAtmA haiM, yaha mAnate haiM ki manuSya prakRtyA kevala svArtha yA apane lAbha se ke visarjana, vAsanAtmaka AtmA ke tyAga ko bhI Avazyaka mAnatA hai prerita hokara kArya karatA hai / ve mAnate haiM ki naitikatA kA vahI siddhAnta aura isa artha meM vaha parArthavAdI bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| yadi hama maikenjI samucita hai jo mAnava prakRti kI isa dhAraNA ke anukUla ho / unakI kI paribhASA ko svIkAra kareM aura yaha mAne ki vyaktigata sAdhya kI dRSTi meM apane hita ke kArya karane meM hI manuSya kA zreya hai| dUsarI ora siddhi svArthavAda aura dUsare ke sAdhya kI siddhi kA prayAsa parArthavAda hai, benthama, mila prabhRti vicAraka mAnava kI svasukhavAdI manovaijJAnika to bhI jaina darzana svArthavAdI aura parArthavAdI donoM hI siddha hotA hai| prakRti ko svIkAra karate hue bhI bauddhika AdhAra para yaha siddha karate haiM vaha vyaktigata AtmA se mokSa yA siddhi kA samarthana karane ke kAraNa ki parahita kI bhAvanA hI naitika dRSTi se ucita hai / naitika jIvana kA svArthavAdI to hogA hI lekina dUsare kI mukti ke hetu prayAsazIla hone sAdhya parArtha hai / pro0 mila kevala parArtha ko svArtha ke bauddhika AdhAra ke kAraNa parArthavAdI bhI kahA jA sakegA / yadyapi Atma kalyANa, para siddha kara hI santuSTa nahIM ho jAte varan AMtarika aMkuza (Internal vaiyaktika baMdhana evaM du:kha se nivRtti ke dRSTikoNa se to jaina sAdhanA kA Sanition) ke dvArA use svAbhAvika bhI siddha karate haiM, unake anusAra prANa Atmahita hI hai tathApi jisa loka karuNA evaM lokahita kI yaha AMtarika aMkuza sajAtIyatA kI bhAvanA hai jo ki mAnava meM yadyapi anupama bhAvanA se arhat pravacana kA prasphuTana hotA hai use bhI nahIM janmajAta nahIM hai, phira bhI asvAbhAvika yA anaisargika bhI nahIM haiN| dUsare jhuThalAyA jA sakatA / anya vicAraka bhI jinameM baTalara, koMta, zaoNpanahaoNvara evaM TAlasTAya Adi pramukha haiM, mAnava kI manovaijJAnika prakRti meM sahAnubhUti, prema Adi jaina sAdhanA meM lokahita ke tattvoM kI upasthiti dikhAkara parArthavAdI yA loka maMgalakArI AcArya samantabhadra jinastuti karate hue kahate haiM - he bhagavAn ! AcAradarzana kA sarmathana karate haiM / harabarTa spensara se lekara breDale, grIna, ApakI yaha saMgha (samAja) vyavasthA sabhI prANiyoM ke du:khoM kA anta arabana Adi samakAlIna vicArakoM taka kI eka lambI paramparA ne mAnava karane vAlI aura sabakA kalyANa (sarvodaya) karane vAlI hai| isase jIvana ke vibhinna pakSoM ko ubhArate hue svArthavAda aura parArthavAda meM bar3hakara loka Adarza aura loka maMgala kI kAmanA kyA ho sakatI hai ? sAmAnya-zubha (Common Good) ke rUpa meM samanvaya sAdhane kA praznavyAkaraNa sUtra nAmaka Agama grantha meM kahA gayA hai- bhagavAn kA prayAsa kiyA hai| mAnava prakRti meM vividhatAe~ haiM, usameM svArtha aura yaha sukathita pravacana saMsAra ke sabhI prANiyoM ke rakSaNa evaM karuNA ke parArtha ke tattva Avazyaka rUpa se upasthita haiM / AcAradarzana kA kArya lie hai / jaina sAdhanA loka maMgala kI dhAraNA ko lekara hI Age yaha nahIM hai ki vaha svArthavAda yA parArthavAda meM se kisI eka siddhAnta bar3hatI hai| Age usI sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki