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________________ jaina - sAdhanA kA rahasya jamanAlAla jaina, sAdhanA vaha vaicArika prakriyA tathA sAmAjika AcaraNa athavA dhArmika anuzAsana hai jisake abhyAsa dvArA hama apane vyaktitva ko sArthaka karanA cAhate haiN| vyaktitva kI sArthakatA kA sarvaprathama evaM mUlabhUta AdhAra hamArA zarIra hai| hama zAstroM kA mata matAMtaroM kA paramparAoM kA, AdhyAtmika jAgRti kA abhyAsa evaM prayAsa kareM yA na kareM, hameM jo zarIra prApta hai usako TikAe rakhane, use sakSama banAne evaM usase kAma lene ke lie yaha nitAMta Avazyaka hai ki use sAdhA jAya / jAne-anajAne hamArA zarIra janma ke kSaNa se hI sakriya rahatA hai| pravRtti isameM sahAyaka hotI hai| mAtA-pitA kA yA parivAra kA vAtAvaraNa sahAyaka hotA hai| zarIra - vikAsa ke sAtha-sAtha jyoM-jyoM mAnasika vikAsa hotA hai, bauddhika kSamatA bar3hatI hai, tyoM-tyoM hamArI prakriyAe~ evaM pravRttiyA~ bhI nae-nae rUpa grahaNa karatI haiN| aura yaha krama eka-do varSa taka yA dasa-bIsa varSa taka hI nahIM calatA, balki mRtyu ke kSaNa taka calatA rahatA hai| yaha eka prakAra kI sAdhanA hI hai| jIvana nirantara gatizIla hai aura hamArI AvazyakatAe~ isa gatizIlatA ke AdhAra para ghaTatI-bar3hatI rahatI haiN| prArambha meM yAnI bAlyakAla meM hameM isa jIvana kI gatizIlatA kA jJAna nahIM rahatA, isalie AvazyakatAe~ bhI sImita hotI haiN| jaise-jaise manuSya apanI gatizIlatA athavA vyaktitva ko samajhane lagatA hai vaise-vaise usakI AvazyakatAe~ bhI vyApaka evaM vIrATa rUpa letI jAtI haiN| khAne-pIne, nahAne dhone, uThane-baiThane, calane-phirane, sone-jAgane, pahanane or3hane jaisI sAmAnya pratIta hone vAlI bAtoM meM bhI manuSya Age calakara kAphI sAvadhAna evaM jAgarUka hone lagatA hai aura isa bAtoM kI bhI AcAra saMhitA usake mAnasa para chA jAtI haiN| paramparA, saMskAra, sAmAjika vyavahAra, nAgarika ziSTAcAra evaM kAnUna ke sandarbha meM vikAsamAn manuSya apane jIvana kA, usakI gatizIlatA kA mUlyAMkana karatA hai evaM use sArthaka siddha karane ke lie apanI sahaja kriyAoM ko vaidhAnika jAmA pahanA detA hai| pazu-pakSiyoM kI inhI sahaja pravRttiyoM ko hama sAdhanA nahIM kahate, kyoMki unakI isa sahaja pravRttiyoM yA kArya-kalApoM me kabhI koI vikAsa nahIM huaa| sarakasa meM kAma karane vAle yA viziSTa saMsthAnoM meM prayojanavaza prazikSita pazuoM ke vyavahAra- vizeSa ko sAdhanA avazya kaha sakate haiM / kintu isakI bhI eka maryAdA hai| manuSya kI aisI koI maryAdA nahIM hai, sImA nahIM hai| manuSya eka aisA prANI hai jo apanI pratyeka pravRtti, pratyeka karma evaM pratyeka bhAvanA ke sAtha vikAsazIla rahA hai aura isI prakAra vaha jJAna-vijJAna kA atulya, akUta koSa apane meM samAhita karatA gayA hai| saMsAra ke aneka dharmone mAnavIya kSamatA ke vikAsa ko dhyAna meM rakhakara apane-apane samaya meM vyaktitva kI sArthakatA ke kaI AyAma udghATita kiye| khAna-pAna tathA calane-phirane se lekara Atmasiddhi yA paramAtma-prApti taka, samagra jIvana ko sameTane vAlI hajAroM-hajAra kriyAoM para dharma-pravartakoM ne yA anubhavI mahApuruSoM ne apane vicAra prakaTa kiye hai| choTI se choTI kriyA ko bhI unhoMne sAdhanA kA svarUpa diyaa| pratyeka kriyA ko dharmamaya kahakara unhoMne kriyA kI prANa-pratiSThA kI / isase kriyAoM kI garimA bar3hI, unake prati sajagatA bar3hI aura pArasparika vyavahAra meM cetanatA kA praveza huaa| jaise kalAkAra pASANa ke kaNa-kaNa meM virATa saundarya kI anubhUti karate hue jo apane aMta:karaNa se yaha mAnatA hai ki mujhase pApa huA hai, vaha pavitra aura nirmala hai| ve sarvadA vaMdanA ke pAtra hai| For Private Personal Use Only 241
