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________________ jaina vAstu aura mUrttikalA paM0 ke0 bhujabalI zAstrI, vidyAbhUSaNa, mUDabidrI lArDa karjanako bhAratakI zilpakalA meM bar3A anurAga thA / usane apane zAsana kAlameM bhAratIya prAcIna kIrtisaMrakSaNa -- vibhAga sthApita kara bar3A upakAra kiyA / isa vibhAga dvArA kaI sthAnoMko khudAkara prAcIna sthApatyakalAke sundara-sundara namUne nikAle gaye / usameMse nAlaMdA, takSazilA, mohanajodaroM, haDappA Adi pramukha haiM / yahA~ko prAcIna aitihAsika sAmagriyA~ bar3e mahatvakI haiM / haDappA aura mohenajodar3omeM prApta mUrtiyA~ evaM imAratoMkI nirmANa - kalAmeM aura baibIliyAkI kalAmeM koI antara nahIM hai / ina sthAnoMmeM jainoMke bhI smAraka mile haiM / inameM se yahA~ kucha sthAnoMkA vivaraNa diyA jA rahA hai / AbU - bhAratavarSa kI zilpakalA vizvavikhyAta hai / yahA~ke kArIgara eka TA~kI aura hathaur3ese jo kAma kara gaye haiM, aisA kAma isa vaijJAnikayugameM bhI asaMbhava hai / yahA~ke pradhAna sthAnoMmeM se AbUke jainamandira eka haiM / saMkhyAmeM ye do hI haiM / mandiroMkI khudAIkA kAma bahutahI kalApUrNa rItise kiyA gayA hai / ye donoM mandira sapheda aura AsamAnI raMga ke pattharoMse bane hue haiM / inameM nihAyata umadA khudAI aura nakkAzIkA kAma kiyA gayA hai / mandiroMke sAmaneke maNDapoMmeM jo khudAI aura nakkAzIkA kAma kiyA gayA hai, vaha mahAna tathA avarNanIya hai / kalAvizAradoMkA mata hai ki pIlakhAne ke sAmane jo jAlI banI huI hai, aisI jAlI tAjamahala meM bhI nahIM pAI jAtI / sunA jAtA hai jisa ToMka para AdinAthakA mandira banA huA hai, sirpha use mandira yogya banAne meM chappana lAkha rupaye kharca huye the / isa mandirakA kAma 24 varSa meM samApta huA thA aura 28 karor3a rupaye kharca hue the / bhAratIya takSakalAke vizeSajJa phargusana sAhabane likhA hai ki "ina mandiroMkI khudAIse samAnatA rakhanevAlA bhAratavarSa meM sirpha tAjamahala hI hai / " jaisalamera kileke mandira bhI kalAkI dRSTise zreSTha haiM cittauragar3hakA jaina kIrtistaMbhabhI eka darzanIya vastu hai / khujarAho yahA~ke ghaMTAI jaina mandirakI kArIgarI sabase mahIna hai / sAtavIM aura AThavIM zatAbdiyoM meM bhAratakI sarvocca kArIgarIkA yaha mandira sAkSI hai / yahA~kA pArzvanAtha devAlaya bhI kalAkI dRSTise sarvottama hai / isake pAkhekI sobhA sarvathA darzanIya hai / isa devAlaya sambandhI pratyeka iMca jagaha para suyogya zilpiyoMne apane apUrva zilpacAturyakA anupama udAharaNa upasthita kiyA hai / trikoNAkArameM sthita isake konekI zobhA sarvathA dekhane yogya hai| ina mandiroMmeM kahIM bhI cunekA upayoga nahIM kiyA gayA hai| pArzvanAtha mandirakI sajAvaTa meM jo vaidika mUrtiyA~ banI hai ve vastutaH darzanIya haiM / devagar3ha - yaha sthAna lalitapura jilemeM hai / yahA~ke jaina mandira bhI darzanIya haiM / smitha mahAzayake kathanAnusAra guptakAlIna devAlayoMmeM ye sarvazreSTha haiM / yahA~kI dIvAloMmeM aMkita hastakalA bhAratIya zilpakalAke - 341 -