jaina sAdhanA kI kA samarthana yA virodha kare / usakA kArya to yaha hai ki "sva' aura 'para' pAMcoM mahAvrata saba prakAra se lokahita ke lie hI haiM / ahiMsA kI ke madhya saMgharSoM kI sambhAvanA kA nirAkaraNa kiyA jA ske| bhAratIya vivecanA karate hue praznavyAkaraNa sUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki sAdhanA ke * AcAradarzana kahA~ taka aura kisa rUpa meM sva aura para ke madhya saMgharSa prathama sthAna para sthita yaha ahiMsA sabhI prANiyoM kA kalyANa karane kI sambhAvanA ko samApta karate haiM, isa bAta kI vivecanA ke pUrva hameM vAlI hai / yaha bhagavatI ahiMsA prANiyoM meM bhayabhItoM ke lie
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________________ jaina evaM bauddha dharma meM svahita aura lokahita kA prazna 573 zaraNa ke samAna hai, pakSiyoM ke lie AkAza-gamana ke samAna nirbAdha rUpa sAmAnyatayA vizva-kalyANa aura vaiyaktika kalyANa kI bhAvanAoM se hitakAriNI hai pyAsoM ko pAnI ke samAna, bhUkhoM ko bhojana ke samAna, ke AdhAra para sAdhakoM kI ye vibhinna kakSAe~ nirdhArita kI gaI haiN| samudra meM jahAja ke samAna, rogiyoM ke lie auSadhi ke samAna aura aTavI isameM tIrthaMkara ko sarvocca sthAna isalie diyA jAtA hai ki vaha lokameM sahAyaka ke samAna hai11 / tIrthaMkara namaskAra sUtra (namotthuNaM) meM tIrthaMkara kalyANa ke Adarza ko apanAtA hai| jisa prakAra bauddha dharma meM bodhisatva ke lie lokanAtha, lokahitakara, lokapradIpa, abhaya ke dAtA Adi jina aura arhat ke AdarzoM meM bhinnatA hai usI prakAra jaina dharma meM tIrthaMkara vizeSaNoM kA upayoga huA hai ve bhI jaina dRSTi kI loka maMgalakArI aura sAmAnya kevalI ke AdarzoM meM tAratamyAtmaka bhinnatA hai / bhAvanA ko spaSTa karate haiN| tIrthaMkaroM kA pravacana evaM dharma pravartana prANiyoM ina sabake atirikta jaina dharma meM saMgha (samAja) ko sarvopari ke anugraha ke lie hotA hai, na ki pUjA yA satkAra ke lie12 / yadi mAnA gayA hai / saMghahita samasta vaiyaktika sAdhanAoM se bhI Upara hai; aisA mAnA jAe ki jaina sAdhanA kevala Atmahita, AtmakalyANa kI paristhiti vizeSa meM saMgha ke kalyANa ke lie vaiyaktika sAdhanA kA bAta kahatI hai to phira tIrthaMkara ke dvArA tIrthapravartana yA saMgha saMcAlana kA parityAga bhI Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| jaina sAhitya meM AcArya kAlaka koI artha hI nahIM raha jAtA, kyoMki kaivalya kI upalabdhi ke bAda unheM kI kathA isakA sabala udAharaNa hai| apane kalyANa ke lie kucha karanA zeSa hI nahIM rahatA / ata: mAnanA sthAnAMga sUtra meM jina dasa dharmoM (kartavyoM)17 kA nirdeza kiyA par3egA ki jaina sAdhanA kA Adarza mAtra Atma-kalyANa hI nahIM varan gayA hai usameM saMghadharma, gaNadharma, rASTradharma, nagaradharma, grAmadharma aura loka-kalyANa bhI hai| kuladharma kI upasthiti isa bAta kA sabala pramANa hai ki jaina dRSTi na jaina dArzanikoM ne Atmahita kI apekSA lokahita ko sadaiva hI kevala Atmahita yA vaiyaktika vikAsa taka sImita hai, varan usameM mahattva diyA hai / jaina vicAraNA ke anusAra sAdhanA kI sarvocca U~cAI lokahita yA loka-kalyANa kA ajastra pravAha bhI pravAhita ho rahA hai| para sthita sabhI jIvanmukta AdhyAtmika pUrNatA kI dRSTi se yadyapi