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________________ mUrti kA nirmANa karake apanI sampUrNa cetanA-UrjA usameM ur3ela detA hai aura vaha mUrti hamAre samakSa jIvanta ho uThatI hai, vaise hI manuSya jIvana kI sahaja mAnI jAne vAlI kriyAoM athavA pravRttiyoM meM sampUrNa vizva kI Atma-bhAvanA kA unmeSa karane kA mahAna prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| yaha sAdhAraNa ghaTanA nahIM hai jabaki arjuna zrIkRSNa se yA gaNadhara gautama mahAvIra se sAdhAraNasI pratIta hone vAlI uThane-baiThane, calane-phirane, khAne-pIne Adi kriyAoM ke viSayoM meM mArgadarzana cAhate haiN| vastuta: dekhA jAya to sampUrNa mAnava-jIvana hI sAdhanAmaya hai| jIvana apane meM sAdhanA hI hai| jaise pratyeka vyakti kA jIvana advitIya hotA hai, atulya hotA hai, vaise hI sAdhanA bhI anantarUpiNI hai| sAmAnyata: samAna pratIta hone vAlI eka choTI-sI dainika kriyA bhI pratyeka vyakti kI bhinna hotI hai aura eka vyakti kI bhI vaha dainika kriyA pratidina eka-sI nahIM raha pAtI hai| aisA na ho to manuSya jar3a ho jAyegA, usake jJAna kA srota sUkha jAyegA, usakA AtmadIpaka bujha jaayegaa| phira bhI sAdhanA ko bhautika, naitika evaM AdhyAtmika ina tIna vargoM meM vibhAjita kara sakate haiN| inheM hama vyaktiparaka, samaSTiparaka evaM Atmaparaka bhI kaha sakate haiN| bhautika sAdhanA meM ve saba cIjeM lI jA sakatI haiM jo zarIra saMracanA se lekara jIvana-saMrakSaNa taka AtI haiN| inameM kisI sImA taka zarIra-zuddhi ko bhI jor3A jA sakatA hai| apanI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti evaM upabhoga ke lie kiyA jAne vAlA prayAsa isameM A jAtA hai| naitika sAdhanA kA kSetra vyakti se Upara uThakara samAja taka bar3ha jAtA hai| vyakti ko samAja meM, sabake sAtha rahanA hai, samAja ke prati usake aneka kartavya evaM dAyitva hote haiM, apane samparka meM AnevAloM ke prati udAratA, madatA, vinayazIlatA kA bartAva karanA par3atA hai| ina sabake lie use sAmAjika niyamoM kA pAlana karanA par3atA hai| sAmAjika dharAtala para vyakti jaba apane jIvana ko tolatA hai, taba usakA AcAra naitika niyamoM ke anusAra hotA hai| naitika niyamoM ke pAlana meM vyakti ko apane parivAra, pAsa-par3osa, gA~va tathA rAjya-rASTra ke lie tyAga bhI karanA par3atA hai, kyoMki usake jIvanakA vikAsa bhI samAja ke anekamukhI tyAga para nirbhara karatA hai| ahiMsA Adi pAMca vrata, maitrI-pramoda Adi bhAvanAe~, paraspara upagraha Adi naitika sAdhanA ke sAdhana haiN| tIsarI bhUmikA AdhyAtmika hai| AdhyAtmika sAdhanA meM vyakti zarIra evaM sAmAjika maryAdAoM se Upara uTha kara aisI bhUmikA meM praveza karatA hai jahA~ Asakti aura AkulatA nAma kI koI cIja nahIM raha jaatii| dhIre-dhIre vaha zarIra-zuddhi karate hue Atma-zuddhikI sthiti ko upalabdha karanA apanA lakSya banA letA hai| mAnasika evaM zArIrika vikAroM ko dUra karane ke lie vaha Asana, dhyAna, prANAyAma Adi ke prayoga karatA hai aura apane astitva kA ciMtana karatA hai| dhArmika zabdAvalI meM aise vyakti sAdhu-saMnyAsI yA zramaNa kahe jAte haiN| isakI AcAra-saMhitA bilakula alaga prakAra kI hotI hai| sampUrNa jIvasRSTi evaM prakRti ke sAtha Atma-bhAva sthApita karane kI dizA meM unakI hara kriyA itanI sAvadhAnIpUrvaka hotI hai ki kabhI-kabhI abodha mana ko ye saba bAteM hAsyAspada bhI lagatI haiN| apane zarIra ke prati anAsakta yA udAsIna hokara samasta jIvoM ke zarIroM meM apane ko aura apane meM sRSTi-vigraha ko samAhita karane kI yaha sAdhanA itanI sUkSma evaM kaThina hotI hai ki nirantara abhyAsa ke bAvajUda bhI phisalane kA Dara rahatA hai| 242 satya kabhI kaDavA nahIM hotA mAtra jo loga satya ke ArAdhaka nahIM hote ve hI satya se Darakara aisA kahate hai|
