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________________ 554 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana prantha : paMcama khaNDa + +0000 MO jaina sAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna Booo, 10001 1 000.0. * sAdhvI darzanaprabhA, bI0 e0 jIvana meM mAnavIya sadguNoM ke vivekapUrNa vikAsa kI prakriyA ko sAdhanA kahA hai| sAdhanA ke kaI rUpa haiM, kintu sabhI sAdhanA-paddhatiyoM kA eka hI saMlakSya hai-sadguNoM kA utkarSa kara sthAyIsukha ko prApta krnaa| andhakAra se prakAza kI ora bar3hanA, ajJAna se jJAna kI ora pragati karanA, mRtyu se amaratva kI ora kadama bar3hAnA aura vibhAva se svabhAva kI ora pragati krnaa| sAdhanA kA saMlakSya hai pUrNatA kI prApti / eka bAra ke prayatna se pUrNatA nahIM aatii| usake lie satata prayAsa apekSita hai| jyo-jyoM moha kI mAtrA kama hotI hai tyoM-tyoM sAdhaka ke kadama pragati kI ora bar3hate haiM / sAdhanA kA samaya eka abhyAsa kA kAla hai| vaha sAdhanAkAla meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyagcAritra aura samyagatapa kI ArAdhanA kara AtmA para lage hue karmarUpI vijAtIya tattva ko naSTa karatA hai| jaina sAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna kA sarvopari sthAna hai / dhyAna kA artha hai mana ko aneka meM se eka meM, aura eka se AtmA meM lIna kara denaa| yaha kaThina kriyA hai| isa kriyA meM jinhoMne apane sampUrNa jIvana ko khapA diyA hai ve bhI kitanA patha pAra kara sake haiM yaha eka prazna hai / jo sAdhaka yaha mAnate haiM ki hama ghaNToM taka nirvikalpa samAdhi meM avasthita rahate haiM, para yaha kevala unake mana kA bhrama hI hai| nAka ke agrabhAga para, zvAsa para, yA anya kisI bhautika avalaMbana para TikA huA mana usa vastu meM rahatA hai| jaina dRSTi se pUrNa yoganirodha rUpa zailezI samAdhi kA kAlamAna pA~ca hrasva akSara jitanA mAnA gayA hai aura vaha bhI vItarAga bhagavAna ke jIvana ke antima kSaNoM meM hI hotA hai / avazeSa jo dhyAna kI prakriyA hai usameM mukhya rUpa se cintana hotA hai| jaina dRSTi se (1) pRthaktvavitarkasavicAra, (2) ekatvavitarkaavicAra (3) sUkSma kriyAapratipAtI (4) samucchinna-kriya-anivRtti-ye zukla dhyAna-prakriyA ke cAra prakAra haiM, jisameM sAdhaka kA cintana kramazaH simaTatA calA jAtA hai / bauddha paramparA meM bhI prathama dhyAna ke vitarka, vicAra, prIti, sukha aura ekAgratA ye pA~ca aMga haiM / kramazaH unakA sArAMza isa prakAra hai-dhyeya meM citta kA gaharAI se praveza vitarka hai| mana kA dhyeya se bAhara nahIM jAnA vicAra hai| mAnasika Ananda prIti hai; kAma, vyApAra styAnagara, auddhatya, vicikitsA-ina pA~ca nIvaraNoM ko apane meM samAhita hue dekhakara mana meM AlhAda utpanna hotA hai| usI AlhAda se prIti utpanna hotI hai| prIti se tana zAnta ho jAtA hai jisase kAya-sukha utpanna hotA hai / ekAgratA kA artha samAdhi hai / dvitIya dhyAna meM vitarka aura vicAra ye do aMga nahIM hote jisase AMtarika prasAda va citta kI ekAgratA hotI hai| isa dhyAna meM niSThA, prIti, sukha va ekAgratA kI pradhAnatA hotI hai / tRtIya dhyAna meM tRtIya aMga prIti bhI nahIM hotii| kevala sukha aura ekAgratA kI pradhAnatA rahatI hai / sukha kI bhAvanA sAdhaka ke citta meM vikSepa paidA nahIM karatI jisase citta meM vizeSa zAMti aura samAdhAna banA rahatA hai| caturtha dhyAna meM zArIrika sukha-duHkha kA pUrNarUpa se tyAga kara sAdhaka rAgadveSa se rahita ho jAtA hai aura usameM ekAgratA ke sAtha upekSA aura smRti ye do manovRttiyA~ hotI haiM / isameM saumanasya-daurmanasya ke lupta ho jAne se citta sarvathA