samAna yadyapi jainadarzana lokahita, lokamaMgala kI bAta kahatA hai, hI hote haiM phira bhI jaina vicArakoM ne unakI AtmahitakAriNI aura lekina usakI eka zarta hai, vaha yaha ki parArtha ke lie svArtha kA lokahitakAriNI dRSTi ke tAratamya ko lakSya meM rakhakara unameM visarjana kiyA jA sakatA hai, lekina AtmArtha kA nahIM / usake anusAra uccAvacca krama ko svIkAra kiyA hai / eka sAmAnya kevalI (jIvanmukta) vaiyaktika bhautika upalabdhiyoM ko loka-kalyANa ke lie samarpita aura tIrthakara meM AdhyAtmika pUrNatAe~ samAna hI hotI haiM, phira bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai aura kiyA bhI jAnA cAhie, kyoMki ve hameM jagat tIrthaMkara kI lokahita kI dRSTi ke kAraNa hI tIrthaMkara ko sAmAnya kevalI se hI milI haiM, ve vastuta: saMsAra kI haiM, hamArI nahIM / sAMsArika kI apekSA ucca sthAna diyA gayA hai| upalabdhiyA~ saMsAra ke lie haiM, ata: unakA lokahita ke lie visarjana jaina dharma ke anusAra jIvanmukta avasthA ko prApta kara lene kiyA jAnA cAhie / lekina AdhyAtmika vikAsa yA vaiyaktika vAle vyaktiyoM ke bhI lokahita ke AdhAra para tIna varga hote haiM - naitikatA ko lokahita ke nAma para kuNThita kiyA jAnA, use svIkAra 1. tIrthaMkara 2. gaNadhara 3. muNDakevalI / nahIM hai / aisA lokahita jo vyakti ke caritra ke patana athavA AdhyAtmika kuNThana se phalita hotA ho use svIkAra nahIM hai / lokahita aura 1. tIrthaMkara - tIrthaMkara vaha hai jo sarvahita ke saMkalpa ko Atmahita ke sandarbha meM usakA svarNasUtra hai Atmahita karo aura yathAzakya lekara sAdhanA mArga meM AtA hai aura apanI AdhyAtmika pUrNatA ko prApta lokahita bhI karo lekina jahA~ Atmahita aura lokahita meM dvandva ho aura kara lene ke pazcAt bhI lokahita meM lagA rahatA hai| sarvahita, sarvodaya Atmahita ke kuNThana para hI lokahita phalita hotA ho to vahA~ Atmaaura loka-kalyANa hI usake jIvana kA dhyeya hotA hai| kalyANa hI zreSTha hai| 2. gaNadhara - sahavargIya hita ke saMkalpa ko lekara sAdhanA Atmahita svArtha nahIM hai - Atmahita svArthavAda nahIM hai / kSetra meM praviSTa hone vAlA aura apanI AdhyAtmika pUrNatA ko prApta kara AtmakAma vastuta: niSkAma hotA hai kyoMki usakI koI kAmanA nahIM lene para bhI sahavargIyoM ke hita evaM kalyANa ke lie prayatnazIla rahane hotI hai, usakA koI svArtha nahIM hotA / svArthI to vaha hai, jo yaha vAlA sAdhaka gaNadhara kahalAtA hai / vargahita yA gaNa kalyANa gaNadhara cAhatA hai ki sabhI loga usake hita ke lie kArya kareM / AtmArthI svArthI ke jIvana kA dhyeya hotA hai| nahIM hai, usakI dRSTi to yaha hotI hai ki sabhI apane hita ke lie kArya kareM / svArtha aura AtmakalyANa meM maulika antara yaha hai ki svArtha kI 3. sAmAnya kevalI yA muNDakevalI * Atma kalyANa sAdhanA meM rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyA~ kAma karatI haiM jabaki Atmahita yA ko hI jisane apanI sAdhanA kA dhyeya banAyA hotA hai aura jo isI Atma-kalyANa ke lie rAga-dveSa se yukta hokara AtmakalyANa kI AdhAra para sAdhanA mArga meM pravRtta hotA huA AdhyAtmika pUrNatA kI sambhAvanA hI nahIM rahatI / yathArtha Atmahita meM rAga-dveSa kA abhAva upalabdhi karatA hai, vaha muNDakevalI kahalAtA hai|5 / hotA hai / svArtha aura parArtha meM saMgharSa kI sambhAvanA bhI tabhI taka hai jabaki