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________________ AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ko prAya: sabhI dharmo ne mahatva diyA hai| sabake apane-apane mArga hai, vidhiyA~ hai aura AcAragata vizeSatAeM hai| jaba sAdhya ojhala ho jAtA hai aura sAdhana hI pramukha bana jAtA hai, taba AcAra meM jar3atA A jAtI hai| isa jar3atA ke nivAraNa ke lie bhI prayAsa karanA par3atA hai| bhAratIya dharmo meM vaidika, jaina aura bauddha apanI vizeSatA evaM mahattA rakhate hai| vaidika dharma kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki svatantra ciMtakoM ke kAraNa usameM yugAnukUla pravRttiyoM kA samAveza hotA gayA aura vyakti ko yaha svatantratA rahI ki cAhe jisa mArga ko apanA kara kalyANa-sAdhanA kre| jainadharma kI sAdhanA-paddhati mUla meM eka prakAra kI rahI, usake sAdhanoM meM yadAkadA kacha heraphera hotA rhaa| jaina sAdhanA kA maulika AdhAra dArzanika vicAra rahA jo vaidika dharma se sarvathA bhinna hai|| vaidika dharma ne jahA~ karma, bhakti aura jJAna para sAdhanA kA bhavana nirmita kiyA vahA~ jainadharma ne darzana, jJAna aura cAritra kI ekatA para bala diyaa| jaina sAdhanA kA lakSya rahA paramAtma-pada kI prApti jabakI vaidika sAdhanAkA lakSya rahA hai paramAtmA me lInatA isIlie hama dekhate hai ki jaina manISiyoM ne vaidika dharma ke kriyAkANDoM meM A rahI jaDatA kA pUrI zakti ke sAtha virodha kiyaa| jaTA baDhAnA, nadI meM snAna karanA, zrAddha karanA, tarpaNa karanA, sUryAdi grahaNa ke samaya vrata-dAna karanA, yajJopavIta dhAraNa karanA, Adi saikaDo kriyAoM ko sAdhanA kA aMga mAnane se inakAra karake sAdhanA ke kSetra meM mahAna krAnti kI thI, isameM saMdeha nhii| jaina-sAdhanA kI gati vItarAgatA kI ora hai| bhautika sukha-suvidhAoM athavA bAhya samRddhi kA jIvana meM koI mahatva yahA~ svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA / jo yaha mAnatA hai ki meM sukhI-dukhI hU~, rAjA-raMka hU~, sundara-asundara hU~, sampanna-vipanna hU~, vaha jainadharma kI dRSTi meM bahirAtmA hai| bahirAtmA vaha hai, jo mohAsata hai, mithyAtva meM jItA hai| aura jise apane astitva ki yathArthatA kA patA nahIM hai| aise vyakti ko jainadharma behoza kahatA hai| vaha moha kI mahAvAruNI piye hue hai| vaha jAnakara bhI nahIM jAnatA, dekhakara bhI nahIM dekhtaa| taba guru-prasAda se bahirAtmA ko apane astitva kA, apane jIvana ke mUlya kA jJAna hotA hai aura saMsAra kI nazvaratA kA darzana khulI A~khoM se karatA hai, to vaha ina sabase virakta hokara aMtarmukha ho jAtA hai| taba use sArA bAhma vaibhava, mAyA aura chalAvA lagane lagatA hai| vaha taba nirgrantha ho jAtA hai| samasta granthiyoM ko kholakara unmukta ho jAtA hai| sAre bAhya saundarya meM use virupatA dikhAI dene lagatI hai| eka jAjvalyamAna AtmA kA smaraNa vaha karatA hai| bheda-vijJAna usameM jAga jAtA hai aura vaha svayaM apanA hI dIpaka bana jAtA hai| jaina-sAdhanA kI kucha, paddhati to hai, para paddhati kA upayoga sAdhana ke taura para hI kiyA jAtA hai| antata: to saba paddhatiyoM se pare hone para hI sAdhya kI upalabdhi hotI hai| paddhatiyA~ to phisalana se, bhaTakAva se bacane ke lie saMketa mAtra hai| paddatiyA~ to anubhaviyoM ke prayoga hai jinase sabaka lekara sAdhaka ko apanA mArga taya karanA hai| prazna yaha hai ki kyA bhautikatA ko adhyAtma meM pariNata kiyA jA sakatA hai ? bhautikatA kI nindA karanA aura use choDakara jaMgala kA rAstA apanA lenA kaThina nahIM hai, kintu isameM sAdhanA kA sUtra hAtha se chUTa jAtA hai| paMcendriya ke viSayoM para vijaya prApta karane ke lie zAstroM meM aneka upAyoM kA ullekha milatA hai aura yaha bhI ki ghara choDakara anagAra bana jAnA caahie| aneka sAdhaka muniveza dhAraNa karake vicaraNa bhI karate hai| prArammika abhyAsa kI dRSTi mRtyu ke samaya saMta ke darzana, saMta kA upadeza aura saMta kA sAnidhya to parama auSadhi rupa hotA hai| 243