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________________ sarvottama udAharaNa haiN| yahA~ para 32 devAlaya aura lagabhaga 200 zilAlekha mile haiM / mUrtiyA~ hajAroMkI saMkhyAmeM maujUda haiN| yahA~kI sarasvatI, cakrezvarI, jvAlAmAlinI aura padmAvatIkI mUrtiyoMkA sauMdarya dekhane yogya hai / devagar3ha meM prApta sundara 24 yakSiyoMkI-sI mUrtiyA~ uttarabhAratameM aura kahIM nahIM milatI haiM / yahA~ para suSamA-suSamA kAlIna kalpavRkSa aura yugaliyoMke citra bhI mile haiM / prApta 200 zilAlekhoMmeM vikrama saMvat 919 kA lekha hI sarva prAcIna hai| anumAnataH isa kSetrakI sthiti ekahajAra varSa taka bahuta acchI rhii| devAlaya naM012 meM jJAnazilAke nAmase jo eka lekha prApta hai, sUnA hai, ki usameM aThAraha lipiyoMkA namUnA maujUda hai| gvAliyarake nikaTavartI canderI, jayapurake nikaTavartI sAMgAnera Adi sthAnoMke devAlaya bhI kalAkI dRSTise bahuta sundara haiM / mathurA (kaMkAlITIlA) yahA~kA jaina stUpa dUsarI zatIkA hai / mathurAkI kuSANakAlIna kalAoMmeM yaha jaina stUpa sarvazreSTha hai / ise devanirmita kahA gayA hai / "tIrthakalpa" meM isakA vizeSa varNana milatA hai| isameM likhA hai ki supArzvanAtha kI smRtimeM stUpako kuberane suvarNase banAyA hai| "tIrthakalpa" ke kathanAnusAra 8vIM zatI taka yaha stUpa maujUda thA / bauddha stUpoMse yaha prAcIna hai / 17vIM (satrahavIM) zatI taka mathurAmeM jainakalA vikAsa para thii| mathurAmeM AyagapaTa, toraNadvAra, vedikAstaMbha, dvArastaMbha Adi bahuta-sI cIjeM milatI haiN| inameM khAsakara AyagapaTa vizeSa ullekhanIya hai / AyagapaToMmeM aSTamaMgala, dikkanikAe~ Adi bahuta hI sundara DhaMgase citrita haiN| zaMgakAlase lekara guptakAla taka itanI vipula jaina sAmagrI anyatra upalabdha nahIM huI hai| isa sAmagrIse tatkAlIna janajIvana, Amoda-pramoda, veSabhUSaNa Adi sAmAjika bAtoMkA bhI jJAna hotA hai| kuSANakAlIna mUrtiyoMke nIce adhikatara brAhmI lipike lekha haiM aura inakI bhASA saMskRta tathA prAkRta mizra hai| yahA~kI mUrtiyoMmeM sarasvatI, AryavatI aura naigamezakI mUrtiyA~ vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| mathurAke vedikAstambhoMke Upara jo citra aMkita haiM, unameM tatkAlIna Anandamaya lokajIvanake sundara udAharaNa milate haiM / ina citroMmeM vividha AkarSaNa bhaMgimAoMmeM khar3I huI mahilAoMke citra hI adhika haiN| eka phUla tor3a rahI, dUsarI snAna kara rahI hai, tIsarI apanI gIlIkezarAziko sukhA rahI hai, cauthI apane kapolameM lodhracUrNa lagA rahI hai, pA~cavIM vRkSakI chAyAmeM baiThakara vINA bajA rahI hai, chaThI baMsurI bajA rahI hai, aura sAtavIM nRtya kara rahI hai / vastutaH ye vedikAstambha kalAtmaka zRMgAroMse mukta mAdhuryake jIvita udAharaNa haiM / prathama satIse pA~cavI satI takakA kAla mathurAkI mUrti kalAkA suvarNa yuga hI hai| prAkRtika sauMdarya sampanta parvata, nadI, jalapAta, kamala, azoka, kadamba, bakula, nAgakesara, campaka Adi latAvRkSa evaM saghana araNyoMmeM svacchanda vihAra karanevAle pazu pakSI-inake dvArA mathurAke zilpiyoMne prAkRtika upakaraNoMke sAtha amUlya mAnava sauMndaryako sAmaMjasya rUpase prapaMcita kiyA hai| sauMdaryakI anindita sAdhana rUpa nArIko citrita karanA prAcIna jainakalAkA eka vaiziSTya hai| dharma kI rakSA aura prasArameM pratyeka kAlameM mahilAoMne kriyAtmaka bhAga liyA hai| isa kArya meM mahilAe~ puruSoMse pIche nahIM thiiN| mathurAmeM mahilAoMke dvArA nirmApita cirasmaraNIya hajAroM kalAkRtiyA~ prApta haI haiM / lokadvayameM kalyANApekSaNIya ina mahilAoMmeM maNikAra, lohakAra Adi nimna jAtikI bhI maujUda thiiN| yahA~kA eka sundara AyagapaTa eka vezyAkI putrI lavaNazobhikAke dvArA banavAyA gayA thA / yahA~para nartakI Adi sabhI vargoMkI mahilAe~ dharmakAryameM bhAga letI rhiiN| acalA, kumAramitrA, gRhatrI, gRharakSitA, zivamitrA, zivayazA Adi yahA~para dAnadAtrI mahilAoMke saikar3oM nAma milate haiN| khAsakara AryikAe~ ina mahilAoMko preraNA karatI rahIM / gupta, cAlukya, rASTrakUTa aura pAMDya Adi aneka rAjavaMzoMne - 342 .