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________________ 574 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 vRtti se kiyA jAne vAlA parArtha bhI saccA lokahita nahIM hai, vaha to svArtha hI hai, jisa prakAra ke zAsana ke dvArA niyukta evaM prerita samAjakalyANa adhikArI vastuta: lokahita kA kartA nahIM hai, vaha to vetana ke lie lokahita karatA hai / usI prakAra rAga se prerita hokara lokahita ke prayatna rAga kI abhivyakti, pratiSThA kI rakSA, yaza arjana kI bhAvanA yA bhAvI lAbha kI prApti hetu hI hote haiM / aisA parArtha vastutaH svArtha hI hai / saccA Atmahita aura saccA lokahita, rAga-dveSa se zUnya anAsakti kI bhUmi para prasphuTita hotA hai lekina usa avasthA meM Akara na to 'sva' rahatA hai na 'para' kyoMki jahA~ rAga hai vahIM 'sva' hai aura jahA~ 'sva' hai vahIM 'para' hai| rAga kI zUnyatA hone para sva aura para kA vibheda hI samApta ho jAtA hai, aisI rAga zUnyatA kI bhUmi para sthita hokara kiyA jAne vAlA Atmahita bhI lokahita hotA hai aura lokahita Atmahita hotA hai / donoM meM koI saMgharSa nahIM, koI dvaita nahIM hai / usa dazA meM na to koI apanA hai, na koI parAyA / svArtha aura parArtha jaisI samasyA yahA~ rahatI hI nhiiN| jaina dharma ke anusAra svArtha aura parArtha ke madhya sabhI avasthAoM meM saMgharSa rahe yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai / vyakti jaise-jaise bhautika jIvana se AdhyAtmika jIvana kI ora Upara uThatA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise svArthaparArtha kA saMgharSa bhI samApta hotA jAtA hai / jaina vicArakoM ne parArtha yA lokahita ke tIna stara mAne haiM 1. dravya lokahita 2. bhAva lokahita aura 3. pAramArthika lokahita / sandarbha 1. AtmAnaM satataM rakSet dArairapi dhanairapi -cANakya nIti 2. svamartha yaH parityajya parArthamanutiSThati mithyA carita mitrAthaiyazca mUr3ha sa ucyate / / - viduranIti 3. AtmArthe jIvaloke'smin ko na jIvati mAnavaH / paraM paropakArArthaM yo jIvati sa jIvati / / -subhASita bhANDAgAram 4. jIvitAnmaraNaM zreSThaM paropakRtivarjitAt / 5. nIti pravezikA-maikenjI-hindI anuvAda pRSTha, 234 / 6. sammecca loe kheyannehi pavaie - AcArAMga 7. sarvApadAntakaraM nirantaM sarvodayaM tIrthamidaM tavaiva / 8. savva jagajIva rakkhaNa dayaTThAe pAvayaNaM bhagavaM sukahiyaM / - praznavyAkaraNa sUtra, 21/22 9. mahavvayAIM lokahiya savvayAI / - vahI, 1/1/21 10. tatthapaThamaM ahiMsA, tasa thAvara savvabhUyakhemakarI / - vahI, 1/1/3 11. vahI, 1/2/22 / 12. prANinAmanugrahArtham, na pUjAsatkArArtham / - sUtrakRtAMga (TI), 1/6/4 mohAndhakAra gahane saMsAra duHkhitA bata / 12. 1. dravya lokahitA - yaha lokahita kA bhautika stara hai| bhautika upAdAnoM jaise bhojana, vastra, AvAsa Adi tathA zArIrika sevA ke dvArA lokahita karanA lokahita kA bhautika stara hai, yahA~ para sAdhana bhautika hote haiM / dravya lokahita ekAnta rUpa se AcaraNIya nahIM kahA jA sakatA / yaha apavAdAtmaka evaM sApekSa naitikatA kA kSetra hai| bhautika stara para svahita kI pUrNatayA upekSA bhI nahIM kI jA sktii| yahA~ to svahita aura parahita meM ucita samanvaya banAnA hI apekSita hai| pAzcAtya