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________________ se isakA mahatva avazya hai, kintu bAda meM yaha saba bAteM gauNa ho jAtI hai| samyak sAdhanA meM vyakti kahIM kisI se palAyana nahIM karatA aura na yaha abhivyakta hone detA hai ki vaha kisI prakAra se asAmAnya yA viziSTa hai| bhautika sAmagrI yA vaibhava ko saccA sAdhaka AtmabhAva se dekhatA hai aura usakA upayoga AdhyAtmika dRSTi se karatA hai| yahA~ phira vahI bAta doharAne ko jI karatA hai ki kalAkAra ke lie patthara kA choTA-sA kaNa bhI usakI vizAla evaM vyApaka bhagavat-bhAvanA kA aMza hai| apane karma ko vyakti jaba sarvAtmabhAva se sampanna karatA hai aura usameM usakA svArtha tirohita ho jAtA hai, taba vaha kevala karma nahIM raha jAtA-vaha akarma hI ho jAtA hai| yogIndradeva ne likhA hai| jahiM bhAvai tahi jAhi jiya jaM bhAvai kari taM ji| kemvai mokkhu Na atthi para citahaM suddhi NaM jaM ji|| - (paramAtma prakAza, 2, 70) -he jIva jahAM khuzI ho jAo, aura jo marjI ho karo, kiMtu jaba taka citta zuddha nahIM ho taba taka mokSa nahIM milegaa| jaina zramaNa-paramparA kI yaha anokhI vizeSatA rahI hai ki gRhasthavarga se niraMtara samparka rakhate hue bhI, unase pratidina AhArAdi prApta karate hue bhI zramaNa AkAMkSAoM se pare rahate hai, aura bhrAmarIvRtti se vicaraNa karate hai| phUla se apanI AvazyakatA bhara parAga grahaNa karane vAle bhramara kA jIvana jaina zramaNoM kI caryA ke lie uttama draSTAnta rupa meM prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| jainadharma yA darzana kA apanA karma-siddhAnta hai| usakA bhAgya yA karttavya se dUra kA bhI sambandha nahIM hai| yaha karma-siddhAnta dArzanika niSpatti hai jisake anusAra vyakti samyagzraddhA, samyagjJAna evaM samyak-cAritra ke samanvita mArga para, santulanapUrvaka sAdhanA karatA huA apane sAdhya ko prApta karatA hai| vaha tyAgane ke lie kucha, nahIM tyAgatA, grahaNa karane ke lie kucha grahaNa nahI krtaa| usakA lakSya hotA hai-apanI cetanA meM se saba prakAra kI jaDatA ajIvatA ko samApta karanA athavA nirjIvatA mAtra ko apanI cetanA yA sphUrti dvArA sajIva banAkara usake prati samabhAva sthApita krnaa| jainAcAryoM ne vyartha sAdhanAoM ko koI mahatva nahIM diyaa| bhautikatA meM race-pace logoM ke lie aisI sAdhanAeM hai jo AkarSaNa kA kAraNa bana sakatI hai aura jinameM kisI anokhI camatkRti kA darzana hotA hai| ve jana-pUjya bhI bana jAte hai| pAnI para calanA, divAla ko calA denA, dina meM tAre ugA denA, manacAhI vastu ko nimiSa mAtra meM upasthita kara denA, bhaviSyavANI karanA, dUsare ke mana kI bAta jAna lenA,-meM kUda paDanA, zUlI para leTa jAnA, yA zastra kriyA dvArA aMga-bhaMga karanA, Adi saikaDoM prakAra kI sAdhanAoM meM loga varSoM taka lage rahate hai| lekina jainadharma ne ina prakriyAoM ko lokaiSaNA kahA hai, kaSAya kahA hai| sAdhanA to vahI upAdeya hai jo rAga-dveSa se virata kre| paMDita dolatarAma jI ne spaSTa kahA hai yaha rAga Aga dahai sadA tAteM zamAmRta seiye| cira bhaje viSaya-kaSAya, aba to tyAga nijapada beiye| (chahaDhAlA) sArAMza yaha ki samasta carAcara jagat ke prati samatAbhAva rakhane kI sAdhanA sarvopari sAdhanA hai| sApekSa athavA sAkAMkSa sAdhanA se yogaizvarya prApta ho sakatA hai, svarga taka mila sakatA hai, aura to aura kalpanAtIta anuttara vimAna kA sukha bhI mila sakatA hai| kintu nirAkula sukha kI prApti to sAmyAvasthA meM hI upalabdha ho sakatI hai| mokSa bhI antata: apanI AkAMkSAoM 244 kartavya ke prati jahA~ niSThA dRDha hotI hai, vahA~ mana meM utsAha kI aura meM nerAzya AtA hI nahIM hai|
