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________________ Jain Education sAdhvI zrI umarAva kuMvarajI jena saMskRti meM samAjavAda 'saMskRta' zabda se vyutpanna, 'sam' upasargapUrvaka 'kR' dhAtu se nirmita zabda 'saMskRti' kA artha hai - 'saMskAra - pariSkAra' ataH saMskAroM kA samuccaya hI 'saMskRti' hai. 'saMskRti' isa choTe se zabda ke artha-kalevara meM kisI jAti athavA rASTra vizeSa kI samasta AdhyAtmika Adhibhautika siddhiyAM evaM tadjanya AsthA vizvAsa, sAdhanA-bhAvanA, ArAdhanA-kAmanA samA hita haiM. prakRtivijaya ke nimitta uThe mAnava jAti ke jaya-ketu ke madhya meM aMkita rahane vAlA zabda 'saMskRti' hI hai, jo kisI rASTra kI mUla vetanA, dharma-darzana, tatvacitana evaM laukika pAralaukika eSaNAoM ko apanI nijI vizeSatAoMmAnyatAoM ke sAtha udghoSita karatA hai jisase usakI apanI svataMtra sattA sthira hotI hai. calate loga sabhyatA aura saMskRti meM vizeSa antara nahIM karate kiMtu donoM meM bar3A antara hai- ThIka vaisA hI jaisA ki 'ikAI' aura 'samagratA' meM. yadi sabhyatA saMcita jala rAzi hai to saMskRti usa para taraMgAyita vIci - vilAsa kI preraka zakti. 'locana maga rAmahiM ura AnI, dInheM palaka kapATa sayAnI.' isa siddha kavi tulasI kI isa amRta vANI meM mAtA, hai sItA va rAma kI jisa puNya chavi ko mana-mandira meM pratiSThita kara palaka kapATa mUMda letI hai vaha 'saMskRti' evaM 'sabhyatA' hai. rAma kA vaha daihika rUpa jo usakI muMdI palakoM ke sammukha zeSa raha jAtA hai. vastutaH 'sabhyatA' madhu makkhI kA chatA hai to saMskRti usameM nihita madhu sabhyatA vRntAdhArita kaMTakamaya sadala puSpa hai to saMskRti kevala saurabhasuvAsa sabhyatA - zarIra hai, saMskRti AtmA sabhyatA jIne kA tarIkA-salIkA, AcAra-vyavahAra hai to saMskRti rUhAniyata - jihAniyata - 'zAzvata' citana-saccidAnanda samarpita zraddhAMjali susaMskRta vyakti nizcita hI susabhya hogA kiMtu yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki sabhya vyakti susaMskRta hogA hI. 'saba prANI sukha cAhate haiM, dukha se bacanA cAhate haiM, jIne kI abhilASA rakhate haiM, koI kitanA hI duHkhI evaM santapta kyoM na ho, maranA nahIM cAhatA. mRtyu se hara prANI DaratA hai, duHkhI hotA hai. ataH kisI bhI prANI ko duHkha nahIM denA cAhie, kaSTa nahIM denA cAhie, santApa nahIM denA cAhie, kisI bhI prANI ko gulAma nahIM banAnA cAhie aura na kisI prANI kA vadha karanA cAhie. 'jaina- saMskRti apane sukha ke sAtha dUsare kI sukha-zAnti evaM hita ke adhikAra ko surakSita rakhane kI bAta kahatI hai. usa kA yaha vajraghoSa rahA hai 'sukha se raho aura sukha se rahane do.' vastutaH jaina saMskRti apane sukha ko apane hita ko, apane svArtha ko aura apanI AkAMkSAoM ko vistRta banAne kI, use vizva-sukha, vizva zAnti evaM vizva hita meM pariNata karane kI saMskRti hai. yadi sahI artha meM dekhA jAe to jaina saMskRti, vizva saMskRti yA mAnava saMskRti kA hI dUsarA nAma hai. kyoMki, isameM pratyeka mAnava kA hita evaM vikAsa nihita hai. vizva meM Aja samAjavAda, sAmyavAda aura sarvodayavAda kI vizeSa carcA hai. kyoMki sAmantazAhI evaM pU~jIvAdI utpIr3ana Rhate & Personpo wainelibrary.org