naitika vicAraNA ke pariSkArita svArthavAda, bauddhika parArthavAda aura sAmAnya zubha ke siddhAntoM kA vicAra kSetra lokahita kA yaha bhautika svarUpa hI hai| anenottArayAmIti varabodhi samanvitaH / / karuNAdi guNopetaH parArtha vyasanI sadA / tathaiva ceSTate zrImAn vardhamAna mahodayaH / / tatkalyANa yogene kurvansattvArtha mevasaH / tIrthakRtvamavApnoti paraM savArtha sAdhanam / / - yogabindu, 285-288 14. cintayatyevamevaitat svajanAgataM tu yaH / tathAnuSThAnata: so'pi dhImAn gaNadharobhavet / / . yogabindu, 289 / saMvigno bhava nirvedAdAtmani: saraNaM tu yaH / AtmArtha sampravRtto sau sadA syAn muNDakevalI / / - yogabindu, 290 / 16. nizIthacUrNi, gA0 2860 / 17. sthAnAMga0, 10/760 18. AdahidaM kAdavvaM jadi sakkaI parahidaM ca kAdavvaM / Adahida parahiyAdo AdahidaM suTTha kAdavvaM / / - uddhRt, AtmasAdhanA saMgraha, pR0 441 / 2. bhAva lokahita20 - lokahita kA yaha stara bhautika stara se Upara sthita hai| yahA~ para lokahita ke sAdhana jJAnAtmaka yA caitasika hote haiM / isa stara para parArtha aura svArtha meM saMgharSa kI sambhAvanA alpatama hotI hai| 3. pAramArthika lokahita 21 - yaha lokahita kA sarvocca stara hai, yahA~ Atmahita aura parahita meM koI saMgharSa nahIM rahatA; koI dvaita nahIM rahatA / yahA~ para lokahita kA rUpa hotA hai-yathArtha jIvana dRSTi ke Jain Education Interational
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________________ 19. bhojanazayanA'cchAdana pradAnA'dilakSaNaH / sacAlpatayA 21. paramArthata: pAramezvara pravacanopadeza eva tasyeva bhavazatopacita nAtyantikazcaihikArya syA'pi sAdhanenaikAntena sAdhIyAniti / duHkhakSayakSamatvAt - Aha ca nopakAro jagatyasmistAdRzo vidyate kvacit / - abhidhAna rAjendra, khaNDa 5, pu0 697 yAdRzI du:khavicchedAd dehinAM dhrmdeshnaa| ' 20. bhAvopakArastvadhyApanazrAvaNAdisvarUpoM garIya nityAtyantika -abhidhAna rAjendra, khaNDa 5, pR0 697 / ubhayaloka sukhAvahazcetyato bhAvopakAra eva yatitavyam / - abhidhAnarAjendra, khaNDa 5, pR0697 paryAvaraNa ke pradUSaNa kI samasyA aura jainadharma tIvratA se bar3hatI huI janasaMkhyA aura upabhoktAvAdI saMskRti ke svayaM bhI jIvana haiM kyoMki inake abhAva meM jIvana kI kalpanA bhI sambhava kAraNa pradUSita hote paryAvaraNa kI rakSA kA prazna Aja mAnava samAja kI nahIM hai / kyA hama jala, vAyu, pRthvItattva evaM UrjA (agnitattva) ke eka jvalanta samasyA hai kyoMki pradUSita hote hue paryAvaraNa ke kAraNa abhAva meM jIvana kI koI kalpanA bhI kara sakate haiM ? ye to svayaM jIvana na kevala mAnavajAti apitu pRthvI para svayaM jIvana ke astitva ko bhI ke adhiSThAna haiM / ata: inakA durUpayoga yA vinAza svayaM jIvana kA hI khatarA utpanna ho gayA hai / upabhoktAvAdI saMskRti ke kAraNa jIvana ke vinAza hai / isIliye jainadharma meM use hiMsA yA pApa kahA gayA hai| hindU liye Avazyaka srotoM kA itanI tIvratA se aura itanI adhika mAtrA meM dharma meM pRthvI, jala, agni aura vAyu ko jo deva rUpa mAnA gayA hai, dohana ho rahA hai ki prAkRtika tela evaM gaisa kI bAta to dUra rahI, agalI usakA AdhAra bhI inakA jIvana ke adhiSThAna rUpa honA hI hai / jaina zatAbdI meM peyajala aura siMcAI hetu pAnI milanA bhI duSkara hogaa| yahI