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________________ se mukta honA hI hai| chahaDhAlAkAra ne niSkarSa rupa meM lAkha Take kI bAta kahI hai lAkha bAta kI bAta yahai nizcaya ura laao| choDa sakala jaga daMda-phaMda nija Atama dhyaao|| apanI AtmA kA dhyAna yA ciMtana svArtha nahIM hai| kyoMki AtmA kI zakti parimita nahIM hai aura usakI jyoti brahmANDavyApI hai| eka AtmA meM sarvazakti kA nivAsa hai, isalie vaha vizva-kalyANa se viparIta sthiti nahIM hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne sUtra rupa meM kahA hai-jo eka ko jAnatA hai vaha sabako jAnatA hai| hama sarvaprathama apane ko pahacAna le, vizva to taba jAnA huA hI smjho| lekina vAstavikatA yaha hai ki manuSya nAnA veza yA rupa dhAraNa karake bhI apane ko nahI jAna paataa| usakI A~khe nirantara apane se bAhara, dUra vizva ke maMca -para parivartanazIla draSyoM ko dekhane meM lagI rahatI hai, jo ki apane meM eka mAyA hai, granthi hai| mAyA ke yathArtha svarupa ko jAnane ke lie bhI apane ko jAnanA nitAMta Avazyaka hai| jainaAgama granthoM meM jo kathAe~ milatI hai, unakA kalAgata mUlyAMkana karanA, sAhitya manISiyoM kA kArya bhale ho, una kathAoM ke bhItara eka zAzvata satya Alokita hai ki mukti kI sAdhanA ke patha para calane meM yAtrI bAra-bAra phisalatA hai, khAI-khaMdaka meM giratA hai, janma-janmAMtara ke apAra du:kha-sAgara meM DUbatA hai, kabhI-kamI sukha svarga meM bhI bhogaizvarya sampadA prApta karatA hai| parantu yaha saba to patha ke avarodha hai, zUla-kA~Te hai| isase uttIrNa hone para hI siddhi hAtha lagatI hai| jaba vyakti 'maiM' se mukta hokara 'sarva' kA ho jAtA hai, apane ko zUnya kara detA hai-apane meM se kartAbhAva ko samApta kara detA hai, tabhI nazvaratA se avinazvatA ke bhavana meM caraNa dharatA hai| jaina-sAdhanA vyavahAra aura nizcaya ke rupa meM dvividha hai| yaha dvividha sAdhanA bhI zrAvakadharma evaM zramaNa-dharma ke rupa meM dvividha hai| zrAvaka kI sAdhanA vyavahAra-pradhAna hote hue bhI usakI draSTi nizcayamUlaka sAdhya para hotI hai| zrAvaka kI sAdhanA nizcaya kA pUraka hotI hai, tabhI vaha eka samaya samasta bAhyatAoM se nivRtta hokara zramaNa mArga kI aura pravRtta hotA hai anturmukha hotA hai| zrAvaka dhIre dhIre ekAdaza sopAnoM para caDhatA hai yaha ThIka hai ki usakI yaha vyavahAra sAdhanA khAna-pAna tathA sthUla vratoM kara sImita hotI hai, usakA samUcA vyavahAra paraspara-sApekSa hotA hai, evaM sAMsArika samasyAoM se Abaddha bhI hotA hai, kintu anAdikAlIna mohanIya saMskAroM evaM mithyAtvoM se grasita jIvana ko eka naI dizA dete samaya aisA naitika caritra bhI bar3A krAntikArI hotA hai| zrAvakadharma kI jo AcAra-saMhitA jaina dharma meM pratipAdita hai, vaha anyatra durlabha hai| bAhara se vaha naitika dikhatI hai jarUra lekina usake bIja bahuta gahare gaye hote hai aura unameM vizAla vRkSa banane kI kSamatA hotI hai| sAmAjika ziSTAcAra ke lie yA rASTriya caritra kI ekarupatA ke lie naitika upadezo se bharI huI AcAra-saMhitA munaSya ko upara-Upara se AkarSita karatI hai aura use bhI naitikatA kA mukhauTA lagAne kI suvidhA mila jAtI hai, kintu itane se vaha Atma -vikAsa kI ora jAne meM samartha nahIM ho jAtA balki AtmavaMcaka hI adhika hotA hai| jaina AcAra-saMhitA ne kabhI ziSTAcAra kA naitika upadeza nahIM diyaa| zrAvaka ke vatoM kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki ina vratoM ko svIkAra karane ke uparAMta -inameM se kisI eka vrata ko bhI kisI bhI aMza meM svIkAra karane ke uparAMta - manuSya meM badalAva prArambha ho jAtA hai, kyoMki yaha vrata-svIkRti Atmazodhana evaM Atmazaddhi ke lie hotI hai| kisI bhI choTe-baDe maMtra kI ArAdhanA meM siddhi tana, mana aura prANa kI ekAgratA ke binA hotI kI nhiiN| 245
