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________________ jaina-siddhAnta kI triveNI : ahiMsA, anekAnta aura aparigraha | miTaTa kApI (DaoN. divyA bhaTTa) za kisIbhI dharma kA prasAra navya vicAroM, saMskAroM evaM jIvana vivekapUrNa vyavahAra dvArA vyaktigata evaM samaSTigata durbhAvanAoM ko kI suMsaMbaddhatA kA pratIka hai / I. pUrva 800 se I. pUrva 200 varSa dUrakara eka svastha jIvana praNAlI apanAne kI preraNA detI hai / isa taka kA kAla itihAsa kA yuga kahalAtA hai / yaha yuga vizva saMbaMdha meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA kathana ullekhanIya hai - itihAsa meM yugapuruSoM kI vaicArika krAMti se prabhAvita rahA / yUnAna sayaM tivayae pANe, advannehi ghaaye| meM paithAgorasa, sukarAta aura pleTo, IrAna meM jarathustra, cIna meM kanphyUsiyasa tathA bhArata meM upaniSadkAra, mahAvIra evaM buddha jaise haNataM vANujaNAi, veraM vaThThara appano / / vicAraka evaM adhyAtma kSetra meM krAMti lAnevAle yuga puruSa isI yuga 3 arthAt jo manuSya prANiyoM kI svayaM hiMsA karatA hai, dUsaroM se kI dena haiM / mahAvIra isI yuga ke pUrvArdha meM Ae evaM unhoMne vizva hiMsA karavAtA hai aura hiMsA karane vAloM kA anumodana karatA hai, ko ahiMsA, anekAMtavAda yA syAdvAda tathA aparigraha ke AdhAra vaha saMsAra meM apane lie vaira ko bar3hAtA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki para saMgaThita kara evaM samanvaya, sahaastitva tathA sauhArda kI bhAvanA vaidika yuga meM RSi-muni ahiMsA kI sthApanA nahIM kara pAe / ko jAgrata kara eka Adarza jIvana-praNAlI ko prastuta kiyaa| unhoMne svayaM to ahiMsA vrata kA pAlana kiyA kiMtu kSatriyoM ko yaha ahiMsA jaina dharma kA mUla tatva hai| ahiMsA mAtra bAya adhikAra diyA ki ve hiMsA kara sakate haiM, isIlie jaba RSi-muni AMgika prakriyA dvArA saMpanna vyApAra kA niSedha nahIM hai varan ahiMsA yajJa karate taba kSatriya yajJa kI rakSA ke lie sannaddha rahate / kSatriyoM kA kSetra hamArI AMtarika pravRttiyoM se bhI saMbaddha hai / isake aMtargata ne jaba apane adhikAroM kA durupayoga karanA zuru kiyA to krodha, ahaMkAra, vAsanA Adi una samasta vyApAroM kA ullekha hai parazurAma ne pRthvI ko kSatriya vihIna karane kI pratijJA lI kiMtu jinake dvArA prANI-mAtra ke hadaya ko Thesa paha~catI hai| bhagavAna ikkIsa bAra pRthvI ko kSatriya-vihIna karane ke pazcAta bhI ve hiMsA mahAvIra ne ahiMsA kA pratipAdana kara vizva meM zAMti tathA ekyavRtti ko roka na sake / vAstava meM unhoMne ahisA kI sthApanA kI sthApanA karane kA prayAsa kiyA / mAnavIya svabhAva ke vibhinna hiMsA dvArA karane kA prayAsa kiyA thA aura yahIM ve asaphala rahe / pahalaoM ko manovaijJAnika rUpa se citrita kara unhoMne ahiMsA ke bhagavAna mahAvIra ne ahiMsA ke bAhaya evaM AMtarika rUpa kI carcA siddhAnta ko rakhA hai / Aveza meM, krodha meM athavA anya mAnasika kara, usake sUkSmAtisUkSma rUpa kA vizleSaNa kara ahiMsA kI asaMtulana kI sthiti meM manuSya ucitAnUcita nahIM dekha pAtA aura sthApanA ahiMsA dvArA hI saMbhava hai yaha siddha kiyA / isa prakAra se usa avasthA meM vaha zArIrika yA mAnasika rUpa se kisI anya prasthApita ahiMsA manuSya ke hRdaya ko parivartita kara use jIvana meM prANI ko kSati pahu~cAkara hiMsA kA bhAgI banatA hai / isa prakAra naI dizA pradAna kara eka navya Atmazakti se use sphUrta karatI hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne jIvana meM saMtulita vicAra paddhati ko apanAne anekAMtavAda yA syAdvAda jaina dharma kA eka vyApaka siddhAnta kI salAha dI hai / bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita ahiMsA kA hai| saMprati isakI vyApakatA ke saMbaMdha meM