paramparA meM bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUrva bhagavAna pArzva ke kAla meM bhI pRthvI, nahIM, zaharoM meM zuddha prANavAyu ke thaile lagAkara calanA hogA / ata: jala, vAyu, agni aura vanaspati meM jIvana hone kI yaha avadhAraNA mAnavajAti ke bhAvI astitva ke liye yaha Avazyaka ho gayA hai ki upasthita thI / pRthvIkAyika, jalakAyika, vAyukAyika, agnikAyika, paryAvaraNa ko pradUSaNa se mukta karane ke prayatna avilamba prArambha ho / yaha vanaspatikAyika aura trasakAyika -- aise SaTjIvanikAyoM kI carcA zubha-lakSaNa hai ki paryAvaraNa ko pradUSaNa se mukta karane kI cetanA Aja prAcIna jaina AgamoM kA pramukha viSaya rahA hai / AcArAMgasUtra (I0pU0 samAja ke sabhI vargoM meM jAgI hai aura isI krama meM yaha vicAra bhI ubhara pA~cavI zatI) kA to prArambha hI ina SaTjIvanikAyoM ke nirUpaNa se tathA kara sAmane AyA hai ki vibhinna dhArmika paramparAoM meM paryAvaraNa ko unakI hiMsA ke kAraNoM evaM unakI hiMsA se bacane ke nirdezoM kI carcA pradUSaNa se mukta rakhane ke aise kauna se nirdeza haiM jinako ujAgara karake se hI hotA hai / ina SaTjIvanikAyoM kI hiMsA nahIM karane ke sandarbha meM paryAvaraNa ko pradUSaNa se mukta rakhane ke sandarbha meM mAnava samAja ke vibhinna jaina AcAryoM ke jo nirdeza haiM, ve paryAvaraNa ko pradUSaNa se mukta rakhane vargoM kI cetanA ko jAgRta kiyA jA sake / isa sandarbha meM yahA~ maiM jainadharma kI dRSTi se Aja sarvAdhika mUlyavAna bana gaye haiN| Age hama unhIM kI kI dRSTi se hI Apa logoM ke samakSa apane vicAra rkhuugaa| carcA kreNge| yaha eka nirvivAda tathya hai ki jainadharma meM bhogavRtti ke prati yaha eka anubhUta prAkRtika tathya hai, eka jIvana kI abhivyakti saMyama, ahiMsA aura asaMgraha (aparigraha) para sarvAdhika bala diyA gayA aura avasthiti dUsare zabdoM meM usakA janma, vikAsa aura astitva dUsare hai| usake inhI mUlabhUta siddhAntoM ke AdhAra para jainadharma meM aise aneka jIvanoM ke Azrita hai -- isase hama iMkAra bhI nahIM kara sakate haiM / kintu AcAra niyamoM kA nirdeza huA hai jinakA paripAlana Aja paryAvaraNa ko isa satya ko samajhane kI jIvana-dRSTiyA~ bhinna-bhinna rahI haiM / eka pradUSaNa se mukta rakhane ke liye Avazyaka hai / jainadharma ke pravartaka dRSTikoNa yaha rahA hai ki yadi eka jIvana dUsare jIvana para Azrita hai to AcAryoM ne Aja se DhAI hajAra varSa pUrva yaha udghoSaNA kI thI ki na hameM yaha adhikAra hai ki hama jIvana ke dUsare rUpoM kA vinAza karake bhI kevala prANIya jagat evaM vanaspati jagat meM jIvana kI upasthiti hai, apane astitva ko banAye rakheM / pUrva meM 'jIvojIvasya bhojanam' aura apitu unhoMne yaha bhI kahA thA ki pRthvI, pAnI, vAyu aura agni meM bhI pazcima meM 'astitva ke lie saMgharSa' (Struggle for existence) ke jIvana haiM / eka ora to ve yaha mAnate the ki pRthvI, pAnI evaM vanaspati siddhAnta isI dRSTikoNa ke kAraNa astitva meM Aye / inakI jIvana-dRSTi ke Azrita hokara anekAneka prANI apanA jIvana jIte haiM, ata: inake hiMsaka rahI / inhoMne vinAza se vikAsa kA mArga cunA / Aja pUrva se durUpayoga, vinAza yA hiMsA se unakA bhI vinAza hotA hai| dUsare ye pazcima taka isI jIvana-dRSTi kA bola-bAlA hai / jIvana ke dUsare rUpoM