nirmala aura vizuddha bana jAtA hai| bauddha sAhitya meM dhyAna ke anya cAra bheda bhI hai-1. kAyAnupazyA, 2. vedanAnupazya 3. cittAnupazyA 4. dharmAnupazyA / sAdhaka kAyAnupazyA se kAyA sambandhI, vedanAnupazyA se vedanA sambandhI, cittAnupazyA se citta sambandhI aura dharmAnupazyA se dharma sambandhI cintana karatA hai| dhyAna eka sAdhanA hai| usake bAhya aura Abhyantara ye do rUpa haiM / zArIrika Adi ekAgratA usakA bAhya rUpa hai; ahaMkAra-mamakAra Adi manovikAroM kA na honA usakA Abhyantara rUpa hai / dUsare zabdoM meM kahA jAya to ekAgratA dhyAna kA zarIra hai aura aMhamAva-mamatva Adi kA parityAga usakI AtmA hai| manovikAroM ke binA parityAga ke kAya, vAk aura mana meM sthairya nahIM A sakatA aura na samatA hI prasphuTita ho sakatI hai / ekAgratA va sthiratA ke sAtha manovikAroM kA parityAga vAstavika sAdhanA hai|
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________________ jaina sAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna 555 zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ne sAr3he bAraha varSa taka utkRSTa sAdhanA kii| chaha-chaha mahIne taka ve upavAsI rahe / kintu ve upavAsa Adi unheM kaSTakara pratIta nahIM hue kyoMki unhoMne dhyAnayoga ke dvArA samatva kA itanA vikAsa kara liyA thA ki viSamabhAva yA parabhAva unake pAsa taka nahIM aaye| ve adhika se adhika samaya taka dhyAna meM lIna rahate / ve samajhate the ki yaha zarIra pRthak hai aura maiM pRthak huuN| jaba taka Ayukarma kA sambandha hai taba taka zarIra rhegaa| sAdhanAkAla meM aneka romAMcakArI upasarga bhI upasthita hue| saMgama deva ne, zUlapANi yakSa ne, kaTapUtanA ne, caMDakauzika sarpa ne, gvAle ne aura anArya dezavAsiyoM ne unheM bhayaMkara upasarga diye| kintu ve dhyAna se kabhI vicalita nahIM hue| jaina sAdhanA-paddhati meM tapa ke bAraha prakAra batAye haiM-unameM dhyAna aura kAyotsarga sarvotkRSTa haiM / anya tapa usake sAdhana mAtra haiN| yogirAja padmasiMha ne likhA hai-jaise pASANa meM svarNa, kASTha meM agni binA prayoga ke dRSTigocara nahIM hotI vaise hI binA dhyAna ke Atma-darzana nahIM hote / dhyAna se AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kA parijJAna hotA hai| dhyAna kI saMsiddhi ke lie prArambhika sAdhaka ko mana ekAgra karane kA sugama aura sarala upAya AcAryoM ne mantra jApa Adi batAyA hai| jo adhyavasAya cala hai vaha citta hai aura jo sthira hai vaha dhyAna hai / dhyAna kA prathama rUpa citta kA nirodha karanA hai aura dUsarA rUpa zarIra, vANI aura mana kA pUrNa rUpa se nirodha karanA hai / jaina Agama sAhitya meM dhyAna ke cAra prakAra batAye haiN| Arta aura rodra--ye do dhyAna aprazasta haiM aura dharma va zukla-ye prazasta haiM / dharmadhyAna zukladhyAna kI bhUmikA taiyAra karatA hai / zukladhyAna mukti kA sAkSAt kAraNa hai / sAtaveM guNasthAna taka dharmadhyAna rahatA hai| AThaveM guNasthAna se zukladhyAna kA prArambha hotA hai / kahA jAtA hai ki zukladhyAna pUrvadhara muniyoM ko hotA hai| dharmadhyAna ke AjJAvicaya, apAyavicaya, vipAkavicaya aura saMsthAnavicaya-ye cAra prakAra haiN| AjJA, apAya, vipAka aura saMsthAna ye dhyeya haiN| ina dhyeya viSayoM para citta ekAgra kiyA jAtA hai| inake cintana se cittanirodha ke sAtha usakI zuddhi hotI hai / AjJAvicaya se vItarAgabhAva kI prApti hotI hai| apAyavicaya se rAgadveSa aura moha aura unase utpanna hone vAle duHkhoM se mukti prApta hotI hai| vipAkavicaya se duHkha prApti kA mUla kAraNa parijJAta hotA hai| saMsthAnavicaya se anAsaktabhAvoM kI vRddhi hotI hai aura