AcAryoM ne bhI kahA hai kSetra atyaMta vyApaka hai usameM itanI zakti hai ki vaha vizva ko bhI kisaMgaThita kara sakatI hai kiMtu Aja unakI ahiMsA ke bAhaya rUpa ko AdIpamAvyomasamasvabhAvaM syAdvAdamudrAnatibhedi vastu / hI AcaraNa kA viSaya banAkara jaina dharmAvalambI usI meM ulajha kara raha gae haiM / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA bhI hai ki - "zastra talavAra arthAt dIpa se lekara vyoma taka vastumAtra syAdvAda kI mudrA hI nahIM hai, manuSya bhI zastra hai aura sahI artha meM manuSya hI zastra hai meM aMkita hai / anekAMtavAda yA syAdvAda vastu ke vAstavika rUpa aura vaha hara prANI zastra hai, jo dUsare ke astitva para prahAra karatA ke dyotana hetu aneka dRSTikoNa kI saMkalpanA svIkAra karatA hai| anekAMtavAda una samasta apekSAoM ko samanvita kara calatA hai jo eka vastu ko mUrta rUpa meM pratipAdita karatI haiM / zuka picchi ke sasA sthUla rUpa se dekhane para ahiMsA kI apekSA hiMsA kA palar3A lie bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA hai - bhArI dIkha par3atA hai / vAstava meM jozIlI yuvA-zakti ahiMsA ko, "vyavahAra naya kI apekSA se yaha usakI zakti ko samajha hI nahIM pAtI hai / jabaki vAstavikatA rukSa aura nIla hai para nizcaya naya yaha hai ki ahiMsA kI zakti ke samakSa hiMsA eka paga bhI nahIM cala kI apekSA se pA~ca varNa, do gaMdha, pAtI / vAstava meM ahiMsA kaThora saMyama cAhatI hai / ahiMsA ke pA~ca rasa va ATha sparza vAle haiN|" antargata ve sabhI sUkSma vyAvahArika bAteM A jAtI haiM jo zastra isa prakAra anekAMtavAda ke anusAra dvArA, vANI dvArA athavA vyavahAra dvArA prANI mAtra ko duHkha vastu anaMta dharmA hai arthAt vastu ke pahu~cAne kA kAraNa banatI haiM / yahI kAraNa hai ki zarIra dvArA indriyagrAhya svarUpa evaM vAstavika ahiMsA kA pAlana, vANI dvArA ahiMsA ke pAlana kI tulanA meM svarUpa kI saMkalpanA meM aMtara hotA sarala hai / ahiMsA prANI mAtra ke prati AtmabhAva rakhane evaM vicAra apAdita Apako bhI hai|" zrImad jayantasena sUri abhinandana graMtha / vizleSaNa (101) samaya samaya karate bhalA, bIta gayA bahu kAla / jayantasena sukArya kara, durgati dUra nikAla / / Jain Education Interational
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________________ kyA hai to AdhI kaunasI haiM aura madhyamA tara hai / anekAMtavAda ke anusAra eka hI vastu meM utpatti vinAza evaM prati eka anUThI pravRtti hai / vastuoM ke saMgraha kI vRtti evaM dhruvatA jaise paraspara virodhI dharma vidyamAna raha sakate haiM / isa prakAra adhikAroM ke saMgraha kI vRtti hI jaba apanA atirUpa lekara prakaTa yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki vastu tatva ke nirUpaNa meM yA nirNaya meM / hotI hai taba vivAda evaM paraspara vaimanasya kI bhAvanA balavatI hotI jo vAda apekSA kI pradhAnatA para bala detA hai vaha syAdvAda yA hai aura hamArI vaiyaktika, sAmAjika evaM rASTrIya vyavasthA ko anekAMtavAda hai| parigraha kI yaha pravRtti avyavasthita kara detI hai| Aja cIna isI vAstava meM syAdvAda yA anekAMtavAda nayoM kI bahumukhI hai, parigraha pravRtti kI capeTa meM A gayA hai | aparigraha kA kSetra bhI jo mukhya rUpa se nizcaya naya evaM vyavahAra naya ke AdhAra para vastu mAtra bhautika stara para yathAzakya saMpatti ke alpIkaraNa evaM ke tAtvika evaM lokavyavahAra meM pracalita artha ko pratipAdita karatA parityAga para hI AdhArita na hokara vaiyaktika, pArivArika evaM hai| anekAMtavAda ko AcAryoM ne sarala rUpa meM isa prakAra samajhAyA sAmAjika stara ke parisImita dAyare meM vastu evaM vyakti vizeSa ke prati "mamatva-visarjana" ke rUpa meM bhI hamAre sAmane eka Adarza sthiti prastuta