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________________ jainakalAko unnatimeM yogadAna diyA / ina vaMzoMke zAsakoMmeM siddharAja jayasiMha, kumArapAla, amoghavarSa, akAlavarSa aura mArasiMha Adi pramukha haiM / jinasena, guNabhadra Adi AcArya inake preraka rahe / gvAliyaragar3ha tomaravaMzI DuMgarendra devake rAjyakAlameM yahA~kI bahumUlya vizAla mUrtiyoMkA nirmANa sthAnIya samRddha bhaktoMke dvArA karAyA thA / mUrtiyoMkI caraNa-caukiyoMpara nirmAtAoMne apane nAmake sAtha-sAtha apane narezakA nAma bhI aMkita kiyA hai / mUrtiyA~ vikramIya 15-16vIM zatIMko haiM / DuMgarendradevake suputra kIrtisiMhake rAjyakAlameM yahA~ kI zeSa mUrtiyoMkA nirmANa huA / ina mUrtiyoMmeM aravAhI - samUha apanI vizAlatAse tathA dakSiNa pUrva samUha apanI alaMkRta kalAdvArA hamArA dhyAna AkarSita karatA hai / aba dakSiNakI ora caliye / dakSiNa meM zravaNabelagolla, halebIDu, kArkala aura veNUra Adi sthAnoMke jinAlaya drAviDa aura cAlukya kalAke anupama ratna haiM / halebIDuke devAlayake bAremeM smitha mahAzaya kA kahanA hai ki "ye devAlaya dharmazIla mAnavajAtike parizramake Azcaryajanaka sAkSI haiM / inakI kalA kuzalatAko dekhakara tRpta nahIM hote / " kalAvizArada ena0 sI0 mehatAkA kahanA hai ki "belUrakA bhArata vikhyAta viSNu mandira bhI mUlameM jainamandira hI thA / " " mUDabidrIkA candranAthabasadi kArakalakA caturmukha basadi aura veNUrakA zAntinAtha kalAkI dRSTise bahuta hI sundara haiM / inake atirikta vijayanagara, bhaTkala, gerUsoppe, hubuja, sthAnoM meM bhI aneka zilAmaya prAcIna jainadevAlaya maujUda haiM / guphalAmandira jaina guphA mandiroMmeM sabase prAcIna ur3IsAke bhuvanezvara ke pAsa khaMDagiri udayagirikI guphAe~ haiM / bAdAmI, mAMgI-tuMgI, ailorA AdikI jainaguphAe~ bAdakI haiM / kArIgarIke lihAja se jainamaMdira bahuta sundara haiM / inameM pattharakA bar3hiyA zilpa hai / belagA~va, dhAravADa, uttarakannaDa, hAsana aura ballArI jile meM bhI bahutasI jaina guphAe~ maujUda haiM / jainamUrtikalA isa kalAke sambandhameM isa kalAke vizeSajJa ena0sI0 mehatA AI0 sI0 esa0 ke zabdoMmeM hI suna leM "nandavaMzake rAjyakAlase lekara pandrahavIM zatI taka hamArI zilpakalAke namUne milate haiM / ve lalita kalAyeM apane sthApatya aura pratimAkalAke itihAsa meM vizeSa mahattvakI haiM / inameM bhI vizeSakara mUrtividhAna to hamArI sabhyatA, dharmabhAvanA aura vicAra paramparAkA mUrtisvarUpa hai / I0 sanke AdikI kuSANarAjyakAlakI jo jaina pratimAe~ milatI haiM; unameM aura saikar3oM varSoM bAda banI huI pratimAoMmeM bAhya dRSTise bahuta thor3A antara pratIta hotA hai / vastutaH jaina lalita kalAmeM koI parivartana nahIM hone pAyA / antaH mUrtividhAna meM anekatA nahIM Ane pAyI / mandiroM aura mUrtiyoMkA vistAra bahuta huA / para vistArake sAtha