Asakti naSTa hotI hai / isa prakAra dharmadhyAna se cittavizuddhi kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai aura vaha abhyAsa paripakva hone para dharmadhyAna meM praveza hotA hai / dharmadhyAna ke cAra lakSaNa batAye gaye haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM-1. AjJAruci-rAgadveSa-moha ke kama ho jAne se mithyA-Agraha kA abhAva ho jAtA hai / 2. nisargarucipUrNa zuddhi se samutpanna sahajaruci / 3. sUtraruci-sUtra ke adhyayana se utpanna ruci / 4. avagAr3ha ruci-tattva ke avagAhana meM utpanna ruci / dharmadhyAna ke cAra AlaMbana hai| vAcanA, pRcchanA, parivartanA aura anuprekssaa| dharmadhyAna kI anuprekSA cAra prakAra kI hai-1. ekatvAnuprekSA-maiM akelA hUM isa prakAra cintana karanA / 2. anityAnuprekSA-saba saMyoga anitya haiM aisA cintana / 3. azaraNAnuprekSA-dUsarA koI bhI vyakti trANa nahIM de sakatA isa prakAra vicAra karanA / 4. saMsArAnuprekSA-jIva sasAra meM paribhramaNa kara rahA hai, isa prakAra cintana karanA / dharmadhyAna ke pazcAt zukladhyAna AtA hai| zukladhyAna kA zAbdika artha hai ujjvala aura svaccha dhyAna / zukladhyAna ke cAra AdhAra staMbha mAne gaye haiN| (1) pRthaktvavitarkasavicAro-isameM mAnava pratyeka kArya ko vicAra sahita karatA hai| isameM vicAra hote haiM kintu tarka nahIM hotA / isameM eka dravya ke aneka paryAyoM kA aneka nayoM se cintana kiyA jAtA hai aura pUrvazru ta kA AlaMbana liyA jAtA hai tathA zabda se artha meM aura artha se zabda meM evaM mana, vacana, kAyA meM se eka dUsare meM saMkramaNa kiyA jAtA hai| zukladhyAna kI prastuta sthiti pRthakatvavitarkasavicArI kahI jAtI hai| (2) ekatvavitarkaavicArI-jaba eka dravya ke kisI eka paryAya kA abheda dRSTi se cintana kiyA jAtA hai aura pUrvazra ta kA Alambana liyA jAtA hai, jahA~ para zabda, artha tathA mana, vacana, kAyA meM se eka dUsare meM saMkramaNa kiyA jAtA hai zukladhyAna kI prastuta avasthA ekatvavitarkaavicArI hai| (3) sUkSmakriyAmapratipAtI-jaba mana aura vANI ke yogoM kA pUrNa rUpa se nirodha ho jAtA hai / kintu kAyA ke yoga kA pUrNa nirodha nahIM hotA hai, zvAsocchavAsa jaisI sUkSmakriyA avazeSa rahatI hai, prastuta avasthA ko sUkSma kriya kahA jAtA hai| isameM kabhI bhI patana nahIM hotaa| ata: yaha apratipAtI hai /
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________________ 556 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : paMcama khaNDa (4) samucchinnakriyAanivRtti-jaba sUkSma kriyA kA bhI nirodha ho jAtA hai usa avasthA ko samucchinnakriya kahate haiM / isakA nivartana nahIM hotA, ataH yaha anivRtti hai| AcArya pataMjali ne zukladhyAna ke prathama do bhedoM ko saMprajJAta aura antima do bhedoM ko asaMprajJAta samAdhi kahA hai| zukladhyAna ke cAra lakSaNa haiM-(1) anyatha-kSobha kA abhAva, (2) asaMmoha-sUkSma padArtha viSaya saMbaMdhI mUr3hatA kA abhAva / (3) viveka-zarIra aura AtmA ke bheda kA parijJAna (4) vyutsarga-zarIra aura upAdhi meM anAsakta maav| ___ zukladhyAna ke cAra AlaMbana haiM-(1) kSAMti-kSamA (2) mukti-nirlobhatA (3) mArdava-mRdutA, aura (4) Arjava-saralatA / ___ zukladhyAna kI cAra anuprekSAe~ haiM-(1) anantavRttitA anuprekSA-saMsAra kI paraMparA para cintana karanA / (2) vipariNAma anuprekSA-vastuoM ke pariNAmoM kA cintana / (3) azubha anuprekSA-padArthoM kI azubhatA para cintana / (4) apAya anuprekSA-doSoM para cintana / vartamAna yuga meM zukladhyAna kA abhyAsa saMbhava nahIM hai tathApi usakA vivecana Avazyaka hai jisase koI viziSTa sAdhaka lAbhAnvita ho sakatA hai / hamane uparyukta