karatA hai / isa prakAra sahaja rUpa se saMpatti kA "yathA anAmikAyAH kaniSThA dIrghatvaM, visarjana, mamatva kA visarjana aparigraha kI dena hai / aparigraha bhAva madhyamAmadhikRtya isvatvam / ma paraspara bhautika evaM bhAvanAtmaka stara para samAnatA tathA samanvayAtmakatA - prajJAsUtravRtti prasthApita karatA hai| isakA spaSTIkaraNa isa prakAra hai- jaba AcAryoM se pUchA gayA ki samajaina dharma ke ye tInoM siddhAnta "ahiMsA", "aparigraha" evaM ApakA anekAMtavAda kyA hai to AcAryoM ne kaniSThA va anAmikA "anekAMtavAda" Aja pratyeka rASTra ke lie anukaraNIya hai / sAmane karate hue pUchA - donoM meM bar3I kaunasI hai ? pratyuttara thA - "ahiMsA" jahA~ zAMti evaM Atmika teja pradAna kara jIvana ko anAmikA bar3I hai / kaniSThA ko sameTakara aura madhyamA ko nayA mor3a detI hai vahIM "aparigraha" pUrNa samAnatA evaM sahayoga kI phailAkara pUchA - 'donoM aMguliyoM meM choTI kauna-sI hai ? uttara bhAvanA ke sAtha jIvana-patha para agrasara hone kI preraNA detA hai tathA milA - anAmikA / AcAryoM ne kahA - 'yahI hamArA syAvAda yA anekAMtavAda yA syAdvAda mAnava ke pArasparika samasta vAda-vivAdoM anekAMtavAda hai jo tuma eka hI aMgulI ko bar3I bhI kahate ho aura kA eka sahI hala pradAna kara kisI vastu ko, kisI dharma ko, kisI choTI bhI / uparyukta udAharaNa se anekAMtavAda sahajagamya hai| kathya ko dekhane-sunane evaM usake nirUpaNa hetu eka navIna dRSTikoNa pradAna karatA hai | saMprati Aja kI paristhiti meM yaha Avazyaka hai 1 jaina AgamoM meM anekAMtavAda ke bIja utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvya, ki jaina dharma apane siddhAMtoM ko sahI rUpa se pratipAdita kare / syAdasti, dravya, guNa, paryAya, saptanaya Adi vividha rUpoM meM bikhare ahiMsA ko sirpha "kicana pAliTiksa" (khAdyAkhAdya) takahI sImita par3e haiM / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apane anekAMtavAda ke antargata inheM na rakha vizva stara para 'manasA, vAcA, karmaNA' ke rUpa meM samanvita evaM suspaSTa rUpa meM rakhakara ise isa rUpa meM pratipAdita kriyAnvita kare sAtha hI anekAMtavAda evaM aparigraha ke dvArA eka kiyA hai ki hama vyAvahArika-jIvana meM aneka vivAdoM se bacakara nayA dRSTikoNa evaM eka navIna vyavasthA kI sthApanA kA prayAsa kara eka Urdhva-patha kI ora gamana kareM / bhAratIya darzana ko vivAdoM ke jaina dharma ke vAstavika rUpa kI sakriya sthApanA kare / Asana para baiThakara kAphI kSati pahu~cI hai / jaina dharma ne apane anekAMtavAda dvArA samanvaya kI bhAvanA ko sudRr3hatA pradAna kara eka yA ahiMsA, anekAMta aura aparigraha daraasala eka siddhAnta ke vaicArika saMtulana kI sthApanA kI hai| tIna pahalU haiM - ahiMsA kA AcAra, anekAMta kA vicAra aura aparigraha kA vyavahAra manuSya ke jIvana ko cetanA ke UrdhvamukhI aparigraha jaina dharma kI sAmAjika samAnatA kI bhAvanA ke sopAnoM para sthApita karatA hai | sAdhaka kI yaha jIvanI zakti hai jo sAmAnya vyakti ke lie jIvana zailI (way of life) hai / mahAvIra jina tatvoM kI carcA karate haiM unheM unhoMne apanI jIvana sAdhanA kI kasauTIpara kasakara dekhA hai isalie kAla kI dhUla aura lekhikA : bhASAvijJAna tathA rAkha una siddhAnta vacanoM kI Aga ko Dhaka nahIM sakatI / samaya ke zailIvijJAna meM vizeSa adhyayana / parivartana aura pratyAvartana ke sAtha usake nita nae artha udghATita samprati : vyAkhyAtA hote rahate haiN| roja (hindI), vidyAlaya, zahAdA (dhuliyA), mahArASTrAta DaoN. divyA esa. bhaTTa ema.e., pI.eca.DI. zrImad jayantasenasUri abhinandana graMtha / vizleSaNa (102) samaya gayA AtA nahIM, samajha manuja nAdAna / jayantasena saceSTa ho, kara jIvana utthAna /