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________________ jaba zrAvaka kI sAdhanA Atmazodhana ke eka bindu para pahu~ca jAtI hai to vahA~ usakI samagra cetanA prakRtistha ho jAtI hai| vaha parama (nirgrantha) ho jAtA hai| nirgrantha kevala ruDha nagratA ke artha meM nahIM, balki sampUrNamanA vaha dizAoM ke virAT vastra ko oDhaletA hai| saMsAra me rahakara bhI vaha saMsAra kA nahIM raha jaataa| zramaNa ke lie jaina granthoM meM sattAisa mUlaguNoM ke pAlana kA vidhAna hai| ve nirantara bAraha anuprekSAoM kA cintana karate hai| zramaNa daza dharmo kA pAlana karate hai| mana-vacana-kAya kA gopana karate haiM karate haiM aura calane, bolane, khAne-pIne Adi ke rUpa meM pA~ca samitiyoM kA sAvadhAnIpUrvaka AcaraNa karate hai| isa prakAra kI sAdhanA kA pratipAdana anyatra durlabha hai| isa sAdhanA meM eka aisA tatva-darzana antarbhUta hai jo sAdhaka ko sAdhya se vimukha nahIM hone detaa| nau va sAta tattva eva cha: dravyamUlaka sRSTi-vyavasthA kA nidarzana jaina-darzana kI apanI maulika dena hai| isa tattvajJAna kI AdhArazilA para hI samagra sAdhanA kI imArata khar3I hai| kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki kevala naitika upadezoM yA karmakANDoM ke AdhAra para kI gaI sAdhanA manuSya ko tapasvI to banA sakatI hai, usameM sahiSNutA bhI A sakatI hai, kintu sAdhya aspaSTa hI rahatA hai| jainadharma ke anusAra sAdhaka ke samakSa sAdhya kA citra spaSTa rahatA hai aura usI ke caturdika usakI sAdhanA kA caMkramaNa hotA hai| jaina sAdhaka tapa bhI karatA hai| jaina sAdhaka ke lie bAraha prakAra ke tapoM kA vidhAna hai| cha: tapa bAhya haiM aura cha: aabhyntr| bAhya tapoM ke dvArA sAdhaka kabhI anazana karake, kabhI bhUkha se kama khAkara, kabhI sImita padArtha grahaNa karake, kabhI kisI rasa ko taja karake, aura kabhI zarIra ko niyantrita karake vAsanAoM para aMkuza lagAtA hai, abhilASAoM ko saMkocatA hai| Antarika tapa ke dvArA vaha jJAna-dhyAna, paThana-pAThana-ciMtana meM nirata rahatA hai| tapa ke ye prakAra manovaijJAnika dRSTi se bar3e mUlyavAna hai| inameM bAharI tapana nahIM hai| logoM ko camatkRta karake prasiddhi prApta karane kI abhIpsA nahIM hai aura vyarthatA bhI nahIM hai| zarIra ko satAne kI apekSA use halkA-phulkA evaM vikAra-vivarjita banAne meM jo tapasyA sahAyaka ho, vahI karane kA iMgita ina tapoM meM hai| ye tapa bAhara se dIkhate bhI nahIM hai, sAdhaka inheM pradarzita bhI nahIM krtaa| sUrya jaise apanI kiraNoM se saMsAra ko prakAza ke sAtha-sAtha jIvana detA hai, vaise hI ina dvAdaza tapoM se sAdhaka apane meM teja kA anubhava karatA hai aura isa teja se vAtAvaraNa ko Aloka milatA hai| ye tapa sAdhaka ke zarIra-dIpa ko prajvalita rakhate hai| tapomaya zarIra kA dIpaka bujhatA nahIM haiM, usakA utsarga hotA hai, jo samUce vAtAvaraNa meM eka prakAza-kiraNa chor3a jAtA hai| jaina-sAdhanA meM Ayu kI maryAdA kA koI prAvadhAna nahIM hai| jisa mAnava-cetanA meM jJAna-kiraNa kA udaya ho jAtA hai, vairAgya kI urmi taraMgAyamAna hone lagatI hai, vaha sAdhanA ke patha para ArohaNa kara jAtA hai| aneka udAharaNoM meM hama dekhate hI haiM ki alpavaya meM hI aneka puruSa jJAnI evaM saMta ho gaye haiN| jJAna Atmika UrjA hai, vaha pothI-pustakoM kI cIja nahIM hai| kabIra to kaha hI gaye hai ki pothI par3ha-par3ha kara to saMsAra mara hI gayA, koI paNDita nahIM huaa| eka taruNa bhI zramaNa ho sakatA hai aura eka vRddha bhI mAyA-jAla meM ulajhA raha jAtA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM anAthI muni kI eka aisI hI pratIka-kathA hai| jaina AgamoM meM aneka taruNa tapasviyoM kI gAthAe~ aMkita hai jo mAtA-pitA ko ghara meM chor3akara vana kI ora prasthAna kara 246 karma kI salAha (prabhAva) kise nahIM bhoganI par3I haiM?