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________________ 152 muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya evaM zoSaNa ko samApta karane ke liye ina kA udaya huA hai. ye saba vAda vyakti ke hita kI apekSA samAja evaM rASTra ke hita ko pramukhatA dete haiM. amIra-garIba, choTe-bar3e, UMca-nIca, svAmI-sevaka Adi ke bhedoM ko tathA deza meM calane vAle zoSaNa ko samUlata: naSTa karanA cAhate haiM. ina kA mUla dRSTikoNa yahI hai ki deza ke saba vyaktiyoM ko jIvana-vikAsa ke liye samAna sAdhana mileM, saba ko sukha-zAnti se rahane kA avasara mile, khAne ke liye paryApta bhojana aura pahanane ke liye vastra mileM. deza meM na koI bhUkhA-naMgA rahe, na koI abhAvagrasta ho. kisI prakAra kI utpIr3A na ho, pIDAkArI na ho. koi pIr3ita na ho. deza meM aisI sthiti na rahe ki eka ora dhana ke ambAra lage hoM, sampatti ke pahAr3a khar3e hoM aura dUsarI ora abhAvoM kA naMgA nAca ho. eka varga kA hita aura sukha dUsare varga kA virodhI na ho. vargasaMgharSa kA AdhAra dhvasta ho jAya aura mAnavajAti pArasparika sahayoga se pragati kI ora prayANa kare. jaina-saMskRti ke liye yaha svara nayA nahIM hai. yadi hama sudUra itihAsa kI saraNiyAM na bhI doharAyeM to bhI jaina-saMskRti kA paccIsa sau varSa kA itihAsa hamAre sAmane hai. usa kA avalokana karane se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jaina-saMskRti mAnava-mAnava ke bIca bheda kI dIvAra ko kataI nahIM mAnatI. vaha pratyeka mAnava ko, bhale hI vaha kisI deza, raMga, liMga, prAnta, varga, va jAti kA kyoM na ho, mAnavatA ke nAte, samAna mAnatI hai.' vaha jAtipUjA meM nahIM, guNapUjA meM vizvAsa karatI hai aura guNoM ke AdhAra para hI uccatva-nIcatva ko svIkAra karatI hai !2 usake anusAra saba ko samAna prAtma-vikAsa karane kA adhikAra hai ataH kisI vyakti kA apamAna-tiraskAra karanA, use vikAsa karane kA avasara nahIM denA, usakA hI nahIM, balki apanA evaM samasta mAnava-jAti kA tathA paramAtmA kA apamAna karanA hai. jaina-saMskRti niHzreyas kI preraka hai. usakI paridhi mAnava taka hI nahIM, prANI mAtra taka vistRta hai. vaha prANI-mAtra kA udaya-hita aura kalyANa cAhatI hai. usakI dRSTi meM vizva ke, sabhI prANI samAna haiM. ataH pratyeka manuSya kA kartavya hai ki unheM svataMtratA-pUrvaka jIne de, svatantratA se apanA vikAsa karane de. jaina-saMskRti aura sAmyavAda :- sAmyavAda ke siddhAMta jaina-saMskRti se bahuta kucha milate hue haiM. sAmyavAda samAja meM cala rahe zoSaNa, utpIr3ana evaM varga bheda ko samApta karake rASTra ke saba vyaktiyoM kA vikAsa karanA cAhatA hai. vaha manuSya-manuSya ke bIca jAtIya bheda kI dIvAra svIkAra nahIM karatA. Arthika vaiSamya ko sahana nahIM karatA. jaina-saMskRti bhI isa mantavya ko svIkAra karatI hai. phira bhI jaina-saMskRti aura sAmyavAda meM maulika saiddhAntika evaM kArya paddhati saMbandhI antara hai. sAmyavAda bhautikavAda para AdhArita hai. vaha AtmA arthAt vyakti kI sarvathA upekSA karatA hai, ekAntata: samAja kI sattA svIkAra karatA hai. vaha zastra kI tAkata ko hI sarvopari mAnatA hai ataH talavAra kI dhAra se yA bama kI viSAkta mAra se samAnatA lAnA cAhatA hai. vaha vargabheda ko samApta karane ke liye pAzavika bala kA prayoga karane ke pakSa meM hai. parantu jaina-saMskRti isa kA samarthana nahIM karatI. usakA mUla AdhAra bhautikavAda nahIM, adhyAtmavAda