paMktiyoM meM zukladhyAna ke cAra AlaMbana batAye haiM / prAraMbha meM mana kA AlaMbana samUcA saMsAra hotA hai kintu zanaiH-zanaiH abhyAsa hote-hote vaha eka paramANu para sthira ho jAtA hai| kevalajJAna prApta hone para mana kA astitva hI samApta ho jAtA hai / AlaMbana kA jo saMkSepIkaraNa hai use AcAryoM ne udAharaNoM ke dvArA samajhAyA hai| jisa prakAra saMpUrNa zarIra meM phaile hue jahara ko DaMka ke sthAna meM ekatrita karate haiM aura phira usa jahara ko bAhara nikAla dete haiM vaise hI vizva ke sabhI viSayoM meM phailA huA mana eka paramANu meM niruddha kiyA jAtA hai aura use haTAkara Atmastha kiyA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra IMdhana samApta ho jAne para agni pahale kSINa hotI hai, phira vaha agni bujha jAtI hai usI prakAra viSayoM ke samApta hone para mana pahale kSINa hotA hai, phira zAnta ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra garama lohe ke bartana meM DAlA huA jala kramazaH nyUna hotA jAtA hai, isI prakAra zukladhyAnI kA mana apramAda se kSINa hotA jAtA hai| AcArya pataMjali ne apane yogasUtra meM likhA hai-yogI kA citta sUkSma japa meM nivizamAna hotA hai taba paramANu sthita ho jAtA hai / aura sthUla meM nivizamAna hotA hai taba parama mahattva usakA viSaya bana jAtA hai / pataMjali ne paramANu para sthira hone kI bAta to kahI hai kintu sthUla se sUkSma kI ora jAne kI carcA nahIM kii| zukladhyAna ke pahale do caraNoM meM zuklalezyA hotI hai / tIsare caraNa meM paramazuklalezyA hotI hai aura cauthe caraNa meM lezyA nahIM hotI / zukladhyAna kA antima phala mokSa hai| ___ kucha vyaktiyoM kA yaha mantavya hai ki vartamAna yuga meM dhyAna nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki zarIra kA saMhanana jitanA sudRr3ha cAhie utanA nahIM hai / AcArya umAsvAti ne bhI likhA hai ki dhyAna vahI kara sakatA hai jisakA zArIrika saMhanana uttama hai| AcArya kundakunda ne likhA hai isa duHSamakAla meM AtmasvabhAva meM sthita jJAnI ke dharmadhyAna ho sakatA hai, jo isa bAta ko svIkAra nahIM karatA vaha ajJAnI hai / AcArya devasena kA bhI yahI mantavya hai| tattvAnuzAsana meM AcArya rAmasena ne to yahA~ taka likhA hai jo vyakti vartamAna meM dhyAna hotA nahIM mAnate haiM ve arhata mata ko nahIM jAnate / yaha satya hai ki vartamAna meM zakladhyAna ke yogya zArIrika saMhanana nahIM hai kintu dharmadhyAna ke yogya Aja bhI saMhanana hai / zArIrika saMhanana jitanA adhika sudRr3ha hogA utanA hI mana sthira hogA / zarIra kI sthiratA para hI mana kI sthiratA saMbhava hai| dhyAna kI siddhi ke lie rAmasena ne guru kA upadeza, zraddhA, nirantara abhyAsa aura sthiramana ye cAra bAteM Avazyaka mAnI haiM / AcArya pataMjali ne abhyAsa kI dRr3hatA ke lie dIrghakAla, nirantara aura satkAra ye tIna bAteM Avazyaka batAyI haiM / somadevasUri ne vairAgya, jJAnasampadA, asaMgatatA, citta kI sthiratA, bhUkha-pyAsa Adi ko sahana karanA-dhyAna ke ye pAMca hetu batAye haiN| saMkSepa meM dhyAna mokSa kA pradhAna kAraNa hai| dhyAna se karma rUpI bAdala usI taraha naSTa ho jAte haiM jaise dAkSiNAtya pavana ke calane se / sAbuna se malina vastra svaccha ho jAtA hai vaise hI dhyAna se AtmA nirmala bana jAtA hai| jaina mAdhanA meM dhyAna kA viziSTa mahatva rahA hai| Aja AvazyakatA hai dhyAna kI sAdhanA ko punarujjIvita karane kii| jyoM-jyoM dhyAna kI sAdhanA vikasita hogI tyoM-tyoM rAga-dveSa-IrSyA-moha Adi kI mAtrAe~ kama hoMgI aura AtmA meM adhika mAtrA meM vizuddhatA prApta hogI / aura jIvana meM apUrva Ananda kI upalabdhi hogii|