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________________ gye| mUla bAta yaha hai ki Azraya -vyavasthA nirmANa karake manuSya jIvana ko cAra khaMDoM meM vibhAjita karane kI kalpanA jJAna athavA sAdhanA ke mArga meM sahAyaka nahIM hotii| vaha to eka sAmAnya evaM sthUla vidhAna mAtra hai jisake pIche mAnavIya jJAna-zakti kI avahelanA hai| prArambha ke 25 varSoM taka brahmacaryAzrama ke pAlana kA vidhAna manuSya ko Age bhoga meM le jAtA hai| jabaki jaina-sAdhanA ke antargata brahmacaryavrata kA vidhAna eka bAra svIkAra karane bAda atyAjya hai aura isI kAraNa vaha manuSa ko 'yoga' kI ora le jAtA hai| vizvakavi ravIndranAtha ThAkura ne saMketa kiyA hai ki 'jIvana eka amara javAnI hai, use usa Ayu se napharata hai jo isakI gati meM bAdhaka ho, jo dIpaka kI chAyA kI taraha jIvana kA pIchA karatI hai| hamArA jIvana nadI kI dhArA kI laharoM kI taraha apane taTa se chUtA hai, isalie nahIM ki vaha apanI sImAoM kA bandhana anubhava kare, balki isalie ki vaha pratikSaNa yaha anubhUti letA rahe ki usakA ananta mArga samudra kI ora khulA hai| jIvana aisI kavitA hai jo chandoM ke kaThora anuzAsana meM cupa nahIM hotI, balki isase apanI AMtarika svatantratA aura samatA ko aura bhI adhika prakaTa karatI hai|" _ -(sAdhanA, pRSTha 62-63) sAdhanA kA kSetra-vistAra asIma hai, ananta AkAza kI bhaaNti| kisI bhI eka kSetra yA viSaya meM sAdhanA kI ora bar3hane para pratyeka jAgarUka vyakti apane ko nitAnta alpa yA zUnya hI pAtA hai| jIvana bhara DubakiyA~ lagAne para bhI antata: lagatA hai ki abhI to virATa ke eka bindu kA bhI sparza nahIM huA hai| bolane ko to hama rAta-dina bolate rahate haiM, lekina yathArthata: bolane kI vizeSatAoM yA garimA se hama anta taka aparicita hI raha jAte haiN| sarvAdhika prAcIna jainAgama AcArAMga sUtra meM sAdhu kI AhAracaryA viSayaka nirdezoM ko dekhane se jJAta hotA hai ki sAdhu ke lie AhAra prApta karanA ahiMsA kI dRSTi se eka sAdhanA hI hai| pAMcoM indriyoM se tathA vibhinna zArIrika avayavoM se nirantara kAma lete hue bhI aura yaha jAnate hue bhI ki inakA kyA upayoga evaM lAbha hai, hama inake prati kitane anajAna raha jAte hai? sA~sa ke binA jIvana palabhara bhI nahIM cala sakatA, kintu kyA hama zvAsocchvAsa kI sUkSmatama prakriyAoM athavA vidhiyoM se paricita rahate hai? yaha jAnanA hI to sAdhanA hai| sAdhanA kI dizA meM kadama rakhane kA artha hai saMkalpa karanA, ekAgra honA, apanI samasta zaktIyoM ko kendrita karanA tAki upalabdhi kA bIja aMkurita ho sake, vaha kaThora avarodha ko bhedakara Upara uTha sake aura vizAla vRkSa bana ske| saMkalpapUrvaka siddhi hI sAdhanA phala hai| yahI bIja kI svatantratA hai| hamAre zarIra meM parivyApta cetanA vizvavyApinI zakti samAhita kiye hue hai; vaha vizva se tuccha yA laghu nahIM hai| usameM sampUrNa vizva samAhita hai| bU~da choTI avazya hai, para sAgara se bhinna nahIM hai| kisI bhI prakAra kI sAdhanA kA mUla AdhAra zarIra hotA hai| zarIra kI sahAyatA se hI sAdhanA phalavatI hotI hai| sAdhanA se zarIra sakSama banatA hai aura zarIra kI kSamatA se cetanA meM tejasvitA AtI hai| jaba AtmA tejasvI hotI hai to yaha tana paramAtmA kA maMgaladhAma bana jAtA hai| zarIra ke prati Asakti na rakhanA Avazyaka hai, lekina usake prati zatrutA bhI anucita hai| jo loga zarIra ko satAne meM sAdhanA dekhate hai, ve kevala bojha hI Dhote hai| viziSTa avasthA, vizeSa Asana, viziSTa prakAra kA AhAra-vihAra, rahana-sahana, veza, vyAyAma, prAyazcita kI agni se jo vizuddha bana jAtA hai, vaha hI mahAmAnava parama zuddha paramAtmA (vItarAga) bana jAtA hai| 247