hai. vaha vyakti aura samAja ke adhikAroM meM sAmaMjasya sthApita karatI hai, Atmika zakti ko sarvopari mAnatI hai. ataH vaha svecchAtyAga kI udAtta bhAvanA ke dvArA vibheda kI dIvAroM ko girAnA cAhatI hai, vaha ahiMsA, prema, sneha, kSamA, sahiSNutA, tapa aura tyAga dvArA mAnava jIvana meM sAmya kI sarasa, zItala evaM madhura saritA bahAnA cAhatI hai. isa prakAra jaina-saMskRti hiMsA meM nahIM, prema meM vizvAsa rakhatI hai. pazubala meM nahIM, Atmabala meM vizvAsa rakhatI hai. aura prema-sneha evaM tyAga ke dvArA sthApita kI gaI samAnatA ko sthAyI mAnatI hai. jaina-saMskRti aura sarvodaya :-Adhunika yuga meM sarvaprathama gAMdhIjI dvArA prayukta sarvodaya zabda bhAratavarSa ke liye nUtana nahIM, 1. manuSyajAtirekaiva jAtikarmodayodbhavA-AcArya jinasena. 2. sakkhaM khu dosai tavoviseso, na dIsai jAivisesa koi.---uttarAdhyayana. Jain bucation Internationa) Line Liainelibrary.org
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________________ sAdhvI umarAva kuMvara : jaina-saMskRti meM samAjavAda: 553 cirapurAtana hai. jaina paramparA ke yugapravartaka pratibhAzAlI AcArya samantabhadra ne aba se lagabhaga pandraha sau zatAbdI pUrva isa zabda kA prayoga kiyA thA : 'sarvopadAmantakaraM durantaM sarvodaya tIrthamidaM tvadIyam'. yahAM AcArya ne jina-tIrtha ko 'sarvodayatIrtha' kaha kara use hI samasta vipattiyoM kA anta karane vAlA batalAyA hai. kintu Adhunika yuga meM sarvaprathama gAMdhIjI ne isa zabda kA prayoga kiyA. unhoMne pAzcAtya vicAraka raskina kI 'ena TU disa lAsTa' pustaka kA 'sarvodaya' nAma se anuvAda kiyA.. sarvodaya zabda 'sarva' aura 'udaya' do zabdoM ke saMyoga se banA hai. isakA artha hotA hai-saba kA udaya. AcArya samantabhadra ne aura gAMdhIjI ne bhI isI artha meM isa kA prayoga kiyA thA aura isakA AdhAra ahiMsA, prema, tyAga evaM sahiSNutA ko mAnA thA. Aja to sarvodayasamAja kA bhI nirmANa ho gayA hai. usakA kahanA hai ki vizva do vargoM meM vibhakta hai-ucca varga aura nimna varga, yA amIra aura garIba. Aja sukha-sAdhanoM evaM sampatti ke sabhI srotoM para prathama varga kA adhikAra hai. isa se. usa ke jIvana meM ahaMkAra, nirdayatA, zoSaNa evaM vilAsitA Adi manovikAroM kI bAr3ha-sI A gaI hai. vikAroM ke Dhera ke nIce usa kI AtmA daba gaI hai aura usa kI mAnavatA ko amAnavIya evaM rAkSasI manovRttiyoM ne AvRta kara diyA hai. ataH vaha patana kI ora phisalatA jA rahA hai aura dvitIya varga kI dayanIya dazA to saba ke sAmane spaSTa hI hai. isa vaiSamya kI sthiti meM saccI zAnti kI saMsthApanA saMbhava nahIM hai. isalie sarvodaya samAja cAhatA hai ki dhanika varga kA bhI udaya ho aura nirdhana varga kA bhI. dhana vaibhava ke gurutara bojha ke nIce dabI huI pUMjIpati kI antarAtmA meM mAnavIya bhAvanA kA udaya ho, vaha vikAroM se Upara uTha kara dUsare varga ke hita ko bhI soce-samajhe aura mAnavajAti ke hita ko akhaMDa mAnakara usa ke liye kArya kare. pratyeka mAnava viveka pUrvaka kArya kare, jisa se saba kA hita ho, kisI ke svArtha ko AghAta na lage. koI kisI kA aniSTa karane kI bhAvanA na rakhe aura na aisA kadama uThAe jisase dUsare vyakti ke sukha meM bAdhA utpanna ho. kadAcit saMgharSa kI sthiti AjAya to use hiMsAtmaka rUpa na dekara prema-sneha evaM