ekatA aura gambhIratAmeM antara nahIM par3A / pratimAke lAkSaNika aMga lagabhaga 2000 varSa taka eka hI rUpameM kAyama rahe / kevalakI khar3I yA AsIna mUrtiyoMmeM dIrghakAlake antara meM bhI vizeSa rUpabheda nahIM hone pAyA / jaina tIrthaMkaroMkI mUrti virakta, zAnti aura prasanna honI cAhiye / isameM manuSya hRdayakI asthAyI vAsanAoMke lie sthAna nahIM hotA / ye mUrtiyA~ Asana aura hastamudrAko chor3akara zeSa sabhI bAtoMmeM prAyaH bauddha mUrtiyoMse milatI julatI haiM / tIrthaMkaroMkI sArI pratimAoMke AvAsagRha sajAne aura zRMgAra karanemeM kevala jaina hI nahIM, balki jainAzrita kalAoMne bhI kucha uThA nahIM rakhA / madhyakAlIna yugameM jaba vAmamArgake kAraNa yA dUsare 343 - basadi ye saba varaMga Adi -
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________________ kAraNoMse brAhmaNa mandiroMmeM azlIla viSayako sthAna milA thA, taba bhI jaina devAlayoMmeM zuddha sAttvika aura pavitra bhAvanAmaya sundara mUrtikalAko sthAna milA thaa| saundaryakI dRSTise, mandiroMkI pradhAna mUrtiyA~ mahattvakI nahIM haiM / para mandiroMkI bAharI dIvAloMpara AvaraNa rUpameM racI huI jo anya devatAoMkI mUrtiyA~ hotI haiM, ve AkarSaka hotI haiM / tIrthaMkaroMko mUrtiyoMmeM eka prakArakI nirdvaditA aura bhavyatA prakaTa hotI hai| mUrtiyoMke pattharoMmeM yA mUrtiyoMmeM kisI prakArakA doSa nahIM honA cAhiye / gharako mUrti bAraha aMgulase bar3I na ho / mUttiyoMke upara tIna chata aura mUrtiyoMke donoM ora yakSa tathA yakSI honI cAhiye / / kalAkI dRSTise jaina mUrtiyoMmeM zravaNabelagolakI bAhubalIkI mUrti sabase ullekhanIya hai / ise banAkara zilpIne rasAtmAko santuSTa kiyA hai / isake liye vIra mArtaMDa cAmuMDarAya dhanyavAdake pAtra haiN| bAhubalIkI ullekhanIya do mUrtiyA~ aura haiM kAraklameM aura dUsarI veNUrameM / kalAkI dRSTise ye mUrtiyA~ bhI mahattvakI haiN| jaina mUrtiyoMmeM paTanAke lohanIpurameM prApta mUrtiyA~ sarvaprAcIna haiM / khajurAho yahA~para ghaMTAI jainamandira bhAratakI ucca kArIgarIkA sAkSI hai| isake khambhoMmeM para ghaMTA aura jaMjIra ukare hue haiM, isaliye yaha ghanTAI mandirake nAmase prasiddha hai| chatapara pradarzita bhagavAna jinendrakI bhakti gAtI haI bhaktipUrNa natya karatI haI aura vividha vAdana yantroMkI bajAtI haI bhaktamaMDaliyA~ vastutaH darzanIya hai| AdinAtha mandirake sabase upara vAle bhAgameM pradarzita vidyAdhara mUrtiyA~ bhI rocaka evaM AkarSaka haiN| yahA~kA pArzvanAtha mandira sabase vizAla aura sundara hai / garbhagRhakI bAharI dIvAloMpara banI deviyoMkI mUrtiyA~ mUrtikalAke utkRSTa namUne haiM / uttarI mAthepara banI huI mUrtiyoMmeM eka mAtA apane bacceko dulAra rahI hai, eka mahilA patra likha rahI hai, eka bAlaka eka mahilAke pairase kA~TA nikAla rahA hai| ye saba mUrtiyA~ vizeSa ullekhanIya hai /