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________________ prANAyAma, japa-jApa, snAna-dhyAna, athavA prayAsa ko prAya: sAdhanA kahA jAtA hai| amuka paristhitiyoM meM isa prakAra kI viziSTatAe~ bhale hI upayogI hoM; kintu isa prakAra manuSya sahajatA se TUTatA jAtA hai aura pariNAmata: vizva-prakRti se ekarUpa nahIM ho paataa| saMta kabIra ne 'sahaja samAdhi' kI bAta kahA hai| lagatA to yaha hai ki jIvana meM sahaja honA hI atyanta kaThina hai| asAmAnya yA kaThina mArga apanAnA apekSAkRta AsAna pratIta hotA hai| korI sleTa para bilkula sIdhI rekhA khIMcanA hI kaThina hai| jaMgala meM sIdhe biravA bahuta kama hote haiN| hamArA jIvana bhI aneka vakratAoM kA ghara hai| vakratAoM ko miTAne kA nAma hI sahajatA hai| maMdira meM jAkara mUrti ke Age sASTAMga namana karanA hamAre lie kaThina nahIM hai| para zayana kI sahaja kriyA ko hI prabhu-namana mAnanA bar3A kaThina hai| vizva ke sAtha tAdAtmya sthApita karane yA vizva meM apane ko lIna karane ke lie hamArI bhUmikA nadI ke pravAha kI bhAMti honI cAhie ki vaha sAgara kI ora sahaja bahI calI jAtI hai| aMkura sahaja vRkSa banatA calA jAtA hai| sAdhanA kA bhAra Dhone para to hama zramika hI raha jAte haiM, zramaNa nahIM bana paate| zarIra ke aMga apanA kArya kitanI sahajatA se karate haiM ki unake lie hameM socanA bhI nahIM pdd'taa| hama bAlaka se tarUNa aura hai| to sAdhanA hameM karanI hai sahajatA kI, RjutA kI, bhAra-vihIna hone kI, aura tabhI hamArA yaha tana Atma-dIpaka se jyotirmAna hokara hameM vahA~ pahu~cA sakatA hai jahAM AtmA kI antima pariNA hai| anta meM maiM apanI bAta vizvakavi ravIndranAtha ThAkura ke ina zabdoM ke sAtha samApta karUMgA ki "prazna yaha hai ki hama jagata ko, jo Ananda kA pUrNa upahAra hai, kisa rIti se svIkAra karate haiN| kyA hama ise apane usa hRdayamandira meM sthAna dete haiM jahA~ hama apane amara devatAoM kA pratiSThAna karate haiN| sAdhAraNatayA hama vizva kI zaktiyoM kA prayoga karake adhika-se-adhika zakti saMgraha karane meM vyagra rahate haiN| vizva ke akSaya bhaMDAra se hama yathAzakti adhikAdhika pAne kI pratiyogitA meM lar3ate-jhagar3ate jIvana bItA dete haiN| kyA yahI hamAre jIvana kA dhyeya hai? hamArA mana kevala jagat kA upabhoga karane kI cintA meM vyasta rahatA hai-isI se hama isakA sacA mUlya nahIM pahacAna pAte, hama apanI bhoga-kAmanAe~ aura vilAsI ceSTAoM se ise sastA banA dete haiM aura aMta meM hama ise kevala apanI pUrti kA sAdhana mAna baiThate haiM aura usa nAdAna bAlaka kI taraha jo pustakoM ke panne phAr3a-phAr3a kara rakhate hue Anandita hotA hai, prakRti kI udher3abuna meM hI jIvana kA Ananda samajha baiThate haiN| usakA asalI mUlya hamAre lie usI taraha rahasya banA rahatA hai, jisa taraha usake pannoM se khelane vAle bacce ke lie pustaka kA jnyaan|". * manuSya hI nahIM, pazu jAti-vAnara senA ke sammukha bhI usa kI vaijJAnika zakti, usake bhayAnaka astra-zastra aura usakI pAzavika-dAnavika zakti bhI tanika kArya nahI sAdha skii| 248 prabhU ke darabAra meM akiMcana yAtrAluoM kA apUrva svAgata satkAra hotA hai|