maMtrI bhAvanA ko kAyama rakhate hue dUra kiyA jAe. jaina-saMskRti bhI isa vicAra ko svIkAra karatI hai. donoM kI vicAradhArA meM bahuta-kucha samAnatA hone para bhI kucha mahattvapUrNa antara hai. pAzcAtya vicAraka mAnate haiM : The greatest good for greatest number. isake anusAra adhika logoM kA adhikatama lAbha hI unakA Adarza hai. sarvodaya vicAradhArA isase eka Daga Age bar3hatI hai aura mAnatI hai ki mAnava mAtra kA udaya ho, mAnava mAtra kA hita ho, mAnava mAtra kA unnayana ho, mAnava mAtra ko samAna sukha-sAdhana upalabdha hoM aura saba ko samAna rUpa se vikasita hone kA avasara mile. parantu jaina-saMskRti kA siddhAnta isase bhI aneka kadama Age hai. jaina vicAraka kevala mAnava kA hI nahIM, pratyuta prANImAtra kA udaya cAhate haiM. jaina-saMskRti kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki vizva kA pratyeka prANI svatantra hai aura sukha kI abhilASA rakhatA hai. ataH kisI bhI prANI ke sukha meM, vikAsa meM bAdhA upasthita na kI jAe. jaina-saMskRti kI dRSTi meM manuSya hI saba kucha nahIM hai. usake atirikta anya asaMkhya prakAra ke jo prANI vizva meM haiM, ve bhI hamAre hI bRhat parivAra ke sadasya haiM. unakI upekSA nahIM kI jA sakatI. unake adhikAroM ko bhI svIkAra kiyA jAnA cAhie. isake vinA sampUrNa nyAya evaM bandhutA kI pratiSThA saMbhava nahIM hai. jaba taka manuSya, manuSyetara prANiyoM ke prati bandhubhAva sthApita nahIM karegA aura unakA utpIr3ana karatA rahegA taba taka manuSya-manuSya ke bIca bhI utpIr3ana cAlU rahegA. vastutaH bhagavAn mahAvIra kA zAsana 'sarvodaya-zAsana' hai. una ke zAsana meM kisI eka ke udaya kA nahIM, pratyuta saba ke abhyudaya kA, saba ke niHzreyas kA pUrA khayAla rakhA gayA hai. usameM nArI-puruSa, amIra-garIba, bAlaka-vRddha, kIr3I-kuMjara Adi kisI ke bhI prati pakSapAta nahIM hai. AtmavikAsa kI dRSTi se duniyA kI samasta AtmAeM eka samAna Jain ducido Nw.ary.org VV/
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________________ 554 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya haiM aura saba apane Apa meM svatantra evaM ananta zakti se sampanna haiM. ata: saba ke samAna adhikAra haiM aura saba ko pragati karane kA avasara milanA cAhie. jaina-saMskRti meM yuga-yugAntara se sarvodaya kA mahattva rahA hai. sampatti evaM sukhasAdhanoM ke vitaraNa ke liye bhI jaina vicArakoM ne saMgraha buddhi kI bhAvanA ko pApa kahA hai. bhagavAn mahAvIra kA yaha vajraghoSa rahA hai-'asaMvibhAgI na hu tassa mokkho' jo vyakti apane sAdhanoM kA saMvibhAga nahIM karatA, vaha mukti kA adhikArI nahIM ho sakatA. isa kA spaSTa artha yaha hai ki jo apane sukha evaM hita ke sAtha prANI-mAtra ke hita aura sukha kA khayAla rakhatA hai aura unheM Age bar3hane meM sahayoga detA hai, vahI mukti pA sakatA hai. yatra-tatra-sarvatra se sameTa-sameTa kara apane bhaMDAra bharane vAlA tathA samasta sukha-sAdhanoM para apanA ekAdhipatya rakhane kA icchuka mukti nahIM pA sakatA. mukti lene meM nahIM, dene meM hai. jo apane sukha ko prANI-mAtra ke sukha meM pariNata kara detA hai aura apane 'aham' ko sAre vizva meM phailA detA hai, vahI pUrNa sukha pA sakatA hai aura usI ko zAzvata evaM akhaNDa zAnti kA lAbha hotA hai. Jain Education Intemational